CN103036391A - Superconductivity reluctance type magnetic force machine - Google Patents
Superconductivity reluctance type magnetic force machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103036391A CN103036391A CN2011103036355A CN201110303635A CN103036391A CN 103036391 A CN103036391 A CN 103036391A CN 2011103036355 A CN2011103036355 A CN 2011103036355A CN 201110303635 A CN201110303635 A CN 201110303635A CN 103036391 A CN103036391 A CN 103036391A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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Abstract
The invention relates to a superconductivity reluctance type magnetic force machine which mainly comprises a stator magnetizer, high temperature superconductivity shielding bodies (2), a bearing member, rotor magnets, pole shoes (5), a heat-isolating layer (6), a torque pipe (7), a rotary shaft (13), and a refrigeration device (14). A rotor is provided with one or more than one pair of poles, and two poles or one of the two poles of each rotor magnet are or is provided with the pole shoes or a pole shoe. The high temperature superconductivity shielding bodies are adopted between the two poles of each rotor magnet and/or two adjacent rotor magnets, or between the part from one third to two thirds of one of the poles and/or two adjacent rotor magnets to shield magnetic induction lines. The pole shoes separate the high temperature superconductivity shielding bodies and poles which are shielded by the high temperature superconductivity shielding bodies. According to the theory that the magnetic induction lines always close along a line with the least reluctance, closed curves of the magnetic induction lines are elongated and twisted by the utilization of a superconductor, and torque is obtained during the process that the magnetic induction lines 'try' to close along the line with the least reluctance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of free energy driving source machinery, particularly a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine.
Technical background
Superconductor is a kind of material with perfect diamganetism and zero resistance characteristic, and numerous free energy researchers attempt to utilize the complete diamagnetic characteristic of superconductor to make magnetic energy motor, but all unsuccessful.
The present invention always along the principle of minimum reluctance route closure, utilizes superconductor that the closed curve of magnetic induction line is elongated, twists according to magnetic induction line, " attempts " to obtain torque in the process of minimum reluctance route closure at magnetic induction line.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine that magnetic energy can be converted to mechanical energy.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine, mainly comprise stator magnetizer, high-temperature superconductor shield (2), supporting member, rotor magnet, pole shoe (5), thermal insulation layer (6), torque tubes (7), rotating shaft (13) and refrigerator (14), it is characterized in that: rotor is a pair of utmost point or a pair of extremely above rotor, and the two poles of the earth of rotor magnet or one of them magnetic pole are provided with pole shoe; Between 1/3 to 2/3 part of the two poles of the earth of rotor magnet or one of them magnetic pole and/or adjacent two rotor magnets with high-temperature superconductor shield shielding magnetic induction line, pole shoe with the high-temperature superconductor shield with separated by the magnetic pole of its magnetic screen; Thermal insulation layer is located at the outside of magnetic force machine, there is not thermal insulation layer between stator and the rotor, perhaps, between stator and the rotor and the outside of magnetic force machine all is provided with thermal insulation layer, wherein, the thermal insulation layer between stator and the rotor adopts thickness to make less than the heat-barrier material of 10mm, perhaps, thermal insulation layer is located between stator and the rotor, and the outside of magnetic force machine does not have thermal insulation layer; Rotor magnet is permanent magnet (4) and/or high-temperature superconductor electromagnet (15); The supporting member of rotor magnet is ferromagnetism supporting member (3) or nonferromagnetic supporting member (16), or the supporting member of above two class material combinations; Stator magnetizer is circular ring type magnetic conductor (1) or dish-type magnetic conductor (17) or column type magnetic conductor.
Described magnetic force machine is internal rotor magnetic force machine or external rotor magnetic force machine or disc magnetic machine.The rotor of internal rotor magnetic force machine is interior, stator outside, the pole orientation of rotor magnet is for radially, stator magnetizer is the circular ring type magnetic conductor, the outer magnetic pole of rotor magnet is provided with pole shoe; The rotor of external rotor magnetic force machine outside, stator is interior, the pole orientation of rotor magnet is for radially, stator magnetizer is the column type magnetic conductor, the internal magnetic pole of rotor magnet is provided with pole shoe; The stator of disc magnetic machine and rotor axial setting, the pole orientation of rotor magnet are axially, and in the middle of rotor was located at, two stator dish-type magnetic conductors were located at both sides, and the two poles of the earth of rotor magnet all are provided with pole shoe.
Described torque tubes encircles by interior ring, outer shroud and in connecting and the strutting piece of outer shroud forms, and torque tubes is made with heat-barrier material and/or metal material.The effect of torque tubes has two aspects, and the one, carry refrigerant to rotor, the 2nd, heat insulation.Glass fibre fiberglass or carbon fiber glass fiber reinforced plastic or hard resin or synthetic fibers that the heat-barrier material that torque tubes adopts is hardness height, good toughness, conductive coefficient is low.Torque tubes can also be made with the mode that heat-barrier material combines with metal material.
Described permanent magnet is Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet or praseodymium iron boron permanent magnet or samarium cobalt permanent magnet body or ferrite permanent magnet or Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet.
Described high-temperature superconductor electromagnet is comprised of high-temperature superconductor winding and nonferromagnetic supporting member, and perhaps, the high-temperature superconductor electromagnet is comprised of high-temperature superconductor winding, nonferromagnetic supporting member and iron core.The nonferromagnetic supporting member is made with nonferromugnetic material, such as stainless steel.The high-temperature superconductor winding is formed by hts tape or band coiling.If in supporting member, add iron core, can reduce the consumption of high temperature superconducting materia, can reduce material cost, but can increase the refrigeration cost, however both compare, in supporting member, add iron core, still have its saving grace.Iron core and pole shoe are made an integral body, or both arrange respectively.
Described stator magnetizer, pole shoe, iron core and ferromagnetism supporting member are made with ferrimagnet.When rotor magnet is permanent magnet, generally adopt the ferromagnetism supporting member as yoke.Described ferrimagnet is electrical pure iron or ferrite or silicon steel or permalloy or non-crystaline amorphous metal or ripple pleasant virtue alloy.Ripple pleasant virtue alloy has the permeability larger 10 times than electrical pure iron, adopts ripple pleasant virtue alloy can reduce the use amount of ferrimagnet.
The refrigerant that described refrigerator adopts is nitrogen or helium or neon or hydrogen.
Described thermal insulation layer is made with vacuum heat insulation material.Vacuum heat insulation material mainly comprises fiber core and outer covering layer.The fiber core is the aggregate of glass fibre or ceramic fibre or paper fiber or multiple fiber.On the face of the material of outer covering layer, at outermost layer aramid layer is set preferably, as sealer, its inner layer material is preferably poly-to stupid dioctyl phthalate second two fat layers, and the intermediate layer is aluminium foil.Can include sorbent in the vacuum heat insulation material as required.
Described high-temperature superconductor shield, hts tape or band (HTS) are made by MgB2 or lanthanum barium copper oxysome or yttrium barium calcium copper oxysome or bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper oxysome or yttrium barium copper oxide body or thallium barium calcium copper oxysome or plumbous strontium yttrium copper oxysome or barium potassium bismuth oxysome or neodymium cerium copper oxysome or iron-based superconductor or Bi2212 or the high-temperature superconductor materials such as Bi2223 or ReOTPn body.MgB2 is comprised of magnesium and boron, is a kind of lower-cost high-temperature superconductor.Described iron-based superconductor is the samarium oxygen iron arsenic compound of iron selenium (FeSe), LaFeAsO1-xFx or lanthanum iron arsenic oxygen (LaOFeAs) or barium iron arsenic or fluorine doping etc.Bi2223 is bismuth series superconducting material BiB2BSrB2BCAB2BCuB3B0BxB, and Bi2212 is bismuth series superconducting material YBaB2BCuB3B0BxB.The ReOTPn system is synthetic by rare earth element, transition-metal Fe and Ni, V group element As and P etc.
The surface of high-temperature superconductor shield passes into the direct cooling high-temperature superconducting shield of refrigerant with heat-barrier material or non-heat-barrier material parcel, and perhaps, the surface of high-temperature superconductor shield does not have lapping, by supporting member and pole shoe cooling high-temperature superconducting shield.High-temperature superconductor winding surface passes into the direct cooling high-temperature superconducting winding of refrigerant with heat-barrier material or non-heat-barrier material parcel, and perhaps, the surface of high-temperature superconductor winding does not have lapping, by supporting member cooling high-temperature superconducting winding.
1/3 to 2/3 area of high-temperature superconductor shield shielding rotor magnet the two poles of the earth or one of them magnetic pole, 1/2 Area comparison of general shaded pole is suitable, makes magnetic induction line concentrate on unscreened position.Always along the principle of minimum reluctance route closure, under the attraction of stator magnetizer, magnet can be towards unscreened direction motion, so produced the moment of torsion of a rotation according to magnetic induction line.Magnet acts on the power of superconductor and power that superconductor acts on magnet is cancelled out each other, and has all converted the torsion that makes rotor to and stator magnetizer acts on the power of magnet.Separate with pole shoe between the magnetic pole of high-temperature superconductor shield and rotor magnet, the magnetic induction line of conductively-closed can be changed its course along pole shoe.The high-temperature superconductor shield cannot directly overlay the magnetic pole surfaces of rotor magnet, but can cover the side of rotor magnet.The thickness of the pole shoe between the magnetic pole of high-temperature superconductor shield and rotor magnet is wanted to allow magnetic induction line pass through smoothly, and namely magnetic induction line density will be below the saturation point of pole shoe, so pole shoe is suitable adopts the higher soft iron material manufacturing of permeability, to reduce thickness.
For preventing that extraneous hot-air from entering in the casing from axle, the mode that the shaft seal of magnetic force machine adopts mechanical seal or magnet fluid sealing or magnet fluid sealing to combine with mechanical seal seals.
The field power supply of high-temperature superconductor electromagnet is provided by coaxial exciter, and perhaps, the field power supply of high-temperature superconductor electromagnet is external dc power, imports by brushgear.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the first embodiment of the invention structural representation.
Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are the second embodiment of the invention structural representation.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 are the third embodiment of the invention structural representation.
Fig. 9 is the fourth embodiment of the invention structural representation.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The first embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 schematic cross-section, Fig. 2 overall structure schematic diagram, Fig. 3 magnetic induction line distribution map, a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine mainly comprises stator ring type magnetic conductor (1), high-temperature superconductor shield (2), ferromagnetism supporting member (3), rotor permanent magnet (4), pole shoe (5), thermal insulation layer (6), torque tubes (7), layout supporting member (8), refrigerant (9), end cap (10), bearing (11), shaft seal (12), rotating shaft (13) and refrigerator (14).Rotor is at internal layer, and stator is the internal rotor magnetic force machine at skin; Rotor is provided with 6 permanent magnets, is 3 pairs of utmost point rotors, and the some of the outer magnetic pole of rotor magnet is provided with pole shoe; Do magnetic screen with the high-temperature superconductor shield between 1/2 area of the outer magnetic pole of rotor magnet and adjacent two rotor magnets, pole shoe with the high-temperature superconductor shield with separated by the magnetic pole of its magnetic screen; The high-temperature superconductor shield overlays on the surface of pole shoe and the surface of layout supporting member; The surface of high-temperature superconductor shield does not have the heat-barrier material parcel, by layout supporting member and pole shoe cooling high-temperature superconducting magnetic shield; Thermal insulation layer is located at the outside of magnetic force machine; The supporting member of rotor permanent magnet is ferromagnetism supporting member, i.e. yoke; The refrigerant that refrigerator uses is liquid nitrogen; Magnet fluid sealing is adopted in shaft seal; Torque tubes has two, is located at respectively the both sides of rotor, and refrigerant enters rotor from a torque tubes, flows back to thermal insulation layer and refrigerator from another torque tubes; Pole shoe is made with ripple pleasant virtue alloy, and ferromagnetism supporting member and stator ring type magnetic conductor are made with electrical pure iron; The high-temperature superconductor shield is made with high temperature superconducting materia MgB2; Permanent magnet is Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet; Torque tubes is made with glass fibre fiberglass; Thermal insulation layer is made with vacuum insulation panel; The pole orientation of rotor magnet is for radially, and magnetic flux is tangential through the path direction of stator magnetizer.From the magnetic induction line distribution map as can be known: the magnetic induction line of the outer magnetic pole conductively-closed of rotor magnet part is a side of conductively-closed not along pole shoe " stream " to magnetic pole, magnetic induction line passes through stator ring type magnetic conductor " stream " to adjacent magnet, magnetic induction line is elongated, twists, according to magnetic induction line always along the principle of minimum reluctance route closure, rotor magnet court is a side shifting of conductively-closed not, make rotor produce the rotary torsion square, realize spontaneous rotation.
The second embodiment
Referring to Fig. 4 schematic cross-section, Fig. 5 overall structure schematic diagram, a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine mainly comprises stator ring type magnetic conductor (1), high-temperature superconductor shield (2), ferromagnetism supporting member (3), rotor permanent magnet (4), pole shoe (5), thermal insulation layer (6), torque tubes (7), layout supporting member (8), refrigerant (9), end cap (10), bearing (11), shaft seal (12), rotating shaft (13) and refrigerator (14).The outer magnetic pole surface of rotor permanent magnet covers with pole shoe; Half of high-temperature superconductor shield covering pole shoe and a side; Thermal insulation layer is located at rotor surface.All the other do not state part with the first embodiment, no longer repeat.
The 3rd embodiment
Referring to Fig. 6 schematic cross-section, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 superconduction winding supporting member and pole shoe figure, a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine mainly comprises stator ring type magnetic conductor (1), high-temperature superconductor shield (2), nonferromagnetic supporting member (16), rotor high-temperature superconductor electromagnet (15), pole shoe (5), thermal insulation layer (6), torque tubes (7), layout supporting member (8), refrigerant, end cap, bearing, shaft seal, rotating shaft and refrigerator.The winding of high-temperature superconductor electromagnet is formed by the coiling of Bi2223 wire rod; Wrap up with heat-barrier material on the top layer of high-temperature superconductor winding, directly passes into refrigerant cooling high-temperature superconducting winding; The field power supply of high-temperature superconductor electromagnet is provided by coaxial exciter; The nonferromagnetic supporting member is made with stainless steel; The nonferromagnetic supporting member has two kinds: a groove (such as Fig. 7) is arranged in the middle of a kind of tooth of nonferromagnetic supporting member, be used for placing iron core, the tooth of another kind of nonferromagnetic supporting member does not have groove (such as Fig. 8); Iron core and pole shoe are made an integral body; Thermal insulation layer is located at rotor surface.All the other do not state part with the first embodiment, no longer repeat.
The 4th embodiment
Referring to Fig. 9, a kind of dish-type superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine mainly comprises stator dish-type magnetic conductor (17), high-temperature superconductor shield (2), ferromagnetism supporting member (3), rotor permanent magnet (4), pole shoe (5), thermal insulation layer (6), torque tubes (7), refrigerant (9), dish shell (18), bearing (11), shaft seal (12), rotating shaft (13) and refrigerator (14).In the middle of stator and rotor axial setting, rotor were located at, two stator dish-type magnetic conductors were located at both sides, and two stator dish-type magnetic conductors are fixedly connected with a dish shell; Rotor permanent magnet and pole shoe are located in the slotted eye of ferromagnetism supporting member, and the high-temperature superconductor shield is attached to the surface of pole shoe and ferromagnetism supporting member, and the radial dimension of high-temperature superconductor shield is larger than the radial dimension of pole shoe; The flow direction of rotor magnet is that axially magnetic flux is tangential in the magnetic-path direction of stator dish-type magnetic conductor.All the other do not state part with the first embodiment, no longer repeat.
Claims (10)
1. superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine, mainly comprise stator magnetizer, high-temperature superconductor shield (2), supporting member, rotor magnet, pole shoe (5), thermal insulation layer (6), torque tubes (7), rotating shaft (13) and refrigerator (14), it is characterized in that: rotor is a pair of utmost point or a pair of extremely above rotor, and the two poles of the earth of rotor magnet or one of them magnetic pole are provided with pole shoe; Between 1/3 to 2/3 part of the two poles of the earth of rotor magnet or one of them magnetic pole and/or adjacent two rotor magnets with high-temperature superconductor shield shielding magnetic induction line, pole shoe with the high-temperature superconductor shield with separated by the magnetic pole of its magnetic screen; Thermal insulation layer is located at the outside of magnetic force machine, there is not thermal insulation layer between stator and the rotor, perhaps, between stator and the rotor and the outside of magnetic force machine all is provided with thermal insulation layer, wherein, the thermal insulation layer between stator and the rotor adopts thickness to make less than the heat-barrier material of 10mm, perhaps, thermal insulation layer is located between stator and the rotor, and the outside of magnetic force machine does not have thermal insulation layer; Rotor magnet is permanent magnet (4) and/or high-temperature superconductor electromagnet (15); The supporting member of rotor magnet is ferromagnetism supporting member (3) or nonferromagnetic supporting member (16), or the supporting member of above two class material combinations; Stator magnetizer is circular ring type magnetic conductor (1) or dish-type magnetic conductor (17) or column type magnetic conductor.
2. described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine according to claim 1, described magnetic force machine is internal rotor magnetic force machine or external rotor magnetic force machine or disc magnetic machine; The rotor of internal rotor magnetic force machine is interior, stator outside, the pole orientation of rotor magnet is for radially, stator magnetizer is the circular ring type magnetic conductor, the outer magnetic pole of rotor magnet is provided with pole shoe; The rotor of external rotor magnetic force machine outside, stator is interior, the pole orientation of rotor magnet is for radially, stator magnetizer is the column type magnetic conductor, the internal magnetic pole of rotor magnet is provided with pole shoe; The stator of disc magnetic machine and rotor axial setting, the pole orientation of rotor magnet are axially, and in the middle of rotor was located at, two stator dish-type magnetic conductors were located at both sides, and the two poles of the earth of rotor magnet all are provided with pole shoe.
3. described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described permanent magnet is Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet or praseodymium iron boron permanent magnet or samarium cobalt permanent magnet body or ferrite permanent magnet or Al-Ni-Co permanent magnet.
4. described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described high-temperature superconductor electromagnet is comprised of high-temperature superconductor winding and nonferromagnetic supporting member, perhaps, the high-temperature superconductor electromagnet is comprised of high-temperature superconductor winding, nonferromagnetic supporting member and iron core; The high-temperature superconductor winding is formed by hts tape or band coiling.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machines, it is characterized in that: described stator magnetizer, pole shoe, iron core and ferromagnetism supporting member are made with ferrimagnet; Described ferrimagnet is electrical pure iron or ferrite or silicon steel or permalloy or non-crystaline amorphous metal or ripple pleasant virtue alloy.
6. described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the refrigerant that described refrigerator adopts is nitrogen or helium or neon or hydrogen.
7. described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thermal insulation layer is made with vacuum heat insulation material; Vacuum heat insulation material mainly comprises fiber core and outer covering layer.
8. it is characterized in that according to claim 1 or 4 described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machines: described high-temperature superconductor shield, hts tape or band are become by MgB2 or lanthanum barium copper oxysome or yttrium barium calcium copper oxysome or bismuth-strontium-calcium-copper oxysome or yttrium barium copper oxide body or thallium barium calcium copper oxysome or plumbous strontium yttrium copper oxysome or barium potassium bismuth oxysome or neodymium cerium copper oxysome or iron-based superconductor or Bi2212 or Bi2223 or ReOTPn system.
9. according to claim 1 or 4 described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machines, it is characterized in that: wrap up with heat-barrier material or non-heat-barrier material on the surface of high-temperature superconductor shield, pass into the direct cooling high-temperature superconducting shield of refrigerant, perhaps, the surface of high-temperature superconductor shield does not have lapping, by supporting member and pole shoe cooling high-temperature superconducting shield; High-temperature superconductor winding surface passes into the direct cooling high-temperature superconducting winding of refrigerant with heat-barrier material or non-heat-barrier material parcel, and perhaps, the surface of high-temperature superconductor winding does not have lapping, by supporting member cooling high-temperature superconducting winding.
10. described a kind of superconduction reluctance type magnetic force machine according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the mode that the shaft seal of magnetic force machine adopts mechanical seal or magnet fluid sealing or magnet fluid sealing to combine with mechanical seal seals.
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| CN2011103036355A CN103036391A (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2011-10-03 | Superconductivity reluctance type magnetic force machine |
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| CN2011103036355A CN103036391A (en) | 2011-10-03 | 2011-10-03 | Superconductivity reluctance type magnetic force machine |
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| CN103036391A true CN103036391A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103795224A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-14 | 江苏大学 | Superconductive magnetism-isolation-type magnetism adjusting device |
| CN103825427A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-05-28 | 华中科技大学 | Torque conducting structure for superconducting motor |
-
2011
- 2011-10-03 CN CN2011103036355A patent/CN103036391A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103795224A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-14 | 江苏大学 | Superconductive magnetism-isolation-type magnetism adjusting device |
| CN103795224B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏大学 | Superconductive magnetism-isolation-type magnetism adjusting device |
| CN103825427A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-05-28 | 华中科技大学 | Torque conducting structure for superconducting motor |
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Application publication date: 20130410 |