CN103066140A - Solar cell rear panel, preparation method of solar cell rear panel and solar cell module - Google Patents
Solar cell rear panel, preparation method of solar cell rear panel and solar cell module Download PDFInfo
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- CN103066140A CN103066140A CN2011103221248A CN201110322124A CN103066140A CN 103066140 A CN103066140 A CN 103066140A CN 2011103221248 A CN2011103221248 A CN 2011103221248A CN 201110322124 A CN201110322124 A CN 201110322124A CN 103066140 A CN103066140 A CN 103066140A
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Abstract
The invention provides a solar cell rear panel which sequentially comprises a back protection layer, a metal foil layer, an adhesive layer and a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polyester film layer from bottom to top. The back protection layer is an anodic oxidation layer or a fluorocarbon coating. The invention further provides a preparation method for the solar cell rear panel and a solar cell module with the solar cell rear panel. The solar cell rear panel can guarantee high insulation and weather resistance and greatly reduces cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to area of solar cell, relate in particular to a kind of solar cell backboard and preparation method thereof and a kind of solar module.
Background technology
Solar module directly is exposed in the atmosphere in use, stand the erosion of variations in temperature, ultraviolet ray irradiation and steam.As not resisting the impact of environmental factor, its opto-electronic conversion performance is easy to decay, lose practical value, thereby the research of solar cell package material is very important.Encapsulating material comprises glass, glued membrane, backboard, aluminium frame and silica gel.Wherein because the main material of backboard is monopolized by foreign corporation always, once supply falls short of demand, so backboard becomes most striking encapsulating material.
For improving weatherability, also effectively intercepting ultraviolet ray and steam, at present, solar cell backboard adopts the production of multilayer film thermoforming way usually.Take the most frequently used TPT as example, it be with three layers of polyvinyl fluoride/PETG/polyvinyl fluorides (being PVF/PET/PVF) independently film make by the bonding of glue is hot-forming.The supplier who produces the PVF film both at home and abroad is considerably less, and along with the in recent years surge of solar module demand, the demand of PVF film is thereupon surge also, so that supply falls short of demand.Because of the TPT complicated process of preparation, the domestic production technology is immature, substantially relies on from external import, and prices are rather stiff.Therefore, demand developing a kind of low cost, high performance solar cell backboard material urgently.
Summary of the invention
Being difficult to of the invention solves that the solar cell backboard that exists in the prior art exists guarantees high insulation weatherability and technical problem cheaply simultaneously.
The invention provides a kind of solar cell backboard, described solar cell backboard comprises back-protective layer, metal aluminium lamination, adhesive layer and PET polyester rete from bottom to up successively, and described back-protective layer is anodic oxide coating or fluororine-carbon coating.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of described solar cell backboard, may further comprise the steps:
A, carry out anodic oxidation on a surface of metal aluminium lamination, perhaps, at a surface-coated fluororine-carbon coating of metal aluminium lamination, form back-protective layer on this surface of metal aluminium lamination;
B, at the coated on one side adhesive of PET polyester rete, the one side that will scribble adhesive after the drying is molded with the surface heat that does not form the back-protective layer of metal aluminium lamination, obtains described solar cell backboard.
At last, the invention provides a kind of solar module, described solar module comprises backboard, sealant layer, cell piece, sealant layer and the photic zone that stacks gradually, and wherein, described backboard is solar cell backboard provided by the invention.
In the solar cell backboard provided by the invention, adopt PET polyester rete as the insulation weathering layer, replace the PVF rete in the TPT backboard, can effectively reduce cost on the one hand, can effectively guarantee on the other hand the insulation weather resistance of solar module; Simultaneously, among the present invention, form the back-protective layer at the metal aluminium lamination back side by anodic oxidation or spraying fluororine-carbon coating, can effectively protect the internal structure of the back side and solar module, further improve the insulation weather resistance of solar module.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of solar cell backboard provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of solar module provided by the invention.
Embodiment
In order to make technical problem solved by the invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further elaborated.
Unless stated otherwise, the PET among the present invention refers to PETG, and PEN refers to PEN.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of solar cell backboard 100, described solar cell backboard 100 comprises back-protective layer 1, metal aluminium lamination 2, adhesive layer 3 and PET polyester rete 4 from bottom to up successively.
Among the present invention, that described PET polyester rete 4 adds after by the raw mix drying that will contain PET resin, fluorocarbon resin, PEN resin, titanium dioxide and antioxidant is hot-extrudable, stretching obtains.
Under the preferable case, take the raw mix of 100 weight portions as benchmark, wherein, the content of described PET resin is the 30-60 weight portion, the content of fluorocarbon resin is the 20-50 weight portion, the content of PEN resin is the 10-20 weight portion, and the content of titanium dioxide is the 1-2 weight portion, and the content of antioxidant is the 1-2 weight portion.
Described fluorocarbon resin can adopt various fluorine-containing organic resin of the prior art.For example, optional in polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), Kynoar (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), fluorubber (PFA) one or more of described fluorocarbon resin.Under the preferable case, described fluorocarbon resin is selected from Kynoar (PVDF) and/or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the insulation weatherability of the PET polyester rete that obtain this moment is best.
Described antioxidant is used for improving the ageing resistace of described PET polyester rete, and it is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example can be selected from phosphoric acid ester antioxidant, the phenolic antioxidant one or more.Described antioxidant can adopt various antioxidant commonly used in the prior art, is used for preventing that backboard is aging, improves the weatherability of solar cell backboard.The kind of described antioxidant is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, for example can be selected from phosphoric acid ester antioxidant, the phenolic antioxidant one or more.Among the present invention, described antioxidant can directly adopt and be purchased product.For example, described antioxidant is selected from irgasfos 168 and antioxidant 1010, and wherein irgasfos 168 is phosphoric acid ester antioxidant, and antioxidant 1010 is Hinered phenols antioxidant.
As a kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, also can contain light stabilizer in the described feedstock composition.The kind of described light stabilizer and act as conventionally known to one of skill in the art.For example, described light stabilizer is selected from one or more in salicylic acid lipid, benzophenone, benzotriazole and the hindered amines.Under the preferable case, take the raw mix of 100 weight portions as benchmark, light stabilizer is the 0.1-0.5 weight portion.More preferably in the situation, take the raw mix of 100 weight portions as benchmark, the content of described raw mix light stabilizer is 0.2 weight portion.As a kind of preferred forms of the present invention, described light stabilizer is the compound system of benzophenone, benzotriazole and hindered amines, and its weight ratio is 7:7:6.
Among the present invention, the adhesive that contains in the adhesive layer 3 can adopt adhesive in each that commonly use in the prior art.For example, can to adopt polyurethane be that hot setting adhesive or propylene are hot setting adhesive to described adhesive.
Under the preferable case, among the present invention, it is hot setting adhesive that described adhesive adopts the polyurethanes of thermmohardening, and it has good wet-hot aging performance.Particularly, described polyurethanes is to contain host and curing agent in the hot setting adhesive, and host is polyurethanes, and curing agent is isocyanic acid.More preferably in the situation, described polyurethanes is that the mass ratio of host and curing agent is 100:20-40 in the hot setting adhesive.
Described metal aluminium lamination 2 is barrier layer, has the advantages such as mechanical strength height, water vapor transmittance is low, thermal diffusivity is good.Described back-protective layer 4 is anodic oxide coating or fluororine-carbon coating, is used for the internal structure of solar cell backboard.Wherein, anodic oxide coating can form by a surface of metal aluminium lamination 2 directly being carried out anodic oxidation; Fluororine-carbon coating then can form by applying.
Particularly, described fluororine-carbon coating forms after applying fluoro-containing coating at metal aluminium lamination 2.The component of described fluoro-containing coating is conventionally known to one of skill in the art, comprises fluorocarbon resin, solvent, crosslinking agent, curing agent and various customary filler.Fluorocarbon resin was identical when wherein fluorocarbon resin was with aforementioned preparation PET polyester rete.Among the present invention, the fluoro-containing coating that adopts when forming fluororine-carbon coating can directly adopt and be purchased product, is mixed with fluoro-containing coating after for example can directly adopting the fluorocarbon resin of Aksu company to add solvent, crosslinking agent, curing agent and various customary filler.The mode of described coating can adopt spraying or roller coating, and wherein spraying can be common spraying, electrostatic spraying, but is not limited to this.
Among the present invention, the thickness of back-protective layer 1 is 10-30 μ m, and the thickness of metal aluminium lamination 2 is 100-300 μ m, and the thickness of adhesive layer 3 is 1-2 μ m, and the thickness of PET polyester rete 4 is 150-350 μ m.Under the preferable case, the thickness of back-protective layer 1 is 15-20 μ m, and the thickness of metal aluminium lamination 2 is 150-200 μ m, and the thickness of adhesive layer 3 is 1-2 μ m, and the thickness of PET polyester rete 4 is 150-250 μ m.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of described solar cell backboard, may further comprise the steps:
A, carry out anodic oxidation on a surface of metal aluminium lamination, perhaps, at a surface-coated fluororine-carbon coating of metal aluminium lamination, form back-protective layer on this surface of metal aluminium lamination;
B, at the coated on one side adhesive of PET polyester rete, the one side that will scribble adhesive after the drying is molded with the surface heat that does not form the back-protective layer of metal aluminium lamination, obtains described solar cell backboard.
Under the preferable case, among the step B, dry temperature is 70-100 ℃, and be 3-5min drying time.More preferably in the situation, dry temperature is 80-90 ℃, and be 3-5min drying time.Hot-forming temperature is 70-100 ℃, is preferably 80-90 ℃.
As those skilled in the art's common practise, before the coated on one side adhesive of PET polyester rete, also can carry out oil removing, corona treatment to it.
Among the present invention, prepare the method for described PET polyester rete as previously mentioned, specifically comprise: will contain add after the raw mix drying of PET resin, fluorocarbon resin, PEN resin, titanium dioxide and antioxidant hot-extrudable, stretching obtains.Each component and content repeat no more as previously mentioned herein in the described feedstock composition.
Under the preferable case, described stretching comprises first longitudinal stretching, then at cross directional stretch; Perhaps first cross directional stretch, again longitudinal stretching.
At last, the invention provides a kind of solar module, as shown in Figure 2, described solar module comprises backboard, sealant layer 200, cell piece 300, sealant layer 200 and the photic zone 400 that stacks gradually, wherein, described backboard is solar cell backboard 100 provided by the invention.
As those skilled in the art's common practise, the encapsulating material of described solar module also comprises aluminium frame (not shown in the accompanying drawing).Among the present invention, owing to adopt metal aluminium lamination 2 as barrier layer, therefore with respect to the TPT of flexible material, greatly strengthen the mechanical strength of described solar cell backboard 100, can greatly reduce thickness and the weight of aluminium frame, reduce aluminium frame cost, thereby further reduce the cost of solar module of the present invention.
In the solar cell backboard 100 provided by the invention, adopt PET polyester rete 4 as the insulation weathering layer, replace the PVF rete in the TPT backboard, can effectively reduce cost on the one hand, can effectively guarantee on the other hand the insulation weather resistance of solar module provided by the invention.Simultaneously, among the present invention, form back-protective layer 1 at metal aluminium lamination 2 back sides by anodic oxidation or spraying fluororine-carbon coating, can effectively protect the internal structure of solar module provided by the invention, further improve the insulation weather resistance of solar module.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done further and to explain.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.The raw material that adopts all is commercially available in embodiment and the Comparative Examples.
(1) with PET resin 45kg, PVDF resin 35kg, PEN resin 18kg, TiO
2Powder 1kg, irgasfos 168 1kg mix, successively drying, add the PET polyester film that hot-extrudable, shaping, longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch, ballingup namely get present embodiment, thickness is 150 μ m;
(2) the PET polyester film that step (1) is obtained carries out first oil removing and corona treatment, then (polyurethanes is hot setting adhesive with the glutinous agent of its glue coating, the mass ratio of polyurethanes and isocyanic acid is 100:30), and at 90 ℃ of lower dry 5min, the dry rear adhesive layer thickness that forms is 1 μ m;
(3) the PET polyester film that step (2) is obtained scribbles the one side and single face anodic oxidation aluminium foil (aluminum foil thickness 200 μ m of adhesive, anodized layer thickness 20 μ m) not anodised one side is at 90 ℃ of lower pressing and formings, obtain the solar cell backboard of present embodiment, have structure shown in Figure 1, be designated as S1.
(1) with PET resin 35kg, PTFE resin 45kg, PEN resin 17kg, TiO
2Powder 2kg, antioxidant 1010 1kg mix, successively drying, add the PET polyester film that hot-extrudable, shaping, longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch, ballingup namely get present embodiment, thickness is 200 μ m;
(2) the PET polyester film that step (1) is obtained carries out first oil removing and corona treatment, then will be wherein the coated on one side adhesive (polyurethanes is hot setting adhesive, the mass ratio of polyurethanes and isocyanic acid is 100:30), and at 80 ℃ of lower dry 5min, the dry rear adhesive layer thickness that forms is 2 μ m;
(3) the PET polyester film that step (2) is obtained scribbles the one side and single face anodic oxidation aluminium foil (aluminum foil thickness 150 μ m of adhesive, anodized layer thickness 15 μ m) not anodised one side is at 80 ℃ of lower pressing and formings, obtain the solar cell backboard of present embodiment, have structure shown in Figure 1, be designated as S2.
(1) with PET resin 45kg, PVDF resin 35kg, PEN resin 17kg, TiO
2Powder 2kg, antioxidant 1kg(be irgasfos 168 0.5kg wherein, antioxidant 1010 0.5kg), light stabilizer 0.2kg(wherein, benzophenone 0.07kg, benzotriazole 0.07kg, hindered amines 0.06kg) mixes, successively drying, add hot-extrudable, shaping, longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch, ballingup and namely get the PET polyester film, thickness is 150 μ m;
(2) the PET polyester film that step (1) is obtained carries out first oil removing and corona treatment, then will be wherein the coated on one side adhesive (polyurethanes is hot setting adhesive, the mass ratio of polyurethanes and isocyanic acid is 100:25), and at 90 ℃ of lower dry 5min, the dry rear adhesive layer thickness that forms is 1 μ m;
(3) adopt the method for electrostatic spraying to apply fluoro-containing coating (fluorocarbon resin that contains in the fluoro-containing coating adopts the fluorocarbon resin of Aksu company) to a surface of metal aluminum sheet (thickness is 200 μ m), forming thickness is the fluororine-carbon coating of 15 μ m;
(4) do not spray the one side of fluororine-carbon coating at 90 ℃ of lower pressing and formings on the one side that the PET polyester compound film that step (2) is obtained scribbles adhesive and the metal aluminum sheet of step (3), obtain the solar cell backboard of present embodiment, have structure shown in Figure 1, be designated as S3.
(1) with PET resin 50kg, PTFE resin 35kg, PEN resin 12kg, TiO
2Powder 2kg, antioxidant 1kg(be irgasfos 168 0.5kg wherein, antioxidant 1010 0.5kg), light stabilizer 0.2kg(wherein, benzophenone 0.07kg, benzotriazole 0.07kg, hindered amines 0.06kg) mixes, successively drying, add hot-extrudable, shaping, longitudinal stretching, cross directional stretch, ballingup and namely get the PET polyester film, thickness is 200 μ m;
(2) the PET polyester film that step (1) is obtained carries out first oil removing and corona treatment, then will be wherein coated on one side adhesive (propylene is heat-curing type adhesive), and at 80 ℃ of lower dry 5min, the adhesive layer thickness that forms after dry is 2 μ m;
(3) the PET polyester film that step (2) is obtained scribbles the one side and single face anodic oxidation aluminium foil (aluminum foil thickness 150 μ m of adhesive, anodized layer thickness 15 μ m) not anodised one side is at 80 ℃ of lower pressing and formings, obtain the solar cell backboard of present embodiment, have structure shown in Figure 1, be designated as S4.
Comparative Examples 1
Adopt the EVA glued membrane to laminate successively PVF, PET, PVF three-layer thin-film, hot-forming, the thickness for preparing this Comparative Examples is the solar cell backboard of 350 μ m, is designated as DS1.
Performance test:
1, weatherability test:
Adopt the disclosed method of solar panel authentication/solar photovoltaic cell panel IEC61215, S1-S4 and DS1 are tested, test condition is: the time is 2000h, and relative humidity is 85%rh, and probe temperature is 85 ℃.Observe S1-S4 and DS1 and have or not layering.Without being layered as OK, be layered as NO.Test result is as shown in table 1.
Adopt the disclosed method of ASTMF-149, the puncture voltage of test S1-S4 and DS1, test result is as shown in table 1.
Place under the 1KW ultraviolet xenon lamp under 60 ℃ in S1-S4 and the DS1 sample, shone 150 hours, observation has or not variable color.Be OK without variable color, it is NO that variable color is arranged.Test result is as shown in table 1.
Adopt the disclosed method of UL-94, the fire-retardant rank of test S1-S4 and DS1, test result is as shown in table 1.
2, testing vapor transmission:
Adopt the disclosed method of ISO 15106-3, the water vapor transmittance of test S1-S4 and DS1, test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Test result by upper table 1 can be found out, solar cell backboard S1-S4 provided by the invention is high without layering, puncture voltage, high without variable color, fire-retardant rank, have excellent weatherability, and by adopting the metal aluminium lamination as barrier layer, barrier to steam is very good, and water vapor transmittance is low.
Result by S1-S4 and DS1 can find out that relatively the TPT backboard DS1 in the solar cell backboard that provides of the present invention and the Comparative Examples 1 has similar even more excellent insulation weather resistance.And among the present invention, owing to do not adopt expensive PVF rete, its cost is reduced greatly.Simultaneously among the present invention, owing to adopt the metal aluminium lamination, the flexible TPT backboard in the Comparative Examples 1, mechanical strength is improved, and can greatly reduce thickness and the weight of aluminium frame when being packaged into solar module, thereby reduces aluminium frame cost and cost of transportation.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a solar cell backboard is characterized in that, described solar cell backboard comprises back-protective layer, metal aluminium lamination, adhesive layer and PET polyester rete from bottom to up successively, and described back-protective layer is anodic oxide coating or fluororine-carbon coating.
2. solar cell backboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that, that described PET polyester rete adds after by the raw mix drying that will contain PET resin, fluorocarbon resin, PEN resin, titanium dioxide and antioxidant is hot-extrudable, stretching obtains.
3. solar cell backboard according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, take the raw mix of 100 weight portions as benchmark, wherein, the content of described PET resin is the 30-60 weight portion, and the content of fluorocarbon resin is the 20-50 weight portion, and the content of PEN resin is the 10-20 weight portion, the content of titanium dioxide is the 1-2 weight portion, and the content of antioxidant is the 1-2 weight portion.
4. solar cell backboard according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described fluorocarbon resin is selected from one or more in polyvinyl fluoride, Kynoar, polytetrafluoroethylene, the fluorubber; Described antioxidant is selected from one or more in phosphoric acid ester antioxidant or the Hinered phenols.
5. solar cell backboard according to claim 2 is characterized in that, take the raw mix of 100 weight portions as benchmark, also contains the light stabilizer of 0.1-0.5 weight portion in the described raw mix.
6. solar cell backboard according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described light stabilizer is selected from one or more in salicylic acid lipid, benzophenone, benzotriazole and the hindered amines.
7. solar cell backboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the adhesive that contains in the adhesive layer is that polyurethane is that hot setting adhesive or propylene are hot setting adhesive.
8. solar cell backboard according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described adhesive is that polyurethanes is hot setting adhesive; Described polyurethanes is to contain host and curing agent in the hot setting adhesive, and host is polyurethanes, and curing agent is isocyanic acid, and the mass ratio of host and curing agent is 100:20-40.
9. solar cell backboard according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the thickness of back-protective layer is 10-30 μ m, and the thickness of metal aluminium lamination is 100-300 μ m, and the thickness of adhesive layer is 1-2 μ m, and the thickness of PET polyester rete is 150-350 μ m.
10. the preparation method of solar cell backboard claimed in claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
A, carry out anodic oxidation on a surface of metal aluminium lamination, perhaps, at a surface-coated fluororine-carbon coating of metal aluminium lamination, form back-protective layer on this surface of metal aluminium lamination;
B, at the coated on one side adhesive of PET polyester rete, the one side that will scribble adhesive after the drying is molded with the surface heat that does not form the back-protective layer of metal aluminium lamination, obtains described solar cell backboard.
11. preparation method according to claim 10 is characterized in that, among the step B, dry temperature is 70-100 ℃, and be 3-5min drying time; Hot-forming temperature is 70-100 ℃.
12. preparation method according to claim 10, it is characterized in that the method for preparing described PET polyester rete comprises: will contain add after the raw mix drying of PET resin, fluorocarbon resin, PEN resin, titanium dioxide and antioxidant hot-extrudable, stretching obtains.
13. preparation method according to claim 12, it is characterized in that, take the raw mix of 100 weight portions as benchmark, wherein, the content of described PET resin is the 30-60 weight portion, and the content of fluorocarbon resin is the 20-50 weight portion, and the content of PEN resin is the 10-20 weight portion, the content of titanium dioxide is the 1-2 weight portion, and the content of antioxidant is the 1-2 weight portion.
14. preparation method according to claim 12 is characterized in that, take the raw mix of 100 weight portions as benchmark, also contains the light stabilizer of 0.1-0.5 weight portion in the described raw mix.
15. a solar module, described solar module comprise backboard, sealant layer, cell piece, sealant layer and the photic zone that stacks gradually, and it is characterized in that, described backboard is the described solar cell backboard of any one among the claim 1-9.
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| CN104403526A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-11 | 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 | Solar cell backboard coating material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105140327A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-12-09 | 杭州福斯特光伏材料股份有限公司 | Heat radiation backboard for photovoltaic assembly |
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| CN107819050A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-03-20 | 扬州鑫晶光伏科技有限公司 | A kind of solar cell heat sinking back-plate structure and its processing technology |
| CN107819043B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2023-12-19 | 北京华阳风科技有限公司 | Solar photovoltaic cell assembly |
| CN108198886A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-22 | 中天科技精密材料有限公司 | A kind of corrosion resistant PVDF thin film of high reflectance and preparation method thereof, application |
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