CN103050706B - Maleimide additive for lithium battery and corresponding lithium battery anode formula - Google Patents
Maleimide additive for lithium battery and corresponding lithium battery anode formula Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a maleimide additive for a lithium battery and a corresponding lithium battery anode formula. The additive is bismaleimide modified by cyanamide and melamine. For the battery prepared by the additive, a needling test proves that the stability of an obtained battery anode active material is increased, and the cycle life of the battery is prolonged. With the adoption of the additive, a protective film is formed on the surface of the anode active material, the anode active material can be prevented from being cracked during internal short circuit, and the battery is safer; in addition, as the good safe protective film is formed on the surface of the anode active material, the service life of the lithium battery is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery material field, be specifically related to a kind of lithium battery modified maleimide additive and corresponding lithium battery anode formula.
Background technology
Lithium rechargeable battery is the concept proposed by Armand the eighties in 20th century, and the positive and negative pole material that he proposes battery adopts the lithium ion material that can store and exchange, and when utilizing discharge and recharge, energy exchange is carried out in moving around of ion.
Within 1991, produced by LiCoO by Japanese Sony Corporation
2for positive electrode, carbon black are the commercial Li-ion battery of negative material, since then, lithium ion battery instead of rapidly NI-G, Ni-MH battery in various fields.Lithium ion battery has very wide application prospect in electric motor car and accumulate.Therefore, there is solid polymer lithium ion battery that is ultra-thin, ultralight, high-energy-density be in succession developed and move towards market.
But lithium ion battery also not exclusively meets existing use at present, and positive electrode especially of the prior art is due to reasons such as its atomic structures, and there is poor heat stability, under causing normal temperature or high temperature, cycle performance is poor, and battery life is low, the problems such as fail safe is not enough.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the present invention adopts cyanamide and cyanurotriamide modified maleimide, as the additive of lithium battery anode slurry, minus plate can be obtained through routine techniques batch mixing coating film forming, then battery is made into, charging after encapsulation, fail safe is high, the lithium ion battery of cycle life excellence under normal temperature and high temperature.
A kind of lithium battery maleimide additive refers to the modified maleimide modified by cyanamide and melamine.Described maleimide additive can be applicable to the anode formula composition material of lithium ion battery or lithium macromolecule battery.
The described lithium battery anode formula containing modified maleimide additive contains the material of following percentage by weight:
(I) 0.1 ~ 5% by cyanamide and cyanurotriamide modified bismaleimides or/and single maleimide reacts products therefrom;
The Kynoar of (II) 0.1 ~ 15%, acrylic resin and butadiene-styrene rubber;
(III) positive active material;
The conductive additive of (IV) 0.1 ~ 5%: as KS6 or CGCF or SP or VGCF.
Further, in described anode formula material, positive active material is: LiCoO
2or LiMnO
2or LiFePO
4or LNCM or NCA, or its mixture.
Further, in described anode formula material, bismaleimide structure is:
Wherein, m, n, o are 1,2,3,4,5
Or
Wherein, R can be the one in following group :-(CH
2)
2-,-(CH
2)
6-,-(CH
2)
8-,-(CH
2)
12-,
,
,
,
,
,
.
Further, in described anode formula material, single maleimide can be the one in following material:
(1). phenyl maleimide
(2). N-(to methylbenzene) maleimide
(3). N-(o-methyl-benzene) maleimide
(4). N-(methylbenzene) maleimide
(5). N-CYCLOHEXANE maleimide
(6). maleimide
(7). dimaleoyl imino phenol
(8). dimaleoyl imino benzocyclobutene
(9). phosphorous maleimide
(10). phosphate-containing maleimide
(11). silicone-containing maleimide
(12). N-(4-THP trtrahydropyranyl-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide
(13). 2,6-benzhydryl-maleimide.
Further, melamine or derivatives thereof in described anode formula material, its structure can be:
Wherein, H can by R
1, R
2, R
3, R
4, R
5, R
6replace.Wherein, R
1, R
2, R
3, R
4, R
5, R
6can be linear or branched alkyl.
Further, in described anode formula material, cyanamide is:
Wherein, R
1, R
2for H or linear or branched alkyl.
Further, reaction initiator can be added in described anode formula material.
Further, the reaction initiator in described anode formula material is peroxide or azodiisobutyronitrile.
Further, in described anode formula material, in (IV), conductive additive can carry out surface treatment.
Further, in described anode formula material, in (IV), the surface treatment of conductive additive can use following coupling agent:
(1) with the oxosilane coupling agent of vinyl-functional;
(2) unsaturated linear chain hydrocarbon carboxylic acids, its structural formula is:
CH
3(CH
2)
ncH=CH (CH
2)
ncOOH; N is the integer of 1 ~ 14.
Further, the unsaturated linear chain hydrocarbon carboxylic acids of the coupling agent of described anode formula material is oleic acid.
Further, in described anode formula material, the mol ratio of bismaleimides or single maleimide and melamine or derivatives thereof is 25:1 ~ 1:1.
Further, in described anode formula material, the mol ratio of melamine or derivatives thereof and amino nitrile described in (I) is 1.0:1.0 ~ 1.0:0.1.
Good effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention adopts the bismaleimides synthesis lithium ion battery of special molecular structure or the additive of lithium macromolecule battery anode sizing agent of cyanamide and the modification of trimerization of nitriles ammonia, lancing test is passed through to the battery that it is prepared into, add the stability of positive electrode active materials, and improve the cycle life of battery;
(2) because additive contains the bismaleimides of cyanamide and the modification of trimerization of nitriles ammonia, it is made to cover surface of positive electrode active material, thus avoid and inhibit the positive electrode active materials structural instability of electrolyte directly and caused by positive electrode active materials generation surface action, so just improve the cycle life of battery;
(3) additive therefor of the present invention defines diaphragm at surface of positive electrode active material; positive electrode active materials cracking can be stoped when internal short-circuit; make battery safer, the safety protective film simultaneously because being formed at surface of positive electrode active material, improves the useful life of lithium battery.
Embodiment
Describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but protection range is not limited thereto.
The preparation of the Maleimide additive of embodiment 1 cyanamide modification
Using 0.1mol melamine and 0.02mol cyanamide as initator, 340 mL NMP are solvent, to 0.2mol N, N '-4,4 '-diphenyl methane-bismaleimides carries out modification, above-mentioned substance reacts 3h at 130 DEG C, obtain with NMP be solvent containing the modified maleimide of cyanamide, be used as the additive of electrode material of lithium battery constituent formula.
By 1820g LiCoO
2, PVDF and 850gNMP of the KS6 of 120 g, 60 g mixes to obtain anode sizing agent.Then add the above-mentioned additive of 11.4g to mix, pour out mixture after then adding zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h, filter zirconium pearl, obtain anode sizing agent.
By standard lithium ion battery positive plate, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
The preparation of the Maleimide additive of embodiment 2 cyanamide modification
Using 0.1mol melamine and 0.02mol cyanamide as initator, 340mL NMP is solvent, to 0.2mol reactant N, N '-4,4 '-diphenyl ether-bismaleimides carries out modification, above-mentioned substance reacts 3h at 130 DEG C, obtain with NMP be solvent containing the modified maleimide of cyanamide, be used as the additive of electrode material of lithium battery constituent formula.
By 1820g LiCoO
2, PVDF and 850gNMP of the KS6 of 120 g, 60 g mixes to obtain anode sizing agent.Then add the above-mentioned additive of 11.4g to mix, pour out mixture after then adding zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h, filter zirconium pearl, obtain anode sizing agent.
By standard lithium ion battery positive plate, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
The preparation of the Maleimide additive of embodiment 3 cyanamide modification
Using 0.1mol melamine and 0.02mol cyanamide as initator, 270mLNMP is solvent, to 0.2mol reactant N, N '-4,4 '-phenyl-bismaleimides carries out modification, above-mentioned substance reacts 3h at 130 DEG C, obtain with NMP be solvent containing the modified maleimide of cyanamide, be used as the additive of electrode material of lithium battery constituent formula.
By 1820g LiMnO
2, PVDF and 850gNMP of the CGCF of 120 g, 60 g mixes to obtain anode sizing agent.Then add the above-mentioned additive of 11.0g to mix, pour out mixture after then adding mixing zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h, filter zirconium pearl, obtain anode sizing agent.
By standard lithium ion battery positive plate, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
The preparation of the Maleimide additive of embodiment 4 cyanamide modification
Using 0.1mol melamine and 0.02mol cyanamide as initator, 282mLNMP is solvent, to 0.2mol reactant N, N '-4,4 '-dimethyl-bismaleimides carries out modification, above-mentioned substance reacts 3h at 130 DEG C, obtain with NMP be solvent containing the modified maleimide of cyanamide, be used as the additive of electrode material of lithium battery constituent formula.
By 1820g LNCM, PVDF and 850gNMP of the SP of 120 g, 60 g mixes to obtain anode sizing agent.Then add the above-mentioned additive of 2.9 g to mix, pour out mixture after then adding zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h, filter zirconium pearl, obtain anode sizing agent.
By standard lithium ion battery positive plate, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
The preparation of the Maleimide additive of embodiment 5 cyanamide modification
Using 0.1mol melamine and 0.02mol cyanamide as initator, 340 mL NMP are solvent, to 0.2mol N, N '-4,4 '-diphenyl methane-bismaleimides carries out modification, above-mentioned substance reacts 3h at 130 DEG C, obtain with NMP be solvent containing the modified maleimide of cyanamide, be used as the additive of electrode material of lithium battery constituent formula.
By 1820g LiCoO
2, PVDF and 850gNMP of the KS6 of 120 g, 364 g mixes to obtain anode sizing agent.Then add the above-mentioned additive of 120g to mix, pour out mixture after then adding zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h, filter zirconium pearl, obtain anode sizing agent.
By standard lithium ion battery positive plate, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
The preparation of the Maleimide additive of embodiment 6 cyanamide modification
Using 0.1mol melamine and 0.02mol cyanamide as initator, 340mL NMP is solvent, to 0.2mol reactant N, N '-4,4 '-diphenyl ether-bismaleimides carries out modification, above-mentioned substance reacts 3h at 130 DEG C, obtain with NMP be solvent containing the modified maleimide of cyanamide, be used as the additive of electrode material of lithium battery constituent formula.
By 1820g NCA, PVDF and 850gNMP of the VGCF of 2.5 g, 2.5g mixes to obtain anode sizing agent.Then add the above-mentioned additive of 10g to mix, pour out mixture after then adding zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h, filter zirconium pearl, obtain anode sizing agent.
By standard lithium ion battery positive plate, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
Wherein, the preparation process of standard positive electrode plate described in embodiment 1 ~ 6 is:
(1) utilize coating machine with the coating speed of 1 meter/min gained anode sizing agent, at the slurry wet film that the copper foil surface coating thickness of 15 micron thickness is 180 microns, by slurry wet film respectively through the oven drying 30min of 100 DEG C and 130 DEG C, obtain the dry film that thickness is 120 microns;
(2) on another surface of above-mentioned dry film, same step is adopted to be coated with the dry film of same thickness 120 microns;
(3) utilize roller to roll to be coated with the aluminium foil of slurry, the rate of rolling is 0.7, obtains negative anode plate.
The preparation process of described standard negative plate is:
(1) by MCMB, 10gVGCF of 930g, 60gPVDF, 750gNMP mix, and pour out mixture, filter zirconium pearl, obtain cathode size after then adding zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h;
(2) utilize coating machine with the coating speed of 1 meter/min gained cathode size, at the slurry wet film that the copper foil surface coating thickness of 10 micron thickness is 180 microns, by slurry wet film respectively through the oven drying 30min of 100 DEG C and 130 DEG C, obtain the dry film that thickness is 120 microns;
(3) on another surface of above-mentioned dry film, same step is adopted to be coated with the dry film of same thickness 120 microns;
(4) utilize roller to roll to be coated with the aluminium foil of slurry, the rate of rolling is 0.7, obtains negative plates.
In order to confirm technique effect of the present invention, measure the properties of the lithium ion battery described in the present invention, result is as follows:
Embodiment finished battery performance and related data
。
(wherein, remaining 1 is under normal temperature, the electric discharge residual volume of 1C/1C 500 circulations, and remaining 2 is at 55 DEG C, the electric discharge residual volume of 1C/1C 500 circulations.Condition of Acupuncture: 2.5mm O.D; Speed 1mm/s).
Meanwhile, the present invention is directed to embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 to do and carried out contrast experiment:
Comparative example 1:
Only using 0.1mol melamine as initator, 340 mL NMP are solvent, to 0.2mol N, N '-4,4 '-diphenyl methane-bismaleimides carries out modification, above-mentioned substance reacts 3h at 130 DEG C, obtain with NMP be solvent containing the modified maleimide of cyanamide, be used as the additive of electrode material of lithium battery constituent formula.
By 1820g LiCoO
2, PVDF and 850gNMP of the KS6 of 120 g, 60 g mixes to obtain anode sizing agent.Then add the above-mentioned additive of 11.4g to mix, pour out mixture after then adding zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h, filter zirconium pearl, obtain anode sizing agent.
By standard lithium ion battery positive plate, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
Comparative example 2:
Using 0.1mol melamine as initator, 340mL NMP is solvent, to 0.2mol reactant N, N '-4,4 '-diphenyl ether-bismaleimides carries out modification, above-mentioned substance reacts 3h at 130 DEG C, obtain with NMP be solvent containing the modified maleimide of cyanamide, be used as the additive of electrode material of lithium battery constituent formula.
By 1820g LiCoO
2, PVDF and 850gNMP of the KS6 of 120 g, 60 g mixes to obtain anode sizing agent.Then add the above-mentioned additive of 11.4g to mix, pour out mixture after then adding zirconium pearl mixing 2.5h, filter zirconium pearl, obtain anode sizing agent.
By standard lithium ion battery positive plate, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
Comparative example 3:
By standard lithium ion anode, preparation method prepares positive plate, collocation standard negative plate, load onto the standard cell core being of a size of 5mm (height) * 59mm (length) * 37mm (wide), pour into above-mentioned liquid standard electrolytic liquid 4.2g, after encapsulation, obtain lithium ion battery.
In comparative example, finished battery performance-related data is:
。
Claims (15)
1. a lithium battery modified maleimide additive, is characterized in that: described additive refers to the modified maleimide modified containing cyanamide and melamine.
2. a kind of lithium battery modified maleimide additive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described additive application is in the anode formula composition material of lithium ion battery.
3. comprise an anode material of lithium battery for lithium battery modified maleimide additive described in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described formula contains the material of following percentage by weight:
(I) 0.1 ~ 5% by cyanamide and cyanurotriamide modified bismaleimides or/and single maleimide reacts products therefrom;
The Kynoar of (II) 0.1 ~ 15% or acrylic resin or butadiene-styrene rubber;
(III) positive active material;
The conductive additive of (IV) 0.1 ~ 5%: with KS6 or CGCF or SP or VGCF.
4. positive electrode according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described positive active material is: LiCoO
2or LiMnO
2or LiFePO
4or LNCM or NCA, or its mixture.
5. positive electrode according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described bismaleimide structure is:
Wherein, m, n, o are 1,2,3,4,5;
Or
Wherein, R is the one in following group :-(CH
2)
2-,-(CH
2)
6-,-(CH
2)
8-,-(CH
2)
12-,
,
,
,
,
,
.
6. positive electrode according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described single maleimide is the one in following material:
(1) phenyl maleimide
(2) N-CYCLOHEXANE maleimide
(3) maleimide
(4) dimaleoyl imino phenol
(5) dimaleoyl imino benzocyclobutene
(6) phosphorous maleimide
(7) maleimide of silicone-containing
(8) N-(4-THP trtrahydropyranyl-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide
(9) 2,6-benzhydryl-maleimides.
7. positive electrode according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described melamine is:
Wherein, H can be replaced by linear or branched alkyl.
8. positive electrode according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described cyanamide is
Wherein, R
1, R
2for H or linear alkyl or branched alkyl.
9. positive electrode according to claim 3, is characterized in that: add reaction initiator in described positive electrode.
10. positive electrode according to claim 9, is characterized in that: the reaction initiator in described positive electrode is peroxide or azodiisobutyronitrile.
11. positive electrodes according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in (IV), conductive additive carries out surface treatment.
12. positive electrodes according to claim 11, is characterized in that: in (IV), the surface treatment of conductive additive uses following coupling agent:
(1) with the silicone coupling agents of vinyl-functional; Or
(2) unsaturated linear chain hydrocarbon carboxylic acids, its structural formula is:
CH
3(CH
2)
ncH=CH (CH
2)
ncOOH; N is the integer of 1 ~ 14.
13. positive electrodes according to claim 12, is characterized in that: unsaturated linear chain hydrocarbon carboxylic acids is oleic acid.
14. positive electrodes according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the mol ratio of bismaleimides or single maleimide and melamine described in (I) is 25:1 ~ 1:1.
15. positive electrodes according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the mol ratio of melamine and amino nitrile described in (I) is 1.0:1.0 ~ 1.0:0.1.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11848444B2 (en) | 2019-11-12 | 2023-12-19 | National Taiwan University Of Science And Technology | Preparation method of positive electrode material of lithium battery |
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| CN105244539B (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2018-02-02 | 江苏华东锂电技术研究院有限公司 | additive, electrolyte solution and lithium ion battery |
| CN105336954B (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2018-10-26 | 江苏华东锂电技术研究院有限公司 | Anode composite material and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery |
| CN105449217B (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2019-06-18 | 江苏华东锂电技术研究院有限公司 | Anode composite material and lithium ion battery |
| CN104269513B (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2017-06-13 | 江苏华东锂电技术研究院有限公司 | Anode composite material and lithium ion battery with and preparation method thereof |
| CN107078338A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2017-08-18 | 三井化学株式会社 | Lithium secondary battery |
| CN105390737B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-11-24 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery with the dynamic protective effect of heat |
| CN105304934B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-11-21 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Positive pole is modified high security lithium ion battery |
| CN105244551B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2017-11-21 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Negative pole is modified high security lithium ion battery |
| CN105742706B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2018-06-29 | 朱政 | A kind of lithium battery anode additive |
| CN107681154A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-02-09 | 福建猛狮新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion cell positive and preparation method thereof and preparation method of lithium ion battery |
| CN109988330B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2021-10-26 | 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 | High-temperature-resistant coating modified diaphragm and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101212052A (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2008-07-02 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Battery electrode paste compound containing modified maleimide |
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| CN101212052A (en) * | 2006-12-30 | 2008-07-02 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Battery electrode paste compound containing modified maleimide |
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