CN103026640B - Hybrid cellular radio communications system and be used for keeping conforming processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of hybrid cellular radio communications system, including limiting by umbrella satellite community (136,138,140；436,438,440) base station (6,8,10,12) of the community, land covered.Described system includes holding consistency device (52；452), described holding consistency device (52；452) it is used for for good and all and on same link direction, keeps each satellite cell (136,138,140；436,438,440) coverage is relative to the concordance of the coverage of the community, described land (76,78,80,82) being associated with the described base station (6,8,10,12) being included in described satellite cell, when the set of predetermined coverage is entirely included in satellite coverage, satellite cell (136；436) coverage is consistent with the set of described predetermined land coverage.

Description

Hybrid cellular radio communications system and be used for keeping conforming processing method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of hybrid cellular radio communications system, this hybrid cellular radio communications system is by satellite group Part is integrated in high density terrestrial cellular network, and aims to provide broadband mobile radio communication services.

Background technology

Land mobile radio communication system, i.e. European system UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), its evolution HSPA (height Speed packet access) and U.S. system CDMA2000 and its develop already at run in and provide up to 1 mbit The so-called third generation or 3G broadband service.

For the standard of a new generation, the most such as LTE (Long Term Evolution 3GPP technology) and the WIMAX IEEE 802.16 (whole world Microwave access mutual operability) or the like so-called forth generation or 4G system researching and developing and providing clothes even more at a high speed Business.The deployment of these 4G systems has been planned and has been started in 2010.

All these third generation systems and fourth-generation system can include satellite-based space components extraly, should be based on The space components of satellite has been intended to and has covered the coverage (such as so-called umbrella satellite community) of the least community, land, non- The least community, land formation land assembly and being deployed in urban area, in these urban areas, its high field intensity level Ensure that good service, and for the least community, land, population density be enough to meet cost benefit, therefore owns These third generation systems and fourth-generation system are compatible with the radio propagation condition of urban environment difficult for satellite.

In order to increase the capacity of this hybrid telecommunication system, increase by being assigned to land by reducing land cell size The gain that frequency reuse in the land frequency band of assembly is provided.

Similarly, it is necessary to reduce the size of umbrella community, so that the granularity of umbrella set of cells adapts to be included in umbrella community The granularity of land set of cells, and increase the operating frequency reuse efficiency in the Landsat band distributing to satellite component.

The fact that do not consider, it may be assumed that land frequency distribution frequency band and satellite frequency distribution frequency band can be identical, Part is same or different, due to for community, land, and the location of the satellite beams at the initial point of umbrella community or shape The unstability of shape, causes will appear from interference between community, land and umbrella satellite community, wherein location or the unstability of shape There is a variety of causes such as such as gesture stability defect about the antenna sensitivity of variations in temperature or satellite platform.

Technical problem is that the interference reduced between community, land and umbrella satellite community, to increase the overall of hybrid telecommunication system Capacity.

Summary of the invention

For this purpose, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of hybrid cellular radio communications system, including:

The network of terrestrial base station, described terrestrial base station is interconnected and is linked to land infrastructure, each land Base station is suitable for sending on forward direction downlink in the frequency subband that is associated and/or receiving service in reverse up-link Radiocommunication signals, and each terrestrial base station defines terrestrial radio communication cell upwards by its a-n radio range a-n Coverage and/or downwards coverage,

At least one telecommunication satellite, it is linked to described land base via two-way junction link by least one access station Infrastructure, and be suitable to send on forward direction satellite downlink and/or receive in retrograde satellite up-link be distributed in nothing Service radio communication signal on line telecommunication satellite beams, each satellite beams in described satellite beams and frequency band phase Association and each satellite beams by its terrestrial radio scope define umbrella satellite community upwards satellite coverage and/ Satellite coverage downwards,

One group communication service terminal, it is suitable to launch and/or receive radiocommunication signals, and is distributed in described land On community and described satellite cell,

For to described base station or the device of described satellite beam assignment transfer resource, each in described transfer resource Being defined by frequency subband and/or time slot and/or code, wherein, described subband is relative to distributing to base station described in a group First frequency band and the second frequency band distributing to described satellite beams determine,

It is characterized in that,

Described base station distribution become according to time invariant distribution function can be distinguished by satellite cell, and

Described system includes holding consistency device, and described holding consistency device is used for for good and all and in same link The coverage keeping each satellite cell on direction is associated relative to the described base station being included in described satellite cell The concordance of coverage of community, described land, when the set of predetermined coverage is entirely included in satellite coverage Time, satellite cell (136；436) coverage is consistent with the set of described predetermined land coverage.

According to specific embodiment, it is one or more that hybrid system includes in following characteristics:

Same frequency band is shared by described base station and described satellite.

The corresponding described satellite beams of each satellite cell have characteristic aperture angle θ, described characteristic aperture angle θ be defined as from Wave beam relative to described satellite transmitting phase plane or receive phase plane azimuth direction set selected in minimum aperture Angle, footpath, and angle, the minimum-value aperture θ of the respective beam of each satellite cell is less than 0.5 degree of as angle value between mass dryness fraction, And described holding consistency device is suitable to make deviation delta θ of described satellite beams to be for good and all kept less than 0.05 degree.

The track of described satellite is included in following group: geostationary orbit (GEO), Xi Kemo, tundra or lightning class Highly elliptic orbit (HEO) and tilt geosynchronous orbit (IGSO).

Described holding consistency device includes the calibrating terminal being distributed on described satellite cell, and each calibrating terminal All include that satellite earth antenna, described satellite earth antenna have the most omnidirectional radiation diagram at solid angle, described vertical Body angle is defended corresponding to the set at the viewed elevation angle when through the set of described satellite coverage and described in depending on The classification of track that star is followed.

Each calibrating terminal includes wireless power measurement apparatus and retransmission unit, and described wireless power measurement apparatus is fitted In the power of the downlink radio signal specific to the calibration of radiocommunication signals or power is measured, described turn Transmitting apparatus by the measurement collected by described measurement apparatus and does not predefines feelings in the position of described calibrating terminal for forwarding The position of described calibrating terminal under condition, wherein, the resolution of power measurement less than 1dB and the precision measured less than 5dB.

Described holding consistency device includes:

Calibrating terminal, it is distributed on described satellite cell, and each calibrating terminal includes satellite transmitting antenna, described Satellite transmitting antenna has the most omnidirectional radiation diagram at solid angle, and described solid angle is corresponding to when covering through described satellite The set at the viewed elevation angle and depend on the classification of track that described satellite is followed, each calibration during the set of lid scope Terminal has for sending aerogram on the satellite uplink specific to calibration or the calibrated radio communication of power Number device,

And measurement apparatus, it is positioned on described satellite or access station, described measurement apparatus be suitable to measure corresponding reversely The calibrating wireless electric signal power of each calibrating terminal on satellite uplink, and retransmission unit, it is for forwarding by institute State the measurement collected by measurement apparatus and in the case of the position of described calibrating terminal is not predetermined described calibrating terminal Position, wherein, the precision that the resolution of power measurement is measured less than 1dB is less than 5dB.

The quantity of described calibrating terminal is more than or equal to 50.

Described calibrating terminal is disposed in multiple base station, and the position of the plurality of base station is exactly known.

Multiple calibrating terminals are disposed at femto relay station, and described femto relay station is intended to improve in building Ripple is propagated, and each relay station is provided with positioning unit, and described calibrating terminal is suitable to the location by being provided by described positioning unit Information sends its position.

Calibrating terminal is Mobile Communication Service terminal, and described Mobile Communication Service terminal includes that the constellation via satellite is from entirely The positioner selected in the set that global positioning receiver is formed, and carried by positioning information determined by the network of mobile land Fetching is put, and the location information that described calibrating terminal is suitable to by being provided by described positioner sends its position.

Described hybrid communication system includes that processing means, described processing means are suitable to receive and is associated with each calibrating terminal Power measurement information, and be suitable to determine offset correction angle or the satellite being common to beam set from intended terrestrial surface radiation figure The correction of beam shape, described processing means by the one or more communication links in following link be connected to described device or Described measurement apparatus: the link of the ground network of the Internet class, the link of cellular land network and satellite link.

The estimated accuracy of required correction depends on: the sum of the calibrating terminal in whole satellite beams and/or logical Cross the distribution of the described calibrating terminal of satellite beams, the radiation diagrams of the described antenna of described calibrating terminal and/or reception spoke Penetrate the certainty of measurement of the power-measuring device of figure.

Described processing means is suitable to the partial estimation by every wave beam, wherein, provides sufficient amount in each wave beam Calibrating terminal, or whole calibrating terminals are integrated in the tailored radiation figure incorporating some wave beams overall estimate to correct Satellite beams, estimates to be included in the group being made up of following methods: method of least square and method of correlation.

The another target of the present invention is to provide a kind of for the land cell coverage area in cellular radio And serve as holding concordance between the satellite coverage of the umbrella formed by least one satellite in above-mentioned hybrid telecommunication system Method, comprise the following steps:

It is the calibrating terminal of receiver by operation on forward direction downlink, or by being positioned at reverse up-link Measurement apparatus on satellite or access station measures the power of the calibrating wireless signal of telecommunication, and is re-directed to processing means,

The described processing means described base station from power measurement collected step and described satellite cell time Invariant distribution function is estimated to support that the gain/phase coefficient of the angle of deviation in structure or radiating element is wanted about satellite antenna The correction asked, when the coverage of each satellite cell comprises and is defined as being included in described satellite cell by described distribution function In the set of the coverage of community, described land that is associated of described base station time, then for each satellite cell, meet one The condition of cause property, and

The correct application estimated described in step is in the aligning gear of described satellite beams.

Accompanying drawing explanation

By reading only by example and the explanation of following example that provides referring to the drawings, it is better understood with this Bright, wherein:

-Fig. 1 is allowing at satellite beams for keeping consistent on the forward direction downlink of community, land according to the present invention The view of the hybrid telecommunication system of property,

-Fig. 2 is for calibrating forward direction satellite downlink and being arranged in the view of calibrating terminal of base station,

-Fig. 3 is for calibrating forward direction satellite downlink and being arranged in the view of calibrating terminal at FEMTO type station,

-Fig. 4 is for calibrating forward direction satellite downlink and being integrated in the calibrating terminal in Mobile Communication Service terminal View,

-Fig. 5 is allowing at satellite beams for keeping consistent in the reverse up-link of community, land according to the present invention The view of the hybrid telecommunication system of property,

-Fig. 6 is for calibrating retrograde satellite up-link and being arranged in the view of calibrating terminal of base station,

-Fig. 7 is for calibrating retrograde satellite up-link and being arranged in regarding of calibrating terminal at FEMTO type relay station Figure,

-Fig. 8 is for calibrating retrograde satellite up-link and being integrated in the calibrating terminal in Mobile Communication Service terminal View,

-Fig. 9 is for making the land cell coverage area of cellular radio and serving as at least one umbrella satellite Satellite coverage keep conforming method flow chart, and

-Figure 10 is the flow chart of the modification of the keeping method described in figure 3.

Detailed description of the invention

According to Fig. 1, hybrid telecommunication system 2 includes the network 4 serving as the terrestrial base station 6,8,10,12 of radio relay station (for purposes of clarity, four base stations are only shown), make base-station connected land infrastructure 14, one or several satellites (here, three satellites 16,18,20 form constellation 22 and serve as radio repeater station), and at least one access station 24, should The bilateral construction link that at least one access station 24 forms via reverse downlink 26 and forward direction up-link 28 by satellite 16, 18,20 it is linked to land infrastructure 14.

Hybrid telecommunication system 2 also includes that one group of 30 communication service being suitable to send and/or receive radiocommunication signals is whole End 32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48 (only being illustrated 9 by example), for transfer resource distributed to base station 6,8, 10,12, at least one satellite 16,18,20 and the device 50 of service terminal 32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46 and 48.

Hybrid telecommunication system 2 also includes coverage holding consistency device 52.

Each base station 6,8,10,12 is respectively adapted in each sub-band of the frequency that is associated, before different being associated Landwards send and/or at the different reverse terrestrial uplink 66,68,70,72 that is associated on downlink 56,58,60,62 Upper reception Information Mobile Service radiocommunication signals, described sub-band forms the first distribution frequency band of land frequency.

For each base station 6,8,10,12, before being associated landwards downlink 56,58,60,62 (for simplification Purpose, for each base station, be reduced to single link) and the reverse terrestrial uplink 66,68,70,72 that is associated lead to Cross its a-n radio range a-n and limit the respective coverage of the terrestrial radio communication cell 76,78,80,82 being associated with base station.

In this article, it is assumed that for given base station, the uplink coverage that is associated and the descending chain that is associated Both road coverages are identical.

According to Fig. 1, each service terminal in service terminal 32,34,38,42 be all located at by corresponding base station 6,8,10, 12 are carried out in the most different community, land 76,78,80,82 relayed.

Each service terminal in service terminal 32,34,38,42 is suitable for according to land pattern, in the nothing that they are affiliated In the range of line electricity on forward direction downlink 66,68,70,72 to base station 6,8,10,12 send radiocommunication signals and/or Radiocommunication signals is reversely received in up-link 56,58,60,62 from base station 6,8,10,12.

Land transmission mode is the most i.e. in the urban environment that radio propagation condition is difficult.But, it is positioned at land little Terminal in district still can be with satellite communication.

In this article, by example, communication service terminal 36,40,44,46 is positioned at outside the a-n radio range a-n of any base station (such as, due to the fact that caused, it may be assumed that communication service terminal 36,40,44,46 is positioned at desert or the geographic region almost without people In territory), then for cost-effective reason, in this region, do not adjust the deployment of terrestrial base station, wherein, satellite serves as and is positioned at institute State the communication relay station of service terminal in region.

Each communication service terminal in communication service terminal 36,40,44,46 can be according to satellite mode, independently Radiocommunication signals is sent and/or under the forward direction that is associated to satellite being associated in reverse up-link 86,88,90,92 From satellite reception radiocommunication signals on line link 96,98,100,102, wherein, this satellite is within view and for terminal There is the optimal elevation angle (in this article such as the satellite 18 of Fig. 1).

In this article, communication service terminal 48 is positioned at outside the scope of the base station being linked to land infrastructure, but position In being referred to as within the scope of the building relay station 104 of FEMTO type community 106 by the definition of its a-n radio range a-n.FEMTO type Community (also referred to as " Femto cell ") is usually corresponding to the most undersized community of home dwelling size, here it is prefix The reason of " femto ".It enables an operator to generally according to the individual facility being connected to the Internet via broadband cabled link, Provide a user with some extra coverages.Above-mentioned former for the terminal 36,40,44,46 operated in satellite mode Because of similar reason, building relay station 104 (in itself, outside any terrestrial base station scope) is suitable to independently exist Reversely send radio signal and/or from satellite reception radio on forward direction downlink 110 to satellite in up-link 108 Signal, wherein, this satellite is within view (in this article, for satellite 18).Therefore, communication service terminal 48 is suitable to via relay station 104 will send radio signal to satellite 18 and/or receive radio signal from satellite 18.

In this article, the Xi Kemo that the constellation 22 of satellite 16,18,20 is e.g. made up of three satellites 16,18,20 (Sycomores) constellation of type, these three satellite 16,18,20 continues and is the track of mutual phase shift, therefore defends for one It is positioned at the sight line of land coverage area star-wheel stream, at any point in this region, the minimum that can ensure at height Satellite is seen at the elevation angle.It is (such as, attached at+45 degree corresponding to Europe that this constellation is particularly suitable for being positioned at temperate regions latitude In the latitude in the near Northern Hemisphere) regional coverage range areas.Leading to about mobile in the 4th international conference of IEEE in 1988 Entitled " the A new concept write by D.Rouffet et al. in the 138-142 page of the satellite system of letter and navigation For land mobile satellite communications " article Zhong Miao Shuliao Xi Kemo type constellation.

Or, the track of satellite is included in following group: geostationary orbit (GEO), tundra (Toundra) or lightning (Molnya) highly elliptic orbit (HEO) of type and the geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) and more generally that tilts, may be used for Any track of satellite telecommunication system.

According to Fig. 1, the satellite 18 in the sight line of Mobile Communication Service terminal is included aerial array 120 and one or two Launching and/or reception antenna 122, wherein, aerial array 120 is connect by Mobile Communication Service terminal for sending and/or receiving The radio signal received and/or send, one or two is launched and/or reception antenna 122 is at reverse downlink 26 Will by aerial array 120 received signal be re-directed to access station 24 and in forward direction up-link 28 will by land basis Radio signal that is that facility 14 is sent and that go to service terminal is re-directed to service terminal.

For example, aerial array 120 is made up of transmitting antenna 124 and reception antenna 126, and it is relative for launching antenna 124 Have the active antenna of fixing radiation mode in the support structure launching antenna 124, reception antenna 126 is also relative to receiving sky The structure of line has the active antenna of fixing radiation mode.

Launch each antenna in antenna 124 or reception antenna 126 and include the different inclinations for antenna structure deviation Device 128,129, antenna structure deviation depends on the predetermined control being associated with each active antenna in active antenna 124,126 System.

Or, the pattern of active antenna can be by constituting gain and/or the phase of the radiating element of active antenna 124,126 The change moving coefficient is changed.

Or, it is provided that active transmitting antenna and the single support structure of Active Receiving Antenna, and shared by two antennas Single deviation mechanism.

Or, active transmitting antenna and Active Receiving Antenna 124,126 form the list with common dual-band radiating elements part Individual antenna.

Aerial array 120 in its emitting module is suitable to send wireless to service terminal on forward direction satellite downlink The signal of telecommunication, radio signal is distributed among radio communication satellite beams, wherein, for purposes of clarity, the most only shows Go out three satellite beams 130,132,134.

Each satellite beams 130,132,134 is associated with frequency subband and is limited by its terrestrial radio scope and defends The respective satellite coverage of starute community 136,138,140, as shown by the solid line.

For example, similar to satellite cell 140, other satellite cell 142,144,146 does not has service terminal, in order to Accompanying drawing is made to seem the most crowded.

According to Fig. 1, the instant view of the satellite beams coverage of the satellite 18 in its expression sight line, umbrella satellite community 136 cover the service terminal outside the community, land 76,78,80 and any base station range being associated respectively with base station 6,8,10 36。

Umbrella satellite community 138 covers the service terminal 40,44,46 outside community, land 82, any base station range and comprises The FEMTO type community 106 of relay station 104 and service terminal 48.

Land infrastructure 14 includes (such as internet-type) network backbone 148, by each base station 6,8,10,12 chain Receive the connecting link 150 of network backbone 148 and from inserting of satellite station 24 to the connecting link 152 of network backbone 148.

Transfer resource distributor 50 is connected to network backbone 148 and is suitable to via link (such as, satellite link or non- Satellite link, not shown in Fig. 1) transfer resource is distributed to each base station 6,8,10,12 or each satellite beams 130,132, 134。

Each transfer resource by distribute to base station 6,8,10,12 or the frequency subband of satellite beams 130,132,134 and/or Time slot and/or code limit, and subband is relative to distributing to the first frequency band of one group of base station 6,8,10,12 and distributing to satellite Second frequency band of wave beam 130,132,134 determines.

In this article, identical frequency band is shared by base station 6,8,10,12 and satellite 18.

Or, first frequency band distributed of land frequency and second frequency band distributed of satellite frequency be identical, Part is same or different.

Have been directed towards base station 6,8,10,12 to be distributed and determine the profile of satellite cell 136,138,140, in order to base station 6,8,10,12 can by satellite cell 136,138 according to time invariant distribution function make a distinction.

When the set of the predetermined coverage of community, land is entirely included in satellite coverage, then satellite cell Coverage is consistent with the set of the predetermined coverage of community, land, is i.e. being distributed in satellite according to predetermined distribution function The edge of the community, land on community is surrounded by the edge of corresponding satellite cell.

Holding consistency device 52 is adapted to be associated with the base station being included in satellite cell forward direction downlink The coverage of community, land keeps the coverage of each forward direction downlink satellite cell.

Holding consistency device 52 in forward direction service downlink includes being distributed on satellite cell 130,132,134 Calibrating terminal 162,164,166, for the measurement of calibrating terminal 162,164,166 is carried out the device 170 of reboot, for right The calibration measurement sent by calibrating terminal carries out processing to produce the device 172 of Corrective control, being connected to the remote of processing means 172 Process control satellite station 174 (to be formed for making Corrective control be re-directed to the device 174 of satellite 18), for correcting satellite 18 The mechanism 176 of transmission radiation mode (in this article, for the leaning device 128 of support of active transmitting antenna 124).

Calibrating terminal 162,164,166 can be categorized as the terminal of three types, it may be assumed that the terminal 162 of the first type is (every Individual terminal is all disposed within different base station), the terminal (being arranged at the relay station of FEMTO type community) of the second type and The terminal (being integrated in the service terminal operated under satellite mode) of three types.

In this article, the terminal 162 of the first type is arranged at each base station 6,8,10,12, is suitable in suitable biography Under the conditions of broadcasting, such as, it is being associated on forward direction satellite downlink 182,184,186,188 by associated base station 6,8,10,12 Receive calibration signal, and return measurement.

The terminal 164 of the second type is arranged at the relay station 104 of building 106, is suitable at forward direction downlink 190 Upper reception is from the calibration signal of satellite 18 and descending through retrograde satellite up-link 192 and retrograde satellite by satellite 18 Link 194 sends the result of measurement.

Different calibrating terminals 166 is integrated in each service terminal 36,40,44,46, under suitable propagation conditions, Be suitable at the reception calibration signal that is associated on forward direction satellite downlink 196,198,200,202, and by satellite 18 through relevant Connection retrograde satellite up-link 204,206,208,210 and retrograde satellite downlink 194 send the result of measurement.

Retrograde satellite up-link 192,204,206,208,210, satellite 18 and reversely downlink 194 be also suitably for it The position of calibrating terminal that is associated be directed to inserting of satellite station 24.

Each calibrating terminal 162,164,166 includes satellite earth antenna 212 and wireless power measurement apparatus.

Satellite earth antenna 212 be configured to the coverage set viewed elevation angle collection through satellite beams Close corresponding and depend on, at the solid angle of classification of track of satellite, there is the most omnidirectional radiation mode.

Such as, in this article, the reception antenna 212 of any calibrating terminal only has hemispherical omnidirectional mode.

Wireless power measurement apparatus is suitable to measure the calibration specific to forward direction satellite downlink radiocommunication signals Or the forward direction satellite downlink radio signal of power power (wherein, the resolution of power measurement be less than 1dB, measure essence Degree is less than 5dB), and retransmission unit is for forwarding by the measurement collected by measurement apparatus and in the position of calibrating terminal the most in advance Calibrating terminal position in the case of determining..

For to measure carry out the device 170 of reboot include satellite link 192,194,198,204,208,210, connect Stand 24, network backbone 148, connecting link 150,152 and processing unit 172 is connected to the link 213 of network backbone 148.

Processing means 172 is suitable to receive via reboot device 170 be associated with each calibrating terminal 162,164,166 Power measurement information, and be suitable to from intended ground receiver satellite radiation diagram determine by beam set share for partially The estimation angle of difference correction.

The estimated accuracy of required correction depend on the calibrating terminal 162 in whole satellite beams 130,132,134, 164, the sum and/or by the distribution of calibrating terminal of satellite beams, the certainty of measurement of power-measuring device, calibration eventually of 166 The transmitting of the antenna 212 of end and/or reception radiation diagram.

Processing means 172 is suitable to the local by every wave beam (providing sufficient amount of calibrating terminal in each wave beam) Estimate, or the overall estimation being integrated into by whole calibrating terminals in the tailored radiation figure incorporating some wave beams provides and is used for school The control of positive satellite beams, estimates to be included in the group being made up of following methods: method of least square and method of correlation, such as, and institute The bound method (MinMax method) of meaning or the pattern method of inversion (pattern inversion).

Or, processing means 172 is suitable for determining the correction of satellite beams shape.

Or, processing means 172 is loaded on satellite.

The quantity of calibrating terminal 162,164,166 is more than or equal to 50, so that statistics size be enough to adequately accurately estimate To be applied to the correction of transmitting antenna mode, to keep the concordance between satellite beams and community, land.

Preferably, the quantity of calibrating terminal is between 100 to 200.

The effect of statistics size allows to eliminate the needs using complicated calibration station, due to the reason (side of its antenna of antenna It is highly directive to figure), and owing to the expection of satellite beams orbit track must strictly be mated in its respective location The reason in cross point, this causes installation difficulty, such as by caused by landform or weather.

Processing means is suitable to produce control, and this control launches the in itself previously known of antenna 124 and aligning gear 128 for keeping Receptance function concordance.

Remote control station 174 is suitable to via remotely controlling up-link 220 by this control transmission to satellite 18.

In this article, the antenna 124 of launching of satellite 18 is configured such that the corresponding of each satellite beams 130,132,134 Wave beam has the characteristic aperture angle θ less than 0.15 degree.

Or, this feature angular aperture θ is less than 0.5 degree of as number of degrees between mass dryness fraction.

This feature angular aperture θ is defined as from wave beam relative to the side of transmitting phase plane launching antenna 124 of satellite 18 The angle, minimum-value aperture selected in the set in parallactic angle direction.

The different device forming holding consistency device 52 is arranged such that deviation delta θ of any satellite beams for good and all It is kept less than 0.012 degree.

Preferably, deviation delta θ of any satellite beams is permanently retained in below the value of 0.02 to 0.05 degree.

According to Fig. 2, the calibrating terminal 162 of the first type is arranged in by the base station specified by generalized reference 302.

Base station 302 includes radio communication antenna 304, and this radio communication antenna 304 is suitable to via two solid arrows Represented reverse terrestrial uplink 306 and front landwards downlink 308 send and receive radiocommunication signals.

The calibrating terminal 162 of the first type includes being suitable to via forward direction radio down chain 311 to receive radio Calibrate the satellite earth antenna 212 of signal, be connected to the wireless power measurement apparatus 312 of antenna and be suitable to via connection To the land link 316 of base station 302, the metrical information provided by measurement apparatus 312 is sent to the transmitting of processing means 172 Machine 314, and for calibration measurement being sent to the interface 318 of processing unit 152.

According to Fig. 3, the calibrating terminal 164 of the second type is arranged at the relay station 322 of so-called FEMTO community, institute The radio propagation of the building 324 outside base station range is intended to be conducive to be positioned in the FEMTO community of meaning.

Relay station 322 includes the outside being suitable to communicate with satellite 18 via up-link and downlink 326,328 Antenna 325, it is positioned at building 324 and is connected to the inside of exterior antenna 325 by transparent link 332 (can have amplification) Antenna 330.Inside antenna 330 is suitable to improve and the communication of the Mobile Communication Service terminal 334 being positioned at building 324.

Relay station 324 also includes positioning unit 336, such as GPS (global positioning system) type.

The calibrating terminal 164 of the second type includes being suitable to via radio link 340 to receive radio calibration signal Satellite earth antenna 338, be connected to via transmission-reception duplexer 344 satellite earth antenna 338 wireless power measure Device 342, be suitable to collect the radio field metrical information of calibrating terminal and location information and via duplexer 344, antenna 338 With the transmitter 346 that full detail is transmitted to satellite 18 by reverse radio signaling satellite uplink 348.

According to Fig. 4, the calibrating terminal 166 of the third type is Mobile Communication Service terminal 362, and this Mobile Communication Service is eventually End 362 includes satellite earth antenna 364 jointly, and this satellite earth antenna 364 is suitable to receive via radio down chain 366 Radio calibration signal.

Calibrating terminal 360 includes the wireless electric work being connected to satellite earth antenna 364 via transmission-reception duplexer 370 Rate measurement apparatus 368, positioner 372, and be suitable to collect the radio field metrical information of calibrating terminal and location information also And via duplexer 370, antenna 364 and backward signaling Radio Satellite up-link 376, full detail is forwarded to satellite 18 Transmitter 374.

Such as, positioner 372 is formed by positional information extraction element, and this positional information extraction element is processed single by land Unit uses the triangular methods of such as land network to determine.

In this article, for measure and for signaling calibration downlink 366, calibration up-link 376 (such as dotted line institute Show) it is different from by the non-serving uplink 380 shown in solid line and service downlink 382.

Or, positioner 372 is the global positioning receiver by satellite constellation (such as GPS).

Or, non-serving uplink 380 and corresponding to guiding the calibration uplink in path of the location information of calibrating terminal Road 376 is identical.Service downlink 382 and calibration downlink 382 are also identical.Wireless power measurement apparatus 368, send-receive duplexer 370, for calibration transmitter 374 be the assembly identical with the assembly for land link.

According to Fig. 5, for telecommunications service, the hybrid telecommunication system 2 described in hybrid telecommunication system 402 and Fig. 1 is phase With, do not exist together and be only that the conforming device of holding, be used for keeping conforming device to provide for the most up herein Concordance is kept between community, link satellite wave beam land corresponding with on equidirectional link.

Base station, satellite, from satellite to the access station of land infrastructure, communication service terminal, front landwards service descending Link, reverse land non-serving uplink, community, land, satellite antenna and for correcting the labelling of device and the figure of antenna deviation Labelling in 1 is identical.

According to Fig. 5, it is shown that the reversely satellite beams of up-link.

Aerial array 120 (that is, Active Receiving Antenna 126) in its receiving unit is suitable on forward direction satellite uplink Receiving radio signal from service terminal, radio signal is distributed on radio communication satellite beams, for purposes of clarity, Three satellite beams 430,432,434 are the most only shown.

Each satellite beams 430,432,434 is associated with frequency subband and is limited such as by its terrestrial radio scope Each satellite coverage of umbrella satellite community 436,438,440 shown in solid line.

By have the example without service terminal illustrated wherein illustrate other satellite cell 442,444,446 (with defend Star community 440 is similar), in order to do not make this figure crowded.

According to Fig. 5, it illustrates immediately the regarding of forward direction up-link satellite beams coverage of the satellite 18 in sight line Figure, umbrella satellite community 436 cover the community, land 76,78,80 being associated with base station 6,8,10 respectively and any base station range it Outer service terminal 36.

Umbrella satellite community 438 covers the service terminal 40,44,46 outside community, land 82, any base station range and comprises Relay station 104 and the FEMTO type community 106 of service terminal 48.

Device 50 for allocation of transmission resources is connected to network backbone 148, and is suitable to distribute to often transfer resource Individual base station 6,8,10,12 or each satellite beams 430,432,434.

Each transfer resource be by distribute to base station or the frequency subband of satellite beams 430,432,434 and/or time slot and/ Or code limits, subband is relative to distributing to the first frequency band of base station 6,8,10,12 set and distributing to satellite beams 430, second frequency band of 432,434 determines.

In this article, same frequency band is shared by base station 6,8,10,12 and satellite 18.

Or, land frequency first distribution frequency band and satellite frequency second distribution frequency band be identical, part is identical Or different.

Have been directed towards treating the profile that distributed base station 6,8,10,12 determines satellite cell 436,438,440, in order to base station 6, 8,10,12 can by up-link satellite cell according to time invariant distribution function make a distinction.

When the set of the predetermined coverage of community, land is entirely included in satellite coverage (that is, according to predetermined The edge of the community, land that distribution function is distributed on satellite cell is surrounded by the edge of corresponding satellite cell), then for Reversely for up-link, the predetermined coverage of the community, land of the coverage of satellite cell and equidirectional uplink Set is consistent.

The coverage of the community, land of the link that holding consistency device 452 is adapted on equidirectional keeps The coverage of each reverse up-link satellite cell, and be associated with the base station being included in described satellite cell.

Reversely the holding consistency device 452 in non-serving uplink includes being distributed on satellite cell 436,438,440 Calibrating terminal 562,564,566, received the measurement apparatus of radio signal from calibrating terminal 562,564,566 by satellite 18 568, and for the measurement provided by measurement apparatus 568 being re-directed to the device 570 of processing means 572, being used for measurement The calibration measurement that device 568 is provided carries out processing to produce the device 572 of Corrective control, is connected to the remote of processing means 572 Process control satellite station 174 (to be formed for making Corrective control be re-directed to the device of satellite 18), for correcting connecing of satellite 18 Receive the mechanism 576 receiving radiation diagram of antenna 126 (in this article, for the machine for making the support of Active Receiving Antenna 126 tilt Structure 129).

Calibrating terminal 562,564,566 can be categorized as the terminal of three types, it may be assumed that the terminal 562 of the first type is (every Individual terminal is all disposed within different base station), the terminal (being arranged at the relay station of FEMTO type community) of the second type, and The terminal (being integrated in the service terminal operated under satellite mode) of the third type.

In this article, the terminal 562 of the first type is arranged at each base station 6,8,10,12, is suitable in suitable biography Under the conditions of broadcasting, transmit power calibrated calibration signal, and wherein, in the calibration signal of calibration power base station 6,8,10, The identifier of 12 is encoded, by this identifier, transmitter terminals 562 and the retrograde satellite up-link 582 of being associated, 584, 586,588 it is associated).

The terminal 564 of the second type is arranged at the relay station 104 of building 106, is suitable in reverse up-link 590 Upper high-ranking officers' calibration signal is sent to satellite 18, and calibration signal is for by satellite 18 via retrograde satellite downlink 592 pellucidly It is re-directed to access station 24.

The terminal 564 of the second type is also suitably for the signaling up-link 594 via satellite 18 and signaling downlink 595 Terminal positioning signal is sent to access station 24.

Different calibrating terminals 566 is integrated into each service terminal 36,40,44,46, under suitable propagation conditions, suitable In at the transmission calibration signal that is associated in retrograde satellite up-link 596,598,600,602, calibration signal is used for passing through satellite 18 are re-directed to access station 24 pellucidly via retrograde satellite downlink 592, and the transmitter terminals 566 being associated is each Tagging symbol is encoded wherein.

The each calibrating terminal 566 being associated with service terminal 36,40,44,46 respectively is suitable to also phase via satellite 18 Terminal positioning signal is sent to access station 24 by association signaling up-link 604,606,608,610 and signaling downlink 595.

Each calibrating terminal 562,564,566 include satellite transmitting antenna (in this article assume with Fig. 1 described in calibration The reception antenna 212 of terminal is identical), and for generating the device (it is exactly known that it launches power) of radio signal.

Similar to the reception antenna of Fig. 1, launch antenna 212 and be configured to that at solid angle there is the most omnidirectional radiation Figure, this solid angle is corresponding to the set at the viewed elevation angle when through the set of satellite beams coverage and depends on The classification of track that satellite is followed.

Such as, in this article, the transmitting antenna 212 of any calibrating terminal only has the omnidirectional pattern of hemisphere.

The measurement apparatus 568 of calibration signal is then arranged in access station 24, it is assumed that satellite uplink 582,584,586, 588,590,596,598,600,602 and the damping characteristic of downlink 592, and carry out operating as transparent relay stations The gain characteristic of satellite 18 is exactly known.

Measure reboot device 570 and include docking station 24, network backbone 148 and connecting link 152,154.

Or, measurement apparatus 568 is arranged on satellite 18, and reboot device the most also includes satellite downlink 592.

Processing means 572 be suitable to via reboot device 570 receive with satellite 18 at each calibrating terminal 562,564, 566 power measurement information being associated, and come according to observation on the ground and desired extended receiver satellite radiation diagram Determine the offset correction angle being common to beam set.

Or, processing means 572 is adapted to determine that the correction of satellite beams shape.

Or, processing means 572 is on satellite.

The quantity of calibrating terminal 562,564,566 is more than or equal to 50 so that statistics size be enough to the most accurately estimate To be applied to the correction of receiving antenna mode, to protect between the community, land of up-link satellite beams and terrestrial uplink Hold concordance.

Preferably, the quantity of correction terminal is between 100 to 200.

The effect of statistics size allows to eliminate the needs using complicated calibration station, due to the reason (side of its antenna of antenna It is highly directive to figure), and owing to the expection of satellite beams orbit track must strictly be mated in its respective location Cross point reason, this causes installation difficulty, such as by caused by landform or weather.

Processing means 572 is suitable to produce holding consistency control according in itself previously known aligning gear receptance function.

Remote control station 174 (similar to the remote control station of Fig. 1) is suitable to via remotely control up-link 220 should Control to be sent to satellite 18.

In this article, the reception antenna 126 of satellite is configured so that the respective beam of each satellite cell has and is less than The characteristic aperture angle θ of 0.15 degree.

Or, characteristic aperture angle θ is the as number of degrees between mass dryness fraction less than 0.5 degree.

Characteristic angle θ is defined as from wave beam relative to the azimuth side of the reception phase plane of the reception antenna 126 of satellite 18 The angle, minimum-value aperture obtained to set.

The different device forming holding consistency device 452 is arranged such that the deviation permanent retention of any satellite beams For the angular difference Δ θ less than 0.012 degree.

Preferably, deviation delta θ of any satellite beams remains for good and all less than the value between 0.02 to 0.05 degree.

According to Fig. 6, the calibrating terminal 562 of the first type be arranged in Fig. 2 described in identical base station 302, base station Place.

Similar to Fig. 2, base station 302 has radio communication antenna 304, and this radio communication antenna 304 is suitable to via two Reverse terrestrial uplink 306 and front landwards downlink 308 that individual solid arrow represents and send and receive radio and lead to Letter signal.

The calibrating terminal 562 of the first type includes being suitable to send radio calibration signal via radio link 710 Satellite transmitting antenna 310 (identical with Fig. 2 reception antenna), for generate its power exactly known calibration signal device 712, For the manipulator 714 that the identifier of the base station 302 arranged at calibrating terminal is encoded.

According to Fig. 7, the calibrating terminal 564 of the second type relay station that be arranged in so-called FEMTO community similar to Fig. 3 At 322, to improve the propagation of the radio wave in the building 324 outside base station range.

Relay station 322 include with Fig. 3 described in the identical assembly 325,330,332,336 of assembly and identical uplink Road and downlink 326,328.

The calibrating terminal 564 of the second type includes be suitable to via radio link 720 identical with the reception antenna of Fig. 3 Send the satellite transmitting antenna 338 of radio calibration signal, for generating the device of the exactly known calibration signal of its power 722, it is connected to positioner 336 as the first input and is connected to the output duplex of generating means 722 as the second input Device/manipulator 724, this output duplexer/manipulator 724 is suitable to (be different from the feature carrier wave of signaling up-link 726 and school The carrier wave that calibration signal is associated) on location information be modulated and for calibration signal and modulated framing signal enter Line frequency duplex.

According to Fig. 8, the calibrating terminal 566 of the third type is Mobile Communication Service terminal 362, and this Mobile Communication Service is eventually End 362 has satellite transmitting antenna 364 (identical with Fig. 4 reception antenna) jointly, and is suitable to via radio uplink 730 Send radio calibration signal.

The calibrating terminal 566 of the third type also includes: for generating the device of the exactly known calibration signal of its power 732, it is connected to positioner 336 (identical with the positioner of Fig. 4) as the first input and is connected to as the second input Output duplexer/the manipulator 734 of generating means 732, this output duplexer/manipulator 734 is suitable to modulate signaling up-link Location information on the feature carrier wave of 736 (being different from and calibrate the carrier wave of signal correction connection) and for calibrate signal and Brewed framing signal carries out frequency-duplex.

In fig. 8, calibration shown in broken lines and signaling up-link 730,736 are different from each other and be different from solid line The non-serving uplink 380 illustrated.

Or, calibration and signaling up-link 730,736 are such as by carrying out the location information on carrier wave calibration signal Modulation is shared.

Or, calibration and signaling up-link 730,736 and non-serving uplink 380 are by using signal or one part Make calibration signal and service signal is shared as signaling-information.

The generating means 732 of calibration signal can be carried out the conventional equipment for there is power control function.

According to Fig. 9, land cell coverage area on cellular radio equidirectional link and corresponding to land Ground cellular link equidirectional uplink and serve as umbrella community satellite cell coverage between consistency keeping method 700 as performed and including series of steps 702,704,706 in the hybrid telecommunication system described in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5.

In first step 702, the power of the calibrating wireless signal of telecommunication is operated to receiver by forward direction downlink Calibrating terminal, or by being positioned on satellite 18 or measurement apparatus on the access station 24 of reverse up-link is measured.

The calibrating wireless signal of telecommunication is by the satellite on forward direction downlink or by operating in reverse up-link The calibrating terminal of transmitter sends.

Then, during same steps 702, measure and be re-directed to processing means 172,572.

In next step 704, processing means 172,571 estimate the angle of deviation according to the overall antenna structure of antenna or Gain/the phase coefficient of radiating element and the correction that requires, to guarantee the concordance of each satellite beams.

In step 704, hold by whole calibrating terminals being integrated in the tailored radiation figure incorporating some wave beams Row is overall to be estimated.

Complete to estimate according to the method selected from method of least square and method of correlation.

The estimated accuracy of required correction depends on that the calibrating terminal in whole satellite beams is total and/or each defends The calibrating terminal distribution of star wave beam, the certainty of measurement of power-measuring device, the transmitting of calibrating terminal antenna and/or reception radiation Figure, and also depend on the consistency level between desired satellite beams and desired pointing stability.

In step 706, the estimated correction in step 704 is applied to the aligning gear 128,129 of satellite beams.

Series of steps 722,724,726,728 is included according to the modification of method described in Figure 10, Fig. 9.

First step 722 is similar to step 702, but is at difference: provided in each satellite beams enough The calibrating terminal of quantity, to perform process to each wave beam.

In step 724, according to wave beam, measurement data is classified.

In same step 724, for each wave beam, processing means is estimated and the overall antenna structure according to antenna or sky The correction that the angle of deviation of the partial structurtes of line or the wave beam required by gain/phase coefficient of radiating element are associated, to guarantee For the concordance analyzing wave beam.

Then, in next step 726, processing unit by step 724 for each wave beam estimation correct synthesize The correction of conforming preferably overall compromise is given for beam set.

In step 728, the correct application synthesized in step 726 is to the aligning gear 128,129 of satellite beams.

This makes concordance be maintained between the community, land of satellite beams and equidirectional uplink.

Foregoing invention for hybrid system can also be used for non-mixed satellite system, i.e. has multiple service terminal and satellite Community but not there is the single satellite system of land subzone network.

Non-mixed radio communication satellite system includes at least one telecommunication satellite, and this at least one telecommunication satellite is via double To junction link by least one access station be connected to land infrastructure and be suitable on forward direction satellite downlink send And/or in retrograde satellite up-link, receive the service radio communication signal being distributed on radio communication satellite beams, Wherein, each satellite beams is associated with frequency subband, and each satellite beams is defined satellite by its terrestrial radio scope The satellite coverage of community.

Non-mixed radio communication satellite system also includes being suitable to send and/or receive radiocommunication signals and be distributed A group communication service terminal on satellite cell, for transfer resource being distributed to the device of satellite beams, each resource by Frequency subband and/or time slot and/or code limit, and subband is to determine relative to the frequency band being assigned to satellite beams.

Non-mixed radio communication satellite system also includes keeping each satellite cell coverage relative for for good and all In the conforming device for the desired smallest coverage standard (template) that is associated in satellite cell.

In non-mixed satellite system, cover when the desired smallest coverage standard that is associated is entirely included in satellite Time in scope, the coverage of satellite cell is consistent relative to the desired smallest coverage standard that is associated.

According to special pattern, the corresponding satellite beams of each satellite cell has characteristic aperture angle θ, characteristic aperture angle θ quilt It is defined as from satellite beams relative to selection the set of the transmitting phase plane of satellite or the azimuth direction receiving phase plane Angle, minimum-value aperture.

Angle, the minimum-value aperture θ of the respective beam of each satellite cell is as angle value between mass dryness fraction less than 0.5 degree, and Holding consistency device is suitable to deviation delta θ of satellite beams is for good and all kept less than 0.05 degree.

The satellite orbit of non-mixed system is identical with the satellite orbit for hybrid system.

Similar to hybrid system, holding consistency device includes the calibrating terminal being distributed on satellite cell, and each Calibrating terminal all includes satellite earth antenna, and satellite earth antenna has the most omnidirectional radiation diagram at solid angle, and this stands Body angle is corresponding to the set at the viewed elevation angle when through the set of satellite coverage and depends on what satellite was followed Classification of track.

Each calibrating terminal includes that wireless power measurement apparatus and retransmission unit, wireless power measurement apparatus are suitable to spy Measure due to the power of the calibration of radiocommunication signals or the downlink radio signal of power that (wherein, power is surveyed Amount resolution is less than 1dB, and the precision measured is less than 5dB), retransmission unit is for forwarding by the measurement collected by measurement apparatus With calibrating terminal position in the case of not predetermined, the position at calibrating terminal.

Holding consistency device includes the calibrating terminal being distributed on satellite cell, and each calibrating terminal includes satellite Launching antenna, satellite transmitting antenna has the most omnidirectional radiation diagram at solid angle, and this solid angle is corresponding to when through defending The set at the viewed elevation angle and depend on the classification of track that satellite is followed, each calibration during the set of star coverage Terminal has for being sent in specific to calibrating or sending wireless on the upwards satellite link of the calibrated radio communication of power The device of the signal of telecommunication, and each calibration being suitable to measure on respective opposed satellite uplink being positioned on satellite or access station is eventually (wherein, the resolution of power measurement is little less than 1dB and the precision measured for the measurement apparatus of the calibrating wireless electric signal power of end In 5dB), and for forwarding by the measurement collected by measurement apparatus and the school in the case of calibrating terminal position is not predetermined The retransmission unit of quasi-terminal location.

In non-mixed system, the quantity of calibrating terminal is more than or equal to 50.

Calibrating terminal is arranged at multiple fixed communication service terminal, and the position of these fixed communication service terminals is definite Known.

Multiple calibrating terminals are arranged on the FEMTO type relay station that the ripple being intended to improve in building is propagated, Mei Gezhong Station of continuing is provided with positioning unit, and the location information that calibrating terminal is suitable to by being provided by positioning unit sends its position.

Calibrating terminal is Mobile Communication Service terminal, and Mobile Communication Service terminal includes via satellite constellation from global location The positioner selected in the set that receiver is formed, and positioned information retrieval dress by determined by the network of mobile land Putting, the location information that calibrating terminal is suitable to by being provided by positioner sends its position.

Non-mixed satellite communication system includes that processing means, processing means are suitable to what reception was associated with each calibrating terminal Power measurement information, and be suitable to determine offset correction angle or the satellite ripple being common to beam set from intended terrestrial surface radiation figure The correction of harness shape, processing means is connected to measurement apparatus by the one or more communication links in following link: the Internet The ground network link of class, terrestrial cellular network link and satellite link.

The estimated accuracy of required correction depends on the calibrating terminal sum in whole satellite beams and/or passes through satellite The distribution of the calibrating terminal of wave beam, the certainty of measurement of power-measuring device, the antenna of calibrating terminal are launched and/or receive radiation Figure.

The partial estimation that processing means is suitable to by every wave beam (wherein, provides sufficient amount of school in each wave beam Quasi-terminal), or whole calibrating terminals are integrated in the tailored radiation figure incorporating some wave beams overall estimate to correct to defend Star wave beam, estimates to be included in the group being made up of following methods: method of least square and method of correlation.

A kind of in satellite cell coverage and the phase formed by the satellite in above-mentioned non-mixed satellite telecommunication system Hope and keep conforming method between coverage, comprise the following steps:

It is the calibrating terminal of receiver by operation on forward direction downlink, or by being positioned at reverse up-link Measurement apparatus on satellite or access station measures the power of the calibrating wireless signal of telecommunication, and is re-directed to processing means,

Described processing means from power measurement collected measuring process, the location information of terminal and desired time not Become coverage to estimate required by the gain/phase coefficient about the angle of deviation in satellite antenna support structure or radiating element Correction, when the coverage of each satellite cell comprise desired be associated coverage time, then for each satellite cell, Meet conforming condition, and

The correct application estimated described in step is in the aligning gear of described satellite beams.

Claims (15)

1. a hybrid cellular radio communications system, including:

The network of terrestrial base station (6,8,10,12), described terrestrial base station (6,8,10,12) is interconnected and is linked to land Infrastructure (14), each terrestrial base station is suitable in the frequency subband that is associated in forward direction downlink (56,58,60,62) Upper transmission and/or at the upper service radio communication signal that receives of reverse up-link (66,68,70,72), and each land base Stand all by its a-n radio range a-n to define terrestrial radio communication cell (76,78,80,82) upwards coverage and/or to Lower coverage,

At least one telecommunication satellite (16,18,20), it passes through at least one access station via two-way junction link (26,28) (24) it is linked to described land infrastructure (14), and is suitable in forward direction satellite downlink (96,98,100,102,110) Upper transmission and/or be distributed in radio communication satellite beams in the upper reception of retrograde satellite up-link (86,88,90,92,100) (130、132、134；430,432,434) the service radio communication signal on, described satellite beams (130,132,134；430、 432,434) each satellite beams in is associated with frequency band and each satellite beams is come by its terrestrial radio scope Define satellite cell (136,138,140；436,438,440) upwards satellite coverage and/downward satellite coverage,

One group communication service terminal (32,34,36,38,40,42,44,46,48), it is suitable to launch and/or receive radio and leads to Letter signal, and be distributed in described terrestrial radio communication cell (76,78,80,82) and described satellite cell (136,138, 140；436,438,440) on,

For to described base station (6,8,10,12) or described satellite beams (130,132,134；430,432,434) distribution transmission The device (50) of resource, each in described transfer resource is defined by frequency subband and/or time slot and/or code, wherein, Described subband is relative to distributing to the first frequency band of base station described in a group (6,8,10,12) and distributing to described satellite beams (130、132、134；430,432,434) the second frequency band determines,

It is characterized in that,

Described base station (6,8,10,12) be scattered according to time invariant distribution function can be by satellite cell (136,138,140；436、 438,440) distinguish, and

Described system includes holding consistency device (52；452), described holding consistency device (52；452) for the most also And on same link direction, keep each satellite cell (136,138,140；436,438,440) coverage relative to Described terrestrial radio communication cell that the described base station (6,8,10,12) being included in described satellite cell is associated (76, 78,80,82) concordance of coverage, when the set of predetermined coverage is entirely included in satellite coverage, defends Star community (136；436) coverage is consistent with the set of described predetermined land coverage；

Described holding consistency device (52；452) including:

For setting up the device (162,164,166 of calibration measurement；562,564,566,568)；

For calibration measurement processes to produce the device (172 of Corrective control；572)；And

For correcting the mechanism (176 of the transmission radiation mode of at least one antenna of each telecommunication satellite (16,18,20)； 576)。

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by described base station (6,8,10, 12) and described satellite (18) share same frequency band.

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each satellite cell (136, 138、140；436,438,440) corresponding described satellite beams (130,132,134；430,432,434) there is characteristic aperture angle θ, described characteristic aperture angle θ are defined as from wave beam relative to the transmitting phase plane of described satellite or the azimuth side of reception phase plane To set selected in angle, minimum-value aperture, and angle, the minimum-value aperture θ of the respective beam of each satellite cell is less than 0.5 Degree, and described holding consistency device (52；452) be suitable to make deviation delta θ of described satellite beams for good and all be kept less than 0.05 degree.

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that described in defend The track of star (18) is included in following group: geostationary orbit (GEO), and the height of Xi Kemo, tundra or lightning class is oval Track (HEO) and inclination geosynchronous orbit (IGSO).

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that described one Cause property holding means (52) includes the calibrating terminal (162,164,166) being distributed on described satellite cell (136,138,140), And each calibrating terminal (162,164,166) includes that satellite earth antenna (212), described satellite earth antenna (212) exist Having the most omnidirectional radiation diagram at solid angle, described solid angle is corresponding to when the set through described satellite coverage Time the set at the viewed elevation angle and depend on the classification of track that described satellite (18) is followed.

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that each calibrating terminal (162, 164,166) wireless power measurement apparatus (312,342,368) and retransmission unit (318,346,370), described radio are included Power-measuring device (312,342,368) is suitable to specific to the calibration of radiocommunication signals or the downlink wireless of power The power of the signal of telecommunication (311,340,366) measures, and described retransmission unit (318,346,370) is for forwarding by described measurement Measurement collected by device (312,342,368) and described calibration in the case of the position of described calibrating terminal is not predetermined The position of terminal, wherein, the resolution of power measurement less than 1dB and the precision measured less than 5dB.

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, it is characterised in that described one Cause property holding means (452) including:

Calibrating terminal (562,564,566), it is distributed on described satellite cell (436,438,440), and each calibration is eventually End (562,564,566) includes that satellite transmitting antenna (310,338,364), described satellite transmitting antenna (310,338,364) exist Having the most omnidirectional radiation diagram at solid angle, described solid angle is corresponding to when through the set of described satellite coverage The set at the viewed elevation angle and depend on the classification of track that described satellite (18) is followed, each calibrating terminal (562, 564,566) have for specific to calibration or the calibrated radio communication of power satellite uplink (710,720, 730) the upper device (712,722,732) sending radio signal,

And measurement apparatus (568), it is positioned on described satellite (18) or access station (24), and described measurement apparatus (568) is suitable to Measure the calibrating wireless electric signal power of each calibrating terminal in corresponding retrograde satellite up-link, and retransmission unit, It is for forwarding by the measurement collected by described measurement apparatus and in the case of the position of described calibrating terminal is not predetermined The position of described calibrating terminal, wherein, the precision that the resolution of power measurement is measured less than 1dB is less than 5dB.

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described calibrating terminal (162, 164、166；562,564,566) quantity is more than or equal to 50.

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described calibrating terminal (162, 164、166；562,564,566) multiple base station (6,8,10,12) place, the position of the plurality of base station (6,8,10,12) it are disposed in It is exactly known for putting.

Hybrid cellular radio communications system the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that multiple calibrating terminals are by cloth Putting at femto relay station (104) place, the ripple that described femto relay station (104) is intended to improve in building (106) is propagated, often Individual relay station (104) is provided with positioning unit (336), and described calibrating terminal (564) is suitable to by by described positioning unit (336) The location information provided sends its position.

11. hybrid cellular radio communications systems according to claim 5, it is characterised in that calibrating terminal (664,566) Being Mobile Communication Service terminal, described Mobile Communication Service terminal includes that the constellation via satellite is from global positioning receiver institute group The positioner (326,372) selected in the set become, and position information extracting device determined by the network of mobile land, Described calibrating terminal is suitable to send its position by the location information provided by described positioner (326,372).

12. hybrid cellular radio communications systems according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described hybrid cellular is wireless Electrical communication system includes processing means (172；572), described processing means (172；572) be suitable to receive and each calibrating terminal phase The power measurement information of association, and be suitable to determine from intended terrestrial surface radiation figure be common to beam set offset correction angle or The correction of satellite beams shape, described processing means (172；572) by the one or more communication links in following link even Receive described measurement apparatus (312,342,368,568): the link of the ground network of the Internet class, the link of cellular land network And satellite link.

13. hybrid cellular radio communications systems according to claim 12, it is characterised in that estimating of required correction Meter precision depends on:

At whole satellite beams (130,132,134；430,432,434) calibrating terminal (162,164,166 in；562、564、 566) sum and/or the distribution by the described calibrating terminal of satellite beams, the described antenna (212) of described calibrating terminal The certainty of measurement of the power-measuring device of radiation diagrams and/or reception radiation diagram.

14. hybrid cellular radio communications systems according to claim 12, it is characterised in that described processing means (52； 452) be suitable to the partial estimation by every wave beam, wherein, each wave beam provide sufficient amount of calibrating terminal, or will be complete The overall estimation that portion's calibrating terminal is integrated in the tailored radiation figure incorporating some wave beams corrects satellite beams, estimates to include In the group being made up of following methods: method of least square and method of correlation.

15. 1 kinds for terrestrial radio communication cell coverage with serve as by according to any one of claim 1 to 14 The satellite cell coverage of the umbrella that at least one satellite (18) in described hybrid cellular radio communications system is formed it Between keep conforming processing method, comprise the following steps:

It is the calibrating terminal of receiver by operation on forward direction downlink, or by being positioned at the satellite of reverse up-link (18) measurement apparatus or on access station (24) measures the power of (702) the calibrating wireless signal of telecommunication, and is re-directed to process Device (172,572),

Described processing means (172,572) is from power measurement collected measuring process (702) and described satellite cell (136、138、140；436,438,440) the time invariant distribution function of the described base station (6,8,10,12) in estimates that (704) close The angle of deviation in satellite antenna support structure or the correction required by the gain/phase coefficient of radiating element, when each satellite The coverage of community comprises and is associated with the described base station being defined as being included in described satellite cell by described distribution function The set of coverage of described terrestrial radio communication cell time, then for each satellite cell, meet conforming bar Part；

The correct application (706) estimated described in step (704) is in the aligning gear (128,129) of described satellite beams.