CN103048362A - 一种对氢气敏感的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料 - Google Patents

一种对氢气敏感的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103048362A
CN103048362A CN2013100182556A CN201310018255A CN103048362A CN 103048362 A CN103048362 A CN 103048362A CN 2013100182556 A CN2013100182556 A CN 2013100182556A CN 201310018255 A CN201310018255 A CN 201310018255A CN 103048362 A CN103048362 A CN 103048362A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
palladium
hydrogen
silicon
carbon
silicon dioxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2013100182556A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN103048362B (zh
Inventor
薛庆忠
杜永刚
张忠阳
夏富军
雷拓
韩治德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China University of Petroleum East China
Original Assignee
China University of Petroleum East China
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China University of Petroleum East China filed Critical China University of Petroleum East China
Priority to CN201310018255.6A priority Critical patent/CN103048362B/zh
Publication of CN103048362A publication Critical patent/CN103048362A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103048362B publication Critical patent/CN103048362B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种具有优异氢气敏感效应的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料,该材料是通过对碳膜的掺杂和加入二氧化硅插层的方法,优化了钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结的电学性能,从而制备出具有优异氢气敏感效应的钯/钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅异质结新材料。该材料可以用于开发性能优异的氢气敏感器件,该器件无需加热器,能在室温下工作,且具有耗能低,工艺简单,灵敏度高,响应、恢复时间短的特点,在气体探测领域,具有重要的应用前景。

Description

一种对氢气敏感的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有优异氢气敏感效应的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料。 
背景技术
氢气是一种重要的工业气体,在化工和石油炼制、生物医药工业、半导体电子工业中都有重要的应用。由于氢气的生产原料丰富、燃烧时不产生污染等特点,氢气被认为是将来可替代石油、煤等传统能源的新型清洁能源。但由于氢气无色无味、易燃易爆,因此,在氢气的生产、储存和运输过程中,就需要用可靠的气敏传感器来探测氢气是否泄漏和监控氢气浓度的变化[Sens.Actuators B157(2011)329-352]。 
然而,目前商用的氢气传感器存在体积大成本高的缺点,另外,基于很多材料(如金属氧化物等)制造的氢气传感器需要预加热及高温操作,而这将会导致高耗能,在某些恶劣环境下还会带来危险[Int.J.Hydrogen Energy32(2007)1145]。近些年来,随着纳米科技的兴起,国内外研究者们开始致力于研发基于纳米材料(如GaN、GaAs、SiC、Si基的纳米材料以及Pd纳米线、Ti纳米管、ZnO纳米棒、InN纳米带等纳米材料)的气体传感器,但是该类纳米材料的器件制作要求严格、成本高,不适用于产业化。因此,需要选择合适的材料制造敏感性高、选择性好、耗能低、体积小、成本低的氢气敏感传感器。 
由于非晶碳材料在很多领域有着巨大的应用前景,非晶碳膜的研究已经引起人们的广泛关注。改变非晶碳材料的制备方法和条件可以获得性能各异的非晶碳膜。目前,人们利用能量损失谱、高分辨电子显微镜等手段研究了非晶碳膜的微观结构。为了理解非晶碳膜的微结构和电子结构的形成机理,人们还将N、H、P、B、Si等元素掺杂在非晶碳膜中以研究掺杂对非晶碳膜的微观结构的形成机理和物理特性的影响。结果表明掺杂对非晶碳膜的微结构和电子结构具有重要的影响。 
近来,基于碳/硅异质结,利用钯膜作为催化层,我们开发出了一种具有氢气敏感特性的钯/硼掺杂碳膜/硅异质结材料[Sens.Actuators B161(2012)1102],常温下该异质结的电容在100ppm和纯氢气的氛围中分别增长15%和86%。 
本发明中,我们通过对碳膜的掺杂和加入二氧化硅插层,优化了钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结的电学性能,从而制备了出高性能的氢气敏感器件。 
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过对碳膜的掺杂和加入二氧化硅插层,优化钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结的电学性能,从而制备出具有优异氢气敏感效应的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料。 
本发明的目的是这样实现的,我们选取了厚度为0.5毫米的单晶硅片作为基底,保留其自然氧化层,清洗硅片以获得干净的表面,用直流磁控溅射方法在其表面上溅射一层钯掺杂的非晶碳膜,获得钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅结构,之后,透过一个中空金属罩,用直流磁控溅射方法在其表面上溅射一层钯薄膜作催化层,从而获得钯/钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅结构的新材料。该材料具有优异的氢气敏感特性,可用于制造氢气敏感器件。 
该钯/钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料可通过以下步骤实现: 
(1)将纯度为99.9%的石墨粉和一定量的纯度为99.9%钯粉混合、冷压获得含有0~5%原子数含量的钯元素的钯-石墨复合靶。 
(2)依次用乙醇、丙酮在超声波中清洗硅片5分钟,去离子水清洗硅片1分钟。 
(3)将清洗好的硅基片放入溅射室,开启抽真空系统进行抽真空。 
(4)当背景真空为2×10-4帕时,通入氩气,并维持3帕的压强,待气压稳定后,开始用掺钯的石墨复合靶溅射,溅射直流电压为0.40千伏,溅射直流电流为0.12安培,溅射时间为30至120分钟,溅射温度为室温至400℃。 
(5)溅射完毕后,停止通氩气,抽真空系统继续工作,使样品在真空度较高的环境下自然冷却,待样品温度降至室温。 
(6)当背景真空为2×10-4帕时,通入氩气,并维持3帕的压强,待气压稳定后,开始用纯度为99.9%钯靶溅射,溅射直流电压为0.26千伏,溅射直流电流为0.20安培,溅射时间为1至5分钟,溅射温度为室温。 
(7)溅射完毕后,停止通氩气,抽真空系统继续工作,使样品在真空度较高的环境下保持2小时,然后取出样品。 
这样由上述过程即可获得钯/钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料,该材料具有优异的氢气敏感效应。例如,室温条件下,该材料的电阻在4%浓度的氢气中比在空气中增加16000%,响应时间约为100秒,恢复时间约为10秒。 
本发明所提供的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料,可以用其开发优异的氢气敏感器件,该器件无需加热器,能在室温下工作,耗能低,工艺简单,灵敏度高,响应、恢复时间短。 
附图说明
图1依据本发明所提供的钯/钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅异质结的氢气传感器示意图。 
图2依据本发明提供的钯/钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅异质结的氢气传感器在室温下、纯氢气中的敏感性能测试结果。 
图3依据本发明提供的钯/钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅异质结的氢气传感器在室温下不同浓度的氢气中的敏感性能测试结果。 
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例来详细描述本发明。 
实施例1,将纯度为99.9%的石墨粉和少量的纯度为99.9%钯粉混合、冷压获得钯的原子数含量为1.2%的钯-石墨复合靶。用磁控溅射的方法将钯-碳复合靶溅射到一块厚度为0.5毫米的保留自然氧化层2的硅晶片1上,如附图1,在硅晶片上形成一层厚度为100纳米的钯掺杂碳薄膜3,再用磁控溅射的方法在钯掺杂碳薄膜3上溅射一层钯薄膜4,厚度为15纳米,硅晶片和碳薄膜的面积均为1cm×1cm,钯薄膜的面积为0.5cm×0.5cm。钯薄膜4和铟金属层5分别作为上、下电极,在6、7接点处连接电源线,串联接通直流电源8和电流表9,直流电源8的电压为0.5伏。这样,一种具有钯/钯掺杂碳膜/二氧化硅/硅异质结的氢气传感器制备完毕,其制备参数为:(1)钯掺杂碳薄膜:溅射直流电压为0.40千伏,溅射直流电流为0.12安培,溅射沉积温度为360℃,溅射时间为90分钟。(2)钯薄膜:溅射直流电压为0.26千伏,溅射直流电流为0.20安培,溅射沉积温度为室温,溅射时间为2分钟。 
对样品在室温下的电阻对纯氢气和空气的敏感性进行了测试,测试结果如图2所示。结果表明:在纯氢气氛围下,样品的电阻比空气中增加约60000%。对样品在室温下的电阻对不同浓度的氢气和空气的敏感性进行了测试,测试结果如图3所示。实验表明:在4%的氢气氛围下,样品的电阻比空气中增加约16000%,响应时间约为100秒,恢复时间约为10秒。 

Claims (1)

1.一种对氢气敏感的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料 
其特征是,钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结具有优异氢气敏感效应。 
CN201310018255.6A 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 一种对氢气敏感的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料 Expired - Fee Related CN103048362B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310018255.6A CN103048362B (zh) 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 一种对氢气敏感的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310018255.6A CN103048362B (zh) 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 一种对氢气敏感的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103048362A true CN103048362A (zh) 2013-04-17
CN103048362B CN103048362B (zh) 2015-04-08

Family

ID=48061078

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201310018255.6A Expired - Fee Related CN103048362B (zh) 2013-01-18 2013-01-18 一种对氢气敏感的钯/碳/二氧化硅/硅异质结材料

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103048362B (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104282526A (zh) * 2013-07-11 2015-01-14 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种用于飞行时间质谱的磁控溅射团簇离子源
CN105424768A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-23 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 氢气传感器芯体用介质材料、氢气传感器芯体及其制备方法和应用

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030203583A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2003-10-30 Malik Roger J. Method and apparatus for a self-aligned heterojunction bipolar transistor using dielectric assisted metal liftoff process
EP1521080A1 (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-06 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Optical hydrogen sensor and system
CN101013098A (zh) * 2007-02-02 2007-08-08 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有nh3气体敏感效应的碳/硅异质结材料
CN101013726A (zh) * 2007-02-02 2007-08-08 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有气压敏感效应的碳/硅异质结新材料及其应用
CN101334413A (zh) * 2008-07-11 2008-12-31 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有酒精气体敏感效应的碳薄膜/硅异质结材料及其制备方法
CN102012385A (zh) * 2010-09-16 2011-04-13 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有氢气敏感效应的钯/碳/硅异质结材料
CN102214722A (zh) * 2011-04-18 2011-10-12 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有光电导效应的钯掺杂碳膜/氧化物/半导体材料
CN102368503A (zh) * 2011-10-17 2012-03-07 清华大学 一种碳纳米管-硅异质结太阳能电池及其制作方法

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030203583A1 (en) * 2001-03-20 2003-10-30 Malik Roger J. Method and apparatus for a self-aligned heterojunction bipolar transistor using dielectric assisted metal liftoff process
EP1521080A1 (en) * 2003-10-02 2005-04-06 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Optical hydrogen sensor and system
CN101013098A (zh) * 2007-02-02 2007-08-08 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有nh3气体敏感效应的碳/硅异质结材料
CN101013726A (zh) * 2007-02-02 2007-08-08 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有气压敏感效应的碳/硅异质结新材料及其应用
CN101334413A (zh) * 2008-07-11 2008-12-31 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有酒精气体敏感效应的碳薄膜/硅异质结材料及其制备方法
CN102012385A (zh) * 2010-09-16 2011-04-13 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有氢气敏感效应的钯/碳/硅异质结材料
CN102214722A (zh) * 2011-04-18 2011-10-12 中国石油大学(华东) 一种具有光电导效应的钯掺杂碳膜/氧化物/半导体材料
CN102368503A (zh) * 2011-10-17 2012-03-07 清华大学 一种碳纳米管-硅异质结太阳能电池及其制作方法

Non-Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JIANPENG LI ET AL.: "Room-temperature hydrogen-sensitive characteristics of Pd/boron doped amorphous carbon film/n-Si structure", 《SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B:CHEMICAL》 *
JIANPENG LI ET AL.: "Room-temperature hydrogen-sensitive characteristics of Pd/boron doped amorphous carbon film/n-Si structure", 《SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B:CHEMICAL》, vol. 161, 3 January 2012 (2012-01-03), pages 1102 - 1107, XP028447843, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.snb.2011.12.033 *
QINGZHONG XUE ET AL.: "Large photoconductivity of Pd doped amorphous carbon film/SiO2/Si", 《DIAMOND&RELATED MATERIALS》 *
QINGZHONG XUE ET AL.: "Large photoconductivity of Pd doped amorphous carbon film/SiO2/Si", 《DIAMOND&RELATED MATERIALS》, vol. 21, 30 January 2012 (2012-01-30), pages 24 - 27, XP028435050, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2011.10.008 *
VLADIMIR AROUTIOUNIAN: "Metal oxide hydrogen,oxygen,and carbon monoxide sensors for hydrogen setups and cells", 《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY》, vol. 32, 23 February 2007 (2007-02-23), pages 1145 - 1158, XP022093237, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2007.01.004 *
马明: "钯掺杂非晶碳膜_二氧化硅_硅异质结的制备及其光电特性的研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文 工程科技Ⅰ辑》, 30 November 2011 (2011-11-30), pages 1 - 54 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104282526A (zh) * 2013-07-11 2015-01-14 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种用于飞行时间质谱的磁控溅射团簇离子源
CN105424768A (zh) * 2015-11-30 2016-03-23 中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所 氢气传感器芯体用介质材料、氢气传感器芯体及其制备方法和应用

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103048362B (zh) 2015-04-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Song et al. Enhanced triethylamine sensing performance of α-Fe2O3 nanoparticle/ZnO nanorod heterostructures
Chow et al. Synthesis and characterization of Cu-doped ZnO one-dimensional structures for miniaturized sensor applications with faster response
Li et al. Mesoporous WO3-TiO2 heterojunction for a hydrogen gas sensor
Shen et al. In-situ growth of mesoporous In2O3 nanorod arrays on a porous ceramic substrate for ppb-level NO2 detection at room temperature
Sun et al. Selective oxidizing gas sensing and dominant sensing mechanism of n-CaO-decorated n-ZnO nanorod sensors
Park et al. Role of the interfaces in multiple networked one-dimensional core–shell nanostructured gas sensors
Yan et al. Electrochemical deposition of ZnO nanostructures onto porous silicon and their enhanced gas sensing to NO2 at room temperature
Abdullah et al. High performance room temperature GaN-nanowires hydrogen gas sensor fabricated by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique
Kumar et al. Fabrication of porous silicon filled Pd/SiC nanocauliflower thin films for high performance H2 gas sensor
Bi et al. Synthesis of NiO-In2O3 heterojunction nanospheres for highly selective and sensitive detection of ppb-level NO2
CN103558253B (zh) 基于钯/二氧化钛/二氧化硅/硅异质结的氢气探测器
Li et al. La3+ doped SnO2 nanofibers for rapid and selective H2 sensor with long range linearity
Du et al. Hydrogen gas sensing properties of Pd/aC: Pd/SiO2/Si structure at room temperature
Zhou et al. NO2 sensing properties of WO3 porous films with honeycomb structure
Bai et al. NiO/ZnO composite decorated on rGO for detection of NO2
Xue et al. Synthesis of Fe2O3/WO3 nanocomposites with enhanced sensing performance to acetone
Zhang et al. Switching effect of p-CuO nanotube/n-In2S3 nanosheet heterostructures for high-performance room-temperature H2S sensing
Ling et al. High hydrogen response of Pd/TiO2/SiO2/Si multilayers at room temperature
Dang et al. Hydrothermal growth and hydrogen selective sensing of nickel oxide nanowires
Dong et al. Nonaqueous synthesis of Pd-functionalized SnO2/In2O3 nanocomposites for excellent butane sensing properties
CN105699440B (zh) 一种氧化钨纳米花氢气传感器的制备方法
Tonezzer et al. Selective hydrogen sensor for liquefied petroleum gas steam reforming fuel cell systems
Qu et al. Mesoporous InN/In2O3 heterojunction with improved sensitivity and selectivity for room temperature NO2 gas sensing
Wang et al. Synthesis and low temperature methane sensing performance of Pd modified In2O3 microspheres
Wan et al. Conductometric sensor for ppb-level lithium-ion battery electrolyte leakage based on Co/Pd-doped SnO2

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20150408

Termination date: 20200118