CN103055514A - Medical human eye pupil and eyelid motion simulation structure and control method thereof - Google Patents
Medical human eye pupil and eyelid motion simulation structure and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103055514A CN103055514A CN2013100153163A CN201310015316A CN103055514A CN 103055514 A CN103055514 A CN 103055514A CN 2013100153163 A CN2013100153163 A CN 2013100153163A CN 201310015316 A CN201310015316 A CN 201310015316A CN 103055514 A CN103055514 A CN 103055514A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of human eye simulation, in particular to a medical human eye pupil and eyelid motion simulation structure and a control method thereof. The control method includes eyelid motion control and pupil motion control. The eyelid motion control includes: controlling an electromagnet shaft core to move telescopically through a circuit, and driving an eyelid simulation component to open and close by a connecting rod so that opening and closing of eyelids are realized. The pupil motion control includes: driving a motor shaft to rotate by a motor, then driving a shift shaft to rotate to drive a shift rod and a pupil control shaft to swing, and realizing pupil change by changing a bore diameter of a circular hole enclosed by inner arcs of aperture blades. The medical human eye pupil and eyelid motion simulation structure can successfully simulate motion ways of human eyes, complicated mechanical connection and control operation of existing human eye simulation are simplified, manufactured products are small in size and wide in application, and an anthropomorphic dummy can be more real and visual.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the human eye simulation technical field, specifically a kind of human simulation eye pupil hole and eyelid movement structure and for the control method of this structure for medical teaching.
[background technology]
The medical teaching simulation eye, the pathological characters that can allow learning of medicine person more intuitive understanding reflect from eyes, artificial eye is most important part at analogue simulation people's head, and a lot of pathology can be judged by observing eyes (mainly being pupil size).
At present, the mechanism of a lot of simulating human eyes has been arranged both at home and abroad, generally be widely used in Medical simulator, toy, robot.Get off from existing situation, some is that the veneer skin is finished on head skeleton, and eyelid can not blink, and pupil can't amplify and dwindles; Some is to realize the single movement function, namely only opens and closes one's eyes motion or only have the pupil variation; Some eyelid is bonded on the eyeball, and and then eyeball rotates to realize opening the motion of closing one's eyes, emulation distortion together; Some moves and the pupil variation in conjunction with opening to close one's eyes, but structure is complicated, and volume is larger, can not be applicable to the Medical simulator of all age group.
Find by literature search Chinese patent application number: 200920034455.X.This disclosure of the Invention a kind of high emulation performance robot blink transmission mechanism, comprise the driving mechanism of driven machine people eyelid action and be installed in described driving mechanism and the robot eyelid between transmission mechanism.This invention separates eyeball and eyelid, and eyelid can be done at eyeball and open the motion of closing one's eyes, and fidelity is higher.But structure is complicated, and the connecting rod number is many, and volume is larger, because connecting rod is longer, and transmission distance and cause less stable.
Find by literature search, Chinese patent application number: 200910303816.0 these inventions provide a kind of pupil imitation mechanism, it comprises substrate, a plurality of blades and driving mechanism, described substrate comprises a plurality of pin-jointed structures by circular arrangement, described a plurality of blade intermesh in order around a center of circle overlapping surround dome, each blade comprises free end and link, described link and described pin-jointed structure are articulated, and the pivot center of link is parallel to described substrate, described free end surrounds a circular hole, and described driving mechanism can drive the relative substrate rotating of described a plurality of blade.The circular hole size that the pupil imitation mechanism that this invention provides surrounds by changing free end, thus reach the effect that pupil size changes, carry out the expression of multiple emotion.This invention is because the free end of blade is that loose so blades arrangement is more mixed and disorderly, simulated effect is relatively poor by magnet adsorption.
Find by literature search Chinese patent application number: 201210163320.X.A kind of Medical simulator artificial eye of this disclosure of the Invention, wherein: drive motors and the supporting plate of blink transmission mechanism and pupil changeable mechanism are fixed on the base.Drive motors process crank rocker transmission mechanism was transferred to eyelid and realized nictation nictation.The drive installation of pupil drive motors realizes that in the pupil changeable mechanism of eyeball inside pupil changes, and pupil size position judgment mechanism is connected on the pupil changeable mechanism, and pupil changeable mechanism inside also is connected to pupil sensitization mechanism.Eyeball links to each other with base by supporting plate.This invention set nictation function and pupil change function one on the whole, compact conformation, transmission is reliable for effect.The shortcoming of this invention is to only depend on moving rotating disk projection and the mechanical position limitation of deciding the price fixing pin of rotating disk to limit the greatest limit of pupil, and after the time was long, the price fixing pin can wear and tear, precise decreasing.The processing and fabricating pupil component strengthens cost voluntarily, and precision is low, and aesthetic property is poor.Photosensitive and photosensitive circuit plate rotates along with the rotation of moving rotating disk, behind the long time running, and the easy twisting and breaking of circuit.Eyelid is opened and is closed motion employing motor-driven, and volume is large, and the structure that gear adds crank rocker is complicated, and processing cost is higher, and assembling needs the time longer, is not suitable for batch production.This invention can't be placed in the simulation human body of all age group.
At present, the optical instrument aperture is an annular, can by the openings of sizes of control circular hole, control the brightness of light.When a large amount of light of needs, just the circular hole of aperture is opened greatly; When only needing a small amount of light, just circular hole is dwindled, allow a small amount of light enter.This aperture is as the product of a maturation, and low price is constructed attractive in appearance.
For above all, we need to research and develop a kind of Medical simulator emulation pupil and the mechanism of blinking, motion function that can the simulating human eyes, be widely used on all age group simulation person, make the simulation people truer, the learning of medicine person can differentiate pathology by simulation people's eyes intuitively.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the invention is to overcome the defective of existing eyeball simulation architecture, a kind of new control method about the eyeball simulating sports and structure are provided, improve the emulation of eye motion function.
For achieving the above object, design a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil and eyelid movement structure, comprise simulation eyeball, eyelid, pupil component; Machinery Control Component and control circuit, described mechanical Control Component is by support, nut, driving lever, shift lever axis, pivot pin, connecting rod, electromagnet, motor and motor shaft consist of, described control circuit is by the photoelectric coupled circuit plate, photosensitive circuit plate and external control circuit plate consist of, it is characterized in that described motor and electromagnet place the below of electromagnet electric machine support, the upper surface of described electromagnet electric machine support is provided with the control support, the upper surface of described control support is fixed with the imitation pupil assembly, described imitation pupil assembly tightly fits in simulated eye ball component medial surface by imitation pupil assembly back-up block lateral surface, the outer surface of described simulated eye ball component is by pivot pin fixed-analog eyelid assembly, described simulation eyelid assembly connects an end of connecting rod by pivot pin, the other end of described connecting rod connects the axle core of electromagnet, described motor upper end is provided with a motor shaft, described motor shaft pass the electromagnet electric machine support and control support the bottom, connect successively from the bottom to top shift lever axis, driving lever, and fix with nut, the upper end of described shift lever axis is fixedly connected with the lower end of driving lever, the upper end connecting analog pupil component of described driving lever, the lower surface of described control support is provided with the photosensitive circuit plate, the photoelectric coupled circuit plate, whole mechanism outside is provided with the external control circuit plate, described external control circuit plate is provided with light-sensitive element, optic coupling element, the node of electromagnet, light-sensitive element on the photosensitive circuit plate, optic coupling element on the photoelectric coupled circuit plate and the lead-out wire of electromagnet connect respectively corresponding node, also be provided with motor encoder on the described external control circuit plate, power interface and programmable device, described motor encoder connects motor by wire, described power interface is connected with external power source by adapter, the external control circuit plate is namely switched on, and each element is according to establishing procedure operation in the programmable device after the energising.
Described simulation eyelid assembly reaches fixedly by the simulation eyelid, and ear consists of, described simulation eyelid is spherical structure, the bilateral symmetry position of described simulation eyelid is provided with two fixedly ears, in described both sides fixedly on the ear, be provided with first, second through hole with the link position of simulation eyelid, described first, second through hole is connected with the pivot pin of simulated eye ball component respectively, fixedly also be provided with third through-hole on the ear in a described side, described third through-hole links to each other with connecting rod by the connecting rod pivot pin.
Described simulated eye ball component is the integrative-structure that is made of simulation eyeball, eyeball pivot pin and eyeball bracing frame, described simulation eyeball adopts the transparent ball structure, described eyeball bracing frame is three-dimensional annulus configuration, described eyeball bracing frame two ends symmetric position also is provided with the eyeball pivot pin, and described eyeball pivot pin is fixedly connected with simulation eyelid assembly.
Described imitation pupil assembly is by imitation pupil, pupil Control Shaft and pupil component back-up block consist of, described pupil component back-up block is the integrative-structure that is made of in conjunction with C font low groove three-dimensional annular upper groove, the center of low groove is provided with a manhole on the described pupil component back-up block, described pupil component back-up block low groove left and right sides symmetric position also is provided with fixedly ear, described pupil component back-up block is by fixedly ear and screw link to each other with the control rack upper surface, described pupil component back-up block upper groove lateral wall and simulated eye ball component lower end groove madial wall close-fitting, be provided with imitation pupil in the described pupil component back-up block low groove, described imitation pupil adopts the optical instrument aperture, described optical instrument aperture is by shell, fixing outer toroid, annulus in movable, some aperture blades, some fixed axis and optical instrument Control Shaft form, the inner surface of described shell is provided with fixedly outer toroid, described fixedly outer toroid is provided with equally distributed some circular holes on the concentric a certain circle, the inwall of described shell is provided with the groove concentric with fixing outer toroid, shell embeds with movable interior annulus by described groove and is connected, annulus is provided with the slotted hole that goes out from center of circle homogeneous radiation that equates with circular hole quantity on the fixing outer toroid in the described activity, each slotted hole in the described activity on the annulus is by the corresponding end that connects an aperture blades of fixed axis, the other end of described aperture blades is connected and fixed a circular hole of outer toroid by the fixed axis correspondence, the circular hole that circular arc surrounds in all aperture blades is pupil, the side of annulus also is provided with the optical instrument Control Shaft in the described activity, described optical instrument Control Shaft namely is the pupil Control Shaft, and described pupil Control Shaft cooperates with the long slot bore of driving lever upper end.
Manhole concentric on the circular hole that circular arc surrounds in described some aperture blades and the described pupil component back-up block in the low groove.
Described control support is by top board, support column and bayonet socket consist of, two ends, the lower surface left and right sides symmetric position of described control rack plate is provided with the two pairs of cylindrical body supports posts of height with fixing hole, described control support is fixedly connected on the upper surface of electromagnet electric machine support by high cylindrical body supports post, described control support is fixedly connected with the photosensitive circuit plate by low cylindrical body supports post, the lower surface of described control rack plate also is provided with some circuit board bayonet sockets, described control rack plate lower surface is fixed the photoelectric coupled circuit plate by the circuit board bayonet socket, the central authorities of described control rack plate also are provided with a light hole, described light hole is the cylindrical structure with through hole, and described light hole is the light-sensitive element on the circuit board just.
Described shift lever axis is the cylindrical structure with through hole, and described shift lever axis is inserted in motor shaft just, and with marking closely screw from radially holding out against, realizes that shift lever axis and motor shaft rotate synchronously.
Described driving lever is secondary hierarchic structure, the top of described driving lever is provided with a circular long slot bore, the bottom is provided with a manhole, described driving lever is inserted in motor shaft by the bottom manhole, and be fixedly connected with the upper end of shift lever axis with nut, described driving lever cooperates with the pupil Control Shaft by the circular long slot bore in top.
The control method of above-mentioned human simulation eye pupil hole and eyelid movement structure comprises eyelid movement control method and pupil movement control method,
Described control method comprises eyelid movement control method and pupil movement control method, described eyelid movement control method is that the external control circuit plate is under "on" position, establish the axle core of programme-control electromagnet in the programmable device and do stretching motion, the axle core of described electromagnet drives simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does up and down turnover motion, thereby opening of eyelid of realization closed, specifically, when the electromagnet shaft core rises from, the axle core drives simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does upwards turnover motion, is the state of opening eyes this moment; When the electromagnet shaft core was retracted, the axle core drove simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does downward turnover campaign, and be closed-eye state this moment;
When the simulation human body causes the physiological characteristic of pupil variation owing to light, described pupil movement control method is externally under the control circuit board "on" position, the program of establishing in the programmable device is not during the signal of shielded from light photosensitive elements, light-sensitive element is through the irradiation of visible light at this moment, produce photosignal, described photosignal conducts to external control circuit, thereby conducting motor, when electric motor starting, the drive motor axle rotates, and the shift lever axis on the drive motor axle rotates then, drives driving lever and pupil Control Shaft and swings, swing by the pupil Control Shaft changes the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades, thereby realizes the variation of pupil size;
When the simulation human body because during the physiological characteristic that pupil frightened or that other non-light factor causes changes, described pupil movement control method replaces with externally under the control circuit board "on" position, during the program mask light-sensitive element signal established in the programmable device, this moment, programmable device directly sent signal to external control circuit, thereby conducting motor, when electric motor starting, the drive motor axle rotates, then the shift lever axis on the drive motor axle rotates, driving driving lever and pupil Control Shaft swings, swing by the pupil Control Shaft changes the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades, thereby realizes the variation of pupil size.
The circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the described aperture blades has maximum and minimum of a value, described maximum and minimum of a value are controlled by optic coupling element, described optic coupling element is the electronic component of a flute profile, comprise light emitting diode, photo-detector and signal amplify three partial devices, when dead man turns to optocoupler inside, the signal of telecommunication of inputting on the control circuit board drives light emitting diode, light emitting diode sends the light of certain wavelength, received by photo-detector and produce photoelectric current, through output after further amplifying and feed back to control circuit, after external control circuit obtained signal, programmable device internal program actuating motor stopped operating; When driving lever turns to the both sides optocoupler, the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades is maximum or minimum of a value, it is minimum and maximum to be that pupil becomes, in the pupil change procedure, certain extreme position of pupil can be labeled as the dead-center position of stepper motor, after dead-center position is determined, by the program controlled motor encoder, can be so that motor rest on any position of program setting, thus pupil size can accurately be controlled.
The present invention compares with existing human eye emulation technology, on human eye simulation architecture and control method, all made improvement, the motion mode of simulating human eyes that can be successful, namely the eyelid of two eyes can blink separately, pupil dwindles being subject to can amplifying in the situation of environmental stimuli, specifically, adopts the optical instrument aperture as pupil component, stepper motor is as driving force, so that pupil size can accurately be controlled; Adopted electromagnetic technique, utilize that the logical of electric current closes on the electromagnet shaft core, realize the stretching motion of electromagnet shaft core, thereby drive simulation eyelid assembly by linkage and do upset, thereby realize opening eyes the motion of closing one's eyes, numerous and diverse mechanical connection of existing human eye emulation is simplified greatly, and it is convenient that control operation also becomes; This patent structure is relatively simple, therefore the small product size of producing is little, can be placed in the simulation human body of all ages and classes section, realized greatly the standardization of product, can be widely used on each analoglike person, make the simulation people truer, the learning of medicine person more can get information about the motion change of human eyes.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is decomposition texture front view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is decomposition texture of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the installation diagram of Fig. 1 of the present invention and Fig. 2;
1-simulation eyelid assembly 2-simulated eye ball component 3-pupil component back-up block 4-imitation pupil assembly 5-control support 6-nut 7-shift lever axis 8-electromagnet electric machine support 9-motor 10-driving lever 11-optocoupler 12-photosensitive circuit plate 13-photoelectric coupled circuit plate 14-light-sensitive element 15-motor shaft 16-pivot pin 17-connecting rod 18-electromagnet.
[specific embodiment]
For making purpose of the present invention, principle and structure more cheer and bright, now be further elaborated in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, believe for a person skilled in the art and can realize.
Inventive point of the present invention is by structural design and circuit design, realizes allowing the eye model pupil amplify dwindling, eyelid opens and close simulating sports, and the realization of technique scheme specifies with the following example:
Embodiment
In the human eye simulation architecture of this patent, three large main emulation modules are arranged, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprise simulation eyeball 2, eyelid 1, pupil component 4;
Described simulation eyelid assembly 1 reaches fixedly by the simulation eyelid, and ear consists of, described simulation eyelid is spherical structure, the bilateral symmetry position of simulation eyelid is provided with two fixedly ears, in described both sides fixedly on the ear, be provided with first, second through hole with the link position of simulation eyelid, described first, second through hole is connected with the pivot pin of simulated eye ball component 2 respectively, fixedly also be provided with third through-hole on the ear in a described side, described third through-hole links to each other with connecting rod 17 by the connecting rod pivot pin.
The integrative-structure that described simulated eye ball component 2 is made of simulation eyeball, eyeball pivot pin and eyeball bracing frame, this three part is integrated processing and fabricating and finishes, described simulation eyeball adopts the transparent ball structure, light can be delivered to light-sensitive element 14 by eyeball, the observer can observe by eyeball the situation of change of pupil, described eyeball bracing frame is three-dimensional annulus configuration, and its two ends symmetric position is provided with the eyeball pivot pin, and described eyeball pivot pin is fixedly connected with simulation eyelid assembly.
Described imitation pupil assembly 4 is by imitation pupil, pupil Control Shaft and pupil component back-up block 3 consist of, described pupil component back-up block 3 is the integrative-structures that are made of in conjunction with C font low groove three-dimensional annular upper groove, the center of low groove is provided with a manhole on the described pupil component back-up block 3, described pupil component back-up block low groove left and right sides symmetric position also is provided with fixedly ear, be provided with imitation pupil in described pupil component back-up block 3 low grooves, described imitation pupil adopts the optical instrument aperture, described optical instrument aperture is by shell, fixing outer toroid, annulus in movable, some aperture blades, some fixed axis and optical instrument Control Shaft form, the inner surface of described shell is provided with fixedly outer toroid, described fixedly outer toroid is provided with equally distributed some circular holes on the concentric a certain circle, the inwall of described shell is provided with the groove concentric with fixing outer toroid, shell embeds with movable interior annulus by described groove and is connected, annulus is provided with the slotted hole that goes out from center of circle homogeneous radiation that equates with circular hole quantity on the fixing outer toroid in the described activity, each slotted hole in the described activity on the annulus is by the corresponding end that connects an aperture blades of fixed axis, the other end of described aperture blades is connected and fixed a circular hole of outer toroid by the fixed axis correspondence, the circular hole that circular arc surrounds in all aperture blades is pupil, the side of annulus also is provided with the optical instrument Control Shaft in the described activity, described optical instrument Control Shaft namely is the pupil Control Shaft, and described pupil Control Shaft cooperates with the long slot bore of driving lever upper end.
Above-mentioned three simulated assembly cooperative mechanical Control Components are reached the control circuit that is made of photoelectric coupled circuit plate 13, photosensitive circuit plate 12 and external control circuit plate form emulation mechanism, described mechanical Control Component is used electromagnet electric machine support 8, nut 6, driving lever 10, shift lever axis 7, pivot pin 16, connecting rod 17, electromagnet 18, motor 9 and motor shaft 15, and concrete installation steps are:
At first, motor and electromagnet are placed the below of electromagnet electric machine support 8, be provided with a motor shaft 15 in motor 9 upper ends, described motor shaft 15 passes electromagnet electric machine support 8 and connects successively from the bottom to top shift lever axis 7, driving lever 10, and fixing with nut 6, described shift lever axis 7 is for having the cylindrical structure of through hole, described shift lever axis 7 is inserted in motor shaft just, and with marking closely screw from radially holding out against, realize that shift lever axis and motor shaft rotate synchronously, described driving lever is secondary hierarchic structure, the top of described driving lever is provided with a circular long slot bore, and the bottom is provided with a manhole, and described driving lever is inserted in motor shaft by the bottom manhole, and be fixedly connected with the upper end of shift lever axis with nut, described driving lever 10 cooperates with the pupil Control Shaft by the circular long slot bore in top.
Secondly, described imitation pupil assembly 4 is installed in the upper surface of control support 5, described pupil component back-up block 3 is by fixedly ear and screw link to each other with control support 5 upper surfaces, described control support 5 is by top board, support column and bayonet socket consist of, two ends, the lower surface left and right sides symmetric position of described control support 5 top boards is provided with the two pairs of cylindrical body supports posts of height with fixing hole, described control support 5 is fixedly connected on the upper surface of electromagnet electric machine support 8 by high cylindrical body supports post, described control support 5 is fixedly connected with photosensitive circuit plate 12 by low cylindrical body supports post, described control support 5 lower surfaces also are provided with some circuit board bayonet sockets, described control support 5 lower surfaces are fixing with photoelectric coupled circuit plate 13 by the circuit board bayonet socket, the central authorities of described control support lower surface are provided with a light hole, described light hole is the cylindrical structure with through hole, described light hole is the light-sensitive element on the control circuit board just, whole motion is as simulation people's internal structure, beyond motion, the inner increase external control circuit plate that needs of simulation people, described external control circuit plate is provided with light-sensitive element 14, optic coupling element 11, the node of electromagnet 18, light-sensitive element, optic coupling element, the lead-out wire of electromagnet is connected on the corresponding site position, also be provided with motor encoder on the described external control circuit plate, power interface and programmable device, described motor encoder connects motor 9 by wire, described power interface is connected with external power source by adapter, the external control circuit plate is namely switched on, and each element is according to establishing procedure operation in the programmable device after the energising.If needed, want the physiological characteristic that reflects according to present concrete certain the simulation human body of this motion, different programs and knob can be set operate.
At last, stack fixed-analog eyeball component 2 above described imitation pupil assembly 4, described pupil component back-up block 3 upper groove lateral walls and simulated eye ball component 2 lower end groove madial wall close-fittings; The outer surface fixed-analog eyelid assembly 1 of described simulated eye ball component 2, described simulation eyelid 1 is spherical structure, the bilateral symmetry position of described simulation eyelid is provided with two fixedly ears, in described both sides fixedly on the ear, be provided with first, second through hole with the link position of simulation eyelid, described first, second through hole is connected with the pivot pin of simulated eye ball component 2 respectively, fixedly also be provided with third through-hole on the ear in a described side, described third through-hole links to each other with connecting rod 17 by connecting rod pivot pin 16.Described connecting rod 17 other ends link to each other with the axle core of the electromagnet 18 that places electromagnet electric machine support 8 belows.
According to above-mentioned installation steps, obtain device as shown in Figure 3, the control of said apparatus all realizes by control circuit board, realize full-automatic, its control method comprises eyelid movement control method and pupil movement control method, described eyelid movement control method is under the "on" position, the axle core of the programme-control electromagnet in the programmable device is done stretching motion, the axle core of described electromagnet drives simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does up and down turnover motion, thereby opening of eyelid of realization closed, specifically, and when the electromagnet shaft core rises from, the axle core drives simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does upwards turnover motion, is the state of opening eyes this moment; When the electromagnet shaft core was retracted, the axle core drove simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does downward turnover campaign, and be closed-eye state this moment;
When the simulation human body causes the physiological characteristic of pupil variation owing to light, described pupil movement control method is externally under the control circuit board "on" position, the program of establishing in the programmable device is not during the signal of shielded from light photosensitive elements, light-sensitive element is through the irradiation of visible light at this moment, produce photosignal, described photosignal conducts to external control circuit, thereby conducting motor, when electric motor starting, the drive motor axle rotates, and the shift lever axis on the drive motor axle rotates then, drives driving lever and pupil Control Shaft and swings, swing by the pupil Control Shaft changes the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades, thereby realizes the variation of pupil size; When the simulation human body because during the physiological characteristic that pupil frightened or that other non-light factor causes changes, described pupil movement control method replaces with externally under the control circuit board "on" position, during the program mask light-sensitive element signal established in the programmable device, this moment, programmable device directly sent signal to external control circuit, thereby conducting motor, when electric motor starting, the drive motor axle rotates, then the shift lever axis on the drive motor axle rotates, driving driving lever and pupil Control Shaft swings, swing by the pupil Control Shaft changes the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades, thereby realize the variation of pupil size, the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the described aperture blades has maximum and minimum of a value, described maximum and minimum of a value are controlled by optic coupling element, when dead man turns to optocoupler inside, the signal of telecommunication of inputting on the control circuit board drives light emitting diode, light emitting diode sends the light of certain wavelength, received by photo-detector and produce photoelectric current, through output after further amplifying and feed back to control circuit, after external control circuit obtained signal, programmable device internal program actuating motor stopped operating; When driving lever turned to the both sides optocoupler, the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades was maximum or minimum of a value, and namely pupil becomes minimum and maximum.In the pupil change procedure, certain extreme position of pupil can be labeled as the dead-center position of stepper motor, after dead-center position is determined, by the program controlled motor encoder, can be so that motor rest on any position of program setting, thus pupil size can accurately be controlled.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, adopts the structure identical or approximate with the above embodiment of the present invention, and other simulation eyes that obtain, all within protection scope of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a medical simulation human eye pupil and eyelid movement structure comprise simulation eyeball, eyelid, pupil component; Machinery Control Component and control circuit, described mechanical Control Component is by support, nut, driving lever, shift lever axis, pivot pin, connecting rod, electromagnet, motor and motor shaft consist of, described control circuit is by the photoelectric coupled circuit plate, photosensitive circuit plate and external control circuit plate consist of, it is characterized in that described motor and electromagnet place the below of electromagnet electric machine support, the upper surface of described electromagnet electric machine support is provided with the control support, the upper surface of described control support is fixed with the imitation pupil assembly, described imitation pupil assembly tightly fits in simulated eye ball component medial surface by the lateral surface of imitation pupil assembly back-up block, the outer surface of described simulated eye ball component is by pivot pin fixed-analog eyelid assembly, described simulation eyelid assembly connects an end of connecting rod by pivot pin, the other end of described connecting rod connects the axle core of electromagnet, described motor upper end is provided with a motor shaft, described motor shaft pass the electromagnet electric machine support and control support the bottom, connect successively from the bottom to top shift lever axis, driving lever, and fix with nut, the upper end of described shift lever axis is fixedly connected with the lower end of driving lever, the upper end connecting analog pupil component of described driving lever, the lower surface of described control support is provided with the photosensitive circuit plate, the photoelectric coupled circuit plate, whole mechanism outside is provided with the external control circuit plate, described external control circuit plate is provided with light-sensitive element, optic coupling element, the node of electromagnet, light-sensitive element on the photosensitive circuit plate, optic coupling element on the photoelectric coupled circuit plate and the lead-out wire of electromagnet connect respectively corresponding node, also be provided with motor encoder on the described external control circuit plate, power interface and programmable device, described motor encoder connects motor by wire, described power interface is connected with external power source by adapter, the external control circuit plate is namely switched on, and each element is according to establishing procedure operation in the programmable device after the energising.
2. a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 1 and eyelid movement structure, ear consists of to it is characterized in that reaching fixedly by the simulation eyelid by described simulation eyelid assembly, described simulation eyelid is spherical structure, the bilateral symmetry position of described simulation eyelid is provided with two fixedly ears, in described both sides fixedly on the ear, be provided with first with the link position of simulation eyelid, the second through hole, described first, the second through hole is connected with the pivot pin of simulated eye ball component respectively, fixedly also be provided with third through-hole on the ear in a described side, described third through-hole links to each other with connecting rod by the connecting rod pivot pin.
3. a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 1 and eyelid movement structure, it is characterized in that described simulated eye ball component is the integrative-structure that is made of simulation eyeball, eyeball pivot pin and eyeball bracing frame, described simulation eyeball adopts the transparent ball structure, described eyeball bracing frame is three-dimensional annulus configuration, described eyeball bracing frame two ends symmetric position also is provided with the eyeball pivot pin, and described eyeball pivot pin is fixedly connected with simulation eyelid assembly.
4. a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 1 and eyelid movement structure, it is characterized in that described imitation pupil assembly is by imitation pupil, pupil Control Shaft and pupil component back-up block consist of, described pupil component back-up block is the integrative-structure that is made of in conjunction with C font low groove three-dimensional annular upper groove, the center of low groove is provided with a manhole on the described pupil component back-up block, described pupil component back-up block low groove left and right sides symmetric position also is provided with fixedly ear, described pupil component back-up block is by fixedly ear and screw link to each other with the control rack upper surface, described pupil component back-up block upper groove lateral wall and simulated eye ball component lower end groove madial wall close-fitting, be provided with imitation pupil in the described pupil component back-up block low groove, described imitation pupil adopts the optical instrument aperture, described optical instrument aperture is by shell, fixing outer toroid, annulus in movable, some aperture blades, some fixed axis and optical instrument Control Shaft form, the inner surface of described shell is provided with fixedly outer toroid, described fixedly outer toroid is provided with equally distributed some circular holes on the concentric a certain circle, the inwall of described shell is provided with the groove concentric with fixing outer toroid, shell embeds with movable interior annulus by described groove and is connected, annulus is provided with the slotted hole that goes out from center of circle homogeneous radiation that equates with circular hole quantity on the fixing outer toroid in the described activity, each slotted hole in the described activity on the annulus is by the corresponding end that connects an aperture blades of fixed axis, the other end of described aperture blades is connected and fixed a circular hole of outer toroid by the fixed axis correspondence, the circular hole that circular arc surrounds in all aperture blades is pupil, the side of annulus also is provided with the optical instrument Control Shaft in the described activity, described optical instrument Control Shaft namely is the pupil Control Shaft, and described pupil Control Shaft cooperates with the long slot bore of driving lever upper end.
5. a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 4 and eyelid movement structure is characterized in that the interior manhole concentric of low groove on circular arc surrounds in described some aperture blades circular hole and the described pupil component back-up block.
6. a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 1 and eyelid movement structure, it is characterized in that described control support is by top board, support column and bayonet socket consist of, two ends, the lower surface left and right sides symmetric position of described control rack plate is provided with the two pairs of cylindrical body supports posts of height with fixing hole, described control support is fixedly connected on the upper surface of electromagnet electric machine support by high cylindrical body supports post, described control support is fixedly connected with the photosensitive circuit plate by low cylindrical body supports post, the lower surface of described control rack plate also is provided with some circuit board bayonet sockets, described control rack plate lower surface is fixed the photoelectric coupled circuit plate by the circuit board bayonet socket, the central authorities of described control rack plate also are provided with a light hole, described light hole is the cylindrical structure with through hole, and described light hole is the light-sensitive element on the circuit board just.
7. a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 1 and eyelid movement structure, it is characterized in that described shift lever axis is the cylindrical structure with through hole, described shift lever axis is inserted in motor shaft just, and with marking closely screw from radially holding out against, realizes that shift lever axis and motor shaft rotate synchronously.
8. a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 1 and eyelid movement structure, it is characterized in that described driving lever is secondary hierarchic structure, the top of described driving lever is provided with a circular long slot bore, the bottom is provided with a manhole, described driving lever is inserted in motor shaft by the bottom manhole, and be fixedly connected with the upper end of shift lever axis with nut, described driving lever is connected by the circular long slot bore in top and pupil component Control Shaft.
9. a medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 1 and eyelid movement structure and control method thereof, it is characterized in that described control method comprises eyelid movement control method and pupil movement control method, described eyelid movement control method is that the external control circuit plate is under "on" position, establish the axle core of programme-control electromagnet in the programmable device and do stretching motion, the axle core of described electromagnet drives simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does up and down turnover motion, thereby opening of eyelid of realization closed, specifically, when the electromagnet shaft core rises from, the axle core drives simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does upwards turnover motion, is the state of opening eyes this moment; When the electromagnet shaft core was retracted, the axle core drove simulation eyelid assembly by connecting rod and does downward turnover campaign, and be closed-eye state this moment;
When the simulation human body causes the physiological characteristic of pupil variation owing to light, described pupil movement control method is externally under the control circuit board "on" position, the program of establishing in the programmable device is not during the signal of shielded from light photosensitive elements, light-sensitive element is through the irradiation of visible light at this moment, produce photosignal, described photosignal conducts to external control circuit, thereby conducting motor, when electric motor starting, the drive motor axle rotates, and the shift lever axis on the drive motor axle rotates then, drives driving lever and pupil Control Shaft and swings, swing by the pupil Control Shaft changes the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades, thereby realizes the variation of pupil size; When the simulation human body because during the physiological characteristic that pupil frightened or that other non-light factor causes changes, described pupil movement control method replaces with externally under the control circuit board "on" position, during the program mask light-sensitive element signal established in the programmable device, this moment, programmable device directly sent signal to external control circuit, thereby conducting motor, when electric motor starting, the drive motor axle rotates, then the shift lever axis on the drive motor axle rotates, driving driving lever and pupil Control Shaft swings, swing by the pupil Control Shaft changes the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades, thereby realizes the variation of pupil size.
10. a kind of medical simulation human eye pupil as claimed in claim 9 and eyelid movement structure and control method thereof, it is characterized in that the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the described aperture blades has maximum and minimum of a value, described maximum and minimum of a value are controlled by optic coupling element, described optic coupling element comprises light emitting diode, photo-detector and signal amplify three partial devices, when dead man turns to optocoupler inside, the signal of telecommunication of inputting on the control circuit board drives light emitting diode, light emitting diode sends the light of certain wavelength, received by photo-detector and produce photoelectric current, through output after further amplifying and feed back to control circuit, after external control circuit obtained signal, programmable device internal program actuating motor stopped operating; When driving lever turns to the both sides optocoupler, the circular hole aperture that circular arc surrounds in the aperture blades is maximum or minimum of a value, it is minimum and maximum to be that pupil becomes, in the pupil change procedure, certain extreme position of pupil can be labeled as the dead-center position of stepper motor, after dead-center position is determined, by the program controlled motor encoder, can be so that motor rest on any position of program setting, thus pupil size can accurately be controlled.
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