CN103041912A - Beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite - Google Patents
Beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite. The beneficiation method includes the following steps: screening and grading raw ore to obtain coarse grain materials and fine grain materials, subjecting the coarse grain materials and fine grain materials to first-stage iron removal respectively to obtain coarse grain iron tailings, fine grain iron tailings and inferior iron ore concentrates, subjecting the coarse grain iron tailings with iron removed to first-stage high intensity magnetic separation to obtain high intensity concentrates and tailings, subjecting the high intensity concentrates to spiral gravity to obtain gravity concentrates and subjecting the gravity concentrates to ore grinding, subjecting the fine grain iron tailings with iron removed to first-stage high intensity magnetic separation and second-stage high intensity magnetic separation sequentially to obtain high intensity magnetic concentrates and mixing the high intensity magnetic concentrates with the gravity concentrates with ore ground to be graded, and subjecting the unqualified graded mixed concentrates to ore grinding and subjecting the qualified mixed concentrates to second-stage iron removal, three-stage high intensity magnetic separation and flotation sequentially to obtain the final ilmenite concentrates. The beneficiation method of ilmenite is applicable to low-grade ilmenite. According to the beneficiation method, the quality of the ilmenite concentrates can be ensured while the recovery of the ilmenite concentrates can be improved, thereby great economic benefit can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of beneficiation method, relate in particular to a kind of ore dressing new method of low-grade ilmenite.
Background technology
The Chinese Titanium resource occupies first of the world, and reserves account for 40% of the world, wherein more than 90% at Panxi Area, Sichuan Province.The titanium resource of Panxi Diqu is mainly the vanadium titano-magnetite of ore type, and wherein calcium-magnesium content is higher, belongs to the ilmenite of difficulty of development and use.At present, mainly to TiO
2The above iron selection tailings of content 8wt% carries out the recycling of ilmenite.Along with the expanding day of titanium resource demand, the anxious utilization to be developed of the iron selection tailings that a large amount of titaniferous that this area exists are lower.Because the type resource titaniferous amount is low, add complicated mineral composition and embedding cloth relation, cause the ilmenite rate of recovery of the type resource low, cost recovery is high.
For TiO
2Content is the above iron selection tailings of 8wt%, and the at present technological process of main employing the " raw ore → every slag → classification → deironing → two section high intensity magnetic separation → flotation " is reclaimed ilmenite, as shown in Figure 1, adopts this flow process can obtain TiO
2Grade reaches the ilmenite concentrate more than 47%, and the flotation operation rate of recovery reaches more than 75%.But, with above-mentioned technological process to TiO
2When the ilmenite that content is lower reclaims, two sections strong magnetic production obtains be used for flotation to ore deposit, TiO
2Grade can only reach 9%～12%, and low-grade flotation like this is very unfavorable for flotation to the ore deposit, and grade and the rate of recovery that can cause finally obtaining ilmenite concentrate are all undesirable, and the floating agent cost is high, can't reach economical, efficiently utilize the purpose of low-grade titanium resource.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of low-grade ilmenite that is applicable to is provided, when guaranteeing qualified ilmenite concentrate quality, improve the beneficiation method of the ilmenite concentrate rate of recovery.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite, described beneficiation method comprises the steps: raw ore is carried out processing every slag; Raw ore behind slag is carried out classification process, obtain coarse-grained material and fine; After described coarse-grained material and fine carried out respectively one section deironing, obtain coarse grain except iron tailings, particulate except iron tailings and inferior iron ore concentrate; Described coarse grain is carried out one section high intensity magnetic separation except iron tailings, obtain high intensity magnetic mineral and mine tailing; Described high intensity magnetic mineral is carried out the spiral gravity treatment, obtain gravity concentrate and mine tailing; Described gravity concentrate is delivered to ore grinding to be processed; Described particulate removes iron tailings successively through one section high intensity magnetic separation and two sections high intensity magnetic separations, and the high intensity magnetic mineral of final acquisition mixes and classification with the gravity concentrate behind the described ore grinding; Defective bulk concentrate after the classification is returned the ore grinding step regrind, qualified bulk concentrate carries out two sections deironing, obtains two sections except iron tailings and time iron ore concentrate; Remove iron tailings with described two sections and carry out three sections high intensity magnetic separations, the high intensity magnetic mineral of acquisition obtains final ilmenite concentrate through after the flotation.
An embodiment according to the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite of the present invention, can comprise that in described spiral gravity treatment step the high intensity magnetic mineral that described one section high intensity magnetic separation is obtained carries out spiral and roughly selects, obtain qualified gravity concentrate, chats and mine tailing, wherein, described chats scans to obtain qualified gravity concentrate through spiral again.
An embodiment according to the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite of the present invention, described flotation step can comprise floating sulphur and the floating titanium step of carrying out successively, wherein, described floating titanium step can comprise that roughly selecting and will roughly select concentrate obtains final ilmenite concentrate after selected through four times.
According to an embodiment of the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite of the present invention, the described granularity that is used for the raw ore that classification processes behind slag is not more than 2mm.
An embodiment according to the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite of the present invention, described coarse grain is except iron tailings and particulate removes one section high intensity magnetic separation of iron tailings, the magnetic field intensity of three sections high intensity magnetic separations is 5000～10000 oersteds, and described particulate is 2000～7000 oersteds except the magnetic field intensity of two sections high intensity magnetic separations of iron tailings.
According to an embodiment of the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite of the present invention, the feed ore concentration of described spiral gravity treatment is 25wt%～45wt%.
According to an embodiment of the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite of the present invention, the granularity of described coarse-grained material is greater than 0.154mm, and the granularity of described fine is not more than 0.154mm.
An embodiment according to the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite of the present invention can be controlled to be 40%～60% with the mog of the gravity concentrate behind the described ore grinding.
According to an embodiment of the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite of the present invention, TiO in the described low-grade ilmenite
2Content is 2wt%～7wt%.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention comprises and is applicable to low-grade ilmenite, improve be used for flotation to the ore deposit grade, and reduced the content of its olivine and plagioclase, can when guaranteeing the ilmenite concentrate quality, improve the ilmenite concentrate rate of recovery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the former mineral processing circuit figure of ilmenite.
Fig. 2 is the mineral processing circuit figure of ilmenite of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Below, describe embodiments of the invention in detail with reference to accompanying drawing.Should be noted that in this manual, related percentage unless otherwise indicated all refers to percentage by weight, hereinafter will repeat no more.
Fig. 1 is the former mineral processing circuit figure of ilmenite, and Fig. 2 is the mineral processing circuit figure of ilmenite of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, former ore-dressing technique be with raw ore through after slag is processed, carrying out classification, obtain coarse-grained material and fine, respectively it is carried out one section deironing after, obtain coarse grain except iron tailings, particulate except iron tailings and inferior iron ore concentrate; Wherein, coarse grain obtains final ilmenite concentrate through carrying out flotation behind two sections high intensity magnetic separations except iron tailings and particulate respectively except iron tailings.Adopt technological process shown in Figure 1 to low-grade (TiO
2Content is about 2wt%～when 7wt%) ilmenite reclaims and since two sections strong magnetic productions obtain be used for flotation to ore deposit, TiO
2Grade is lower, and the content of olivine and plagioclase is high, makes the grade of final acquisition ilmenite concentrate and the rate of recovery all undesirable.
The present invention improves flotation to the grade in ore deposit in order to reduce the content of olivine and plagioclase, improves the ilmenite concentrate rate of recovery when guaranteeing the ilmenite concentrate quality, and a kind of low-grade (TiO that is applicable to is provided
2Content is about the beneficiation new process of ilmenite of 2wt%～7wt%).Concrete mineral processing circuit as shown in Figure 2, namely at first the ilmenite raw ore is carried out processing every slag, in an example of the present invention, in the ilmenite granularity greater than the raw ore of 2mm through after processing every slag as mine tailing, and granularity is not more than the raw ore of 2mm and is used for next step processing.
Raw ore behind slag is carried out classification to be processed, obtain coarse-grained material and fine, here, the concrete size of coarse-grained material and fine is different and different according to raw ore, in an example of the present invention, the granularity of described coarse-grained material is greater than 0.154mm, and the granularity of described fine is not more than 0.154mm.Then, coarse-grained material and fine carried out respectively one section deironing after, obtain coarse grain except iron tailings, particulate except iron tailings and inferior iron ore concentrate.
Coarse grain is carried out one section high intensity magnetic separation except iron tailings, obtain high intensity magnetic mineral and mine tailing, the purpose of one section strong magnetic is to utilize a large amount of mine tailings such as gangue of magnetic mineral difference jettisoning, reduces the subsequent handling treating capacity, reduces cost.
The high intensity magnetic mineral of gained carries out the spiral gravity treatment, and utilizing the difference of specific gravity of various mineral to dish out affects weak magnetic olivine and the plagioclase of floatation process, obtains gravity concentrate and mine tailing.In an example of the present invention, adopt spiral chute to carry out the spiral reselection operation.In spiral reselection operation process, should adopt one slightly to sweep combined process flow, the high intensity magnetic mineral that namely at first one section high intensity magnetic separation is obtained carries out spiral and roughly selects, obtain qualified gravity concentrate, chats and mine tailing, wherein, this chats scans to obtain qualified gravity concentrate through spiral again, and one thick (roughly selecting) is in order to improve the grade of final ilmenite concentrate, and sweeping (scanning) is in order to improve the rate of recovery of ilmenite.The gravity concentrate of gained is delivered to ore grinding and is processed, and ore grinding can improve the liberation degree of minerals of mineral.
Described particulate removes iron tailings successively through one section high intensity magnetic separation and two sections high intensity magnetic separations, and the high intensity magnetic mineral of final acquisition mixes and classification with the gravity concentrate behind the described ore grinding.Defective bulk concentrate after the classification is returned the ore grinding step regrind, qualified bulk concentrate carries out two sections deironing, obtains two sections except iron tailings and time iron ore concentrate.
Remove iron tailings with described two sections and carry out three sections high intensity magnetic separations.The purpose of three sections high intensity magnetic separations is to process the gangue mineral that dissociates and obtain in order to remove ore grinding, further improve the high intensity magnetic mineral grade, for flotation step provide high-quality to the ore deposit raw material, high intensity magnetic mineral behind three sections strong magnetic obtains final ilmenite concentrate through after the flotation, flotation step comprises floating sulphur and the floating titanium step of carrying out successively, wherein, in order to improve the grade of final ilmenite concentrate, floating titanium step should adopt one thick four smart flow process, namely carries out one roughing and also will roughly select concentrate and obtain final ilmenite concentrate after selected through four times.
In order to reach optimization process effect of the present invention, the present invention has also carried out concrete selection and adjustment to the design parameter of high intensity magnetic separation, the relevant parameters such as feed ore concentration of spiral gravity treatment: generally in order to guarantee the rate of recovery and to take into account simultaneously the grade of concentrate, coarse grain all may be selected to be 5000～10000 oersteds except iron tailings and particulate except one section high intensity magnetic separation of iron tailings, the magnetic field intensity of three sections high intensity magnetic separations; And take into account simultaneously the rate of recovery in order to ensure the grade of concentrate, particulate may be selected to be 2000～7000 oersteds except the magnetic field intensity of two sections high intensity magnetic separations of iron tailings.For weak magnetic olivine and the part plagioclase of effectively dishing out, reach the purpose that improves the gravity concentrate grade, the feed ore concentration of control spiral gravity treatment is 25%～45%.In addition, in order to improve the liberation degree of minerals of ilmenite, and prevent that overground argillization from affecting next step flotation operation, the mog of the gravity concentrate behind the described ore grinding can be controlled to be 40%～60%, here, mog refers to the fineness of ore milling product, generally with mass fraction (%) expression less than 200 orders (less than 0.074 millimeter) ore particle.
Adopt new technology of the present invention that low-grade ilmenite is reclaimed, can obtain TiO
2Grade to the ore deposit, adopts Fig. 1 flow process to improve more than 3% greater than 15% flotation, and is highly beneficial to follow-up flotation operation, finally obtains TiO
2Grade reaches the ilmenite concentrate more than 47%, has reached economy, the low-grade ilmenite of high efficiente callback, and improves the purpose of the ilmenite concentrate rate of recovery.
Two kinds of flotation that flow process obtains of table 1 are to the mineral composition comparing result in ore deposit
| Technological process | Titanomagnetite | Ilmenite | Pyroxene | Olivine | Hornblend | Plagioclase |
| ? | ? | （%） | （%） | （%） | （%） | （%） |
| Fig. 1 flow process | 16.92 | 17.64 | 10.28 | 42.59 | 7.06 | 2.82 |
| Fig. 2 flow process | 10.72 | 27.49 | 11.33 | 38.54 | 4.41 | 2.79 |
Provided the resulting comparing result to the ore deposit composition for flotation of technological process shown in Figure 1 and technological process of the present invention in the table 1, can find out, not only improve larger to flotation to the ore deposit grade after increasing the spiral gravity treatment, simultaneously olivine and the plagioclase content that affects the flotation of lower step there is certain reduction, helps next step flotation.
The cost analysis of two kinds of flow process floating agents of table 2
As seen from Table 2, two kinds of various reagent consumption amounts of flow process are suitable, adopt the average unit of Fig. 1 flow process be used for flotation to 34.29 yuan of ore deposit reagent costs, 382.68 yuan of unit ilmenite concentrate reagent costs, and the average unit of Fig. 2 flow process be used for flotation to 34.26 yuan of ore deposit reagent costs, 230.23 yuan of unit ilmenite concentrate reagent costs, namely this flow process unit's ilmenite concentrate reagent cost is than low 152.45 yuan of Fig. 1 flow process.
Table 3 ilmenite concentrate sorts cost analysis
As seen from Table 3,25.69 yuan of the average unit costs of employing Fig. 1 flow process unit raw ore, 1027.60 yuan of unit ilmenite concentrate costs, and adopt 21.36 yuan of the average unit costs of Fig. 2 flow process unit raw ore, 688.90 yuan of unit ilmenite concentrate costs, namely the more former flow process of new technological flow unit's ilmenite concentrate cost is low 338.70 yuan.
In sum, the beneficiation method of ilmenite of the present invention is applicable to low-grade ilmenite.Show through pilot production, adopt new technology of the present invention, be used for flotation to ore deposit TiO
2Grade reaches more than 15%, has reduced olivine and the plagioclase content of the lower step flotation of impact, can guarantee ilmenite concentrate quality (TiO
2Grade reaches more than 47%) time improve the ilmenite concentrate rate of recovery, and floating agent cost, unit ilmenite concentrate cost reduce greatly, produced huge economic benefit.
Although specifically described the beneficiation method of ilmenite with reference to embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art will appreciate that in the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various forms of changes to embodiment.
Claims (9)
1. the beneficiation method of a low-grade ilmenite is characterized in that, described beneficiation method comprises the steps:
Raw ore is carried out processing every slag;
Raw ore behind slag is carried out classification process, obtain coarse-grained material and fine;
After described coarse-grained material and described fine carried out respectively one section deironing, obtain coarse grain except iron tailings, particulate except iron tailings and inferior iron ore concentrate;
Described coarse grain is carried out one section high intensity magnetic separation except iron tailings, obtain high intensity magnetic mineral and mine tailing;
Described high intensity magnetic mineral is carried out the spiral gravity treatment, obtain gravity concentrate and mine tailing;
Described gravity concentrate is delivered to ore grinding to be processed;
Described particulate removes iron tailings successively through one section high intensity magnetic separation and two sections high intensity magnetic separations, and the high intensity magnetic mineral of final acquisition mixes and classification with the gravity concentrate behind the described ore grinding;
Defective bulk concentrate after the classification is returned the ore grinding step regrind, qualified bulk concentrate carries out two sections deironing, obtains two sections except iron tailings and time iron ore concentrate;
Remove iron tailings with described two sections and carry out three sections high intensity magnetic separations, the high intensity magnetic mineral of acquisition obtains final ilmenite concentrate through after the flotation.
2. the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise that in described spiral gravity treatment step the high intensity magnetic mineral that described one section high intensity magnetic separation is obtained carries out spiral and roughly selects, obtain qualified gravity concentrate, chats and mine tailing, wherein, described chats scans to obtain qualified gravity concentrate through spiral again.
3. the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described flotation step comprises floating sulphur and the floating titanium step of carrying out successively, and wherein, described floating titanium step comprises that roughly selecting and will roughly select concentrate obtains final ilmenite concentrate after selected through four times.
4. the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described granularity that is used for the raw ore of classification processing behind slag is not more than 2mm.
5. the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described coarse grain is except iron tailings and particulate removes one section high intensity magnetic separation of iron tailings, the magnetic field intensity of three sections high intensity magnetic separations is 5000～10000 oersteds, and described particulate is 2000～7000 oersteds except the magnetic field intensity of two sections high intensity magnetic separations of iron tailings.
6. the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the feed ore concentration of described spiral gravity treatment is 25wt%～45wt%.
7. the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the mog of the gravity concentrate behind the described ore grinding is controlled to be 40%～60%.
8. the beneficiation method of low-grade ilmenite according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the granularity of described coarse-grained material is greater than 0.154mm, and the granularity of described fine is not more than 0.154mm.
9. according to claim 1 to the beneficiation method of 8 each described low-grade ilmenites, it is characterized in that TiO in the described low-grade ilmenite
2Content is 2wt%～7wt%.
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