CN103051444A - Quantum security digital terminal applied to PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) - Google Patents
Quantum security digital terminal applied to PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quantum security digital terminal applied to a PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network). A method for using the quantum security digital terminal comprises the steps that: when a call is received, a modulation and demodulation module converts an analog speech signal into a digital speech signal; a main controller decrypts the digital speech signal by using a quantum secret key, and converts the analog speech signal into the digital speech signal when the call is sent out, a speech compression coding module compresses the digital speech signal to from a compressed digital signal; the main controller encrypts the compressed digital signal by using the quantum secret key to form an encrypted digital signal; and the main controller converts the encrypted digital signal into an analog signal by a modulator-demodulator, and the analog signal is output through a second phone wire interface. The quantum security digital terminal applied to the PSTN is capable of using a quantum encryption technology on the PSTN, and realizes the unconditional security digital communication.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intelligence secure digital terminal, relate in particular to a kind of quantum secure digital terminal of the PSTN of being applied to network.
Background technology
Voice communication and the file transfer of safety occupy an important position in secure communication, existing code phone is mostly used based on the PKI of algorithm complex and is consulted or symmetric cryptography, under the development prerequisite that improve rapidly in calculated performance, cost descends rapidly, safety period is shorter and shorter.Quantum-key distribution is carried in key bit on the quantum carrier such as light quantum, utilizes the quantum of signal specific, guarantees the fail safe of strange land key distribution from the aspect of physical principle, realizes unconditional security, dynamic real-time key distribution.Utilize real-time, the safe distributed key of quantum-key distribution, guarantee Security of the system with physical means rather than computation complexity, will greatly improve the fail safe of secure communication, have important value in the construction of China's information security architecture.
Because the quantum-key distribution technology can realize the cipher key delivery of unconditional security, have huge using value for fields, aspect such as the national defense safety of country, finance, government affairs, the U.S., European Union, Japan, Canada waited and have all dropped into a large amount of manpower and materials and carry out the practical research of quanta cryptology technique.Government's ballot of Switzerland in 2007, the important great times such as world cup in South Africa in 2010 have been adopted quanta cryptology technique.China has also early begun to carry out the practical research of quanta cryptology technique, and the U.S., European Union, China have all built the quantum secret communication network that begins to take shape.
Quantum-key distribution has reached practical requirement substantially through the researchs in more than 20 years since formally proposing from 1984, can release by commercial real system at present.Its research contents relates to the parts such as the light source, Signal coding, single-photon detector of protocol safety, real system fail safe, real system.The fail safe of forward and backward processing, and the Support Mode of cipher key application.
The quantum-key distribution technology mainly adopts free space and optical fiber as quantum channel.The coding that has polarization state, phase place and frequency etc. based on photon to carry out at coding techniques.The quantum-key distribution of free space is mainly used in satellite and distance between pole tips at present, in general metropolitan area and intercity secret communication network, mostly adopts optical fiber as quantum channel.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of quantum secure digital terminal of the PSTN of being applied to network is provided.The quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network can use Data Encryption Techniques at the PSTN network, realizes the unconditional security digital communication.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of quantum secure digital terminal of the PSTN of being applied to network is characterized in that: comprise main controller, QKD cipher key service interface, voice compression coding module, CODEC module, modulation /demodulation module, circuit selection module, the first telephone line interface and the second telephone line interface; Main controller is connected with the quantum key server by QKD cipher key service interface;
Main controller sends the user ID of partner and the size of aequum sub-key by QKD cipher key service interface vector sub-key server; Main controller is also by QKD cipher key service interface quantities received sub-key; Main controller is electrically connected with the modulation /demodulation module, and the modulation /demodulation module selects module to be connected with circuit, and circuit selects module to be electrically connected with main controller; Main controller is electrically connected with the voice compression coding module, and the voice compression coding module is electrically connected with the CODEC module, and the CODEC module selects module to be electrically connected with circuit;
When receiving calls, the modulation /demodulation module will convert audio digital signals to and export to main controller from the analog voice signal that the first telephone line interface receives; Main controller use amount sub-key, the audio digital signals that the modulation demodulation module is sent here is decrypted, and the digital signal after then will deciphering is exported from the second telephone line interface;
When getting phone, main controller converts analog voice signal to audio digital signals by the CODEC module, and described voice compression coding module will be compressed through the audio digital signals that the CODEC module converts obtains, and forms compression digital signal; Main controller use amount sub-key is encrypted processing to compression digital signal, forms scrambled digital signal; With the scrambled digital signal converting analogue signals, described analog signal is by the output of the second telephone line interface by modulator-demodulator for main controller.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, also comprise with main controller being electrically connected for storing expressly and the memory of quantum key.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, also comprise with main controller being electrically connected for the file fetch interface that reads on the storage medium; During Transmit message, the quantum key that main controller use amount subcipher server transmits is encrypted coding to the file that reads, and forms encrypt file; Main controller converts scrambled to the encryption analog signal by modulator-demodulator, and will encrypt analog signal and be sent to the PSTN network; When receiving file, adopt the stream cipher technology to compression digital signal is encrypted coding, and the simulation files signal that receives being converted modulator-demodulator to the digital document signal, main controller adopts the quantum key that the quantum cryptography server transmits that digital file signal is decrypted.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, described main controller is single-chip microcomputer, DSP or FPGA.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, described CODEC module is AD73311 voice digitization chip.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, described voice compression coding module is AMBE-2000 high compression ratio voice compression coding module.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, main controller adopts the stream cipher technology to compression digital signal is encrypted coding.
As further improved technical scheme of the present invention, main controller is connected with the quantum key server by the RJ45 Ethernet interface.
The eliminating coherence property preservation of phase place is better in optical fiber, and in the therefore present fiber optic quantum key distribution, phase code is mainstream technology.This specification requirement uses interference ring to carry out modulation and demodulation.
Quantum-key distribution has been used the characteristic of quantum state in the process of information transmission, but its fail safe must be combined with classical communication and could realize.Through measuring and after reprocessing converts 0,1 bit of classics to, must considering how itself and encryption and decryption equipment are carried out combination, its security feature of optimized performance.
The key that generates for different application can have multiple occupation mode: when key is used for the symmetric cryptography application, owing to removed the public key encryption and decryption link, therefore can significantly promote the speed of key updating, thereby the safety issue of the symmetric cryptography that the solution sample reuse brings significantly promotes the fail safe of existing symmetric encipherment algorithm; Satisfy in key distribution speed under the condition of plaintext traffic rate, can use " one-time pad " cryptographic algorithm, namely satisfy key with expressly isometric by bit carry out binary system XOR, key very at random, key do not reuse under three conditions, can reach the secure communication that is perfectly safe in theory, its ciphertext can't crack by any technological means.
What quantum-key distribution solved is the fail safe of key distribution, has abundant application model by the key of its generation.Simultaneously also because this is a brand-new safety communication technology, its key generating rate is far below the bandwidth of current internet communication, therefore in the application apparatus design, the present invention has selected the lower application of lasting key consumption such as voice, file transfer, make system can satisfy the one-time pad requirement, the secrecy transmission that is perfectly safe of the information such as the voice of realizing being perfectly safe at the black phone spider lines, data file.
The quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network be at present unique a kind ofly to use Data Encryption Techniques at the PSTN network, realizes the equipment of unconditional security digital communication.The present invention has adopted the real-time dynamic key in strange land to change and digital form one-time pad encryption technology, except can sending with fax at the secure voice communication that the PSTN realization is perfectly safe, can also need not computer-aided and realize that namely the file that is perfectly safe sends, antijamming capability is strong, and transmission distortion minor error rate is low.The present invention possesses simultaneously dynamically real-time key input and card reader and reads the double secret key obtaining mode, and employing portable design, can use online, also conveniently go out to carry, utilize the key that is stored in advance on the SD card, have the place of ordinary telephone line all can realize secure communication any.The present invention has unencryped word, encrypted word hot-swapping function, and namely the user need not on-hook, can realize the switching of unencryped word and encrypted word, the different demands in convenient the use.The present invention adopts the design of entrance guard's formula, directly this equipment is concatenated between phone and the line access point to get final product, and does not change user's use habit, need not to change the terminal equipments such as phone, also need not to change the existing communication circuit.Utilize to greatest extent existing resource, protected user's existing investment.The present invention be at present domestic unique a kind of real intended for end consumers, can utilize quanta cryptology technique, at existing plain old telephone network realize the being perfectly safe actual product of voice communication.Product has been broken through the category of common voice application in function in addition, has realized a tractor serves several purposes, both can carry out Voice Cryption, can realize again the function that the secure digital file sends.For the demand and different application conditions of tackling different user, the present invention both can use amount sub-key distribution technique on encryption mode is selected, be applied in the ability in the quantum cryptography system, can use again general secret key encryption method, guarantee the end-to-end communication of safety.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is application schematic diagram of the present invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network comprises main controller, QKD cipher key service interface, voice compression coding module, CODEC module, modulation /demodulation module, circuit selection module, the first telephone line interface and the second telephone line interface; Main controller is connected with the quantum key server by QKD cipher key service interface; Main controller sends the user ID of partner and the size of aequum sub-key by QKD cipher key service interface vector sub-key server; Main controller is also by QKD cipher key service interface quantities received sub-key; Main controller is electrically connected with the modulation /demodulation module, and the modulation /demodulation module selects module to be connected with circuit, and circuit selects module to be electrically connected with main controller; Main controller is electrically connected with the voice compression coding module, and the voice compression coding module is electrically connected with the CODEC module, and the CODEC module selects module to be electrically connected with circuit;
When receiving calls, the modulation /demodulation module will convert audio digital signals to and export to main controller from the analog voice signal that the first telephone line interface receives; Main controller use amount sub-key, the audio digital signals that the modulation demodulation module is sent here is decrypted, and the digital signal after then will deciphering is exported from the second telephone line interface; When getting phone, main controller converts analog voice signal to audio digital signals by the CODEC module, and described voice compression coding module will be compressed through the audio digital signals that the CODEC module converts obtains, and forms compression digital signal; Main controller use amount sub-key is encrypted processing to compression digital signal, forms scrambled digital signal; With the scrambled digital signal converting analogue signals, described analog signal is by the output of the second telephone line interface by modulator-demodulator for main controller.
In the present embodiment, also comprise with main controller being electrically connected for storing expressly and the memory of quantum key.Also comprise with main controller and being electrically connected for the file fetch interface that reads on the storage medium; During Transmit message, the quantum key that main controller use amount subcipher server transmits is encrypted coding to the file that reads, and forms encrypt file; Main controller converts scrambled to the encryption analog signal by modulator-demodulator, and will encrypt analog signal and be sent to the PSTN network; When receiving file, adopt the stream cipher technology to compression digital signal is encrypted coding, and the simulation files signal that receives being converted modulator-demodulator to the digital document signal, main controller adopts the quantum key that the quantum cryptography server transmits that digital file signal is decrypted.Described main controller is single-chip microcomputer, DSP or FPGA.Described CODEC module is AD73311 voice digitization chip.Described voice compression coding module is AMBE-2000 high compression ratio voice compression coding module.Main controller adopts the stream cipher technology to compression digital signal is encrypted coding.Main controller is connected with the quantum key server by the RJ45 Ethernet interface.
The quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network can be decomposed on function: voice digitization module, voice high compression ratio compression module, cipher key interface module, digital encryption and decryption module, input information output module, data modem module etc.Wherein can integrate and multiplexing part by consideration, consider the factors such as development difficulty, product cost, product scheme design is: take ARM as the master control core, in conjunction with the core of programmable logic chip as system.
Main controller is the hard core control device of system's operation, needs to be responsible for the allotment of system resource, speech, data path control, and with the read-write of memory block, the functions such as demonstration of the detection of user interface information and processing, information.Main controller can select the unit able to programme, configurable such as single-chip microcomputer, DSP or FPGA to realize.The present invention selects singlechip chip based on the ARM system as main control unit, has low price, low in energy consumption, characteristics that performance is high, is easy to exploitation when having outstanding real-time performance.And interface is complete, is convenient to and various chip units and Peripheral Interface.
The digitlization secrecy transmission that a priority function that should be used for the quantum secure digital terminal of PSTN network is voice messaging, so be analog voice signal digitlization and the compression thereof of a pith realizing of system.The digitlization of analog voice signal is the module of a comparative maturity, and system adopts main control unit to detect off hook signal, and control AD73311 voice digitization chip carries out digitlization to voice signal.
Should be used for the quantum secure digital terminal of PSTN network when realizing compress speech, consider that respectively software is realized and hardware is realized two kinds of patterns.In the hardware implementations, AMBE-2000 high compression ratio compress speech chip has been selected by system.The packed data rate of this chip can be regulated in 2kbps ~ 9.6kbps scope, has voice activation and detects (VAD--Voice Activity Detection) function, comfort noise (CN--Comfortable Noise) generation function, echo cancelltion (EC--Echo Canceling) function; Have dtmf signal and detect and produce function; When speed when 4kbps is above, can obtain the speech quality near toll telephone; When speed is 2kbps, still have higher intelligibility and naturalness; This chip can carry out by serial ports the exchange of speech data, packed data, control word, and is simple efficient, is fit to and the master cpu interface.
Voice digitization also can be adopted in single-chip microcomputer and to realize that voice compression software realizes.Optionally comprise at present the multiple ripe algorithms such as CELP, the adjusting option that all has high compression ratio.Can adopt independent a slice single-chip microcomputer to be used for voice compression, also can in the situation that the master cpu arithmetic speed allows, in main control singlechip, directly realize voice compression algorithm.
The characteristics such as the encryption device of realizing at telephone line at present mainly contains analog encryption and digital encryption dual mode, and wherein digital form is strong owing to antijamming capability, and cipher mode is flexible, and confidential nature is good are to select preferably at present, but development difficulty is larger relatively.Should be used for quantum secure digital terminal and the collaborative work of quantum-key distribution server of PSTN network, in order to guarantee to greatest extent the fail safe of communication, adopt the technical scheme of digital encryption.
The quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network need to be encrypted data such as file, voice, and optimum and efficient algorithm is the stream cipher technology.The stream cipher technology is encrypted coding for each binary bits, and it is faster to compare block cipher stream cipher processing speed, also is more suitable for hardware and realizes.Stream cipher generally adopts xor operation, if adopt and isometric, reusable key very at random and not expressly, then can realize " one-time pad ".Owing to there is the quantum key server to finish strange land key distribution and synchronizing function, digital terminal need not to carry out root key to the pseudorandom expansion of encryption key again, can directly obtain encryption key from key server.
In 2.0kbps voice rate, full-duplex communication and, strict one-time pad requires receiving-transmitting sides to adopt different keys, if key generates in real time, then needs the real-time cipher key production rate of 4.0kbps.The quantum-key distribution server can satisfy this key demand of 1-2 road phone under 20 kilometers transmission ranges at present, soon can satisfy the real-time cipher key distribution of No. 20 phones.In the assurance large-and-medium size cities scope that this performance substantially can be real-time, smooth, carry out the key demand of secret telephony between medium-sized government, the business unit.
Select the RJ45 Ethernet interface as the connectivity port between key server and the equipment, send in real time key by key server according to the key demand of encryption device, server be responsible for carrying out receiving-transmitting sides synchronously.Encryption device is sent the user ID of partner to server, and the size of required key, and server is responsible for system communication opposite end server, provides required key to encryption device, and between the responsible key synchronously.Generally, key is namely abandoned after using, to guarantee maximized fail safe.
The quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network is realized enciphering and deciphering algorithm in master cpu or FPGA, adopt " one-time pad " algorithm, by bit key and binary system speech data is carried out XOR, and key is with expressly isometric.In addition, in order to tackle different application conditions and user's request, product also is designed with the existing ripe cryptographic algorithm that can use the approval of national commercial cipher management board, and international symmetric encipherment algorithm.Can carry out flexible configuration by firmware library.
Present PSTN network generally is the simulation access at the client terminal place, then is converted to digital signal behind the distributing cabinet that passes through operator and switch, and wherein there are distortion in digital-to-analogue, analog-to-digital conversion.This also is that written or printed documents is applied to the quantum secure digital terminal employing digital encryption of PSTN network rather than the reason of analog encryption.To carry out digital data transmission in the analog line in order being implemented in, need to carry out the modulation and demodulation of digital signal.Consider user's experience, should be used for having proposed on the quantum secure digital termination system Functional Design of PSTN network the user and carry out online the requirement that unencryped word and encrypted word switch.This is to the design of modulation, demodulation module and select to have proposed higher requirement.
The quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network adopts digital modems (MODEM) that digital signal modulated is become on the line transmission after the analog signal, when avoiding carrying out the interoffice exchange, and the distortion that the digital-to-analogue analog-to-digital conversion causes.Changing digital signal into equally after the demodulation of MODEM module at receiving terminal processes.The present invention adopts V.34 agreement realization, also can use instead as required and V.90 wait agreement.
The quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network can pass through digital interface (USB, SD card) etc., read the file on the storage medium, the key that is generated by encrypting module use amount quantum key distribution equipment is encrypted, by on the line transmission after the modulation of Modem module, after receiving terminal MODEM demodulation, revert to digital signal.Therefore the present invention also can realize that the unconditional security of file data sends at the PSTN network.
The quantum secure digital terminal that should be used for the PSTN network can be under talking state, the switching of permanent realization unencryped word and encrypted word, unencryped word is generally less than 16 seconds to the switching time of encrypted word, encrypted word to switching time of unencryped word less than 2 seconds.
Claims (8)
1. a quantum secure digital terminal that is applied to the PSTN network is characterized in that: comprise main controller, QKD cipher key service interface, voice compression coding module, CODEC module, modulation /demodulation module, circuit selection module, the first telephone line interface and the second telephone line interface; Main controller is connected with the quantum key server by QKD cipher key service interface;
Main controller sends the user ID of partner and the size of aequum sub-key by QKD cipher key service interface vector sub-key server; Main controller is also by QKD cipher key service interface quantities received sub-key; Main controller is electrically connected with the modulation /demodulation module, and the modulation /demodulation module selects module to be connected with circuit, and circuit selects module to be electrically connected with main controller; Main controller is electrically connected with the voice compression coding module, and the voice compression coding module is electrically connected with the CODEC module, and the CODEC module selects module to be electrically connected with circuit;
When receiving calls, the modulation /demodulation module will convert audio digital signals to and export to main controller from the analog voice signal that the first telephone line interface receives; Main controller use amount sub-key, the audio digital signals that the modulation demodulation module is sent here is decrypted, and the digital signal after then will deciphering is exported from the second telephone line interface;
When getting phone, main controller converts analog voice signal to audio digital signals by the CODEC module, and described voice compression coding module will be compressed through the audio digital signals that the CODEC module converts obtains, and forms compression digital signal; Main controller use amount sub-key is encrypted processing to compression digital signal, forms scrambled digital signal; With the scrambled digital signal converting analogue signals, described analog signal is by the output of the second telephone line interface by modulator-demodulator for main controller.
2. the quantum secure digital terminal that is applied to the PSTN network according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise with main controller being electrically connected for storing expressly and the memory of quantum key.
3. the quantum secure digital terminal that is applied to the PSTN network according to claim 2 is characterized in that: also comprise with main controller being electrically connected for the file fetch interface that reads on the storage medium; During Transmit message, the quantum key that main controller use amount subcipher server transmits is encrypted coding to the file that reads, and forms encrypt file; Main controller converts scrambled to the encryption analog signal by modulator-demodulator, and will encrypt analog signal and be sent to the PSTN network; When receiving file, adopt the stream cipher technology to compression digital signal is encrypted coding, and the simulation files signal that receives being converted modulator-demodulator to the digital document signal, main controller adopts the quantum key that the quantum cryptography server transmits that digital file signal is decrypted.
4. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described quantum secure digital terminals that are applied to the PSTN network, it is characterized in that: described main controller is single-chip microcomputer, DSP or FPGA.
5. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described quantum secure digital terminals that are applied to the PSTN network, it is characterized in that: described CODEC module is AD73311 voice digitization chip.
6. according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described quantum secure digital terminals that are applied to the PSTN network, it is characterized in that: described voice compression coding module is AMBE-2000 high compression ratio voice compression coding module.
7. it is characterized in that according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described quantum secure digital terminals that are applied to the PSTN network: main controller adopts the stream cipher technology to compression digital signal is encrypted coding.
8. it is characterized in that according to claim 1 and 2 or the 3 described quantum secure digital terminals that are applied to the PSTN network: main controller is connected with the quantum key server by the RJ45 Ethernet interface.
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Application publication date: 20130417 |