CN103045292A - Settler for ultrasonic decalcification of crude oil by chemical precipitation - Google Patents
Settler for ultrasonic decalcification of crude oil by chemical precipitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103045292A CN103045292A CN2011103150204A CN201110315020A CN103045292A CN 103045292 A CN103045292 A CN 103045292A CN 2011103150204 A CN2011103150204 A CN 2011103150204A CN 201110315020 A CN201110315020 A CN 201110315020A CN 103045292 A CN103045292 A CN 103045292A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a settler for ultrasonic decalcification of crude oil by chemical precipitation. An outer barrel (10) on which a heat insulating sleeve is sleeved is formed by connecting a cylindrical barrel and a conical barrel, wherein the upper part of the outer barrel is cylindrical and the lower part of the outer barrel is conical; a mixture inlet is positioned in the lower part of the cylindrical barrel; an oil phase outlet is positioned in the upper part of the cylindrical barrel; a water phase outlet is positioned in the lowest part of the outer barrel and formed in the midpoint of the conical barrel; an ultrasonic amplitude transformer is positioned in the center of the cylindrical barrel, the vertical length of the ultrasonic amplitude transformer is between the mixture inlet and the oil phase outlet; an inner processing cavity is a hollow cavity formed between the ultrasonic amplitude transformer and the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel; an ultrasonic energy transducer is positioned at the top outside the cylindrical barrel and is connected with the ultrasonic amplitude transformer by enabling a vibrating rod to pass through a fixing and sealing flange at the top of the cylindrical barrel; the ultrasonic energy transducer is connected with an ultrasonic power supply; the ultrasonic working frequency is 10kHz-100kHz; and the decalcification efficiency of the settler is 70-95.1 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crude oil upgrading demetalization calcium equipment, relate in particular to the ultrasonic equipment of crude oil upgrading demetalization calcium.
Background technology
Calcium metal part in the crude oil exists with water-soluble salt, slightly soluble salt such as the inorganic calcium salt forms such as calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, and another part then exists with organic calcium salt forms such as petroleum acid calcium.Salt and hydrophilic inorganic calcium salt particle for solubility, the refinery adopts simple water-washing method to remove usually in the electric desalting process, but for the petroleum acid calcium that is present in the oil phase, this rule does not almost have removal effect, and the existence of this a part of calcium salt adds trade union to the crude oil of postorder and produces many negative impacts.
The chemical precipitation decalcification method is the class in the crude oil decalcifying method, these class methods adopt water soluble sulfate, phosphoric acid salt, phosphoric acid hydrogen disalt and carbonate etc., generate the throw out of slightly soluble or water-fast calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, secondary calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate etc. with petroleum acid calcium effect in the crude oil, throw out enters water, reach the purpose that removes Calcium in Crude Oil, these class methods are comparatively friendly to environment for use and equipment.Use this type of decalcification method, it is the important step that realizes decalcification that Ca-deposit moves up into water from the oil phase transfer, the height that is related to decalcification efficient, it is the key that realizes its industry operation, solution to this problem is to adopt the solid wetting agent at present, moistening solid sediment surface makes the throw out surface hydrophilic, impels it to enter water.Yet the solid wetting agent is a family macromolecule surfactant, and the compatibility effect of itself and throw out and crude oil need to carry out the lot of experiments screening, again because crude oil composition complicated and changeable, so that this solution of problem difficulty relatively.
Ultrasonic wave refers to that generally range of frequency is at the sound wave of 20kHz～10MHz, its application at chemical field is mainly derived from ultrasonic cavitation, when ultrasonic cavitation occurs in multiphase medium, can produce very large transient pressure at phase interface, can make the floating solid-liquid surface that is suspended in the liquid be subject to sharply destroying and unstable, impel Solid-Liquid Separation.
Summary of the invention
The ultrasonic device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of chemical precipitation method decalcification, it is the ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil, the mixture of this equipment utilization ul-trasonic irradiation material behind the chemical precipitation crude oil decalcifying promotes oil in the mixture, agent, slag to separate, and improves crude oil decalcifying efficient.
The ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil adopts metallic substance to make, by ultrasonic-frequency power supply, and ultrasonic transducer, vibration-sensing rod, fixing and tongued and grooved flanges, the oil phase outlet, ultrasonic amplitude transformer is processed inner chamber body, the water outlet, the compound import, outer cylinder body and muff form.
Outer cylinder body is connected and composed by cylindrical drum and divergent-cone wall, and top is round shape, and the bottom is conical, and the outer covering and heat insulating cover of outer cylinder body is to material insulation in the outer cylinder body.
The compound import is positioned at the cylindrical drum bottom, is the admission port of finish mixture after the chemical precipitation decalcification.
The oil phase outlet is positioned at cylindrical drum top, is that the finish mixture separates the oil phase discharge port that obtains after the chemical precipitation decalcification after sedimentation and ultrasonic emulsion breaking effect.
The water outlet is positioned at the cylindrical shell lowest part, and namely the divergent-cone wall centre is the water outlet that the finish mixture separates the calcic sediment that obtains after the chemical precipitation decalcification after sedimentation and ultrasonic emulsion breaking effect.
Ultrasonic amplitude transformer is in cylindrical drum central authorities, its vertical length between the outlet of compound import and oil phase, towards periphery radiation ultrasonic vibrational energy of horn, the ultrasonic radiation zone of action is large, efficient is high.
Processing inner chamber body is the ultrasonication space that consists of between ultrasonic amplitude transformer and the cylindrical drum inwall.
The input electricity of ultrasonic-frequency power supply is 220V commonly used or 380V AC power.The effect of ultrasonic transducer is to convert electric energy to ultrasonic vibrational energy, lower in working order, water coolant is removed the heat that transverter produces, and ultrasonic-frequency power supply includes the high-frequency vibration signal source, matching system and Controlling System etc., ultrasonic transducer is passed to ultrasonic amplitude transformer by vibration-sensing rod with ultrasonic energy.
The ultrasonic device technological process of chemical precipitation method decalcification is: enter settling vessel by the compound import after decalcifying agent mixes with crude oil, according to material properties, amount of finish and processing request, regulate the ultrasonic generator output rating, select continuously or pulsed mode.Under pulsed mode, ultrasonic wave cycle and pulsewidth are regulated, carry out the optimization of chemical precipitation decalcification effect.Through the ultrasonic sedimentation effect, settling vessel top obtains oil phase, and the bottom obtains the water of calcic sediment, flows out from oil phase and water outlet respectively.
Among the present invention, decalcifying agent is the aqueous solution of known chemical precipitation decalcification medicament, after mixing with crude oil, decalcifying agent enters the ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil by the compound import, finish mixture temperature and agent oil effect beguine require to adjust according to oil property and processes, general viscosity of crude is larger, and the finish mixture temperature is higher; Require the decalcification rate higher, the effect of agent oil is than larger.The residence time of finish mixture in settling vessel decides on the separating effect of oil phase and water, moisture and decalcification effect is purpose take the oil phase that reaches processing requirement, and the residence time can be by manufacturing and designing fixing processing inner chamber body volume and regulating mixture flow rate control.Process the inner chamber body volume by the size dimension decision of cylindrical drum and ultrasonic radiation body, Design and Machining is finished in advance.
The Ca-deposit that the decalcification reaction generates is solia particle, is hydrophilic inorganic calcium material, yet because crude oil has larger viscosity, its some sticks to the oil phase surface.Process in the inner chamber body at the ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil, calcium solia particle in the finish mixture is under ul-trasonic irradiation, the solid-liquid interface that itself and oil phase form produces very large transient pressure and changes, and the interface is unstable and loosening, and Ca-deposit begins to peel off from solid-liquid interface and enters water; Meanwhile, the emulsion droplets in the finish mixture is also constantly gathered under ul-trasonic irradiation and is grown into large water droplet by little water droplet, under action of gravity, the sedimentary water droplet of calcic sinks, be gathered in settling vessel lower cone shape cylindrical shell, become water, water is flowed out by the water outlet.Control water (containing Ca-deposit) discharge keeps water-oil interface to be stabilized in a certain position in the divergent-cone wall.Oil phase is flowed out by the oil phase outlet, requires to enter following process according to oil phase water ratio and processes.Among the present invention, the lower cone shape barrel designs of settling vessel can be avoided Ca-deposit accumulating in equipment, improves plant factor.
The ultrasonic frequency general control is at 10KHz～100KHz.According to amount of finish and complete processing requirement, ultrasonic generator can change the output rating size, but can be continuously also pulsed operation, and can regulate ultrasonic wave cycle and pulsewidth, to realize the optimization to chemical precipitation decalcification technique.
The present invention can carry out the ultrasonic sedimentation pre-treatment to chemical precipitation crude oil decalcifying reacting rear material, realizes the separation of oil, agent, slag complex system, and operation and overhead charges are low, improves crude oil decalcifying efficient.
The present invention is applicable to the profit break milk separation of the liquid of oil, agent, slag pre-treatment separating technology and other milk sap in the chemical precipitation crude oil decalcifying finish compound-liquid break milk separation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil structural representation.
1-ultrasonic-frequency power supply wherein, 2-ultrasonic transducer 3-vibration-sensing rod, the fixing and tongued and grooved flanges of 4-, the outlet of 5-oil phase, the 6-ultrasonic amplitude transformer, 7-processes inner chamber body, and the 8-water exports, the import of 9-compound, 10-outer cylinder body and muff
Embodiment
The ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of a kind of chemical precipitation crude oil of the present invention, this settling vessel be by ultrasonic-frequency power supply 1, ultrasonic transducer 2, vibration-sensing rod 3, the fixing tongued and grooved flanges 4 that reaches, oil phase outlet 5, ultrasonic amplitude transformer 6 is processed inner chamber body 7, water outlet 8, compound import 9, outer cylinder body 10 forms;
Cover has the outer cylinder body 10 of muff to be connected and composed by cylindrical drum and divergent-cone wall, and top is round shape, and the bottom is conical; Compound import 9 is positioned at the cylindrical drum bottom; Oil phase outlet 5 is positioned at cylindrical drum top; Water outlet 8 is positioned at the cylindrical shell lowest part, the divergent-cone wall centre; Ultrasonic amplitude transformer 6 is positioned at cylindrical drum central authorities, and its vertical length is between compound import and oil phase outlet; Processing inner chamber body 7 is the cavity body that consist of between ultrasonic amplitude transformer and the cylindrical drum inwall; Ultrasonic transducer 2 is positioned at the outer top of cylindrical drum, and the fixing and tongued and grooved flanges 4 that passes the cylindrical drum top by vibration-sensing rod 3 is connected with ultrasonic amplitude transformer 6; Ultrasonic transducer 2 is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply 1; The input electricity of ultrasonic-frequency power supply 1 is 220V commonly used or 380V AC power, and ultrasonic operating frequency is at 10KHz～100KHz.
Embodiment 1:
The ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil that embodiment 1 utilizes is by CNPC's Karamay Petrochemical Company exploitation, ultrasonic operating frequency 20KHz, 15 liters of supersound process inner chamber body volumes.
Calcium content is the Karamay Petrochemical Company II of the CNPC cover distillation processing crude oil of 9.0 μ g/g, the decalcifying agent aqueous solution with phosphoric acid hydrogen two ammoniums 0.15%, press the agent oil quality than 0.05, be mixed into the ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil under 60 ℃, finish mixed solution total flux is 3 liter/mins of clocks.
Adopt the continuous ultrasound mode of action, ultrasonic output rating 100W.Control water (containing Ca-deposit) discharge flows out water and slightly carries fragmentary oil bloom secretly at 0.13～0.15 liter/min of clock this moment, and oil phase is flowed out by the oil phase outlet, and by analysis, it is moisture to be 0.45%.With the effluent oil phase transition to electro-dewatering desalination instrument, 120 ℃ of lower effects 30 minutes, dewatering and desalting oil by analysis, its calcium amount is 2.7 μ g/g, calcium decreasing ratio 70.0%.
Embodiment 2:
The ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil that embodiment 2 utilizes is by CNPC's Karamay Petrochemical Company exploitation, ultrasonic operating frequency 35KHz, 15 liters of supersound process inner chamber body volumes.
Calcium content is CNPC's Karamay Petrochemical Company coker processing crude oil of 246.8 μ g/g, the decalcifying agent aqueous solution with phosphoric acid hydrogen two ammoniums 1.75%, press the agent oil quality than 0.07, be mixed into the ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil under 130 ℃, finish mixed solution total flux is 2 liter/mins of clocks.
Adopt the impulse ultrasound mode of action, ultrasonic output rating 150W, ultrasonication cycle 60ms, pulsewidth is 12ms, control water (containing Ca-deposit) discharge flows out water and slightly carries fragmentary oil bloom secretly at 0.12～0.14 liter/min of clock this moment, and oil phase is flowed out by the oil phase outlet, by analysis, its moisture be 0.60%.With the effluent oil phase transition to electro-dewatering desalination instrument, 130 ℃ of lower effects 40 minutes, dewatering and desalting oil by analysis, its calcium amount is 12.1 μ g/g, calcium decreasing ratio 95.1%.
Claims (1)
1. ultrasonic decalcification settling vessel of chemical precipitation crude oil, this settling vessel is by ultrasonic-frequency power supply (1), ultrasonic transducer (2), vibration-sensing rod (3), fixing and tongued and grooved flanges (4), oil phase outlet (5), ultrasonic amplitude transformer (6) is processed inner chamber body (7), water outlet (8), compound import (9), outer cylinder body (10) forms; It is characterized in that:
Cover has the outer cylinder body (10) of muff to be connected and composed by cylindrical drum and divergent-cone wall, and top is round shape, and the bottom is conical; Compound import (9) is positioned at the cylindrical drum bottom; Oil phase outlet (5) is positioned at cylindrical drum top; Water outlet (8) is positioned at the cylindrical shell lowest part, the divergent-cone wall centre; Ultrasonic amplitude transformer (6) is in cylindrical drum central authorities, and its vertical length is between compound import and oil phase outlet; Processing inner chamber body (7) is the cavity body that consists of between ultrasonic amplitude transformer and the cylindrical drum inwall; Ultrasonic transducer (2) is positioned at the outer top of cylindrical drum, and the fixing and tongued and grooved flanges (4) that passes the cylindrical drum top by vibration-sensing rod (3) is connected with ultrasonic amplitude transformer (6); Ultrasonic transducer (2) is connected with ultrasonic-frequency power supply (1); The input electricity of ultrasonic-frequency power supply (1) is 220V commonly used or 380V AC power, and ultrasonic operating frequency is at 10KHz～100KHz.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011103150204A CN103045292A (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2011-10-17 | Settler for ultrasonic decalcification of crude oil by chemical precipitation |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011103150204A CN103045292A (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2011-10-17 | Settler for ultrasonic decalcification of crude oil by chemical precipitation |
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| CN103045292A true CN103045292A (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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| CN2011103150204A Pending CN103045292A (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2011-10-17 | Settler for ultrasonic decalcification of crude oil by chemical precipitation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10358609B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2019-07-23 | Statoil Petroleum As | Process for removing metal naphthenate from crude hydrocarbon mixtures |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3594314A (en) * | 1969-02-12 | 1971-07-20 | James R Bilhartz | Method of separating oil,water and solids by ultrasonic treatment |
| CN1944586A (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2007-04-11 | 辽河石油勘探局 | Sound-heat chemistry settling crude oil water content separating process |
| CN101564604A (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2009-10-28 | 威海海和科技有限责任公司 | Emulsion ultrasonic emulsion breaking device |
-
2011
- 2011-10-17 CN CN2011103150204A patent/CN103045292A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3594314A (en) * | 1969-02-12 | 1971-07-20 | James R Bilhartz | Method of separating oil,water and solids by ultrasonic treatment |
| CN1944586A (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2007-04-11 | 辽河石油勘探局 | Sound-heat chemistry settling crude oil water content separating process |
| CN101564604A (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2009-10-28 | 威海海和科技有限责任公司 | Emulsion ultrasonic emulsion breaking device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10358609B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2019-07-23 | Statoil Petroleum As | Process for removing metal naphthenate from crude hydrocarbon mixtures |
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Application publication date: 20130417 |