CN103057059B - Injection molding device and injection molding method of online mixing and preparing high-performance microcellular foaming plastic - Google Patents
Injection molding device and injection molding method of online mixing and preparing high-performance microcellular foaming plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN103057059B CN103057059B CN201210560948.3A CN201210560948A CN103057059B CN 103057059 B CN103057059 B CN 103057059B CN 201210560948 A CN201210560948 A CN 201210560948A CN 103057059 B CN103057059 B CN 103057059B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
- B29C48/385—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using two or more serially arranged screws in separate barrels
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- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an injection molding device and an injection molding method of online mixing and preparing high-performance microcellular foaming plastic. The device comprises an extrusion foaming unit, a supercritical fluid transportation unit and an injection foaming unit. A constant temperature box and a granulator are arranged at the output end of the extrusion foaming unit. A discharge port of the granulator is connected with the injection foaming unit. The supercritical fluid transportation unit is respectively connected with the extrusion foaming unit and the injection foaming unit through pipelines. The outlet end of the injection foaming unit is connected with a mold cavity. The method is that materials and supercritical fluid are plasticized, fused, mixed and extruded inside the extrusion foaming unit, strip-shaped stuff is formed after initial foaming, cooled and set, and then granulation is carried out by the granulator to form polymer foaming granules with high entrapped air. The polymer foaming granules are sent into the injection foaming unit and plasticized, fused and mixed with the supercritical fluid, then injected into the mold cavity to carry out second foaming, and the high-performance foaming product is formed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microcellular plastics forming technique, particularly a kind of Coinjection molding apparatus of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics and method.
Background technology
Cellular plastic refers to that cell diameter is at 0.1 ~ 10 μm, and cell density is 10
9~ 10
15individual/cm
3novel foamed plastic, have the advantages that quality is light, specific strength is high, have simultaneously the ability of good absorption shock loading, can heat-insulation and heat-preservation sound insulation buffering, insulation, the advantage such as anticorrosion.
The principle of microporous foam injection mo(u)lding is fusion plastification resin under predetermined back pressure, quantitatively supercritical nitrogen or carbon dioxide is injected in molten resin, homogeneous phase solution is formed after mixing further, spreading, and before entering mold cavity, keeping this state, injection enters into die cavity, by the thermodynamic phase in injection process, form a large amount of nuclei of bubbles instantaneously, in filling and cooling procedure, bubble parameters is also fixed, and obtains microporous foam goods.Microporous foam injection mo(u)lding can significantly improve product's dimensional precision and stability, effectively shortens the molding cycle of thin-gage goods, enhances productivity, and can also reduce the viscosity of polymer melt simultaneously, improves the mobility of melt.Adopt the injection-molded item of this technology to be applied to many industrial circles, comprise the industries such as automobile, medicine, electronics, packaging for foodstuff.
But formed in the committed step of single homogeneous system at supercritical fluid and polymer melt, in existing short period microporous foam injection molding cycle, its mixed effect is unsatisfactory.Supercritical nitrogen or carbon dioxide well cannot be dispersed in polymer melt, just be difficult to the Foamed article obtaining ideal structure and performance.Due to the complexity that injection molding technique is intrinsic, the product that microporous foam injection moulding obtains often pore size differs, and cell density is unstable, makes the properties of foaming sample cannot meet the requirement of industrial uniformity, stability and reliability.In addition, in practical application, single material is often difficult to the requirement reaching combination property indices, thus filling-modified the and blend modification technology of many employings.Problem of phase separation in the inorganic fill particle dispersion problem brought thus and heterogeneous system is also a challenge difficult problem for micropore injection moulding foaming application.Therefore, how at short notice (i.e. an injection moulding cycle) polymer melt is efficiently mixed with supercritical fluid, strengthen the interface interaction of heterogeneous system and the dispersion effect of particle filled composite simultaneously, thus obtain the high-performance products of even structure, the difficult problem remaining microcellular injection molding development and apply.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of gas to melt good mixing effect, can effectively improve the Coinjection molding apparatus of the online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics of the continous way of foaming product performance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of injection moulding method of the online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics realized by said apparatus.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Coinjection molding apparatus of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics; comprise extrusion foaming unit, supercritical fluid delivery unit and foam-injection unit; the output of extrusion foaming unit sets gradually insulating box and pelleter; the discharging opening of pelleter is connected with the feed end of foam-injection unit; the fluid outlet of supercritical fluid delivery unit is connected with extrusion foaming unit and foam-injection unit respectively by pipeline, and the port of export of foam-injection unit is connected with mold cavity.
Described extrusion foaming unit is single screw extrusion machine, comprise extrusion screw rod, extrude barrel, extruder head, extrude hopper and extrusion screw rod actuating unit, extrusion screw rod is located at and is extruded in barrel, extruder head and extrusion screw rod actuating unit are respectively equipped with the two ends of extrusion screw rod, extrude the feed end that extrusion screw rod is located at by hopper; Extrude barrel and be provided with the first supercritical fluid entrance, the first supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit by pipeline.Wherein, extrusion screw rod actuating unit is for driving extrusion screw rod work, material is from extruding after hopper enters and extrude barrel, along with the rotation of extrusion screw rod plastifies, form melt, in this process, supercritical fluid from supercritical fluid delivery unit enters simultaneously to be extruded in barrel, supercritical fluid mixes with fused materials, then through the release of pressure of extruder head, foaming and sizing, extrudes and delivers to insulating box.
In order to make supercritical fluid and melt mixed more abundant, described in extrude on barrel and can be distributed with multiple first supercritical fluid entrance, each first supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit respectively by pipeline.
Described foam-injection unit is microcellular injection molding machine, comprise injection screw, injection barrel, injection nozzle, injection hopper and injection screw actuating unit, injection screw is located in injection barrel, injection screw two ends are located at respectively by injection nozzle and injection screw actuating unit, and the feed end of injection screw is located at by injection hopper; Injection barrel is provided with the second supercritical fluid entrance, and the second supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit by pipeline.Wherein, injection screw actuating unit is for driving injection screw work, after polymer foaming pellet enters injection barrel from injection hopper, along with the rotation of injection screw plastifies, form gassiness melt, in this process, supercritical fluid from supercritical fluid delivery unit enters in injection barrel simultaneously, supercritical fluid mixes with fused materials, then injects mold cavity through injection nozzle, in mold cavity, obtains foaming product after cooling and shaping.
In order to make supercritical fluid and melt mixed more abundant, described injection barrel can be distributed with multiple supercritical fluid entrance, and each second supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit respectively by pipeline.
Described shooting flow body unit comprises gas bomb, Pressure gauge, coolant circulation pump and high-pressure metering pump, and gas bomb, Pressure gauge, coolant circulation pump are connected by pipeline successively with high-pressure metering pump, and pipe end is fluid outlet; The pipeline that fluid outlet is connected with extrusion foaming unit and foam-injection unit is provided with high-pressure solenoid valve, and the pipeline between Pressure gauge and coolant circulation pump is provided with high pressure valve.
The present invention realizes a kind of injection moulding method of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics by said apparatus, in extrusion foaming unit, material and from supercritical fluid delivery unit supercritical fluid plastifying fusion mixing extrude, first foaming forms bar, and by insulating box cooling and shaping, then carry out granulation by pelleter, form the polymer foaming pellet of high air content; Polymer foaming pellet is sent into foam-injection unit, and polymer foaming pellet and the supercritical fluid plastifying fusion from supercritical fluid delivery unit mix, and then carry out second time of foaming to mold cavity injection, form high-performance foaming product.The method is not only applicable to the high-performance foaming product preparing single polymers, is applicable to prepare high performance polymer base composite material foaming product that is filling-modified and blending and modifying yet.
The present invention, relative to prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) foaming granule material of the present invention owing to taking online compounding continous way extrusion foaming obtained, material is made fully to form microcellular structure before entering microporous foam injection moulding machine, comprise certain gas flow, improve the compound effects of supercritical fluid and polymer to a certain extent, can make that nitrogen or carbon dioxide are more to be better dispersed in polymeric matrix, improve gas solubility in the polymer with this, improve the quality and performance of goods.
(2) foaming granule material obtained is entered injection molding for microcellular process by coordinated type process of the present invention immediately, effectively prevent the gas escape problem of traditional prefoam method after polymeric foamable material places a period of time.
(3) for composite, particularly the scattering problem of nano based composite is always a difficult problem recognized within the industry, the injection moulding method of this online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics is adopted to contribute to the dispersion of nano particle in final injection molded article, because the gas growth process in foaming process can think a kind of expansion process of multidimensional axial tension, this expansion process under minute yardstick greatly can improve blended phase and fill the dispersion of enhancing system.
(4) supercritical fluid that the gas comprised in polymeric aggregate and polymer melt and adaptability supplement effectively mixes by the shear action of microporous foam injection moulding machine, efficiently solve prior art mixed effect undesirable, supercritical nitrogen or carbon dioxide cannot be made better to be dispersed in problem in polymeric matrix, contribute to improving foaming structure simultaneously and obtain optimum high performance foamed plastic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Coinjection molding apparatus of this online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment
The Coinjection molding apparatus of a kind of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics of the present embodiment; as shown in Figure 1; comprise extrusion foaming unit, supercritical fluid delivery unit and foam-injection unit; the output of extrusion foaming unit sets gradually insulating box 1 and pelleter 2; the discharging opening of pelleter is connected with the feed end of foam-injection unit; the fluid outlet of supercritical fluid delivery unit is connected with extrusion foaming unit and foam-injection unit respectively by pipeline, and the port of export of foam-injection unit is connected with mold cavity 3.
Extrusion foaming unit is single screw extrusion machine, comprise extrusion screw rod 4, extrude barrel 5, extruder head 6, extrude hopper 7 and extrusion screw rod actuating unit 8, extrusion screw rod is located at and is extruded in barrel, extruder head and extrusion screw rod actuating unit are respectively equipped with the two ends of extrusion screw rod, extrude the feed end that extrusion screw rod is located at by hopper; Extrude barrel and be provided with the first supercritical fluid entrance, the first supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit by pipeline.Wherein, extrusion screw rod actuating unit is for driving extrusion screw rod work, material is from extruding after hopper enters and extrude barrel, along with the rotation of extrusion screw rod plastifies, form melt, in this process, supercritical fluid from supercritical fluid delivery unit enters simultaneously to be extruded in barrel, supercritical fluid mixes with fused materials, then through the release of pressure of extruder head, foaming and sizing, extrudes and delivers to insulating box.
In order to make supercritical fluid and melt mixed more abundant, extrude on barrel and also can be distributed with multiple first supercritical fluid entrance, each first supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit respectively by pipeline.
Foam-injection unit is microcellular injection molding machine, comprise injection screw 9, injection barrel 10, injection nozzle 11, injection hopper 12 and injection screw actuating unit 13, injection screw is located in injection barrel, injection screw two ends are located at respectively by injection nozzle and injection screw actuating unit, and the feed end of injection screw is located at by injection hopper; Injection barrel is provided with the second supercritical fluid entrance, and the second supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit by pipeline.Wherein, injection screw actuating unit is for driving injection screw work, after polymer foaming pellet enters injection barrel from injection hopper, along with the rotation of injection screw plastifies, form melt, in this process, supercritical fluid from supercritical fluid delivery unit enters in injection barrel simultaneously, supercritical fluid mixes with fused materials, is then injected into mold cavity through injection nozzle, magnifies also cooling and shaping and obtain foaming product in mold cavity.
In order to make supercritical fluid and melt mixed more abundant, injection barrel also can be distributed with multiple supercritical fluid entrance, and each second supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit respectively by pipeline.
Shooting flow body unit comprises gas bomb 14, Pressure gauge 15, coolant circulation pump 17 and high-pressure metering pump 18, and gas bomb, Pressure gauge, coolant circulation pump are connected by pipeline successively with high-pressure metering pump, and pipe end is fluid outlet; The pipeline that fluid outlet is connected with extrusion foaming unit and foam-injection unit is provided with high-pressure solenoid valve 19, and the pipeline between Pressure gauge and coolant circulation pump is provided with high pressure valve 16.
The present embodiment realizes a kind of injection moulding method of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics by said apparatus, in extrusion foaming unit, material and from supercritical fluid delivery unit supercritical fluid plastifying fusion mixing extrude, first foaming forms bar, and by insulating box cooling and shaping, then carry out granulation by pelleter, form the polymer foaming pellet of high air content; Polymer foaming pellet is sent into foam-injection unit, and polymer foaming pellet and the supercritical fluid plastifying fusion from supercritical fluid delivery unit mix, and then carry out second time of foaming to mold cavity injection, form high-performance foaming product.The method is not only applicable to the high-performance foaming product preparing single polymers, is applicable to prepare high performance polymer base composite material foaming product that is filling-modified and blending and modifying yet.
Its detailed process is: in extrusion foaming unit, material enters extrude barrel by extruding hopper, along with fusion plastification is carried out in the rotation of extrusion screw rod, the high-pressure solenoid valve connecting and extrude on the pipeline of barrel is opened after stable process conditions to be extruded, air feed by supercritical fluid delivery unit, fused materials and gas Homogeneous phase mixing push extrusion screw rod front end under the shearing plastication of extrusion screw rod, the polymer melt formed and the single homogeneous system of gas are through the release of pressure of extruder head, foaming and sizing, and after the insulating box of controllable adjustment chilling temperature, enter pelleter, now obtain that there is specific foaming structure and expansion density, and comprise the polymer foaming pellet of certain tolerance.In foam-injection unit, pellet to be foamed injection hopper in store up a certain amount of after, start microcellular injection molding machine, the air inflow in injection barrel is regulated by the high-pressure solenoid valve on the pipeline of control connection injection barrel, the gas squeezing into injection barrel that the polymer melt and adaptability that comprise certain tolerance supplement by the shearing plastication of injection screw is mixed into uniform single_phase system again, accumulate in the melt of injection screw front end with certain injection speed, injection pressure and injection volume are driven in mold cavity, because pressure discharges suddenly the huge unstability of the thermodynamics brought, thus cause cell nucleation, eventually pass in mould that to obtain aperture after cooling and shaping relatively uniform, the foaming product that cell density is stable.The homogeneity of structure and stability make the performance of injected articles greatly improve.
As mentioned above, just can realize the present invention preferably, above-described embodiment is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not used for limiting practical range of the present invention; Namely all equalizations done according to content of the present invention change and modify, all by the claims in the present invention scope required for protection is contained.
Claims (5)
1. the Coinjection molding apparatus of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics, it is characterized in that, comprise extrusion foaming unit, supercritical fluid delivery unit and foam-injection unit, the output of extrusion foaming unit sets gradually insulating box and pelleter, the discharging opening of pelleter is connected with the feed end of foam-injection unit, the fluid outlet of supercritical fluid delivery unit is connected with extrusion foaming unit and foam-injection unit respectively by pipeline, and the port of export of foam-injection unit is connected with mold cavity;
Described extrusion foaming unit is single screw extrusion machine, comprise extrusion screw rod, extrude barrel, extruder head, extrude hopper and extrusion screw rod actuating unit, extrusion screw rod is located at and is extruded in barrel, extruder head and extrusion screw rod actuating unit are respectively equipped with the two ends of extrusion screw rod, extrude the feed end that extrusion screw rod is located at by hopper; Extrude barrel and be provided with the first supercritical fluid entrance, the first supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit by pipeline;
Described foam-injection unit is microcellular injection molding machine, comprise injection screw, injection barrel, injection nozzle, injection hopper and injection screw actuating unit, injection screw is located in injection barrel, injection screw two ends are located at respectively by injection nozzle and injection screw actuating unit, and the feed end of injection screw is located at by injection hopper; Injection barrel is provided with the second supercritical fluid entrance, and the second supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit by pipeline.
2. the Coinjection molding apparatus of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described extruding on barrel is distributed with multiple first supercritical fluid entrance, and each first supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit respectively by pipeline.
3. the Coinjection molding apparatus of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described injection barrel is distributed with multiple supercritical fluid entrance, and each second supercritical fluid porch is connected with supercritical fluid delivery unit respectively by pipeline.
4. the Coinjection molding apparatus of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shooting flow body unit comprises gas bomb, Pressure gauge, coolant circulation pump and high-pressure metering pump, gas bomb, Pressure gauge, coolant circulation pump are connected by pipeline successively with high-pressure metering pump, and pipe end is fluid outlet; The pipeline that fluid outlet is connected with extrusion foaming unit and foam-injection unit is provided with high-pressure solenoid valve, and the pipeline between Pressure gauge and coolant circulation pump is provided with high pressure valve.
5. according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, device realizes a kind of injection moulding method of online compounding preparation high-performance microcellular plastics, it is characterized in that, in extrusion foaming unit, material and from supercritical fluid delivery unit supercritical fluid plastifying fusion mixing extrude, first foaming forms bar, and by insulating box cooling and shaping, then carry out granulation by pelleter, form the polymer foaming pellet of high air content; Polymer foaming pellet is sent into foam-injection unit, and polymer foaming pellet and the supercritical fluid plastifying fusion from supercritical fluid delivery unit mix, and then carry out second time of foaming to mold cavity injection, form high-performance foaming product.
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| CN103350510B (en) * | 2013-07-04 | 2015-07-22 | 浙江海虹控股集团有限公司 | Equipment and method for preparing polymer supercritical foaming material |
| EP2883781A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-17 | Sika Technology AG | Lightweight baffle or reinforcement element and method for producing such a lightweight baffle or reinforcement element |
| CN104057549B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-05-18 | 丹阳市伟鹤祥线缆制造有限公司 | A kind of plasticizing machine of producing the crosslinked line production use of Halogen |
| CN104085073B (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2017-02-01 | 华南理工大学 | Apparatus and method for extrusion moulding of supercutical-fluid micropore plastic |
| CN105479695B (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2018-04-06 | 贵州省材料产业技术研究院 | A kind of adapted to injection system for chemical blowing |
| CN107856322A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-30 | 中南大学 | In-situ polymerization injection molding apparatus |
| CN109760257A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-05-17 | 宁波帅特龙集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of long fiber reinforcement polyvinyl chloride microporous foam product |
| CN109824969A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-31 | 广东浮动全球智能科技有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional integrated foaming life jacket and its processing unit (plant) and processing method |
| WO2021068100A1 (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-04-15 | 加久企业股份有限公司 | Manufacturing process of hollow elastomer |
| CN112224566B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-01-18 | 原言(广州)科技有限公司 | Polyurethane foaming packaging equipment for household appliance packaging |
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| MY118653A (en) * | 1998-07-16 | 2004-12-31 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | Addition method of supercritical carbon dioxide, and production process of expanded thermoplastic resin product by making use of the addition method. |
| AU1814600A (en) * | 1998-11-04 | 2000-05-22 | Trexel, Inc. | Molded polymeric material including microcellular, injection-molded, and low-density polymeric material |
| US6322347B1 (en) * | 1999-04-02 | 2001-11-27 | Trexel, Inc. | Methods for manufacturing foam material including systems with pressure restriction element |
| CN200945698Y (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2007-09-12 | 乌鲁木齐德美隆塑化有限公司 | Micro foaming double-cylinder injection machine |
| CN200939682Y (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2007-08-29 | 华南理工大学 | Super-critical fluid auxilary micro-porous injection apparatus |
| CN101565550B (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2011-02-09 | 北京中拓机械有限责任公司 | Nucleating agent master batches used for foaming of thermoplastic resin and its manufacture method |
| CN101879768A (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2010-11-10 | 联塑(杭州)机械有限公司 | Formation method of polymer foaming articles |
| CN203077566U (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-07-24 | 华南理工大学 | Injection moulding device for on-line mixing preparation of high-performance microcellular foaming plastic |
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