CN103044877A - Composite material containing modified basalt fiber and polymer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite material containing modified basalt fiber and polymer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103044877A CN103044877A CN2012105398389A CN201210539838A CN103044877A CN 103044877 A CN103044877 A CN 103044877A CN 2012105398389 A CN2012105398389 A CN 2012105398389A CN 201210539838 A CN201210539838 A CN 201210539838A CN 103044877 A CN103044877 A CN 103044877A
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- basalt fiber
- parts
- polymkeric substance
- treated basalt
- matrix material
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Links
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BQFCCCIRTOLPEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1976978 Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1N=NC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC=CC=C12 BQFCCCIRTOLPEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001116 FEMA 4028 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011175 beta-cyclodextrine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004853 betadex Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950005499 carbon tetrachloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 24
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-n-(methoxymethyl)acetamide;2,6-dinitro-n,n-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N(COC)C(=O)CCl.CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O CVOFKRWYWCSDMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 description 1
- WYRGOSDNPFGZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-K [bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-oxidophosphaniumyl] dihydrogen phosphate [bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-oxidophosphaniumyl] hydrogen phosphate [bis(2-ethylhexoxy)-oxidophosphaniumyl] phosphate propan-2-olate titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC(C)[O-].CCCCC(CC)CO[P+]([O-])(OCC(CC)CCCC)OP(O)(O)=O.CCCCC(CC)CO[P+]([O-])(OCC(CC)CCCC)OP(O)([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)CO[P+]([O-])(OCC(CC)CCCC)OP([O-])([O-])=O WYRGOSDNPFGZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011384 asphalt concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
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- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides composite material containing a modified basalt and a polymer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the main components of the composite material contains: 1200-1300 parts of polymer, 700-800 parts of modified basalt fiber, and 5-50 parts of surfactant coupling agent. The method, by means of the mechanical force, supersonic wave and electromagnetic force synthetic effect of the surfactant or coupling agent, comprises: uniformly dispersing the polymer and the modified basalt fiber into a solvent to prepare a uniform and stabile mixture, adding another solvent into the mixture, implementing the cladding or wrapping to the modified basalt fiber while precipitating the polymer from the mixture, and then forming the composite material of the modified basalt fiber containing polymer. The composite material can be used for preparing asphalt with excellent performances, the method has the advantages of low cost, simple operation and easy enlargement, and the method makes it easy for the modified basalt fiber to be uniformly dispersed in the polymer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the matrix material preparation field, relate to take treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance as raw material by matrix material and the method for precipitator method preparation.
Background technology
The rock of the earth can be divided three classes: sedimentogeneous rock, metamorphosed rock and volcanic rock.Sedimentogeneous rock is earth surface process weathering, is formed by wind and water carrying.Metamorphosed rock is that the earth is interior under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, physics, chemical transformation occurs, again the mineral of crystallization composition.Volcanic rock is the rock that magma forms after underground or the condensation of the ejection earth's crust, claims again magmatite.Volcanic rock can be divided into three kinds of persilicic rock, neutral rock and subsiliceous rocks by what of dioxide-containing silica.Dioxide-containing silica is persilicic rock above 65% volcanic rock, such as grouan and ryolite; It is subsiliceous rock that dioxide-containing silica is lower than 52% volcanic rock, such as basalt and gabbro; The marginal volcanic rock of dioxide-containing silica is neutral rock, such as diorite and andesite.Volcanic rock is divided into two kinds in particulate volcanic rock and coarse grain volcanic rock by the large I of mineral grain, because basalt is the particulate rock of ejection, density is large, and crystallization belongs to high temperature and forms.The content of silicon-dioxide is in the majority between 44-52% in the composition of basalts, and aluminium sesquioxide content is between 12-18%, and ferric oxide and ferric oxide content are between 9-14%.Basalt belongs to the refractory mineral raw material, and temperature of fusion is more than 1500 ℃.The potassium oxide that wherein contains, the compositions such as magnesium oxide and titanium dioxide have played vital role to raising fiber waterproof, corrosion resistance nature.The basalt of volcano derivant structure is all higher than the quartzitic Young's modulus in shale, sandstone and the metamorphosed rock in the sedimentogeneous rock, and this makes basalt fibre have the performances such as high temperature resistant, that tensile strength good, Young's modulus is high.The siliceous the most suitable drawing fiber of basalt higher and that molten mass (particularly in the mold temperature scope) does not have nucleus to exist in basalt.
Basalt fibre is take natural base basalt ore as raw material, and with its broken rear adding in the melting furnaces, the fiber of making after 1450～1500 ℃ of meltings is the fourth-largest hi-tech fiber after carbon fiber, aramid fiber, superhigh molecular weight polyethylene fibers.
Basalt fibre is compared with other tec fiber, having heat insulation, moistureproof, waterproof, fire prevention, acid and alkali-resistance, cold insulation, sound absorption, good tensile strength, corrosion-resistant and not regression of life-time service, a lot of unique excellent properties such as deteriorated, is the low price substitute of carbon fiber etc.And cost of material is cheap, need not other materials (general glass fibre needs higher proportion scale), cheap productive expense.Particularly main is, because it takes from natural crystal, and without any additive, is the not carcinogenic green glass matter fiber product of unique so far non-environmental-pollution.
Just because basalt fibre and matrix material thereof have the irreplaceable effect of other material, China's Long-and Medium-term Development planning is classified advanced composite material as the important development direction, and clearly continuous basalt fiber one is listed as one of the four large new high-tech fibers that will give priority to.
China has and extremely enriches the good basalt ore reserves of quality, spreads all over motherland on both sides of the Changjiang River.According to the geographical position, can be divided into 2 large zones: the one, along the east China continental shore, form hundreds of volcanic cluster and volcanic cone, become the part of Pacific Rim chain of volcanoes, another is the volcanic cluster that is positioned at Qinghai-Tibet Platean and surrounding area.Basaltic factual survey is shown in Sichuan, provinces such as Yunnan, Hunan, Heilungkiang, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Xinjiang, Hainan Island and Taiwan, the basalt mineral deposit that is fit to produce basalt continuous fiber is arranged.
Basalt fibre Application Areas and development prospect: because basalt fibre such as mechanical property are good, resistance to elevated temperatures is good, can non-stop run in-269～700 ℃ of scopes; Acid-fast alkali-proof, anti-ultraviolet property is strong, and water absorbability is low, and better environmental resistance is arranged.In addition, also have that good insulation preformance, high temperature filtration are good, radioprotective, good wave penetrate capability, nothing " three wastes " are discharged, free from environmental pollution nontoxic, without characteristics such as explosion hazard, resistance to corrosion are strong.Can be made into the matrix material of various excellent performances take basalt fibre as the enhancing body, be described as the novel material of 21 century.
Basalt fiber material has important use value industrial, being widely used in weaving, fire-fighting, environmental protection, aerospace, automobile shipbuilding, engineering plastics, also can being widely used in the fields such as energy-conservation, adiabatic, civil construction project and military project, is a kind of main raw that 21st century supported high-tech product, especially National defense industry construction.
Although polymer materials only has the developing history of decades, its tempo is fast, uses extensively, any other material on the human history.Polymkeric substance has a lot of good and unique performances such as plasticity-, snappiness, film-forming properties, can make various plastics, acacia gum, synthon, coating and tackiness agent etc.But also there are the shortcomings such as non-refractory, insufficient strength height, easy burning, easy aging, easy generation accumulation static in polymkeric substance, how to overcome these shortcomings and further improves the hot issue that the performance of polymkeric substance is the present material field.
Because the good mechanical property of polymer materials replaces the application of metallic substance increasing with polymkeric substance, but the electrical insulating property of polymer product in use produces and accumulation static it easily.This can bring disadvantageous consequence even serious loss, and it is very important therefore to develop the effective high-intensity type material that can eliminate static.
One of problem that people face in the preparation that contains the treated basalt fiber polymer composites be exactly treated basalt fiber Uniform Dispersion the difficulty, this is because the diameter of treated basalt fiber more carefully is micron-sized, have with the similar surface effects of other micro-powder, small-size effect, thereby larger specific surface area and higher surface energy are arranged, the problems such as reunion occur easily.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance and preparation method thereof, this matrix material has anti-electrostatic, inhales the functions such as ripple, high strength, can also the good high-elastic mould pitch of processability.The method is with low cost, simple to operate, be easy to amplify, and realizes easily the Uniform Dispersion of treated basalt fiber in polymkeric substance.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
One of technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance, the weight part proportioning of component and component comprises:
1200 parts-1300 parts in polymkeric substance;
700 parts-800 parts of treated basalt fibers;
5 parts-50 parts of tensio-active agent or coupling agents;
Described treated basalt fiber is Al
2O
3Mass content be 6%-18%, the mass content of iron protoxide and ferric oxide is 9%-16%, acidity quotient is 1.2-4.8, the mid diameter made from centrifuging be 1 micron-8 Wei Mi ﹑ long/directly 〉=8 fibre content 〉=65% ﹑ unit weight is that 70 grams per liters～380 grams per liters, particle diameter are the wadding fibrous group of 3mm-8mm;
Described polymkeric substance is selected from one or more in polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide and the polyether-ether-ketone;
Described tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene glycol, beta-cyclodextrin, polyoxyethylene wax, polyethylene wax, tween and the stearylamine;
Described coupling agent is selected from one or more in silane coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and the titanate coupling agent.
Preferred technical scheme is: a kind of matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance, and the weight part proportioning of component and component comprises:
1250 parts-1300 parts in polymkeric substance;
710 parts-780 parts of treated basalt fibers;
40 parts-50 parts of tensio-active agent or coupling agents;
Described polymkeric substance is preferably polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate or polystyrene;
Described coupling agent is preferably silane coupling agent;
Described tensio-active agent is preferably sodium lauryl sulphate or Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
The preparation method of described treated basalt fiber is preferably: take basalt as raw material after 1350 ℃～1680 ℃ meltings, the interrupted cotton-shaped basalt fibre that under the effect of magnetoresistive effect, adopts the multiaxis centrifuging to make.
This matrix material can also comprise filler, and the weight part content of filler is 30 parts-600 parts.
Described filler is preferably selected from one or more in carbide of calcium, carbon black, white carbon black, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylmethacrylate and the softening agent.
Two of technical scheme of the present invention:
The described composite manufacture method that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance of the present invention, concrete steps are: first treated basalt fiber, polymkeric substance, tensio-active agent or coupling agent, filler are evenly spread in the solvent orange 2 A by the mode of stirring and sonic oscillation, get mixed solution; Again solvent B is joined in the described mixed solution and mix, so that product Precipitation and finish polymkeric substance to coating or the parcel of treated basalt fiber; Then remove solvent orange 2 A and solvent B, get throw out; With described throw out vacuum drying, get product at last;
Described solvent orange 2 A is selected from N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone, DMF, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, pimelinketone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane, 1,2-ethylene dichloride or phenol; Described solvent B is selected from dehydrated alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone, Virahol, propyl carbinol, normal hexane, deionized water or sherwood oil.
The method also comprises by shearing action carries out pre-dispersed processing with treated basalt fiber, polymkeric substance, tensio-active agent or coupling agent and filler first, mixes with solvent orange 2 A again.
Below the present invention will be further explained and the explanation:
The treated basalt fiber that the present invention adds is as raw material take basalt and other mineral substance, by the treated basalt fiber made from centrifuging after the high-temperature fusion, its more general continuous basalt fiber has the advantages that fiber Cheng Sigeng is thin, the process costs low yield is high, starting material distribute extensively, be easy to moulding.Its surfaceness and microcrack can increase " anchoring " of it and body material compound tense, more are applicable to asphaltic base fluoropolymer resin system.Because treated basalt fiber has the performances such as good mechanics, electricity, calorifics, it and polymer materials are carried out compound or hydridization, can make the treated basalt fiber matrix material of excellent property, this material mixes and forms asphaltic base fluoropolymer resin system in the pitch, with the high and low temperature that improves pitch and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance such as ageing-resistant, and the recycling for bituminous concrete has extremely long-pending meaning, also has anti-electrostatic, inhales the functions such as ripple, snappiness, high tenacity, high strength.
The acidity quotient of described treated basalt fiber is 1.2-4.8, to realize by other component content of regulating in the basalt fibre, described other composition is common practise, oxide compounds such as silicon-dioxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide is such as disclosed other composition among the patent application CN101255011A.The preparation method of described treated basalt fiber also can obtain by known method, for example disclosed method among the patent application CN101255011A.
The present invention realizes by following principle:
First by means of tensio-active agent or coupling agent, emulsification by generations such as stirring or ultrasonic wave, broken, the multiple-effects such as activation and dispersion are with polymkeric substance, treated basalt fiber and other filler are made the mixed solution that contains certain treated basalt fiber in solvent orange 2 A, then solvent B is added in the above-mentioned mixed solution, polymkeric substance just with the Precipitation together such as treated basalt fiber, and finish polymkeric substance to coating or the parcel of treated basalt fiber, remove solvent and the gained mixture dried in a vacuum the polymer composites that is certain content treated basalt fiber.
The different in kind polymkeric substance that shows during by heating can be divided into thermoplastic polymer and thermosetting polymer, and thermoplastic polymer comprises polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, tetrafluoroethylene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ether-ketone etc.Select suitable solvent a and solvent b, according to the method described in the present invention, these polymkeric substance can be made the matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber, for example polycarbonate can be used N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone, N, dinethylformamide, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, pimelinketone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane, 1,2-ethylene dichloride, phenol (heat) etc. are made solvent orange 2 A, are solvent B with dehydrated alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone, Virahol, propyl carbinol, normal hexane, deionized water, sherwood oil etc.
For improving the dispersiveness of treated basalt fiber in polymkeric substance and the bonding strength of polymkeric substance, also can carry out other physics and chemistry modification to basalt fibre for the surface property of subject polymer.Such as basalt fibre is coated, the processing such as cutting, plating, plasma body, corona, high temperature graphitization, chemical oxidation can make it to become have a fixed length through than, with particular functional group's treated basalt fiber.Studies show that can be with hydroxyl, carbonyl, the carboxyl isopolarity functional group of some amount on the treated basalt fiber that oxide treatment crosses, the existence of these functional groups can improve basalt fibre effectively with the dispersiveness in the polymeric matrix of polar group, and can significantly increase the bonding strength between they and subject polymer interface.
The mixed solution that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance by magnetic agitation or mechanical stirring, can promote polymer particle in solvent rapid movement and with process that solvent fully contacts in accelerate dissolution, under the effect of the shearing strength between layers that causes in each fluid layer flow velocity difference of fluid internal cause simultaneously, the aggregate of treated basalt fiber wherein can be broken and be evenly dispersed in the whole system.
When ultrasonic wave is passed through a kind of liquid medium, can cause a large amount of micro-bubble of liquid internal moment generation, this phenomenon is called as " ultrasonic hole ", the sonochemistry Theoretical Calculation shows that with relevant experimental study " ultrasonic hole " can produce the high temperature of 5000K and the high pressure of 500atm, and the speed of heating and cooling can surpass 10
9K/S, and reach jet and the Discharge illuminating transients of 400km with strong shockwave and speed per hour, so violent variation can make that the treated basalt fiber that is intertwined of originally reuniting is broken completely, depolymerization and being distributed in the organic medium one by one.
The molecule of tensio-active agent and coupling agent all contains hydrophilic polar group and two kinds of building stones of different nature of oil loving non-polar group, they can make have organism of different nature and inorganics in conjunction with or bridging be in the same place.They can be adsorbed on the surface of solids and can produce enough energy barriers and stop solids to be reunited, and the amphiphilic organic medium that can increase that the while has because of them is to wettability and the diffustivity of solids in organic medium of solids.Thereby can make solids stable dispersion in the solid-liquid suspension body in organic medium.For example among the present invention, the tensio-active agent that we use has sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene glycol, beta-cyclodextrin, polyoxyethylene wax, polyethylene wax, tween, stearylamine, hyper-dispersant and Sudan Gum-arabic etc., used coupling agent is KH540, KH550, KH560, SG-Si900, NDZ-101, NDZ-201, TTS, OL-AT1618, DL411 etc.The adding that studies show that proper amount of surfactant or coupling agent can make the dispersion of treated basalt fiber in organic medium more even and increased consistency and knot and the power between treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance in the matrix material.
In addition, for further improving the over-all properties of material, also can add other filler in the composite manufacture process of the present invention, as: the organic filler such as the mineral filler such as calcium carbonate, carbon black, silicon-dioxide, graphite fibre, metal powder, glass microsphere, metal oxide, shell powder, asbestos and polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylmethacrylate, polystyrene, polysiloxane.Because the existence of filler can make the hypomotility of polymer segment, diameter can increase cross-linking density less than 10 microns small-particle, and the active filler meeting improves the second-order transition temperature of matrix material.Adding a kind of incompatible polymers can increase the shock-resistance of another kind of polymkeric substance (such as polystyrene), and the resin that adds other pulverizing then can increase the oilness of plastics.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
Matrix material of the present invention is the functional composite material of developing for preparing high-elastic mould pitch, this material mixes and forms asphaltic base fluoropolymer resin system in the pitch, can improve greatly the anti-high and low temperature of pitch and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance (seeing Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) such as ageing-resistant, and the recycling for bituminous concrete has extremely long-pending meaning, and this matrix material also has anti-electrostatic, inhales the functions such as ripple, snappiness, high tenacity, high strength.Can select the different ingredients material to make suitable matrix material by above method for the pitch that the preparation different technologies requires.
Method of the present invention is with low cost, simple to operate, be easy to amplify, and realizes easily the Uniform Dispersion of treated basalt fiber in polymkeric substance.Because of treated basalt fiber mean diameter 1-8 m, and continuous basalt fiber mean diameter 13-21 m, compare that to have the thinner specific surface area of fiber larger, and production cost is lower, output is larger, actual use in the effect better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the electron microscope picture of the used treated basalt fiber of embodiment 1, and magnification ratio is 5000:1;
Fig. 2 is the Electronic Speculum figure of the preparation-obtained BMF/NT736 matrix material of embodiment 1, and magnification ratio is 200:1.
Fig. 3 is that the high-elastic modulus fibre composite asphalt of the described BMF/NT--ROXAL series of embodiment 1-3 detects index;
Fig. 4 is the described BMF/NT836-ROXAL831 high-modulus asphalt concrete of embodiment performance technologies index measured drawing.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Treated basalt fiber preparation: take basalt as main raw material after 1350 ℃～1680 ℃ meltings, the interrupted cotton-shaped basalt fibre that under the effect of magnetoresistive effect, adopts the multiaxis centrifuging to make.Described treated basalt fiber is Al
2O
3Mass content be 6%-18%, the mass content of iron protoxide and ferric oxide is 9%-16%, acidity quotient is 1.2-4.8; And mid diameter be 1 micron-8 Wei Mi ﹑ long/directly 〉=8 fibre content 〉=65% ﹑ unit weight is that 70 grams per liters～380 grams per liters, particle diameter are the wadding fibrous group of 3mm-8mm;
The composite manufacture method:
By means of stirring and ultrasonic wave is that 2.3 above-mentioned treated basalt fiber restrains in N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone 5600 and makes uniform mixed solution with 1295 gram polycarbonate, 50 gram sodium lauryl sulphate and 713 gram acidity quotients, then deionized water 260 grams are added in the above-mentioned mixed solution, mixture is Precipitation just, desolventizing is also dried the gained mixture that to be treated basalt fiber content be 53% matrix material in 60-90 ℃ of vacuum drying oven, be designated as the BMF/NT736 matrix material.
Result: Fig. 1 is the electron microscope picture of used treated basalt fiber, Fig. 2 is the electron microscope picture of BMF/NT736 matrix material, as shown in Figure 1, before not compound with polymkeric substance, treated basalt fiber is thinner, mean diameter is about 3 m, and after it and polycarbonate is compound, as shown in Figure 2, the outside that polycarbonate is coated on treated basalt fiber has more uniformly formed matrix material, the diameter of the treated basalt fiber that is wrapped by obviously increases, and treated basalt fiber is uniformly dispersed in polycarbonate.
The application of matrix material:
No. 70 road traffic pitch 1000 grams are heated to 165 ℃, pitch is sprayed in 120 gram embodiment, the 1 preparation-obtained BMF/NT736 matrix material, add simultaneously polyethylene 65 grams; By rubbing, high-shear and hyperacoustic multiple action with itself and pitch melt kneading, make the high modulus fibre composite asphalt, be called: BMF/NT736-ROXAL785, its performance data is seen Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, this matrix material is mixed in the pitch, can greatly improve the anti-high and low temperature of pitch and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance such as ageing-resistant, can significantly improve the road surface supporting capacity, prolong work-ing life of bituminous pavement.
Embodiment 2:
Be first 1.2 embodiment 1 described treated basalt fiber with 1295 gram polymethyl methacrylates, 5 gram sodium lauryl sulphate and 780 gram acidity quotients stir and hyperacoustic effect under in N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone 5600 grams, making uniform mixed solution, then methyl alcohol 260 grams are added in the above-mentioned mixed solution, just have polymethyl methacrylate/treated basalt fiber mixture and separate out, with it with separated from solvent and in 60 ℃ of-90 ℃ of vacuum drying ovens oven dry to be treated basalt fiber content be 60% polymethyl methacrylate matrix material.Be designated as the BMF/NT836 matrix material.The result is with embodiment 1.
The application of matrix material:
No. 70 road traffic pitches 1000 grams are heated to 165 ℃, and just pitch sprays in the prepared BMF/NT836 matrix material of 120 gram embodiment 2, adds simultaneously polyethylene 65 grams; By rubbing, high-shear and hyperacoustic multiple action with itself and pitch melt kneading, make the high modulus fibre composite asphalt, be called: BMF/NT836-ROXAL831, its performance data is seen Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, this matrix material is mixed in the pitch, can greatly improve the anti-high and low temperature of pitch and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance such as ageing-resistant, can significantly improve the road surface supporting capacity, prolong work-ing life of bituminous pavement.
Embodiment 3:
Utilize to stir first and ultrasonic wave is that 3.6 treated basalt fiber is made uniform mixed solution in chloroform 5600 restrains with 1295 gram polystyrene, 5 gram KH-550 silane coupling agents and embodiment 1 described 780 gram acidity quotients, then dehydrated alcohol 260 grams are added in the above-mentioned mixed solution, just having polystyrene/treated basalt fiber mixture separates out, mixture and separated from solvent dried in 60 ℃ of-90 ℃ of vacuum drying ovens to be treated basalt fiber content be 60% poly styrene composite material, be designated as the BMF/NT936 matrix material.The result is with embodiment 1.
The application of matrix material:
No. 70 road traffic pitch 1000 grams are heated to 165 ℃, pitch is sprayed in the prepared BMF/NT936 matrix material of above-mentioned 180 gram embodiment 3, again by high-shear, rubbing, continue to be heated to 185 ℃, add during this period methyl methacrylate 43 grams and styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) 35 grams, by hyperacoustic multiple action with itself and pitch melt kneading, make the high modulus fibre composite asphalt, be called: BMF/NT936-ROXAL712, its performance data is seen Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, this matrix material is mixed in the pitch, as seen improve greatly the viscosity of pitch, ductility and elasticity, the height of asphalt, low-temperature performance and antifatigue, every comprehensive technical performance such as ageing-resistant significantly improves, and can significantly improve the supporting capacity on road surface, prolong the work-ing life of bituminous pavement.
Claims (7)
1. a matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance is characterized in that, the weight part proportioning of component and component comprises:
1200 parts-1300 parts in polymkeric substance;
700 parts-800 parts of treated basalt fibers;
5 parts-50 parts of tensio-active agent or coupling agents;
Described treated basalt fiber is Al
2O
3Mass content be 6%-18%, the mass content of iron protoxide and ferric oxide is 9%-16%, acidity quotient is 1.2-4.8, the mid diameter made from centrifuging be 1 micron-8 Wei Mi ﹑ long/directly 〉=8 fibre content 〉=65% ﹑ unit weight is that 70 grams per liters～380 grams per liters, particle diameter are the wadding fibrous group of 3mm-8mm;
Described polymkeric substance is selected from one or more in polycarbonate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate, polyoxymethylene, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide and the polyether-ether-ketone;
Described tensio-active agent is selected from one or more in sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium stearate, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene glycol, beta-cyclodextrin, polyoxyethylene wax, polyethylene wax, tween and the stearylamine;
Described coupling agent is selected from one or more in silane coupling agent, aluminate coupling agent and the titanate coupling agent.
2. the described matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weight part proportioning of component and component comprises:
1250 parts-1300 parts in polymkeric substance;
710 parts-780 parts of treated basalt fibers;
40 parts-50 parts of tensio-active agent or coupling agents;
Described polymkeric substance is polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate or polystyrene;
Described coupling agent is silane coupling agent;
Described tensio-active agent is sodium lauryl sulphate or Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate.
3. the described matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described treated basalt fiber is: take basalt as raw material after 1350 ℃～1680 ℃ meltings, the interrupted cotton-shaped basalt fibre that under the effect of magnetoresistive effect, adopts the multiaxis centrifuging to make.
4. the described matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that this matrix material also comprises filler, and the weight part content of filler is 30 parts-600 parts.
5. the described matrix material that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance according to claim 4 is characterized in that described filler is selected from one or more in carbide of calcium, carbon black, white carbon black, polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylmethacrylate and the softening agent.
6. the described composite manufacture method that contains treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance of one of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are: first treated basalt fiber, polymkeric substance, tensio-active agent or coupling agent, filler are evenly spread in the solvent orange 2 A by the mode of stirring and sonic oscillation, get mixed solution; Again solvent B is joined in the described mixed solution and mix, so that product Precipitation and finish polymkeric substance to coating or the parcel of treated basalt fiber; Then elimination solvent orange 2 A and solvent B get throw out; With described throw out vacuum drying, get product at last;
Described solvent orange 2 A is selected from N-methyl-2 pyrrolidone, DMF, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, pimelinketone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane, 1,2-ethylene dichloride or phenol; Described solvent B is selected from dehydrated alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone, Virahol, propyl carbinol, normal hexane, deionized water or sherwood oil.
7. preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, first treated basalt fiber, polymkeric substance, tensio-active agent or coupling agent and filler is carried out pre-dispersed processing by shearing action, mixes with solvent orange 2 A again.
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