CN103061754A - Electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling system wireless remote receiving device and measuring method and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling system wireless remote receiving device and a measuring method and application of the electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling system wireless remote receiving device. The electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling system wireless remote receiving device comprises an antenna receiving array and a remote receiving unit which comprises a central processing unit, a control circuit, a wireless receiving and dispatching module and a power supply. The wireless receiving and dispatching module is connected with the central processing unit through the control circuit. The device is used for remotely receiving electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling system signals and used for receiving measurement signals in an electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling system. A digital signal processor (DSP) technology and an array signal processing technology are adopted to achieve suppression of well site noise. Through an array element with a reasonable layout, an advanced digital signal processing algorithm is matched to achieve remote receiving of weak electromagnetic signals, adaptive capacity, to different strata, of the electromagnetic wave measurement while drilling system is effectively improved, processing gain and receiving sensitivity are improved, and measuring depth is improved.

Description

A kind of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system and measuring method and application

Technical field

The invention belongs to a kind of measurement while-drilling instrument for mineral products, oil-gas resource exploration and development.Relate in particular to a kind of long-range reception of electromagnetic wave signal and the real-time fields of measurement of down-hole information of measurement-while-drilling system, belong to the ground installation of measurement-while-drilling system.

Background technology

Electromagnetic measurement while drilling (EM-MWD) system grows up gradually along with the development of the special wells such as under balance pressure drilling, gas drilling, and the appearance of this technology has solved traditional mud mwd system can not finely be finished the engineering survey demand in these complicated technology wells problem effectively.But since its have signaling rate high, need not circulating fluid just the transmission of data, the characteristics such as Measuring Time is short, cost is low, particularly the EM-MWD system is not subjected to the impact of drilling fluid medium basically, be not only applicable to the measurement while drilling in the conventional drilling liquid, but also be applicable in the drilling fluids such as gas, foam, atomizing, air, inflation, use, this is so that the electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system has vast potential for future development.

It is one of core apparatus of EM-MWD system that ground data receives with treating apparatus.At present, the EM-MWD system, its ground receiver mainly is to adopt the electromagnetic signal that carries down-hole information that detects between ground electrodes and derrick, distance is approximately about 100 meters between electrode and derrick.Its operating principle is: coupling transformer is responded to the faint electromagnetic signal that carries down-hole information, then by preamplifier, low pass filter etc. data are processed, adopt at last Digital Signal Processing to carrying the electromagnetic signal decoding of underground survey information, obtain down-hole information.Yet this receive mode is easy to be subject to the electromagnetic noise impact that the equipment such as the various electric fixturess in well site such as rig, diesel engine, generator, slush pump, driving chain, vibrosieve produce, so that EM-MWD system ground receiver is processed the performance serious degradation of low frequency electromagnetic signals, receiving sensitivity reduces greatly.

Invented electromagnetic signal and well site noise signal EM-MWD system that a kind of use two width of cloth antennas send under the received well respectively in the number of patent application 200810101407.8, its ground receiver has processes the electromagnetic signal function that carries measurement data information that the down-hole sends up.A kind of measurement while drilling telemetry system that can process the electromagnetic wave signal in the medium of invention among the number of patent application 200410005527.X.Invented in the number of patent application 201020298570.0 and a kind ofly picked up faint electromagnetic signal hard problem with solving aboveground measuring system.Above these patents all are to process faint electromagnetic signal under the electromagnetic interference environment of well site, still be easy in varying degrees be subjected to the well site electromagnetic noise interference, affect the ground receiver performance of the electromagnetic wave signal of EM-MWD, directly cause the EM-MWD system transmissions degree of depth low.And the present invention proposes method take Array Signal Processing as core, carry the faint electromagnetic wave signal of underground survey information with receiving antenna array mode reception ﹠ disposal, this device can reduce the well site noise effectively on the impact of receiving system, improves processing gain and the sensitivity of ground receiving wastewater facility.

As everyone knows, formation resistivity is restriction EM-MWD system transmissions degree of depth one of the main reasons.And the immediate cause of the degree of depth of formation resistivity impact transmission is, the impact of resistivity the decay of signal.The reason that EM-MWD system that Here it is can only transmit under layer resistivity condition definitely, formation resistivity is too low, and signal attenuation is serious, and the transmission degree of depth reduces; Formation resistivity is too large, and electromagnetic signal is difficult to inject the stratum, causes equally signal very little.From the signal analysis angle, under the constant condition of transmitting power, if can reduce the well site noise or improve processing gain by Array Signal Processing, can effectively increase the transmission degree of depth.At present, offshore company has proposed some adaptive approach, well site Noise Cancellation by Using for the well site noise, and these methods are all in the performance that has improved in varying degrees the EM-MWD system.Yet by taking full advantage of the characteristic of Array Signal Processing, the detection that solves the faint electromagnetic signal of EM-MWD system in conjunction with the well site Noise Cancellation by Using there is not yet pertinent literature and patent is mentioned.Accordingly, the invention provides a kind of ground receiver device of long-range electromagnetic measurement while drilling system, in the distance well site greater than the 500m place, adopt receiving antenna array to receive faint electromagnetic signal, and the method that adopts advanced Digital Signal Processing and Array Signal Processing realizes the faint electromagnetic wave signal of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system is decoded, thereby strengthen the EM-MWD system to the adaptive capacity of electromagnetic environment, improve the receiving sensitivity of ground receiver, expansion fathoms.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is in order to solve the technical problem that exists in the prior art, a kind of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system and measuring method and application have been researched and developed, adopt the method for advanced Digital Signal Processing and Array Signal Processing to realize the faint electromagnetic wave signal of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system is decoded, thereby strengthen the EM-MWD system to the adaptive capacity of electromagnetic environment, improve the receiving sensitivity of ground receiver, expansion fathoms.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system, described device comprises receiving antenna array and long-range receiving element;

Described receiving antenna array comprises one group of bay, and each bay is connected with described long-range receiving element after connecting; Each bay comprises one group of sensor, and in parallel between described each sensor;

Described long-range receiving element comprises CPU, control circuit, radio receiving transmitting module and power supply; Described radio receiving transmitting module is connected with CPU by control circuit;

Described receiving antenna array is transferred to radio receiving transmitting module in the described long-range receiving element with the measuring-signal that receives; Described CPU and described wireless receiving module carry out data interaction, and measuring-signal is detected, and decoding and data are processed, data transmission after will processing by described wireless receiving module more afterwards.

For the faint electromagnetic wave signal in down-hole is effectively gathered, described long-range receiving element comprises immunity module, is used for the faint electromagnetic wave signal of down-hole is nursed one's health; Described immunity module comprises: coupling transformer, low-noise preamplifier and low noise bandpass filter; Described coupling transformer is for reducing the interference of external magnetic field to signal; Described preamplifier is used for amplifying downhole electromagnetic ripple signal; Described bandpass filter is used for filtering, eliminates noise; Described coupling transformer, preamplifier and bandpass filter are electrically connected successively, and all are connected with described CPU;

The scope 0.1-2000Hz of the frequency band of described amplifier magnification ratio scope 1-100000, bandpass filter.

In concrete the application, described receiving antenna array is used for electromagnetic wave signal under the received well; Adopt linear array to connect between described each reception antenna array element, be connected with described long-range receiving element after each reception antenna array element is connected in parallel; And each reception antenna array element is linear to be connected, and is combined to form linear array;

The array element distance of each reception antenna array element and the signal frequency of actual transmission, well site noise intensity are relevant.The signal frequency of actual transmission is 1-500Hz, the distance range 1-100 rice of the setting between described each reception antenna array element.

Described CPU comprises and contains 12,14, even the dsp processor of high-precision A/D more, or general dsp and high-precision A/D; Described control circuit comprises communication data bus interface and control drive circuit; Described communication data bus and described radio receiving transmitting module carry out data interaction, and signal is inputted dsp processor, and described dsp processor carries out data to downhole electromagnetic ripple signal to be processed, and decoding and data are processed; After the compressed encryption of data-signal after the processing, be transferred to described radio receiving transmitting module by described communication data bus again and launch.

The array signal modulate circuit is one of core of long-range receiving system.Described circuit comprises that high accuracy, low noise have the preamplifier of automatic gain, high accuracy, low noise and have the adjustable wave filter of bandwidth.Described circuit is used for processing the signal that receives from array element.

Concrete, place the well site receiver in the instrument shelter of well site, be used for the transmitter trigger instruction, and receive the measuring-signal of being launched by described radio receiving transmitting module; Described long-range receiving system is arranged on apart from 500-3000 rice, well site, the array element distance 1-100m of receiving antenna array; Frequency range 0.1～the 1000Hz of long-range receiving system collection signal, observation sensitivity is-120dB μ V.

Another inventive point of the present invention is to carry out wireless remote according to described device to receive the method for measuring, and described long-range reception and measuring method comprise the steps:

(1) instruction of described long-range receiving system received well field receiver starts long-range receiving system;

(2) long-range receiving system carries out the configuration of equipment and instrument according to instruction, then gathers, processes, decoding and enciphered data; Described configuration parameter comprises: the multiplication factor of instrument, filter parameter, acquisition channel number, array number and array element distance etc.

(3) decoded data communication device is crossed described radio receiving transmitting module and is sent to the interior well site receiver of instrument shelter.

Described method comprises carries out treatment step to measuring-signal:

If array element is numbered 1#, 2#.....N#, equidistantly array element distance is d, and the transmitter carrier frequency is ω, and wavelength is λ, spread speed v, and then signal arrival 2# array element is τ than the propagation time delay of 1# array element, the delay distance is u, then postpones between adjacent array element to be

Suppose that received signal is X (t), useful electromagnetic signal s (t), noise n (t) then has

X(t)＝S(t)+n(t) (9)

Wherein:

$X\left(t\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}{x}_1\left(t\right)\\ x_2\left(t\right)\\ \·\\ \·\\ \·\\ x_N\left(t\right)\end{array}\right],0\≤t\≤T---\left(10\right)$

$S\left(t\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}{s}_1\left(t\right)\\ s_2\left(t\right)\\ \·\\ \·\\ \·\\ s_N\left(t\right)\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c}s(t-\mathrm{\τ})\\ s(t-2\mathrm{\τ})\\ \·\\ \·\\ \·\\ s(t-(N-1)\mathrm{\τ})\end{array}\right],0\≤t\≤T---\left(11\right)$

$n\left(t\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}{n}_1\left(t\right)\\ n_2\left(t\right)\\ \·\\ \·\\ \·\\ n_N\left(t\right)\end{array}\right],0\≤t\≤T---\left(12\right)$

The overall response of the signal that then observes is

$X\left(t\right)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}s\left(t\right)e^{j(i-1)\mathrm{\ψ}}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{n}_i\left(t\right)---\left(13\right)$

The response directional diagram of battle array is:

$A\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{e}^{j(i-1)\mathrm{\ψ}}---\left(14\right)$

Wherein,

λ ₀Wavelength corresponding to centre frequency of x (t);

The application of installation that the present invention researches and develops is (EM-MWD) in electromagnetic measurement while drilling system.

Faint Digital Signal Processing among the present invention, Digital Signal Processing are the cores of the long-range reception of measurement while drilling electromagnetic wave system.This device hardware circuit adopts the dsp processor with digital signal processing function, selecting general hardware platform is support, advanced person's digital signal processing algorithm is realized the functions such as detection, reception, decoding, encryption and communication of faint electromagnetic signal with software programming, simplify circuit design, and possessed following advantage:

1. hardware platform is general, can realize flexibly various functions.Can develop different software and adapt to different electromagnetic environments, can realize easily improvement and the upgrading of receiving system function.

2. because the remote ground receiving system receives mainly is faint electromagnetic signal, the detection of small-signal, processing, decoding algorithm realize by software, can be easily, the parameter of online modification algorithm, improve the antijamming capability of system.

3. system's improvement and upgrading mainly are to realize by software maintenance, can follow the tracks of quickly turn of the market like this, satisfy new instructions for use, save cost.

In a word, this remote receiver device adopts the small-signal treatment technology, has effectively improved the adaptive capacity of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system to different electromagnetic environments

Adaptive array signal treatment technology among the present invention according to parameters such as emitter tranmitting frequency, array element distance, delays, can be laid suitable receiving antenna array.From the viewpoint of signal analysis, exist following different between the electromagnetic signal that contains down-hole information that receives and the disturbing wave: the spectrum of (1) carrier signal is different from noise spectrum; (2) statistical law is different.Thereby therefore can adopt Digital Signal Processing such as the signal addition method, time-frequency filter method etc. effectively to reduce noise, improve processing gain and receiving sensitivity.

Radio receiving transmitting module among the present invention mainly is agreement reception control instruction according to the rules and send survey data.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system long distance wireless receiving system figure of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the module map of radio receiving unit among the present invention

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of receiving antenna array among the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the arrangement diagram of receiving antenna array among the present invention;

Fig. 5 is that measuring-signal moves towards figure among the present invention;

1-well site receiver; The long-range receiving element of 2-; The 3-receiving antenna array; 4-down-hole emitter;

The 5-coupling transformer; The 6-preamplifier; The 7-low pass filter; The 8-DSP processor.

A-1 array element; B-2 array element; N-N array element.

The specific embodiment

The invention provides a kind of remote ground receiver apparatus and corresponding processing method of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system, be used in real time reception of electromagnetic measurement while drilling system and carry the underground survey data.

EM-MWD system remote radio receiver is comprised of DSP circuit, preamplifier, bandpass filter, coupling transformer, radio receiving transmitting module, supplementary module, receiving antenna array, power supply.

(1) receiving antenna array

Reception carries the electromagnetic signal of down-hole information.The purpose of Array Design is in order to improve to greatest extent the signal to noise ratio of receive data.In actual implementation process, need to arrange suitably and selective reception point and mutual alignment thereof.Adopt linear array rather than face battle array, avoided the complexity of debugging, reduced cost.As shown in Figure 1.

(2) DSP circuit

Be the control core of remote receiver device, formed by DSP, communication bus interface, control drive circuit, finish following work:

1. carry out exchanges data by communication bus and radio receiving transmitting module, receive control instruction;

2. by preliminary treatment and the detection of arithmetic programming realization to faint electromagnetic signal, adopt advanced digital signal processing method realization that detection, decoding and the data of signal are processed;

3. utilize dsp program to realize compression, the encryption of signal, transmit by wireless transmitter.

(3) coupling transformer

Mainly be that purpose is effectively to reduce external magnetic field to the interference of signal, improves CMRR, improves the antijamming capability of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system by ground isolation and the coupling electromagnetic wave signal from the down-hole;

(4) preamplifier

Faint electromagnetic wave signal from the down-hole is carried out preliminary treatment;

(5) bandpass filter

To the signal from preamplifier, carry out filtering and process, eliminate power frequency 50Hz noise, simultaneously the well site noise is processed;

(6) radio receiving transmitting module

Receive control instruction, send the survey data of encrypting;

(7) power supply

For the power supply of remote receiver device, adopt the high-energy battery group.

Shown in Figure 4, suppose that the receiving antenna array of receiving system is by the antenna array of N array element, as shown in Figure 1.

Array element is numbered 1#, 2#.....N#, and equidistantly array element distance is d, and the transmitter carrier frequency is ω, and wavelength is λ, spread speed v, and then signal arrival 2# array element is τ than the propagation time delay of 1# array element, the delay distance is u, then postpones between adjacent array element to be

Suppose that received signal is X (t), useful electromagnetic signal s (t), noise n (t) then has

X(t)＝S(t)+n(t) (16)

Wherein:

$X\left(t\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}{x}_1\left(t\right)\\ x_2\left(t\right)\\ \·\\ \·\\ \·\\ x_N\left(t\right)\end{array}\right],0\≤t\≤T---\left(17\right)$

$S\left(t\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}{s}_1\left(t\right)\\ s_2\left(t\right)\\ \·\\ \·\\ \·\\ s_N\left(t\right)\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c}s(t-\mathrm{\τ})\\ s(t-2\mathrm{\τ})\\ \·\\ \·\\ \·\\ s(t-(N-1)\mathrm{\τ})\end{array}\right],0\≤t\≤T---\left(18\right)$

$n\left(t\right)=\left[\begin{array}{c}{n}_1\left(t\right)\\ n_2\left(t\right)\\ \·\\ \·\\ \·\\ n_N\left(t\right)\end{array}\right],0\≤t\≤T---\left(19\right)$

The overall response of the signal that then observes is

$X\left(t\right)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}s\left(t\right)e^{j(i-1)\mathrm{\ψ}}+\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{n}_i\left(t\right)---\left(20\right)$

The response directional diagram of battle array is:

$A\left(\mathrm{\θ}\right)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{e}^{j(i-1)\mathrm{\ψ}}---\left(21\right)$

Wherein,

λ ₀Wavelength corresponding to centre frequency of x (t).

Claims (8)

1. an electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system is characterized in that, described device comprises receiving antenna array and long-range receiving element;

Described receiving antenna array comprises one group of bay, and each bay is connected with described long-range receiving element after connecting; Each bay comprises one group of sensor, and in parallel between described each sensor;

Described long-range receiving element comprises CPU, control circuit, radio receiving transmitting module and power supply; Described radio receiving transmitting module is connected with CPU by control circuit;

Described receiving antenna array is transferred to radio receiving transmitting module in the described long-range receiving element with the measuring-signal that receives; Described CPU and described wireless receiving module carry out data interaction, and measuring-signal is detected, and decoding and data are processed, data transmission after will processing by described wireless receiving module more afterwards.

2. a kind of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Described long-range receiving element comprises immunity module, is used for the faint electromagnetic wave signal of down-hole is nursed one's health; Described immunity module comprises: coupling transformer, preamplifier and bandpass filter; Described coupling transformer is for reducing the interference of external magnetic field to signal; Described preamplifier is used for amplifying downhole electromagnetic ripple signal; Described bandpass filter is used for filtering, eliminates noise; Described coupling transformer, preamplifier and bandpass filter are electrically connected successively, and all are connected with described CPU.

3. a kind of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system according to claim 2 is characterized in that,

Described amplifier magnification ratio scope 1-100000, the scope 0.1-2000Hz of the frequency band of bandpass filter.

4. a kind of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Described receiving antenna array is used for electromagnetic wave signal under the received well; Adopt linear array to connect between described each bay, be connected with described long-range receiving element after each bay is connected in parallel; And each bay is linear to be connected, and is combined to form linear array;

The signal frequency of each bay emission is 1-500Hz; The distance range 1-100 rice of the setting between described each reception antenna array element.

5. a kind of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

Described CPU comprises the dsp processor that contains 12 or 14 high-precision A/D; Described control circuit comprises communication data bus interface and control drive circuit; Described communication data bus and described radio receiving transmitting module carry out data interaction, and signal is inputted dsp processor, and described dsp processor carries out data to downhole electromagnetic ripple signal to be processed, and decoding and data are processed; After the compressed encryption of data-signal after the processing, be transferred to described radio receiving transmitting module by described communication data bus again and launch.

6. one of according to claim 1-5 described a kind of electromagnetic wave while-drilling measuring system wireless remote receiving system is characterized in that,

Place the well site receiver in the instrument shelter of well site, be used for the transmitter trigger instruction, and receive the measuring-signal of being launched by described radio receiving transmitting module; Described long-range receiving system is arranged on apart from 500-3000 rice, well site, the array element distance 1-100m of antenna array; Frequency range 0.1～the 1000Hz of long-range receiving system collection signal, observation sensitivity is-120dB μ V.

7. device according to claim 1-6 carries out wireless remote and receives the method for measuring, and it is characterized in that:

Described long-range reception and measuring method comprise the steps:

(1) instruction of described long-range receiving system received well field receiver starts long-range receiving system;

(2) long-range receiving system carries out the configuration of equipment and instrument according to instruction, then gathers, processes, decoding and enciphered data; Described configuration parameter comprises: the multiplication factor of instrument, filter parameter, acquisition channel number, array number and array element distance;

(3) decoded data communication device is crossed described radio receiving transmitting module and is sent to the interior well site receiver of instrument shelter.

8. wireless remote according to claim 7 receives the method for measuring, and it is characterized in that:

Described method comprises carries out treatment step to measuring-signal:

If array element is numbered 1#, 2#.....N#, equidistantly array element distance is d, and the transmitter carrier frequency is ω, and wavelength is λ, spread speed v, and then signal arrival 2# array element is τ than the propagation time delay of 1# array element, the delay distance is u, then postpones between adjacent array element to be

Suppose that received signal is X (t), useful electromagnetic signal s (t), noise n (t) then has

X(t)＝S(t)+n(t) (2)

Wherein:

The overall response of the signal that then observes is

The response directional diagram of battle array is:

Wherein,

λ ₀Wavelength corresponding to centre frequency of x (t);

9. application rights requires the described wireless remote of 1-6 to receive the method for measurement mechanism, and described application of installation is (EM-MWD) in electromagnetic measurement while drilling system.

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