CN103064876A - Method for obtaining spatial data servitization facing geographic information application - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种面向地理信息应用的空间数据服务化获取方法,包括:空间数据服务化的查询步骤;得到查询执行计划的步骤;以及空间处理对象查询语言在对象查询中嵌套符合结构化查询语言多媒体扩展框架(SQL/MM)规范的空间查询函数,查询语句经分布式查询执行引擎解析后,空间查询函数传递到后端具备空间拓展的关系数据库执行,查询语句通过数据服务对数据库提交查询检索,并将分布式查询结果聚合后返回给数据服务请求者。应用本发明,能够顺利应对持续更新异构的大规模数据资源访问查询,以对象查询形式封装的查询语句,增强地理信息数据的查询检索效率。
The invention discloses a spatial data service acquisition method oriented to geographic information applications, comprising: a spatial data service query step; a step of obtaining a query execution plan; and a spatial processing object query language nested in the object query conforming to the structure The spatial query function specified by the query language multimedia extension framework (SQL/MM). After the query statement is parsed by the distributed query execution engine, the spatial query function is passed to the back-end relational database with spatial expansion for execution. The query statement is submitted to the database through the data service Query retrieval, and aggregate the distributed query results and return them to the data service requester. By applying the present invention, it is possible to smoothly cope with continuously updated heterogeneous large-scale data resource access query, query statements encapsulated in the form of object query, and enhance query and retrieval efficiency of geographic information data.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及信息领域中的地理信息技术,尤其涉及面向地理信息应用的空间数据服务化查询与获取的方法。 The present invention relates to geographic information technology in the field of information, in particular to a method for spatial data service query and acquisition oriented to geographic information applications.
背景技术 Background technique
网络服务环境下地理信息数据的获取,在传统客户端与地理空间数据库直连进行数据查询的模式下进行技术创新,以数据服务化的方式由专门负责查询处理的中间件对空间数据资源进行访问与查询检索,通过数据服务整合来实现地理空间数据资源的共享与互操作。面向地理信息应用的空间数据服务化获取方法通过对数据资源的服务化发布,为空间数据的访问与查询提供接口,在屏蔽后端复杂异构数据源接口的同时,通过改进后的对象查询语句处理用户的数据访问与处理请求,实现后端数据库中各类地理信息矢量栅格数据资源的共享与互操作。 The acquisition of geographic information data in the network service environment, technical innovation is carried out in the mode of direct connection between the traditional client and the geospatial database for data query, and the spatial data resource is accessed by the middleware specially responsible for query processing in the way of data service With query retrieval, the sharing and interoperability of geospatial data resources is realized through data service integration. The spatial data service acquisition method for geographic information applications provides an interface for spatial data access and query through the service release of data resources. While shielding the back-end complex heterogeneous data source interface, the improved object query statement Handle users' data access and processing requests, and realize the sharing and interoperability of various geographic information vector raster data resources in the back-end database.
在传统的地理信息空间数据访问与查询方法中,没有为面向异构数据源的存储和查询提供有效支持。而以网络服务方式发布的空间数据资源,为地理信息数据的获取、数据加工处理,信息检索服务发布和使用带来了多方面的便利。 In the traditional geographic information spatial data access and query methods, there is no effective support for the storage and query of heterogeneous data sources. The spatial data resources published in the form of network services have brought many conveniences to the acquisition of geographic information data, data processing, and the release and use of information retrieval services.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明的主要目的在于提供一种面向地理信息应用的空间数据服务化获取方法,通过对现有技术进行改进,在适应传统方式处理单一数据存储的基础下进行提升,能够顺利应对持续更新异构的大规模数据资源访问查询,以对象查询形式封装的查询语句,增强地理信息数据的查询检索效率。其主要借助网络服务实现空间数据库的查询操作,并在查询的过程中嵌入空间分析操作函数,由网络服务返回空间数据查询以及分析之后的结果,获取查询分析之后的操作结果。 In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a spatial data service-based acquisition method for geographic information applications. By improving the existing technology and adapting to the traditional way of processing single data storage, it can be successfully handled. Continuously update heterogeneous large-scale data resource access queries, query statements encapsulated in the form of object queries, and enhance the query and retrieval efficiency of geographic information data. It mainly realizes the query operation of the spatial database with the help of network services, and embeds the spatial analysis operation function in the query process, and the network service returns the results of the spatial data query and analysis, and obtains the operation results after the query analysis.
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的: In order to achieve the above object, technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that way:
一种面向地理信息应用的空间数据服务化获取方法,该方法包括: A method for acquiring spatial data as a service for geographic information applications, the method comprising:
A、空间数据服务化的查询步骤; A. The query steps of spatial data service;
B、对空间处理对象查询语言的解析规则定义后,借助ANTLR编译器构造程序实现针对特定语法的识别器、编译器和转换器;查询语句经过词法分析过程对标识符和查询关键词进行正确性检查并得到输出的Token字符流,字符流作为语法分析过程的输入元素,根据自定义规则进行上下文无关语法内容的分析,检验语义的逻辑规范符合性;空间对象查询语句借助编译器构造程序实现语法解析器,使用递归下降的语法分析方法,具备更为广泛的语法解析规则表达范围;在查询语法解析过程中生成抽象语法树AST,经查询检查和优化环节,得到查询执行计划; B. After defining the analytical rules of the query language for spatial processing objects, use the ANTLR compiler to construct the program to realize the recognizer, compiler and converter for the specific grammar; the query statement is checked for the correctness of the identifier and query keywords through the lexical analysis process Check and get the output Token character stream, the character stream is used as the input element of the grammatical analysis process, analyze the content of the context-free grammatical content according to the custom rules, and check the logical compliance of the semantics; the spatial object query statement uses the compiler to construct the program to realize the grammar The parser, using the recursive descent syntax analysis method, has a wider expression range of syntax analysis rules; generates an abstract syntax tree AST during the query syntax analysis process, and obtains the query execution plan after query inspection and optimization;
C、空间处理对象查询语言在对象查询中嵌套符合结构化查询语言多媒体扩展框架SQL/MM规范的空间查询函数,查询语句经分布式查询执行引擎解析后,空间查询函数传递到后端具备空间拓展的关系数据库执行,查询语句通过数据服务对数据库提交查询检索,并将分布式查询结果聚合后返回给数据服务请求者。 C. Spatial processing object query language nests spatial query functions conforming to the SQL/MM specification of the structured query language multimedia extension framework in the object query. After the query statement is parsed by the distributed query execution engine, the spatial query function is passed to the backend to have the space The extended relational database is executed, and the query statement is submitted to the database through the data service for query retrieval, and the distributed query results are aggregated and returned to the data service requester.
其中,所述步骤A具体包括词法分析,抽象语法树生成,语法类型检查,查询逻辑优化和物理优化,查询计划生成的环节。 Wherein, the step A specifically includes lexical analysis, abstract syntax tree generation, grammar type checking, query logic optimization and physical optimization, and query plan generation.
本发明所提供的面向地理信息应用的空间数据服务化获取方法,具有以下优点: The spatial data service acquisition method oriented to geographic information applications provided by the present invention has the following advantages:
空间数据服务化的访问与获取方法以数据服务的方式为分布式存储的空间数据提供访问途径,给出空间数据服务发布以及空间数据服务整合的访问方法。空间数据服务化的访问与获取方法在空间数据服务的基础上进行拓展,通过增加空间函数和空间算子,支持空间服务化数据获取过程中的空间分析与查询操作。空间数据服务化的访问与获取方法有利于将分布式的空间数据资源进行整合,并在数据资源整合的基础上,定制进一步的空间数据处理操作的分析流程,供上层的空间分析处理服务所使用。 The access and acquisition method of spatial data service provides access to distributed storage spatial data in the form of data service, and provides access methods for spatial data service release and spatial data service integration. The access and acquisition methods of spatial data services are expanded on the basis of spatial data services, and spatial analysis and query operations in the process of spatial service data acquisition are supported by adding spatial functions and operators. The access and acquisition method of spatial data service is conducive to the integration of distributed spatial data resources, and on the basis of data resource integration, the analysis process of further spatial data processing operations can be customized for use by upper-level spatial analysis and processing services .
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为空间数据访问与获取的层次模型示意图; Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a hierarchical model of spatial data access and acquisition;
图2为本发明基于SQL/MM查询的空间数据访问与集成模型示意图; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of spatial data access and integration model based on SQL/MM query in the present invention;
图3为本发明空间数据服务化获取方法流程示意图。 Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for acquiring spatial data as a service according to the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图及本发明的实施例对本发明的方法作进一步详细的说明。 The method of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention.
图1为空间数据访问与获取的层次模型示意图;如图1所示,面向网格计算环境搭建定制的以服务为中心的模型架构,利用多协议绑定、本地与远端的通用性等服务特性,将不同层次上的计算与存储资源虚拟化,以跨越多个分布式节点进行资源的整合与协作。 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the hierarchical model of spatial data access and acquisition; as shown in Figure 1, a customized service-centric model architecture is built for the grid computing environment, and services such as multi-protocol binding and local and remote versatility are used. Features, virtualize computing and storage resources at different levels to integrate and collaborate across multiple distributed nodes.
空间数据访问与获取中间件将分布式的异构数据文件资源和关系数据库集成到网格环境中,遵循网络服务的标准消息格式,在服务端与客户端建立数据请求与响应的交互通道。在数据存取和更新功能之外,中间件支持通过自定义执行活动文档进行拓展,从而向数据服务中添加更多自定义活动来拓展面向服务的数据查询和更新操作。底层数据源及访问与集成中间件和上层数据服务的层次模型体现在图中。 Spatial data access and acquisition middleware integrates distributed heterogeneous data file resources and relational databases into the grid environment, follows the standard message format of network services, and establishes an interactive channel for data requests and responses between the server and the client. In addition to the data access and update functions, the middleware supports expansion through custom execution activity documents, so as to add more custom activities to the data service to expand service-oriented data query and update operations. The hierarchical model of underlying data source, access and integration middleware and upper layer data service is shown in the figure.
底层数据资源支持通用数据存储介质,包括关系型数据库、XML数据库和通用数据文件。建立在数据访问与集成中间件基础上的数据服务向上层提供数据资源获取接口,并通过WSRF或WSI形式的数据服务描述与客户端交互,响应客户端数据查询与访问请求。 The underlying data resources support general data storage media, including relational databases, XML databases and general data files. Data services based on data access and integration middleware provide data resource acquisition interfaces to the upper layer, interact with clients through data service descriptions in the form of WSRF or WSI, and respond to client data queries and access requests.
数据访问与集成中间件针对关系型数据库、文件等结构化数据资源提供可拓展编程框架,并在数据网格环境下为结构化资源实现对外服务访问接口,通过服务模式提供面向数据处理的工作流引擎,实现服务化的数据访问、更新、转换操作。 Data access and integration middleware provides an extensible programming framework for structured data resources such as relational databases and files, and implements external service access interfaces for structured resources in a data grid environment, and provides data processing-oriented workflows through service models The engine implements service-oriented data access, update, and conversion operations.
图2为本发明基于SQL/MM查询的空间数据访问与集成模型示意图;空间数据访问与获取中间件执行过程中的关键组件包含注册数据请求服务的数据服务注册器、负责数据服务生成的网格数据服务工厂以及对应数据资源的数据服务实例。在数据服务生成、注册与消费过程中,网格数据服务工厂(GDSF)是运行在服务容器中的持久性服务,根据接收到的请求来创建网格数据服务实例(GDS),并与特定数据源建立链接。数据访问与集成服务注册器(GDSR)用于注册和查找用户所需的网格数据服务,同样可查找创建网格数据服务的GDSF。数据处理执行文档定义用户获取的查询结果返回格式。响应文档通过GDS文档执行操作,为客户返回数据资源查询处理结果。网格数据服务GDS则与后端关系数据库、XML数据库、数据文件等数据资源实体建立链接并进行查询交互。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the spatial data access and integration model based on SQL/MM query in the present invention; the key components in the execution process of the spatial data access and acquisition middleware include a data service register for registering data request services, and a grid responsible for data service generation The data service factory and the data service instance of the corresponding data resource. In the process of data service generation, registration and consumption, the grid data service factory (GDSF) is a persistent service running in the service container, creates a grid data service instance (GDS) according to the received request, and source link. The Data Access and Integration Service Registrar (GDSR) is used to register and find the grid data service required by the user, and can also find the GDSF that creates the grid data service. The data processing execution document defines the query result return format obtained by the user. The response document executes operations through the GDS document and returns data resource query processing results for the client. The grid data service GDS establishes links with data resource entities such as back-end relational databases, XML databases, and data files, and performs query interactions.
在空间数据服务访问过程中,后端数据源被视为逻辑上的单一资源,数据访问与集成中间件屏蔽了分布式空间数据资源与服务交互的数据库驱动、数据格式和传输机制等细节。数据访问与集成中间件在针对通用数据源执行查询操作,实现网格环境下分布式异构地理空间数据的服务化发布。 In the process of spatial data service access, the back-end data source is regarded as a single logical resource, and the data access and integration middleware shields the details of the database driver, data format, and transmission mechanism for the interaction between distributed spatial data resources and services. The data access and integration middleware performs query operations on common data sources, and realizes the service release of distributed heterogeneous geospatial data in the grid environment.
面向空间数据服务的访问查询,需要在数据访问与集成中间件中配置空间数据源链接和相应的空间数据访问行为规则,以支持符合SQL/MM规范的空间数据对象查询操作以及查询过程中的空间分析处理函数调用。 For spatial data service-oriented access queries, it is necessary to configure spatial data source links and corresponding spatial data access behavior rules in the data access and integration middleware to support spatial data object query operations that conform to the SQL/MM specification and the spatial data during the query process Analyze processing function calls.
在空间数据访问与集成处理过程中,Activity(行为)是服务中间件的基本工作模块,每类行为负责完成一项特定的数据查询、转换、传输或相关处理任务。其中空间数据接口行为用于获取后端空间数据源的访问接口;空间数据访问和组织行为用来访问注册资源中的空间数据对象;空间数据写入行为负责向集成的数据源写入数据;空间数据转换行为负责数据传输格式之间的转换;输出数据传输行为负责将数据发送到远程数据接收装置;此外访问与集成中间件还具备管理控制行为。在空间数据访问与集成中间件内,数据服务通过符合SQL/MM规范的空间查询与后端数据库进行交互操作。 In the process of spatial data access and integration processing, Activity (behavior) is the basic working module of service middleware, and each type of behavior is responsible for completing a specific data query, conversion, transmission or related processing tasks. Among them, the spatial data interface behavior is used to obtain the access interface of the back-end spatial data source; the spatial data access and organization behavior is used to access the spatial data object in the registered resource; the spatial data write behavior is responsible for writing data to the integrated data source; the spatial The data conversion behavior is responsible for the conversion between data transmission formats; the output data transmission behavior is responsible for sending the data to the remote data receiving device; in addition, the access and integration middleware also has the management control behavior. In the spatial data access and integration middleware, the data service interacts with the back-end database through the spatial query conforming to the SQL/MM specification.
部署在服务容器下的数据访问与集成中间件,将异构空间数据源相对应的存取行为以数据服务形式在数据网格服务容器中发布。当接收到客户端的空间数据服务查询请求后,在数据服务注册器中将数据请求服务注册,并调用网格数据服务工厂GDSF创建新的数据服务GDS实例,SQL/MM空间查询经数据服务解析后,转递给后端具备空间拓展的数据库执行查询操作,并通过数据服务接口将空间数据检索结果返回给查询请求客户端。 The data access and integration middleware deployed under the service container publishes the access behaviors corresponding to heterogeneous spatial data sources in the data grid service container in the form of data services. After receiving the spatial data service query request from the client, register the data request service in the data service register, and call the grid data service factory GDSF to create a new data service GDS instance. After the SQL/MM spatial query is parsed by the data service , forward it to the backend database with spatial expansion to execute the query operation, and return the spatial data retrieval result to the query request client through the data service interface.
在访问与集成中间件协助下,后端空间数据源的数据组织形式和查询行为执行过程对服务调用客户端透明,数据源索引信息存放在访问与集成中间件哈希映射表中,中间件通过检索数据资源注册表获得资源使用信息,并根据客户端调用请求返回特定相应数据服务。 With the assistance of the access and integration middleware, the data organization form and query behavior execution process of the back-end spatial data source are transparent to the service calling client, and the data source index information is stored in the access and integration middleware hash mapping table, and the middleware passes Retrieve the data resource registry to obtain resource usage information, and return specific corresponding data services according to client call requests.
图3为本发明空间数据服务化获取方法的流程示意图,如图3所示,该方法包括如下步骤: Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the spatial data service acquisition method of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 3, the method includes the following steps:
步骤1:空间数据服务化的查询过程包含词法分析,抽象语法树生成,语法类型检查,查询逻辑优化和物理优化,查询计划生成等环节。在对空间数据服务化查询语句的解析中,根据查询语句语法的设计,为语法解析定义解析规则和查询处理脚本,解析器按照既定义的语法解析规则,记录拆分后查询语句所包含的标记、操作符和查询关键词。在查询语句语法解析规则描述上,参照扩展巴科斯范式(EBNF)的上下文无关文法的元语法符号表示方法,语法规则通过一组包含字符集、核心规则、序列分组方法、动作参数、取值范围、操作符优先级等约束内容的符号集序列进行描述。 Step 1: The query process of spatial data services includes lexical analysis, abstract syntax tree generation, syntax type checking, query logic optimization and physical optimization, and query plan generation. In the analysis of spatial data service query statements, according to the design of the query statement syntax, the analysis rules and query processing scripts are defined for the syntax analysis, and the parser records the tags contained in the split query statement according to the defined syntax analysis rules , operators, and query keywords. In the description of query syntax parsing rules, refer to the metagrammatical symbol representation method of the context-free grammar of Extended Backus-Naur Form (EBNF). , operator precedence and other constraints to describe the sequence of symbol sets.
步骤2:空间处理对象查询语言的解析规则定义后,借助ANTLR编译器构造程序实现针对特定语法的识别器(Recognizers)、编译器(Compiler)和转换器(Translators)。查询语句经过词法分析过程对标识符和查询关键词进行正确性检查并得到输出的Token字符流,字符流作为语法分析过程的输入元素,根据自定义规则进行上下文无关语法内容的分析,检验语义的逻辑规范符合性。空间对象查询语句借助编译器构造程序实现语法解析器,使用递归下降的语法分析方法,具备更为广泛的语法解析规则表达范围。在查询语法解析过程中生成抽象语法树(AST),经查询检查和优化环节,得到查询执行计划。 Step 2: After the parsing rules of the spatial processing object query language are defined, the Recognizers, Compilers and Translators for specific grammars are implemented with the aid of the ANTLR compiler construction program. The query statement checks the correctness of the identifier and query keywords through the lexical analysis process and obtains the output Token character stream. The character stream is used as the input element of the syntax analysis process, and the context-free grammar content is analyzed according to the custom rules to check the semantics. Logical specification compliance. The query statement of spatial object implements the syntax parser with the help of the compiler construction program, uses the recursive descent syntax analysis method, and has a wider expression range of syntax analysis rules. An Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) is generated during query syntax parsing, and the query execution plan is obtained through query inspection and optimization.
步骤3:空间处理对象查询语言在对象查询中嵌套符合结构化查询语言多媒体扩展框架(SQL/MM)规范的空间查询函数,查询语句经分布式查询执行引擎解析后,空间查询函数传递到后端具备空间拓展的关系数据库执行,查询语句通过数据服务对数据库提交查询检索,并将分布式查询结果聚合后返回给数据服务请求者。 Step 3: Spatial processing object query language nests spatial query functions conforming to the Structured Query Language Multimedia Extension Framework (SQL/MM) specification in the object query. After the query statement is parsed by the distributed query execution engine, the spatial query function is passed to the The terminal is executed by a relational database with space expansion. The query statement is submitted to the database through the data service for query retrieval, and the distributed query results are aggregated and returned to the data service requester.
空间数据服务化的访问与获取方法以数据服务的方式,为空间数据分布式查询提供访问途径,此方法便于为包含空间数据的遗留系统的多数据库集成访问提供途径。 The access and acquisition method of spatial data service provides an access path for distributed query of spatial data in the form of data service, and this method is convenient for providing a path for multi-database integrated access of legacy systems containing spatial data.
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。 The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
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