CN103036281B - High-power photovoltaic charging system and main circuit of high-power photovoltaic charging system and control method of main circuit of high-power photovoltaic charging system - Google Patents
High-power photovoltaic charging system and main circuit of high-power photovoltaic charging system and control method of main circuit of high-power photovoltaic charging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103036281B CN103036281B CN201210513743.XA CN201210513743A CN103036281B CN 103036281 B CN103036281 B CN 103036281B CN 201210513743 A CN201210513743 A CN 201210513743A CN 103036281 B CN103036281 B CN 103036281B
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-power photovoltaic charging system. A main circuit of the high-power photovoltaic charging system comprises a plurality of charging units, wherein the plurality of charging units are of the same structure and are connected in parallel. Output ends of the plurality of charging units are all connected to a storage battery set. Each charging unit comprises a main power thyristor serving as a main power switch and an auxiliary turn-off circuit, wherein the main power thyristor is connected to a connection circuit of a photovoltaic array and the storage battery set, and the auxiliary turn-off circuit is connected with two ends of the photovoltaic array in parallel. A control circuit determines a system operation module by detecting terminal voltage of the storage battery set in real time. The invention further provides the main circuit of the high-power photovoltaic charging system and a control method of the main circuit of the high-power photovoltaic charging system. The high-power photovoltaic charging system and the main circuit of the high-power photovoltaic charging system and the control method of the main circuit of the high-power photovoltaic charging system have the advantages that break-over loss is greatly reduced, cost of the system is reduced and size of a device is decreased, the auxiliary turn-off circuits are adopted to enable the charging units to be switched on and switched off naturally, operation reliability of the system is enhanced, capacity expansion is achieved by simple addition of parallel branches, the system can be controlled flexibly, and redundancy is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to control circuit and control method, specifically a kind of photovoltaic charging system and main circuit thereof and charge control method thereof.
Background technology
Usually energy storage device need be equipped with, to ensure that system continually can provide required electric energy to load in independent type photovoltaic power generation system.Current photovoltaic generating system energy-storage travelling wave tube many employings lead-acid batteries, and the quality of battery charging management of performance will directly affect operation stability and the reliability of service lifetime of accumulator and whole electricity generation system.Therefore, good battery charging controller, is not only conducive to extending battery self service life, is also conducive to the operation stability and the reliability that improve electricity generation system.
Based in the high-power photovoltaic charge controller of multichannel sequence control principle, unit main circuit is generally by a counnter attack diode D
1, a power switch tube S
1and absorbing circuit composition, its system main circuit structure is as shown in Figure 1.For ensureing the effective control to each charhing unit, power switch tube S
1generally select wholly-controled device as IGBT or MOSFET etc.Because such devices inside is containing anti-and fly-wheel diode, for avoiding battery oppositely to damage solar cell to rechargeable solar battery, must to connect a counnter attack diode at photovoltaic array output, as the D in Fig. 1
1.This kind of charge controller mainly has the following disadvantages: 1. loss is large.Entirely control device because device for power switching adopts, in high-power system, power switch conduction loss is larger.In addition, the introducing of counnter attack diode in main circuit, adds diode current flow loss in charging process.2. volume is large and cost is high.Because the conduction loss of the switching loss of power switch and counnter attack diode is comparatively large, system must the larger radiator of corresponding configuration, makes machine volume huge, and high-tension high-power entirely to control device expensive, too increase system cost.3. poor reliability.In system work process, be that charhing unit cuts out by the mode by directly closing main circuit switching power.But, due to stray inductance effect in circuit, to induct at switching tube two ends very high voltage in the moment of closing, easily cause power switch to damage, even damage battery.
Summary of the invention
One of the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one and has that loss is little, volume is little, lightweight, the low and high-power photovoltaic charging system that reliability is high of cost.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions: a kind of high-power photovoltaic charging system, comprise charging main circuit, batteries and control circuit, the on all four charhing unit of structure that described charging main circuit comprises multiple parallel connection, the output of multiple charhing unit is all connected to batteries, each charhing unit comprises main power scr as master power switch and auxiliary breaking circuit, wherein main power scr is connected on the connection line of photovoltaic array and batteries, auxiliary breaking circuit is connected in parallel on the two ends of photovoltaic array, control circuit carrys out certainty annuity operational mode by detecting batteries terminal voltage in real time, when terminal voltage is lower than overdischarge pressure point, by controlling work charhing unit number, guarantee that charging current is within limit value, when terminal voltage is between overdischarge pressure and float charge voltage, open all element circuits, with big current to battery charging, and when voltage reaches float charge voltage, close some charhing units, with small area analysis, floating charge is carried out to batteries.
Further, the positive pole of described photovoltaic array is connected with the positive pole of batteries through main power scr, and negative pole is connected with batteries negative pole, forms the photovoltaic charged main circuit of common cathode.
Or the positive pole of described photovoltaic array is directly connected with batteries positive pole, and negative pole is connected with the negative pole of batteries through main power scr, form the extremely photovoltaic charged main circuit of common anode.
In above-mentioned two kinds of structures, the auxiliary breaking circuit of described each charhing unit comprises electric capacity, resistance, power switch, the second end after electric capacity and resistor coupled in parallel is connected to the first end of power switch, first end after electric capacity and resistor coupled in parallel and the second end of power switch are connected to the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic array, and the control end of power switch is connected to control circuit.
Further, described control circuit comprises the voltage sensor be installed in parallel at batteries two ends, be connected in parallel on the voltage sensor at each photovoltaic array two ends, be connected on the current sensor between batteries and charging main circuit circuit, be connected on the current sensor on each charhing unit circuit, ADC sample circuit, DSP CUP, control circuit detects batteries terminal voltage by ADC sample circuit, analog signal is converted to data signal and sends into DSP CUP, to differentiate batteries current state, when batteries terminal voltage is pressed lower than overdischarge, judge whether the photovoltaic array voltage of the first charhing unit is greater than starting resistor point, if, main power scr then to the first charhing unit sends triggering and conducting pulse signal, open the first charhing unit to battery charging, detect battery charging electric current by current sensor simultaneously, if charging current is less than minimum restriction current value, then send triggering and conducting pulse signal to the main power scr of second unit again, make second unit and first module simultaneously to battery charging, by that analogy, increase by road and open charhing unit, until charging current rises to irreducible minimum definite value, accumulator battery voltage progressively rises, when batteries terminal voltage rises to overdischarge pressure point, Zai Zhu opens on road all residue charhing units, the peak power that system can provide with photovoltaic battery array is to battery charging, after this, when batteries terminal voltage rises to set float charge voltage value, DSP CUP sends triggering and conducting signal to the power switch of the auxiliary breaking circuit of charhing unit successively, the auxiliary breaking circuit receiving triggering signal is opened, then main power scr is because naturally turning off by back-pressure, this charhing unit stops to battery charging, battery charging electric current reduces gradually, until actual charge current is within setting range, after sending conducting triggering signal to the power switch of the auxiliary breaking circuit of charhing unit, this unit charging current is monitored by the current sensor be connected on each charhing unit circuit, if electric current drops to zero, power switch then to the auxiliary breaking circuit of this unit sends shutoff triggering signal, corresponding auxiliary circuit branch is closed, stored by the electric capacity of this branch road subsequently, energy is exhausted by bleeder resistance, last capacitance terminal voltage reduces to zero, by that analogy, last only surplus a certain or some charhing unit maintenance work is to maintain battery floating charge state.
Power switch in each charhing unit described above adopts below any one: power IGBT is entirely controlled power device, power MOSFET and entirely controlled power device, power SCR.
The present invention also provides a kind of main circuit of high-power photovoltaic charging system, comprise multiple charhing unit, each charhing unit comprises main power scr as master power switch and auxiliary breaking circuit, wherein main power scr is connected on the connection line of photovoltaic array and batteries, and auxiliary breaking circuit is connected in parallel on the two ends of photovoltaic array.
More specifically, the positive pole of described photovoltaic array is connected with the positive pole of batteries through main power scr, and negative pole is connected with batteries negative pole, forms the photovoltaic charged main circuit of common cathode.
Or the positive pole of described photovoltaic array is directly connected with batteries positive pole, and negative pole is connected with the negative pole of batteries through main power scr, form the extremely photovoltaic charged main circuit of common anode.
The control method of the main circuit of the present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned high-power photovoltaic charging system, first batteries terminal voltage is detected by ADC sample circuit, analog signal is converted to data signal and sends into a DSP CUP, to differentiate batteries current state, when accumulator battery voltage is pressed lower than overdischarge, judge whether the photovoltaic array voltage of the first charhing unit is greater than starting resistor point, if, main power scr then to the first charhing unit sends triggering and conducting pulse signal, open the first charhing unit to battery charging, detect battery charging electric current simultaneously, if charging current is less than minimum restriction current value, then send triggering and conducting pulse signal to the main power scr of second unit again, make second unit and first module simultaneously to battery charging, by that analogy, increase by road and open charhing unit, until charging current rises to irreducible minimum definite value, accumulator battery voltage progressively rises, when batteries terminal voltage rises to overdischarge pressure point, Zai Zhu opens on road all residue charhing units, the peak power that system can provide with photovoltaic battery array is to battery charging, after this, when batteries terminal voltage rises to set float charge voltage value, DSP CUP sends triggering and conducting signal to the power switch of the auxiliary breaking circuit of charhing unit successively, the charhing unit receiving triggering signal assists breaking circuit to be opened, then main power scr is because naturally turning off by back-pressure, this charhing unit stops to battery charging, battery charging electric current reduces gradually, until actual charge current is within setting range, after sending conducting triggering signal to the power switch of the auxiliary breaking circuit of charhing unit, monitor this unit charging current, if electric current drops to zero, power switch then to the auxiliary breaking circuit of this unit sends shutoff triggering signal, corresponding auxiliary breaking circuit is closed, stored by the electric capacity of this auxiliary breaking circuit subsequently, energy is exhausted by bleeder resistance, last capacitance terminal voltage reduces to zero, by that analogy, last only surplus a certain or some charhing unit maintenance work is to maintain battery floating charge state
The invention has the advantages that:
1, by introducing the main power scr of half control device as master power switch pipe, and entirely control device only as the auxiliary device that turns off, and give up counnter attack diode, conduction loss reduces greatly, therefore, required radiator is little, system cost is reduced and device volume reduction.
2, the auxiliary shutoff branch road of small-power IGBT, electric capacity and resistance composition, makes charhing unit naturally to access and to cut out, system operation reliability is strengthened.
3, the present invention controls flexibly, to be easy to redundancy.Just can implement device capacity extensions by simply increasing parallel branch.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is general photovoltaic charged main circuit structure figure.
Fig. 2 is photovoltaic charging system structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the photovoltaic charged main circuit structure figure mono-of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the photovoltaic charged main circuit structure figure bis-of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In photovoltaic charging system, for ensureing battery security of operation and increasing storage battery service life as far as possible, must control charge controller according to battery characteristics, adopting different charging modes in different phase.For the lead-acid accumulator used a large amount of in photovoltaic generation energy-storage system, mainly two voltage nodes must be paid close attention to: one is overdischarge pressure point, and one is floating charging pressure point.Overdischarge electrical voltage point is due to battery deep discharge, causes batteries terminal voltage too low.When batteries terminal voltage is lower than when excessively putting point voltage, according to big current, batteries is charged, then very easily cause thermal runaway, be unfavorable for activating internal storage battery active material, thus affect battery self service life, thus must adopt trickle charge mode at this one-phase.And when voltage is between overdischarge pressure and float charge voltage, charging current can be charged under the current condition being no more than battery ability to accept, namely adopt large current charge.This pairs of maximum charging current values is relevant to accumulator capacity, is generally not more than 0.2C.When accumulator battery voltage reaches float charge voltage, need again to adopt trickle charge mode, to compensate because battery is due to self-discharge institute power consumption.
The high-power photovoltaic charging system structured flowchart that the present invention is based on main power scr blocking control is shown in Fig. 2, and this high-power photovoltaic charging system comprises charging main circuit, control circuit and batteries.
Described charging main circuit comprises the charhing unit of multiple parallel connection: unit 1 to unit n, the output of multiple charhing unit is all connected to batteries.The main circuit of unit 1 comprises photovoltaic array 1, electric capacity C
1, resistance R
1, power switch S
1and main power scr TR
1.Each charhing unit main circuit structure and unit 1 completely the same, be adapt to different batteries group power grade, only need to be realized by increase and decrease charged in parallel unit branch road.Described charging main circuit can have two kinds of selection modes, is the photovoltaic charged main circuit of common cathode as shown in Figure 3 and the extremely photovoltaic charged main circuit of common anode as shown in Figure 4 respectively.
Refer to shown in Fig. 3, for unit 1, the positive pole of photovoltaic array 1 is through main power scr TR
1be connected with the positive pole of batteries, negative pole is connected with batteries negative pole, forms the photovoltaic charged main circuit of common cathode.Simultaneously photovoltaic array 1 positive and negative end and connect an auxiliary breaking circuit.This auxiliary breaking circuit comprises electric capacity C
1, resistance R
1, power switch S
1, electric capacity C
1with resistance R
1the second end after parallel connection is connected to power switch S
1first end, electric capacity C
1with resistance R
1first end after parallel connection and power switch S
1the second end be connected to the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic array 1.
Refer to shown in Fig. 4, for unit 1, the positive pole of photovoltaic array 1 is directly connected with batteries positive pole, and negative pole is through main power scr TR
1be connected with the negative pole of batteries, form the extremely photovoltaic charged main circuit of common anode.Simultaneously photovoltaic array 1 positive and negative end and connect an auxiliary breaking circuit.This auxiliary breaking circuit comprises electric capacity C
1, resistance R
1, power switch S
1, electric capacity C
1with resistance R
1the second end after parallel connection is connected to power switch S
1first end, electric capacity C
1with resistance R
1first end after parallel connection and power switch S
1the second end be connected to the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic array 1.
In above-mentioned two kinds of photovoltaic charged main circuits, the power switch S in described each charhing unit
1,s
2 ... ..s
npower IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor can be adopted, insulated gate
bipolar transistor) entirely control power device or power MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, metal-oxide half field effect transistor) entirely control power device or power SCR(Silicon Controlled Rectifier, one-way SCR) main power scr.
Described control circuit comprises the voltage sensor be installed in parallel at batteries two ends, the current sensor, current sensor, the ADC sample circuit be connected on each charhing unit circuit that are connected on batteries and charge between main circuit circuit, DSP CUP.Or control circuit can also comprise a display screen.The data of each current sensor of ADC sampling circuit samples and voltage sensor, deliver to DSP CUP and process, and the output of DSP CUP controls the auxiliary breaking circuit of each charhing unit.
The basic functional principle of this high-power charging system is: carry out certainty annuity operational mode by detecting batteries terminal voltage in real time, when batteries terminal voltage is lower than overdischarge pressure point, by controlling work charhing unit number, guarantee that charging current is within limit value; When terminal voltage is between overdischarge pressure and float charge voltage, open all element circuits, with big current to battery charging; And when voltage reaches float charge voltage, close some charhing units, with small area analysis, floating charge is carried out to batteries.Specific works process is: detect batteries terminal voltage by ADC sample circuit, analog signal is converted to data signal and sends into DSP CUP, to differentiate batteries current state.If when accumulator battery voltage is pressed lower than overdischarge, judge whether the photovoltaic array voltage of the first charhing unit is greater than starting resistor point, if so, then to the main power scr TR of unit 1
1send triggering and conducting pulse signal T
tR1, open charhing unit 1 to battery charging, otherwise, judge the photovoltaic array magnitude of voltage of the second charhing unit, the like.Detect battery charging electric current by current sensor A simultaneously, if charging current is less than minimum restriction current value, then send triggering and conducting pulse signal T to the main power scr TR2 of unit 2 again
tR2, make unit 1 and unit 2 simultaneously to battery charging, by that analogy, increase by road and open charhing unit, until charging current rises to irreducible minimum definite value, accumulator battery voltage progressively rises.When batteries terminal voltage rises to overdischarge pressure point, Zai Zhu opens on road all residue charhing units, and the peak power that system can provide with photovoltaic battery array is to battery charging.After this, when batteries terminal voltage rises to set float charge voltage value, DSP CUP is successively to the power switch S of the auxiliary breaking circuit of charhing unit
k(k=n, n-1) sends triggering and conducting signal T
sk(k=n, n-1 ...), the charhing unit receiving triggering signal assists breaking circuit to be opened, its main power scr TR
k(k=n, n-1 ...) because naturally turning off by back-pressure, this charhing unit stops to battery charging, and battery charging electric current reduces gradually, until actual charge current is within setting range.To the power switch S of the auxiliary breaking circuit of charhing unit
k(k=n, n-1 ...) send conducting triggering signal after, detect the current sensor A on each charhing unit circuit
kif electric current drops to zero, then to the power switch S of the auxiliary breaking circuit of this unit
ksend shutoff triggering signal, corresponding auxiliary breaking circuit is closed.The electric capacity C of this branch road subsequently
kstored energy is by bleeder resistance R
kexhaust, last electric capacity C
kterminal voltage reduces to zero.By that analogy, finally only surplus a certain or some charhing unit maintenance work to maintain battery floating charge state.System is except carrying out charging and controlling, and master control DSP CUP also can by the duty residing for batteries, and institute's charhing unit number of opening and each charhing unit duty send into display screen display, so that staff fullys understand system running state.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the invention; not in order to limit the invention; the any amendment done within all spirit in the invention and principle, equivalently to replace and improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a high-power photovoltaic charging system, comprise charging main circuit, batteries and control circuit, the on all four charhing unit of structure that described charging main circuit comprises multiple parallel connection, the output of multiple charhing unit is all connected to batteries, it is characterized in that: each charhing unit comprises main power scr as master power switch and auxiliary breaking circuit, wherein main power scr is connected on the connection line of photovoltaic array and batteries, auxiliary breaking circuit is connected in parallel on the two ends of photovoltaic array, control circuit carrys out certainty annuity operational mode by detecting batteries terminal voltage in real time, when batteries terminal voltage is lower than overdischarge pressure point, by controlling work charhing unit number, guarantee that charging current is within limit value, when batteries terminal voltage is between overdischarge pressure and float charge voltage, open all element circuits, with big current to battery charging, and when batteries terminal voltage reaches float charge voltage, close some charhing units, with small area analysis, floating charge is carried out to batteries,
The positive pole of described photovoltaic array is connected with the positive pole of batteries through main power scr, and negative pole is connected with batteries negative pole, forms the photovoltaic charged main circuit of common cathode;
Or the positive pole of described photovoltaic array is directly connected with batteries positive pole, and negative pole is connected with the negative pole of batteries through main power scr, form the extremely photovoltaic charged main circuit of common anode;
The auxiliary breaking circuit of described each charhing unit comprises electric capacity, resistance, power switch, the second end after electric capacity and resistor coupled in parallel is connected to the first end of power switch, first end after electric capacity and resistor coupled in parallel and the second end of power switch are connected to the both positive and negative polarity of photovoltaic array, and the control end of power switch is connected to control circuit;
Described control circuit comprises the voltage sensor being connected in parallel on batteries two ends, be connected in parallel on the voltage sensor at each photovoltaic array two ends, be connected on the current sensor between batteries and charging main circuit circuit, be connected on the current sensor on each charhing unit circuit, ADC sample circuit, DSP CUP, control circuit detects batteries terminal voltage by ADC sample circuit, analog signal is converted to data signal and sends into DSP CUP, differentiate batteries current state, when batteries terminal voltage is pressed lower than overdischarge, judge whether the photovoltaic array voltage of the first charhing unit is greater than starting resistor point, if, main power scr then to the first charhing unit sends triggering and conducting pulse signal, open the first charhing unit to battery charging, otherwise, judge the photovoltaic array magnitude of voltage of the second charhing unit, the like, detect battery charging electric current by current sensor simultaneously, if charging current is less than minimum restriction current value, then send triggering and conducting pulse signal to the main power scr of second unit again, make second unit and first module simultaneously to battery charging, by that analogy, increase by road and open charhing unit, until charging current rises to minimum restriction current value, accumulator battery voltage progressively rises, when batteries terminal voltage rises to overdischarge pressure point, Zai Zhu opens on road all residue charhing units, the peak power that system can provide with photovoltaic battery array is to battery charging, after this, when batteries terminal voltage rises to set float charge voltage value, DSP CUP sends triggering and conducting signal to the power switch of the auxiliary breaking circuit of charhing unit successively, the charhing unit receiving triggering signal assists breaking circuit to be opened, then main power scr is because naturally turning off by back-pressure, this charhing unit stops to battery charging, battery charging electric current reduces gradually, until actual charge current is within setting range, after sending conducting triggering signal to the auxiliary breaking circuit of charhing unit, this unit charging current is monitored by the current sensor be connected on each charhing unit circuit, if electric current drops to zero, power switch then to the auxiliary breaking circuit of this unit sends shutoff triggering signal, corresponding auxiliary breaking circuit is closed, stored by the electric capacity of this auxiliary breaking circuit subsequently, energy is exhausted by bleeder resistance, last capacitance terminal voltage reduces to zero, by that analogy, last only surplus a certain or some charhing unit maintenance work is to maintain battery floating charge state.
2. high-power photovoltaic charging system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the power switch in described each charhing unit adopts below any one: power IGBT is entirely controlled power device, power MOSFET and entirely controlled power device, power SCR.
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| CN103972959B (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2016-03-30 | 厦门科华恒盛股份有限公司 | The photovoltaic charger of photovoltaic charger fault tolerant control method and application the method |
| CN104485712B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2017-02-22 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Charging method and electronic equipment |
| CN104882932B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-05-24 | 株洲变流技术国家工程研究中心有限公司 | High-voltage pulse capacitor constant current charging device and method |
| CN105406578B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-08-28 | 泗阳蓝阳托盘设备科技有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic charged circuit of series battery |
| CN106100030B (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2018-08-03 | 云南拓日科技有限公司 | Off-network type photovoltaic generating system charging management method |
| US10427537B2 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2019-10-01 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Vehicle power supply control |
| CN106505713B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2020-04-17 | 广州格绿朗遮阳篷科技有限公司 | Method and system for controlling power generation of multiple solar cell panels |
| CN108539789A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-09-14 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic generating system |
| CN109683535A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-26 | 湖北唐人科技有限公司 | A kind of anti-shading circuit of photovoltaic panel for transmission line of electricity monitoring |
| CN110701559B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2024-05-07 | 盐城师范学院 | Campus artistic solar LED landscape lamp |
| CN116131240B (en) * | 2023-04-20 | 2023-06-23 | 深圳市德兰明海新能源股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic weak current eliminating circuit and energy storage power supply |
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