CN103065771B - A kind of method for improving inductance coefficient of air gap magnetic core - Google Patents
A kind of method for improving inductance coefficient of air gap magnetic core Download PDFInfo
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- CN103065771B CN103065771B CN201310003062.3A CN201310003062A CN103065771B CN 103065771 B CN103065771 B CN 103065771B CN 201310003062 A CN201310003062 A CN 201310003062A CN 103065771 B CN103065771 B CN 103065771B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for improving inductance coefficient of air gap magnetic core, formed using the core combination of more than two, the faying face that magnetic flux passes through uses minute surface technique, wind and fill appropriate magnetic liquid after coil in minute surface, then fit together, so as to reach whole magnetic core inductance coefficent more than 80%.The transformer or the small volume of inductance made using the magnetic core after this method, and transformer or inductance technique for coiling are simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic core, the method for more particularly to improving inductance coefficient of air gap magnetic core.
Background technology
Magnetic core：Magnetic core refers to a kind of sintering magnetic metal oxide being made up of various iron oxide mixtures.The use of magnetic core
Way is extremely wide, and since the eighties in last century, computer power supply realizes Switching Power Supply comprehensively, the power supply for the computer that takes the lead in completing
Regenerate, various electronics, electric equipment field, programme-controlled exchange, communication, electricity are subsequently entered into the Switching Power Supply nineties in last century
Sub- detection device power supply, control device power supply etc. have all been widely used in Switching Power Supply, household electrical appliance, as colour TV, route
Device, mobile phone charging etc. all employ Switching Power Supply and power, and more promotes switch power technology, magnetic core technology and develops rapidly.
So in Multi- Switch power supply, the requirement to magnetic core is also different, as common anti exciting converter (FLY-
BACK in), it is necessary to open magnetic core a relatively large air gap to store energy, while adjusting inductance is wanted to reach to design
Ask, as the Switching Power Supply that some are worked with harmonic technology, such as flyback quasi resonant convertor, or LLC resonant converter is required for adjusting
Air gap obtains suitable inductance value.
Also there are some Switching Power Supplies and other purposes, operationally magnetic core is not need air gap, such as nineteen fifty-five U.S. sieve
（G.H.Royer) the self-oscillation push-pull transistor single phase transformer DC converter of invention, also makees Royer circuits；And
Nineteen fifty-seven, the U.S. looked into match（Jen Sen, some places translations " well is gloomy ") invention auto-excitation type recommend dual transformer circuit, after claimed
For self-oscillation Jensen circuits or Jensen circuits；Both circuits, descendant is referred to as self-excited push-pull type transducer.Self-excitation is recommended
The related work principle of formula converter is in Electronic Industry Press《The principle and design of Switching Power Supply》Page 67 to page 70 have
Description, book ISBN 7-121-00211-6.The principal mode of circuit is above-mentioned famous Royer circuits and self-oscillation
Jensen circuits.
The characteristics of above-mentioned Royer, Jensen circuit is：Push-pull oscillator, transformer output are carried out using magnetic core saturated characteristic
Waveform is approximate square waves, and the conversion efficiency of circuit is higher.Magnetic core will be in specific time instant close to saturation state, so can not
Using the magnetic core that there is air gap.Above-mentioned self-excited push-pull type transducer must use magnetic saturation type magnetic core, and magnetic core aerating gap is public
The anti-magnetically saturated means known.
Another self-excited push-pull type transducer that push-pull oscillator is not carried out using magnetic core saturated characteristic, is published in people's post and telecommunications
Society's nineteen ninety publishes, what Wang Guiying write《Power conversion technology》Page 57 to page 70 are described, and the book ISBN is 7-115-
04229-2/TN·353.Section three of page 57 of the 3rd section of the second row (the third line on Fig. 2-28) has been mentioned in the book：Transformation
Device is operated in unsaturated state, and the volume ratio of transformer is larger.
Self-excited push-pull type transducer is unique to exchange due in small-signal model in current field of switch power
Small-signal input impedance is positive power supply, and the ac small signal input impedance of other Switching Power Supplies is negative, and ac small signal is defeated
It is that negative switch power parallel is extremely inconvenient when using to enter impedance, and the ac small signal input impedance of self-excited push-pull type transducer is
Just, in parallel, cascade is extremely easy to use, so being used widely.2011, global industry field newly promoted 70,000,000 certainly
Swash in push-pull converter micropower power supply module, almost all uses the magnet ring coiling transformer that magnetic circuit is closed.It is described here
Magnetic circuit closure, also make flux closure, refer to that magnetic flux is all passed through in magnetic material, not by extremely low permeability as air
Medium.
For another example, as network transformer, the RJ45 integrated transformers of such as Ethernet, interface transformer is also to use without gas
The magnet ring coiling of gap.
For another example, high-quality common mode inductance (Common mode Choke), is also common mode choke, and some documents are called conjugation
Inductance, is also the magnet ring coiling of air-gap-free, to obtain maximum induction amount；Common mode inductance also has not high to performance requirement,
Using minute surface core combination coiling.Fig. 1 shows the structure chart of this kind of classical magnet ring, and Fig. 2 is the square hysteresis of this magnetic core
Loop line, wherein+Bm,-BmFor two saturation points of magnetic core, in fact, this curve is close to rectangle, Fig. 2 is in order to clear
Curve is seen on ground clearly, and transverse axis H unit scales are diminished, and figure is elongated in transverse axis horizontal direction.
It is corresponding for Fig. 1 that Fig. 3 shows that magnetic core opens " having air gap " in hysteresis curve figure after air gap, Fig. 3 signified solid line
Magnetic core opens the hysteresis curve after the air gap of very little；The dotted line of " air-gap-free " meaning in Fig. 3 is the hysteresis curve of contrast, and schemes
2 is identical.What common mode inductance also had using minute surface core combination coiling, its hysteresis curve is exactly signified in similar Fig. 3 " to have gas
The signified solid line of gap ".
In actual use, measurement hysteresis curve is that one very time-consuming, cost very high experiment.Typically all with inductance coefficent come
Reflect the performance of magnetic core, inductance coefficent is denoted as AL, and inductance coefficent is the physical quantity that coil gauge produces electromagnetic induction ability, one
Magnetic core, after the conductor wire of a upper fixing turn, its inductance value=inductance coefficent × wire circle square is denoted as：
L is the inductance value for having magnetic core coil, and AL is inductance coefficent, and N is wire circle, then：
From formula (2) as can be seen that the measurement of inductance coefficent is easily thing, when wire circle is a circle, measures and
Inductance value be inductance coefficent AL, certainly, circle coil itself measurement error is larger, general using multiturn measurement, then calculates
Go out inductance coefficent AL.
The magnetic core of air-gap-free is contrasted with driving the magnetic core of air gap with inductance coefficent, it is possible to which reflecting in Fig. 3 " has gas
The degree close to " air-gap-free " hysteresis curve of gap " hysteresis curve.
Known technology is thought, has opened after air gap, coercivity and saturation point are constant, but needed for reaching saturation point
H values increased dramatically, i.e., the increase of electric current in coil, this needs thicker enamel-covered wire to carry out coiling transformer, otherwise original paint
Envelope curve can not bear bigger electric current, so, and the cost and volume of transformer can all increase；Needed for reaching saturation point
H values increased dramatically, another method is that the coil institute coiling number of turn of transformer is multiplied, and equally, the number of turn is multiplied, band
Carry out internal resistance increase, loss increase, the efficiency of self-excited push-pull type transducer declines.This is also above-mentioned《Power conversion technology》Refer to
" transformer is operated in unsaturated state, and the volume ratio of transformer is larger " Producing reason.
Fig. 1 shows that shortcoming of the magnet ring of flux closure in above-mentioned application is that coiling is difficult：
Including the transformer used in Royer circuits and Jensen circuits, network transformer, high-quality common mode inductance, all adopt
With the magnetic core coiling transformer or inductance of air-gap-free, general to use magnet ring coiling, due to flux closure, enamel-covered wire will during coiling
Through the hole in the middle of magnet ring, this brings very big difficulty to coiling, at present on the bead less than 10mm to 35mm diameters around
The enamel-covered wire of system so multiturn, either, all there are processing difficulties in machine coiling or manual coiling.
And using has the magnetic core coiling of air gap, technique for coiling is extremely simple, but it is larger to there is the volume ratio of transformer, this
It is previously described《Power conversion technology》Page 57 to page 70 are described, nearly 70,000,000 increased newly every year from global industry field
In the micropower power supply module of self-excited push-pull type transducer, it can also be seen that unsaturation formula self-excited push-pull type transducer transformer
Due to volume and above-mentioned reason, it is not applied.Network transformer, high-quality common mode inductance still use the magnetic of flux closure
Around system, annual total amount is at several hundred million.
At present, include the magnet ring of flux closure and use the related application of minute surface magnetic core, all Shortcomings, be summarized as follows：
1) shortcoming of the magnet ring of flux closure is that coiling is difficult；
2) volume ratio using the transformer, network transformer, high-quality common mode inductance of minute surface magnetic core is larger；
If finding a kind of method, using air gap magnetic core coiling transformer or inductance, and its inductance coefficent is close to air-gap-free
More than the 80% of flux closure magnetic core, it is possible to realize transformer or inductance small volume, coiling is simple.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention overcomes that above-mentioned not enough there is provided a kind of method for improving inductance coefficient of air gap magnetic core so that gas
Gap core inductance coefficient close to the flux closure magnetic core of air-gap-free more than 80% or reach 100%, it is possible to realize transformer or
Inductance small volume, coiling is simple.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of method for improving inductance coefficient of air gap magnetic core, it is characterized in that：
Magnetic core is that more than two monomer magnetic materials are combined, and the faying face that magnetic flux passes through is minute surface, and minute surface is combined together the knot of generation
With joint efforts in 4.3N/cm2More than, minute surface junction air gap is filled up with magnetic liquid.
Preferably, above-mentioned magnetic liquid is that nano magnetic particle is dispersed in the stable colloidal solutions formed in carrier fluid,
And the saturation flux density of magnetic liquid is more than 180 Gausses；
Preferably, the saturation flux density of above-mentioned magnetic liquid is more than 2000 Gausses.
The operation principle of the present invention is, the method in above-mentioned technical proposal, magnetic core be the combination of more than two monomer magnetic materials and
Into, in this manner it is possible to wind transformer on skeleton, or with the copper foil cabling on circuit board constitute coil, then from circuit board two
Load onto each magnetic material in side.The faying face that magnetic flux passes through is minute surface.Minute surface --- original is the tidemark of metal cutting process, magnetic core
On continued to use this vocabulary, refer to magnetic core surface and obtain extraordinary roughness, can clear inverted image go out the magnetic material surface of article image.
When minute surface magnetic core is usually magnetic core respective surfaces roughness ＜ 0.8um surface, referred to as minute surface magnetic core, no matter with which kind of processing side
Method is processed, and fine scraggly vestige is always left in magnetic core finished surface, the peak valley phenomenon staggeredly risen and fallen occurs, good
Minute surface is combined together the adhesion of generation in 4.3N/cm2More than, this adhesion comes from the molecule on minute surface junction both sides
Gravitation, this is the technique upper limit of current minute surface magnetic core, and the presence of molecular attraction illustrates to have the magnetic domain of negligible amounts to connect together,
Due to very little, with the presence of some magnetic fluxs, the magnetic domain that this part connects together will saturation, the magnetic that this part connects together after saturation
Farmland and air are not different, and air gap occurs again in magnetic core.
From the point of view of the atomic structure viewpoint of material, interaction is very strong caused by spin between the interior electronics of magnet matter
Strong, under this effect, ferromagnetics has been internally formed some small spontaneous manetization regions, is called magnetic domain.
Due to realizing that the winding current of this magnetic domain saturation is too small, the air gap of the magnetic core of prior art still works, its electricity
Coefficient AL is felt still than relatively low.Minute surface degree is higher, and the gravitation of faying face is bigger, but grinding etc. method can not further increase this knot
With joint efforts, it is still scraggly vestige that its faying face, which is still had after air gap, amplification, the peak valley phenomenon staggeredly risen and fallen occurs, from
And produce air gap.Therefore the inductance coefficent AL of magnetic core is still than relatively low, and the magnetic domain on minute surface junction both sides is still in respective work shape
State.
The method that technical scheme is taken：It is characterized in that：Magnetic core is that more than two monomer magnetic materials are combined, magnetic
The faying face stimulated the menstrual flow, including side, are minute surface, minute surface is combined together the adhesion of generation in 4.3N/cm2More than, magnetic
Core minute surface junction air gap is filled up with magnetic liquid.Magnetic liquid is that nano magnetic particle is dispersed in the stable colloid formed in carrier fluid
Solution is a kind of while having the functional material of magnet magnetic and liquid fluidity, and minute surface junction air gap has been filled up with magnetic liquid,
From suitable magnetic liquid, the nanoscale magnetic material in magnetic liquid is connected to the magnetic domain of air gap both sides so that the magnetic domain high number of interconnection,
It can be appreciated that magnetic liquid has filled up scraggly small space in air gap, so that the magnetic core after combination can be realized easily
Magnetic saturation, i.e. magnetic core can just produce larger magnetic flux with less exciting current, magnetic of its inductance coefficent AL close to air-gap-free
More than the 80% of logical closed magnetic core, reaches the effect of rectangular hysteresis loop, so that realization realizes whole magnetic core with Combined type magnetic core
Effect.
Due to being combined using more than two magnetic materials, the coiling of transformer or inductance seems simple, after the completion of coiling
Magnetic core is loaded on, is further filled up using magnetic liquid after processing, is improved the inductance coefficent of magnetic core, make up to air gap, magnetic
The inductance coefficent more than 80% of logical closed magnetic core, compared with prior art, the present invention have following significant effect：
(1) coiling is simple
Due to having used more than two core combinations to form, the coiling of transformer or inductance seems simple, after the completion of coiling
It is loaded on magnetic core；Or directly design winding on circuit boards, process and magnetic core directly loaded onto after circuit board, thus transformer around
Technique processed is simple, saves man-hour；
(2) core volume of the invention is smaller
This, which has benefited from the present invention, can greatly improve the inductance coefficent of magnetic core.
(3) efficiency is further lifted
This, which has benefited from the present invention, can greatly improve the inductance coefficent of magnetic core so that core volume is smaller, and iron loss compares
Small (iron loss is directly proportional to volume), in addition, the number of turn reduction of coiling, enamel-covered wire total length reduction, its internal resistance is also reduced, copper loss
Reduction, so as to lift overall efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the magnet ring type magnetic core in magnetic circuit closed magnetic core；
Fig. 2 is the square hysteresis loop figure of magnetic circuit closed magnetic core；
If Fig. 3, which is the corresponding magnetic cores of Fig. 2, opens the hysteresis curve after the air gap of very little and original comparison diagram；
Fig. 4 is first embodiment magnetic core schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is second embodiment magnetic core schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the Combined type magnetic core schematic diagram of second embodiment another embodiment house transformer.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Fig. 4 is first embodiment magnetic core schematic diagram, and using relatively conventional ER7.5 magnetic cores, magnetic material is from more peak electronics
The P4 of material limited company, outward appearance are as shown in figure 4,22 six signified faces are minute surfaces.
The coil wound is buckled before Fig. 4 magnetic core, on 3 minute surfaces of a magnetic core, and upper appropriate magnetic liquid, magnetic are dripped respectively
The LD2020 of the golden section of the model of liquid, its saturation flux density is in 200 Gauss.
Meanwhile, homemade magnetic liquid has been used, using the magnetic material of high magnetic permeability, after sintering, grind into powder, and filter out
Magnetic below 500 mesh, is mixed into the preferable loudspeaker magnetic liquid LD2003 of mobility, controls mixed volume, makes after mixing
Magnetic liquid saturation flux density in 2000 Gausses.
Note：Mesh refers to the empty eye number on screen cloth per square inch, and 50 mesh just refer to that the eyelet on every square of English inch is 50
Individual, 500 mesh are exactly 500, and mesh number is higher, and eyelet is more.In addition to representing the eyelet of screen cloth, it can lead to for expression simultaneously
The particle diameter of the particle of screen cloth is crossed, mesh number is higher, and particle diameter is smaller.500 mesh of our countries refer to 25 microns of particle diameter.25 microns of particle diameter
Magnet, in fact the magnetic domain of spontaneous manetization is constituted caused by the interior electron spin by many magnet matter, they in magnetic liquid by
External force can be separated into multiple magnetic domains and reassemble into a big magnetic domain.
The magnetic core profile that is combined with Fig. 4 and volume identical whole magnetic core are currently without so first embodiment
The bad carry out contrast test of implementation result, therefore use computer to carry out magnetic emulation to whole magnetic core, simulate and carry out whole magnetic core
Inductance coefficent AL is 5.08uH or so.
Beneficial effects of the present invention for convenience of explanation, it is identical to test three kinds of circuits here, magnetic core assembly method
Three kinds of different schemes：The first, computer carries out the result of magnetic emulation to whole magnetic core；Second, prior art, Fig. 4's
What does not all add in the middle of ER7.5 magnetic cores, the third, one of first embodiment uses saturation flux density in the magnetic of 200 Gausses
Liquid fills up minute surface junction, and the 4th kind, the two of first embodiment fills up mirror using saturation flux density in the magnetic liquid of 2000 Gausses
Face junction.
Test result is referring to table one.
From upper table it can be seen that, magnetic liquid fills up minute surface junction can realize goal of the invention really, add 200 Gauss magnetic liquid
It can realize that inductance coefficent AL reaches more than the 80% of theoretical value, and use after 2000 Gauss magnetic liquid, this value is further
Improve, equivalent in figure 3, " having air gap " this hysteresis curve is closer to " air-gap-free " this hysteresis curve.
Embodiment two
Fig. 5 is second embodiment magnetic core schematic diagram, in order to contrast conveniently, using relatively conventional ER7.5 magnetic cores and an I
Type core combination is formed, and magnetic material derives from the P47 of Yue Feng electronic materials limited company, outward appearance as shown in figure 5,22 is signified
4 faces are minute surfaces.
The coil wound is buckled before Fig. 5 magnetic core, on 3 minute surfaces of a magnetic core, and upper appropriate magnetic liquid, magnetic are dripped respectively
The LD2020 of the golden section of the model of liquid, its saturation flux density is in 200 Gauss.
Meanwhile, homemade magnetic liquid has been used, using the magnetic material of high magnetic permeability, after sintering, grind into powder, and filter out
Magnetic below 500 mesh, is mixed into the preferable loudspeaker magnetic liquid LD2003 of mobility, controls mixed volume, makes after mixing
Magnetic liquid saturation flux density in 2000 Gausses.
The magnetic core profile that is combined with Fig. 5 and volume identical whole magnetic core are currently without so second embodiment
The bad carry out contrast test of implementation result, therefore use computer to carry out magnetic emulation to whole magnetic core, simulate and carry out whole magnetic core
Inductance coefficent AL is 5.60uH or so.
Beneficial effects of the present invention for convenience of explanation, it is identical to test three kinds of circuits here, magnetic core assembly method
Three kinds of different schemes：The first, computer carries out the result of magnetic emulation to whole magnetic core；Second, prior art, Fig. 5's
What does not all add in the middle of ER7.5 magnetic cores and I types magnetic core, the third, one of second embodiment is using saturation flux density 200
The magnetic liquid of Gauss fills up minute surface junction, and the 4th kind, the two of second embodiment uses saturation flux density in the magnetic of 2000 Gausses
Liquid fills up minute surface junction.
Test result is referring to table two.
From upper table it can be seen that, magnetic liquid fills up minute surface junction can realize goal of the invention really, add 200 Gauss magnetic liquid
It can realize that inductance coefficent AL reaches more than the 81% of theoretical value, and use after 2000 Gauss magnetic liquid, this value is further
Improve, equivalent in figure 3, " having air gap " this hysteresis curve is closer to " air-gap-free " this hysteresis curve.
It is clear that I type magnetic cores are changed to two panels, or the ER7.5 other forms that are changed to, it can equally realize this hair
Improving eyesight.Fig. 6 shows this application, and I type magnetic cores are changed to two a little bit smaller I type magnetic cores, and its downward face is minute surface, and this two
Piece can use different magnetic materials, be assembled by the direction of arrow in figure and following ER magnetic cores, magnetic liquid is filled up behind minute surface junction
The object of the invention can equally be realized.
It the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
The limitation of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by claim limited range.For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
Enter and retouch and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method for improving inductance coefficient of air gap magnetic core, applied to self-excited push-pull type transducer, described self-excitation push-pull type
Converter carries out push-pull oscillator using magnetic core saturated characteristic, it is characterised in that：Described magnetic core is more than two core combination
Into the faying face that magnetic flux passes through is minute surface, and described minute surface junction air gap is filled up with magnetic liquid, and described magnetic liquid is by nano magnetic
Property particulate be dispersed in the stable colloidal solutions formed in carrier fluid, the particle diameter of described nano magnetic particle is below 500 mesh.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The saturation flux density of described magnetic liquid 180 Gausses with
On.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The saturation flux density of described magnetic liquid 2000 Gausses with
On.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Transformer is wound on skeleton, is then loaded on described
Magnetic core；Or coil is constituted with the copper foil cabling on circuit board, then load onto from described circuit board both sides described magnetic core.
5. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Transformer is wound on skeleton, is then loaded on described
Magnetic core；Or coil is constituted with the copper foil cabling on circuit board, then load onto from described circuit board both sides described magnetic core.
6. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Transformer is wound on skeleton, is then loaded on described
Magnetic core；Or coil is constituted with the copper foil cabling on circuit board, then load onto from described circuit board both sides described magnetic core.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02187006A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Magnetic circuit of transformer |
| US5204653A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1993-04-20 | Tabuchi Electric Co., Ltd. | Electromagnetic induction device with magnetic particles between core segments |
| CN201397730Y (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-02-03 | 东莞市同和实业有限公司 | Network transformer for communication networks |
| CN101651017A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-02-17 | 郑州乾新电子有限公司 | Liquid-magnetism filled high-frequency transformer |
| CN201788793U (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2011-04-06 | 郭惠成 | Inductor iron core |
| CN201893232U (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-07-06 | 湖北天瑞电子有限公司 | Open type current transformer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10056945C2 (en) * | 2000-11-17 | 2003-08-21 | Epcos Ag | Ferrite core with a new design, carrier and use of the ferrite core |
-
2013
- 2013-01-04 CN CN201310003062.3A patent/CN103065771B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02187006A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1990-07-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Magnetic circuit of transformer |
| US5204653A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1993-04-20 | Tabuchi Electric Co., Ltd. | Electromagnetic induction device with magnetic particles between core segments |
| CN101651017A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-02-17 | 郑州乾新电子有限公司 | Liquid-magnetism filled high-frequency transformer |
| CN201397730Y (en) * | 2009-04-14 | 2010-02-03 | 东莞市同和实业有限公司 | Network transformer for communication networks |
| CN201893232U (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-07-06 | 湖北天瑞电子有限公司 | Open type current transformer |
| CN201788793U (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2011-04-06 | 郭惠成 | Inductor iron core |
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