CN103047676A - Extinguishment preventing, deflagration preventing and combustion stabilizing automatic control method on basis of single nozzle for hearth - Google Patents
Extinguishment preventing, deflagration preventing and combustion stabilizing automatic control method on basis of single nozzle for hearth Download PDFInfo
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- CN103047676A CN103047676A CN2012105825302A CN201210582530A CN103047676A CN 103047676 A CN103047676 A CN 103047676A CN 2012105825302 A CN2012105825302 A CN 2012105825302A CN 201210582530 A CN201210582530 A CN 201210582530A CN 103047676 A CN103047676 A CN 103047676A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an extinguishment preventing, deflagration preventing and combustion stabilizing automatic control method on the basis of a single nozzle for a hearth. The extinguishment preventing, deflagration preventing and combustion stabilizing automatic control method is characterized in that signals inputted into an extinguishment preventing, deflagration preventing and combustion stabilizing automatic control device of the nozzle at least include black dragon zone length signals of combustion flame at an outlet of the nozzle of a combustor; the extinguishment preventing, deflagration preventing and combustion stabilizing automatic control device of the nozzle automatically adjusts operation according to the inputted signals; automatic adjustment operational logics inside the device include that values of the black dragon zone length of the combustion flame at the outlet of the nozzle of the combustor are given, and the black dragon zone length signals of the combustion flame at the outlet of the nozzle of the combustor and the given values participate in automatic control operation; and control instructions outputted by the extinguishment preventing, deflagration preventing and combustion stabilizing automatic control device of the nozzle at least include one of a circumferential air quantity adjusting instruction signal for the nozzle, a fuel quantity adjusting instruction of the single nozzle, a one-step air speed requirement signal and an oil feeding enabling/disenabling combustion stabilizing instruction for the nozzle. The extinguishment preventing, deflagration preventing and combustion stabilizing automatic control method has the advantages that the quantity of fuel coal of the nozzle of a boiler and the peripheral air quantity and the air distribution quantity of the combustion nozzle are automatically adjusted, extinguishment and deflagration of the boiler are prevented, fuel mixtures inside the hearth are combusted stably, and a combustion field of the boiler is stabilized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the control method of the nozzles of boiler furnace, relate in particular to a kind of boiler burner hearth nozzles anti-fire extinguishing, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control scheme.
Background technology
The boiler actual operating mode is the off-design operating mode often, no matter be that the variation of fuel mixture volatile matter, first temperature change, heat output of fuel changes, the import misture strength changes, the activation energy of fuel mixture changes, the quantitative change of burner air distribution, all can cause burner hearth burner combustion operating mode; The actual coal that uses of boiler is off-design and check coal often, when using coal type change, the nozzles internal-combustion operating mode of burner hearth also changes; Coal type change easily causes boiler combustion status to change, and flame-out phenomenon easily occurs under the underload; Operations staff's adjusting level is different, and is also different to the result that burner combustion status analysis in the stove is judged, the adjusting direction that the analysis judged result of mistake can lead to errors causes nozzles and burner hearth flame-out; The boiler combustion field changes greatly at present, also needs human intervention to regulate coal-fired, air distribution, even throws the steady combustion of oil.Also there are not at present security, the smooth combustion of feasible adjustment control method, realization boiler furnace nozzles and burner hearth both at home and abroad; At present domesticly to the safe Adopts measure of hearth combustion be: after monitoring stove chamber fire-extinguishing, the action of boiler safety protection system; External heat power station burning coal is stable, because changing, burning coal cause the boiler combustion status variation phenomenon not obvious, so the world is not also opened up this field, also do not realize at present the automatically method of control of the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth, anti-detonation, steady combustion both at home and abroad fully.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles basis, prevent detonation, surely fire autocontrol method, can automatically adjust the Coal-fired capacity of boiler nozzles, the air quantity of burning nozzles, make the boiler nozzles remain on the state of steady combustion, avoid occurring the fire extinguishing situation, safe ready.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals: the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles basis, anti-detonation, steady combustion autocontrol method, include the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automaton, be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, the signal of steady combustion automaton has at least: the black imperial section length signal of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automaton is regulated computing automatically according to input signal, in the automatic adjusting arithmetic logic of device inside following arithmetic logic is arranged: the black imperial section length set-point that the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet is arranged, black imperial section length signal and the set-point of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet participate in automatic control algorithm, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, the control instruction of steady combustion automaton output has in the following items at least: nozzles circumference air quantity regulating command signal, the fuel quantity regulating command of single nozzles, the primary air velocity requirement command, nozzles are/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
Described nozzles are anti-puts out a fire, prevents detonation, surely fires automaton to be the numeric type control device, is the part of DCS control device or independent control device; The signal that be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fires automaton also has at least: the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire in the automatic adjusting arithmetic logic of automaton inside and also have following arithmetic logic: the temperature given value of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area, the temperature given value of the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area and burner combustion flame region or adjacent area participates in automatic control algorithm.
Be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, the signal of steady combustion automaton also has at least: the diffusion angle signal of burner nozzles primary air jet, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, also has following arithmetic logic in the automatic adjusting arithmetic logic of steady combustion automaton inside: the given logic of diffusion angle definite value of burner nozzles primary air jet, the diffusion angle definite value of 90 ° 〉=burner nozzles primary air jet 〉=0 °, the diffusion angle set-point of the diffusion angle signal of burner nozzles primary air jet and burner nozzles primary air jet participates in automatic control algorithm, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, the control instruction of steady combustion automaton output has in the following items at least: nozzles circumference air quantity regulating command signal, the fuel quantity regulating command of single nozzles, the primary air velocity requirement command, the angle of flare governor motion stroke instruction of primary air jet, nozzles are/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
The anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire automaton inside and also include the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit, the signal that be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely fires automatic control unit has at least: temperature signal, the grate firing material command signal of black imperial section length signal, burner combustion flame region or the adjacent area of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet, these signals are as the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely fire the homophony signal of automatic control unit; The anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely firing the signal of exporting behind the automatic control algorithm of automatic control unit and have in the following items one at least: the fuel quantity regulating command of burner nozzles, the regulating command of air distribution amount, nozzles layer be/no permission throws the steady combustion of oil instruction.
The anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire automaton inside and also include the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit, the signal that be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fires automatic control unit has at least: layer flame kernel temperature signal, boiler load signal, main vapour pressure signal, nozzles or pulverized coal preparation system open, stop status signal, the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire in the automatic control unit physical height according to the fire box temperature measuring point, divide the n layer measuring point signal, n 〉=1; The flame kernel temperature of each layer is drawn by x the burner hearth internal temperature signal arithmetic operator of this layer, and is linear functional relation, x 〉=1 with x the burner hearth internal temperature signal of this layer; The anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit following arithmetic logic is arranged: the flame kernel temperature given value of each nozzles layer is greater than the amplitude limit logic of the minimum steady combustion temperature of each burning zone; The flame kernel temperature given value of nozzles layer carries out automatic control algorithm with other input signal again, and the signal of automatically exporting behind the control algorithm is no less than a kind of in the following items: and each layer fuel quantity instruction correction signal, each layer air distribution amount instruction correction signal, primary air velocity regulating command, full burner hearth be/and no permission throws total heat-exchange power signal that the steady combustion of oil instruction, hearth combustion produce.
The anti-fire extinguishing of described full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire following arithmetic logic is arranged in the automatic control unit: rough calculation goes out a layer flame kernel temperature given value T
NSV, main vapour pressure value P can substitute with given load value N, then
N is given load value; D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back the combination function.
The computing function of the flame kernel temperature given value exact value of described each layer is as follows:
T wherein
NSVA layer flame kernel temperature given value;
P is main vapour pressure; The given load value of N; D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back the combination function;
According to
, the individual layer ideal temperature set-point that calculates participates in automatic control algorithm.
The anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire the suitable value signal of total heat-exchange power that the hearth combustion of automatic control unit output produces and deliver to the boiler load control module.
The described total heat-exchange power quite computing formula of value is:
Q is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system;
n=1、2… n
Wherein:
Be the temperature point of n layer corresponding to pass through radiation mode mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange;
Be the radiation heat transfer empirical coefficient that is complementary with automatic regulating system;
Be blackness;
The individual layer temperature spot is corresponding, and to pass through stream energy mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange:
Wherein
It is the temperature of convection heating surface corresponding to the temperature point of n layer.
The present invention proposes the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion autocontrol method, the anti-fire extinguishing of burner hearth nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control system is deteriorated according to the burner combustion that monitors, the real time status data of unstable combustion, automatically adjust the Coal-fired capacity of boiler nozzles, the circumference air quantity of burning nozzles, the air distribution amount, avoid boiler extinguishment, detonation, make burner hearth fuel mixture burns stable, make the boiler combustion field stable, avoid burner hearth knot reef, avoid the inner localized hyperthermia of burner hearth, can make boiler remain on optimal combustion state, the flying dust carbon containing is dropped to minimum, can keep the oxygen amount in optimum value, can make furnace outlet gas temperature stable, can avoid superheater, the reheater overtemperature, can reduce spray water flux, the boiler steam temperature, the boiler steam pressure is stable, can make in a word boiler at desirable fired state.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the automatic control algorithm functional block diagram of nozzles automatic regulating system inside;
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of the intermediate storage pulverized coal preparation system of embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the unit pulverized-coal system control flow chart of embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 is the control flow chart of the intermediate storage pulverized coal preparation system of embodiment 3.
Fig. 5 is the unit pulverized-coal system control flow chart of embodiment 4;
Fig. 6 is the control flow chart of embodiment 5;
Fig. 7 is the control flow chart of embodiment 6;
The specific embodiment
The case of fire of burner nozzles outlet flammable mixture air-flow is directly characterizing the stable case of burner hearth burner combustion; Combustible air-flow ignition point is commonly referred to the Hei Long district with forefoot area, Hei Long district (the not combustion district) length-measuring appliance of the combustion flame of one cover nozzles is installed near the boiler-burner nozzles, continuous measurement is also exported Hei Long district (the combustion district) length signals of the combustion flame of nozzles, be the measurement boiler that provides in 201110344676.9 the Chinese patent application, the device of parameters for shape characteristic of flame in the container by application number, can measure Hei Long district (the combustion district) length signals of the combustion flame of nozzles.The temperature of burner nozzles flame area (or adjacent area) directly affects the ignition time of the flammable mixture air-flow of burner nozzles outlet, directly affect the flame propagation velocity of the flammable mixture air-flow of burner nozzles outlet, directly affect the ignition distance of the flammable mixture air-flow of burner nozzles outlet.The hearth combustion flame temperature can be measured by the temperature measuring equipment of infrared ray, thermocouple etc. mode.
The temperature of the burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area) that the Hei Long district of the combustion flame of the nozzles that measurement mechanism is measured (not combustion district) length signals, temperature measuring equipment are measured, be input to the nozzles self-checking device, the nozzles self-checking device carries out automatic control algorithm to the signal of input; The fuel quantity regulating command signal of output burner nozzles, circumference air quantity (the producer's called after nozzles inner second air amount that has) the regulating command signal of burner nozzles, output nozzles primary air velocity requirement command signal, burner nozzles air distribution amount regulating command signal; Regulate the fuel quantity of burner nozzles, the circumference air quantity (the producer's called after nozzles inner second air amount that has) of burner nozzles, and then ignition time and the flame propagation velocity of control flammable mixture air-flow velocity; Regulate the primary air velocity of burner nozzles, the air distribution amount of burner nozzles, and then control flammable mixture air-flow velocity.The stability relation of nozzles flammable mixture air-flow velocity, flame transmission speed and combustion flame is as follows:
Nozzles flammable mixture air-flow velocity is
, flame transmission speed is
,
The anti-fire extinguishing of burning nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method:
Nozzles self-checking device output control instruction is regulated the circumference air quantity of nozzles fuel quantity, burner nozzles, the primary air velocity of regulating the burner nozzles, the air distribution amount of burner nozzles, keeps
=
, keep Hei Long district (the combustion is not distinguished) length signals of nozzles flame in the burner hearth to regulate in the given number range in steady combustion, keep the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area) to be not less than the minimum temperature value that flame surely fires, do not stop working.
The temperature signal of the Hei Long district of the combustion flame of nozzles (not combustion district) length signals and burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area) is sent into the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, prevents detonation, is surely fired automatic control unit, as the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire the homophony signal of automatic control unit, the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit these signals are carried out automatic control algorithm, automatically the algorithm of control algorithm has PID computing, fuzzy operation, as shown in Figure 1.
L is Hei Long district (the not combustion district) length signals of the combustion flame of nozzles.
W is the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area).
Y1 is the instruction of nozzles fuel quantity regulatory demand,
Y2 is the instruction of nozzles primary air velocity regulatory demand,
Y3 is the regulating command of nozzles surrounding air,
In the situation such as underload or ature of coal be very poor, when the Hei Long district of burning nozzles flame (not combustion district) length was lower than the definite value of throwing the steady combustion of oil temperature greater than the temperature signal of throwing oil steady combustion definite value and a certain burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area), the auto-adjustment control computing output of these nozzles was thrown the steady combustion of oil and is allowed instruction.
There is a wind spray angle of some type of furnaces to be controlled by the primary air jet angle adjusting mechanism, automaton is by changing the stroke of primary air jet angle adjusting mechanism, regulate one time the wind spray angle, change stability that wind of primary air jet Angulation changes catches fire, change the adequacy of mixing of stove fuel and air distribution, change flying dust carbon containing; Swirling flow intensity, the circumference air quantity of burning air distribution are also influential to the primary air jet angle.The diffusion angle signal of burner nozzles primary air jet can be recorded for the measurement boiler that provides in 201110344676.9 the Chinese patent application, the device of parameters for shape characteristic of flame in the container by application number.
Based on the anti-fire extinguishing of the burning zone on single nozzles basis, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method: make the anti-fire extinguishing of each burner combustion of burning zone, anti-detonation, steady combustion by automatic adjusting, realize the anti-fire extinguishing of burning zone, anti-detonation, steady combustion.
The floor that the Hei Long district of the temperature signal of the flame region of each nozzles that are in same burning zone (or adjacent area) and combustion flame (not combustion district) length signals is delivered to take single nozzles as the basis surely fires control module; The primary air jet angle is participated in the type of furnace that steady combustion is regulated, can also deliver to the diffusion angle signal of burner nozzles primary air jet take single nozzles as the basic steady combustion of layer control module.Control module carries out automatic control algorithm to these signals, and control algorithm comprises automatic adjusting PID computing, fuzzy operation automatically.Control module inside has: the black imperial section length set-point logic of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet, length when the black imperial section length set-point of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet takes off fire less than the combustion flame burning of nozzles, black imperial section length signal and the set-point of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet participate in automatic control algorithm; The temperature given value logic of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area, the minimum permissible temperature that the temperature given value of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area surely fires, do not put out a fire greater than the burner combustion flame safety, the temperature signal of the flame region of nozzles (or adjacent area) and the temperature given value of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area participate in automatic control algorithm; The given logic of diffusion angle definite value of burner nozzles primary air jet, the diffusion angle definite value of 90 ° 〉=burner nozzles primary air jet 〉=0 °, the diffusion angle definite value of the diffusion angle signal of burner nozzles primary air jet and burner nozzles primary air jet participates in automatic control algorithm.Control module is according to Hei Long district (the not combustion district) length of the combustion flame of each nozzles of burning zone and the deviation of set-point, the diffusion angle signal of the deviation burner nozzles primary air jet of the temperature value of nozzles flame region (or adjacent area) and set-point automatically adjusts, the Hei Long district of minimizing combustion flame (combustion district) length is surrounding air (inner second air) air quantity of long nozzles, increase the lower burner nozzles fuel quantity of flame region (or adjacent area) temperature value, adjust the angle of flare governor motion stroke of primary air jet, the primary air velocity of each burning nozzles of this layer of leveling, the air distribution amount of each burning nozzles of this layer of leveling, make the combustion flame of these each nozzles of floor Hei Long district (combustion district) length reach set-point, make the temperature value of each nozzles flame region (or adjacent area) of this layer reach set-point, according to each layer of the burner hearth flame kernel temperature requirement under the different load, automatic regulating system output control signal, control signal acts in the executing agency, executing agency regulates the fuel quantity of each grate firing burner nozzles, the air distribution amount, primary air flow, the temperature at each layer flame combustion center is approached and reach each layer flame kernel temperature given value, the flame kernel temperature of each layer draws (according to power function and inverse function computing thereof) by the functional operation of the temperature signal of each burner hearth nozzles flame region (or adjacent area) of this layer; When the flame kernel temperature of a certain burning zone was lower than the steady combustion of throwing oil temperature definite value (this value is determined according to the type of furnace, operating mode and design) in the automatic control logic, the steady combustion permission of this layer throwing oil instruction was sent in the computing of this burning zone of control logic auto-adjustment control automatically.
The anti-fire extinguishing of the burner hearth on single nozzles basis, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method: make the anti-fire extinguishing of each burning zone of burner hearth, anti-detonation, steady combustion by automatic adjusting, realize the just anti-fire extinguishing of burning of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, steady combustion.According to the physical height of fire box temperature measuring point, divide the n layer measuring point signal, n 〉=1; The flame kernel temperature of each layer is drawn by x the burner hearth internal temperature signal arithmetic operator of this layer, and is linear functional relation, x 〉=1 with x the burner hearth internal temperature signal of this layer.
Each layer of burner hearth flame kernel temperature signal (or temperature signal of nozzles flame region (or adjacent area)), the boiler load signal, main vapour pressure signal, each nozzles (or pulverized coal preparation system) open, stop status signal, send into the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit, the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit inside boiler load signal, main vapour pressure signal and each nozzles (pulverized coal preparation system) are opened, stop the flame kernel temperature given value that status signal carries out drawing after the computing each layer of nozzles; Automatic control unit carries out automatic control algorithm to these signals, and control algorithm comprises automatic adjusting PID computing, fuzzy operation automatically; Exporting the instruction of each layer fuel quantity, the amount instruction of each layer air distribution and the instruction of each layer central temperature to nozzles layer prevents fire extinguishing, prevents detonation, surely fires automatic control unit.Automatically the given temperature value of regulating each layer of burner hearth flame in the computing is not less than the minimum temperature value (this value is determined according to the type of furnace, operating mode and design) that layer flame surely fires, do not stop working, when the flame kernel temperature of burner hearth one deck was lower than to fixed temperature, the burner hearth nozzles were prevented fire extinguishing, prevent detonation, are surely fired the primary air velocity that automatic control algorithm increases this layer nozzles fuel quantity, reduces this layer nozzles; When the temperature of burner hearth internal-combustion layer flame kernel temperature is lower than the steady combustion of throwing oil temperature definite value, sends the oily steady combustion of throwing and allow instruction.
The operation method that full burner hearth is prevented fire extinguishing, prevented detonation, surely fires each layer temperature given value of automatic control unit:
The ratio of the emittance that the individual layer temperature spot is corresponding is mutually on duty:
Wherein:
Be the temperature point of n layer corresponding to pass through radiation mode mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange;
It is the fire box temperature of the temperature point measurement of n layer;
The individual layer temperature spot is corresponding, and to pass through stream energy mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange:
Wherein
The ratio of the gross energy that the individual layer temperature spot is corresponding is mutually on duty
(1)
During the boiler actual motion, different burners is thrown and is moved back combination D=(d
Ij), directly impact
Size;
The ratio of the gross energy that hearth combustion produces is mutually on duty
The gross energy q that hearth combustion produces is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system;
The single layer radiation energy is to entering the proportionality coefficient E of boiler evaporating section
NaZ, the individual layer convection energy enters the proportionality coefficient E of boiler evaporating section
NbZ, the energy that enters evaporator section is large on the impact of main vapour pressure; The single layer radiation energy is to entering the proportionality coefficient E of boiler overheating section
Nag, the individual layer convection energy enters the proportionality coefficient E of boiler overheating section
Nbg, the energy that enters superheat section is larger on the impact of main stripping temperature;
The corresponding position of temperature point is below the top measuring point of combustion flame and when the superheat section heating surface is following, in the automatic regulating system
,
Empirical value be:
q
NgThe energy of accepting for heating surface corresponding to the temperature point of n layer enters the energy of superheat section, and the corresponding position of temperature point is below the top measuring point of combustion flame and when the superheat section heating surface is following, q in the automatic regulating system
NgThe value of empirical value is 0,
Under desirable operating mode:
（4）
q
zFor the ratio of boiler evaporating section energy in automatic regulating system mutually on duty,
q
gThe ratio of boiler overheating section energy is mutually on duty in automatic regulating system;
D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination.
In concrete auto-adjustment control computing, mutually on duty with the evaporation energy that main vapour pressure can calculate the boiler demand according to the load instruction of boiler
, and superheat section energy equivalence value
,
The function of main vapour pressure P and load N,
（6）
Wherein
Be empirical coefficient, P is the main vapour pressure value, and N is load value.
Wherein
Be empirical coefficient, P is the main vapour pressure value, and N is load value.
Under the desirable operating mode:
（9）
Automatically regulate in the logic, the demand ignition temperature of obtaining the correspondence of the temperature point under the desirable operating mode according to equation (1) ~ (9), according to each layer temperature proximity be temperature point to fixed temperature
:
Can calculate the ideal temperature set-point of n layer according to formula (10),
Participate in auto-adjustment control;
When the control requirement was not too accurate, main vapour pressure value P can substitute with given load value N, then
N is given load value, D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back combination.
Algorithm to the automatic control algorithm of input signal in this method has automatic adjusting PID computing, fuzzy operation.
Below describe with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
To the anti-fire extinguishing of the type of furnace of intermediate storage-type pulverized coal preparation system that independent primary air fan is arranged, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method:
As shown in Figure 2, the Hei Long district of the combustion flame of nozzles (not combustion district) length signals, the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area), come from boiler load regulating system nozzles fuel quantity command signal, send into the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit, the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, after steady combustion automatic control unit carries out automatic control algorithm to these several signals, the rotating speed of machine supplying powder is directly controlled in the regulating command of output fuel quantity, and the machine supplying powder speed feedback is to the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit; Nozzles surrounding air actuator is directly controlled in the nozzles circumference air quantity regulating command of output, and actuator position feeds back to the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, prevents detonation, surely fires automatic control unit; The primary air velocity requirement command of output to primary air fan air quantity is regulated performance element; The output nozzles are thrown the steady combustion of oil; The air distribution amount instruction that comes from the nozzles of boiler load regulating system can be delivered to the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely be fired the air distribution amount instruction of exporting behind the automatic control unit control algorithm, again nozzles, also can be directly by or the air distribution amount instruction of the nozzles that send of boiler load regulating system directly control air distribution executing agency adjusting nozzles.
Embodiment 2
To the type of furnace of unit pulverized-coal system nozzles anti-fire extinguishing, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method:
As shown in Figure 3: the Hei Long district of the combustion flame of nozzles (not combustion district) length signals, the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area), come from for nozzles provide the nozzles fuel quantity feed-forward signal of the pulverized coal preparation system of fuel and be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit, the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit carries out automatic control algorithm to these several signals, nozzles surrounding air actuator is directly controlled in the nozzles circumference air quantity regulating command of output, and actuator position feeds back to the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit; The fuel quantity regulatory demand signal of the single nozzles of output is delivered to the coal mill control unit; The primary air velocity regulatory demand signal of the single nozzles of output is delivered to or the coal mill control unit; Output burning nozzles are/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction; The air distribution amount instruction of the nozzles of boiler wind speed adjustment amount regulon output can be delivered to the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely be fired the air distribution amount instruction of exporting behind the automatic control unit control algorithm, again nozzles, and air distribution executing agency adjusting nozzles are directly controlled in the air distribution amount instruction of the nozzles that also can be directly sent by the boiler load regulating system.
Embodiment 3
For the type of furnace of intermediate storage-type pulverized coal preparation system take the steady combustion of single nozzles as the anti-fire extinguishing of the nozzles layer on basis, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method, as shown in Figure 4:
The nozzles layer is prevented fire extinguishing, prevents detonation, is surely fired the following signal of automatic control unit reception: the temperature signal of nozzles flame region (or adjacent area), each nozzles of burning zone Hei Long district (the combustion district) length of combustion flame, come from the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit (or boiler load regulating system) layer air distribution amount command signal and grate firing material command signal, come from the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire the given signal of layer flame kernel temperature of automatic control unit (or the given calculation function piece of layer flame temperature).Layer flame kernel temperature given value be greater than the minimum temperature value of the steady combustion of layer, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely fires automatic control unit input signal is carried out automatic control algorithm, and control algorithm comprises the computing of automatic adjusting PID computing, fuzzy control automatically; The nozzles automatic regulating system is exported in the fuel quantity regulating command of output burner nozzles; The output burning zone is/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction; Export each nozzles air distribution amount regulating command of this layer, can deliver to the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire the air distribution amount instruction of exporting behind the automatic control unit control algorithm, again nozzles, air distribution executing agency adjusting nozzles are directly controlled in the air distribution amount instruction of also can be directly by the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely firing the nozzles that automatic control unit sends.The anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit make by above measure the black imperial section length of combustion flame of each burner nozzles of this layer poor in given range, the temperature of each burner combustion flame region or adjacent area in given range, and then make this grate firing burn anti-fire extinguishing, anti-detonation, steady combustion.
Embodiment 4
For the type of furnace of unit pulverized-coal system take the steady combustion of single nozzles as the anti-fire extinguishing of the nozzles layer on basis, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method, as shown in Figure 5:
Compare following different from embodiment 3: the nozzles layer is prevented fire extinguishing, anti-detonation, is surely fired automatic control unit to supplied the nozzles of powder by same set of pulverized coal preparation system, only export a fuel quantity regulating command, the regulating command of a powder feeding air quantity to the pulverized coal preparation system control module, regulate the coal-supplying amount of pulverized coal preparation system, regulating the powder feeding air quantity is primary air velocity; To an air distribution amount of the nozzles output regulating command by a minute airdoor control air distribution amount, the air distribution amount of regulating corresponding nozzles.
Embodiment 5
For the type of furnace of intermediate storage-type pulverized coal preparation system take the steady combustion of single nozzles as the anti-fire extinguishing of the full burner hearth on basis, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method, as shown in Figure 6:
The temperature signal of the Hei Long district of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlets (combustion district) length signals, burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area), from the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles floor, anti-detonation, surely fire nozzles fuel quantity command signal, the nozzles air distribution amount command signal of automatic control unit, enter the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, prevent detonation, surely fire automatic control unit; The anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely firing automatic control unit all input signals are carried out automatic control algorithm, the regulating command of output nozzles circumference air quantity, the regulating command of nozzles air distribution, the regulating command of nozzles outlet fuel quantity, output nozzles are/no permission throws the steady combustion of oil instruction, wind requirement command of nozzles; Each nozzles primary air velocity regulating command is delivered to the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, prevents detonation, is surely fired automatic control unit.
The nozzles floor is prevented fire extinguishing, prevents detonation, is surely fired the following signal of automatic control unit reception: the temperature signal of the Hei Long district of the combustion flame of each nozzles outlet of floor (firing the district) length signals, each burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area) of floor, the boiler load regulating system is sent the boiler oil instruction, the layer air distribution amount command signal that the boiler wind speed adjustment regulon sends, the layer air distribution amount correction signal, the layer fuel quantity correction signal that come from complete anti-fire extinguishing, prevent detonation, surely fire automatic control unit; The anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit these several signals carried out automatic control algorithm after; Export each nozzles fuel quantity regulating command of this layer and deliver to the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit with each nozzles air distribution amount regulating command of this layer, the output burning zone is/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
The anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit and accept lower column signal: each layer flame kernel flame temperature signal, boiler load signal, the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire primary air velocity command signal, each nozzles that automatic control unit sends and open, stop status signal.Complete anti-fire extinguishing, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit all input signals are carried out exporting behind the automatic control algorithm: the instruction of each layer fuel quantity, the instruction of each layer air distribution amount, output primary air fan air quantity regulatory demand to primary air fan air quantity is regulated performance element, the gross energy instruction that the output hearth combustion produces, to the boiler load regulon, the steady combustion of oil instruction is thrown in output when layer flame of centre temperature is lower than burner hearth and throws the temperature definite value of the steady combustion of oil; Make each burning nozzles, each layer, the anti-fire extinguishing of hearth combustion, anti-detonation, the steady combustion of burner hearth by above measure.
Embodiment 6
For the type of furnace of unit pulverized-coal system take the steady combustion of single nozzles as the anti-fire extinguishing of the full burner hearth on basis, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method:
As shown in Figure 7: temperature signal, nozzles fuel quantity feed-forward signal, the nozzles air distribution amount command signal of the Hei Long district of the combustion flame of nozzles outlets (combustion district) length signals, burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area), enter the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, prevent detonation, surely fire automatic control unit; The anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit all input signals are carried out automatic control algorithm, the steady demand of output nozzles is fired fuel quantity signal, a wind regulatory demand of nozzles signal to nozzles layer is prevented fire extinguishing, anti-detonation, surely fired automatic control unit, and the regulating command of output nozzles circumference air quantity, the regulating command of nozzles air distribution, nozzles are/the oily steady combustion instruction of no permission throwing.
The anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit is accepted following signal: the Hei Long district of the combustion flame of nozzles outlet (not combustion district) length signals, the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region (or adjacent area), come from the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, the layer air distribution amount command signal of steady combustion automatic control unit, grate firing material command signal, come from the anti-fire extinguishing of single nozzles, anti-detonation, the nozzles of steady combustion automatic control unit surely fire the demand fuel quantity signal, nozzles primary air velocity regulatory demand signal, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, after steady combustion automatic control unit carries out automatic control algorithm to these several signals, export each pulverized coal preparation system fuel quantity regulating command of this layer, the regulating command of pulverized coal preparation system powder feeding air quantity is to the pulverized coal preparation system regulon, export each nozzles air distribution amount regulating command of this layer, the output burning zone is/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction, output layer primary air flow desired signal is to the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit.
Full burner hearth is prevented fire extinguishing, prevents detonation, surely fired the lower column signal of automatic control unit acceptance: each layer flame kernel flame temperature signal, boiler load regulating system are sent boiler oil instruction, boiler load signal, and pressure signal, each pulverized coal preparation system open, stop status signal, the nozzles layer is prevented fire extinguishing, prevents detonation, surely fired layer primary air flow desired signal that automatic control unit sends; The anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire all input signals of automatic control unit and carry out automatic control algorithm after, export the instruction of each layer fuel quantity, the instruction of each layer air distribution amount, primary air flow feed-forward signal to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit; The regulating command of output primary air fan air quantity is exported the total energy signal of hearth combustion generation to the boiler load regulating system to primary air fan air quantity regulon, exports full burner hearth to be/the oily steady instruction of firing of no permission throwing.Make stable, the anti-fire extinguishing of each burning nozzles, each layer, hearth combustion of burner hearth, anti-detonation by above measure.
Claims (9)
1. anti-fire extinguishing of the burner hearth based on single nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion autocontrol method, it is characterized in that: include the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automaton, be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, the signal of steady combustion automaton has at least: the black imperial section length signal of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automaton is regulated computing automatically according to input signal, in the automatic adjusting arithmetic logic of device inside following arithmetic logic is arranged: the black imperial section length set-point that the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet is arranged, black imperial section length signal and the set-point of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet participate in automatic control algorithm, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, the control instruction of steady combustion automaton output has in the following items at least: nozzles circumference air quantity regulating command signal, the fuel quantity regulating command of single nozzles, the primary air velocity requirement command, nozzles are/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
2. a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles as claimed in claim 1 is prevented fire extinguishing, prevents detonation, is surely fired autocontrol method, it is characterized by: described nozzles are anti-puts out a fire, prevents detonation, surely fires automaton to be the numeric type control device, is the part of DCS control device or independent control device; The signal that be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fires automaton also has at least: the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, surely fire in the automatic adjusting arithmetic logic of automaton inside and also have following arithmetic logic: the temperature given value of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area, the temperature given value of the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area and burner combustion flame region or adjacent area participates in automatic control algorithm.
3. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles as claimed in claim 2, anti-detonation, steady combustion autocontrol method, it is characterized by: be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, the signal of steady combustion automaton also has at least: the diffusion angle signal of burner nozzles primary air jet, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, also has following arithmetic logic in the automatic adjusting arithmetic logic of steady combustion automaton inside: the given logic of diffusion angle definite value of burner nozzles primary air jet, the diffusion angle definite value of 90 ° 〉=burner nozzles primary air jet 〉=0 °, the diffusion angle set-point of the diffusion angle signal of burner nozzles primary air jet and burner nozzles primary air jet participates in automatic control algorithm, the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, the control instruction of steady combustion automaton output has in the following items at least: nozzles circumference air quantity regulating command signal, the fuel quantity regulating command of single nozzles, the primary air velocity requirement command, the angle of flare governor motion stroke instruction of primary air jet, nozzles are/the steady combustion of no permission throwing oil instruction.
4. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles as claimed in claim 2, anti-detonation, steady combustion autocontrol method, it is characterized by: the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automaton inside also includes the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit, be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, the signal of steady combustion automatic control unit has at least: the black imperial section length signal of the combustion flame of burner nozzles outlet, the temperature signal of burner combustion flame region or adjacent area, grate firing material command signal, these signals are as the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, the homophony signal of steady combustion automatic control unit; The anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles layer, anti-detonation, surely firing the signal of exporting behind the automatic control algorithm of automatic control unit and have in the following items one at least: the fuel quantity regulating command of burner nozzles, the regulating command of air distribution amount, nozzles layer be/no permission throws the steady combustion of oil instruction.
5. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles as claimed in claim 4, anti-detonation, steady combustion autocontrol method, it is characterized by: the anti-fire extinguishing of nozzles, anti-detonation, steady combustion automaton inside also includes the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, steady combustion automatic control unit, be input to the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, the signal of steady combustion automatic control unit has at least: layer flame kernel temperature signal, the boiler load signal, the main vapour pressure signal, nozzles or pulverized coal preparation system open, stop status signal, the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, in the steady combustion automatic control unit according to the physical height of fire box temperature measuring point, divide the n layer measuring point signal, n 〉=1; The flame kernel temperature of each layer is drawn by x the burner hearth internal temperature signal arithmetic operator of this layer, and is linear functional relation, x 〉=1 with x the burner hearth internal temperature signal of this layer; The anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire automatic control unit following arithmetic logic is arranged: the flame kernel temperature given value of each nozzles layer is greater than the amplitude limit logic of the minimum steady combustion temperature of each burning zone; The flame kernel temperature given value of nozzles layer carries out automatic control algorithm with other input signal again, and the signal of automatically exporting behind the control algorithm is no less than a kind of in the following items: and each layer fuel quantity instruction correction signal, each layer air distribution amount instruction correction signal, primary air velocity regulating command, full burner hearth be/and no permission throws total heat-exchange power signal that the steady combustion of oil instruction, hearth combustion produce.
6. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles as claimed in claim 5, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method, it is characterized by: the anti-fire extinguishing of described full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire following arithmetic logic is arranged in the automatic control unit: rough calculation goes out a layer flame kernel temperature given value T
NSV, main vapour pressure value P can substitute with given load value N, then
N is given load value; D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back the combination function.
7. a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles as claimed in claim 5 is prevented fire extinguishing, anti-detonation, is surely fired autocontrol method, and it is characterized by: the computing function of the flame kernel temperature given value exact value of described each layer is as follows:
T wherein
NSVA layer flame kernel temperature given value;
P is main vapour pressure; The given load value of N; D=(d
Ij) throw for burner and to move back the combination function;
According to
, the individual layer ideal temperature set-point that calculates participates in automatic control algorithm.
8. the anti-fire extinguishing of a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles as claimed in claim 5, anti-detonation, surely fire autocontrol method, it is characterized by: the anti-fire extinguishing of full burner hearth, anti-detonation, surely fire the suitable value signal of total heat-exchange power that the hearth combustion of automatic control unit output produces and deliver to the boiler load control module.
9. a kind of burner hearth based on single nozzles basis as claimed in claim 8 is prevented fire extinguishing, anti-detonation, is surely fired autocontrol method, and it is characterized by: the described total heat-exchange power quite computing formula of value is:
Q is as before being fed into the boiler load automatic regulating system;
Wherein:
Be the temperature point of n layer corresponding to pass through radiation mode mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange;
Be the radiation heat transfer effective area corresponding to temperature point of n layer;
Be the black body radiation constant;
It is the fire box temperature of the temperature point measurement of n layer;
The individual layer temperature spot is corresponding, and to pass through stream energy mutually on duty to the ratio of the energy of heating surface exchange:
Wherein
Be the temperature point of n layer corresponding pass through the ratio of the energy that flows to the heating surface exchange mutually on duty;
Be the convection current surface coefficient of heat transfer to heating surface corresponding to temperature point of n layer;
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