CN1030250C - Technology of preparing caustic soda by method of ion exchange causticizing - Google Patents
Technology of preparing caustic soda by method of ion exchange causticizing Download PDFInfo
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- CN1030250C CN1030250C CN 91111326 CN91111326A CN1030250C CN 1030250 C CN1030250 C CN 1030250C CN 91111326 CN91111326 CN 91111326 CN 91111326 A CN91111326 A CN 91111326A CN 1030250 C CN1030250 C CN 1030250C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- ammonium
- solution
- caustic soda
- exchange
- add
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D1/00—Oxides or hydroxides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D1/04—Hydroxides
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for preparing sodium hydroxide NaOH. Ammonium bicarbonate NH4HCO3 and table salt NaCl are used as raw materials to carry out ammonium and sodium exchange by cation exchange resin, and then a solution of heavy alkali and ammonium chloride NH4Cl is generated. The NaHCO3 is causticized by excessive calcium oxide, and then the sodium hydroxide NaOH is prepared. Simultaneously, the industrial ammonium chloride and the light calcium carbonate can be prepared.
Description
The invention belongs to acid carbonate hydrogen manufacturing sodium oxide.
Application number is that China of 87100309 applies for a patent that to disclose a kind of be raw material with salt and bicarbonate of ammonia, and metathesis gets sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride, and available superfluous lime causticization sodium bicarbonate is made the method for caustic soda.Theoretical (the 20th page of the 2nd phase of " soda industry " nineteen ninety) and facts have proved, the bicarbonate of ammonia metathesis can not make two kinds of straight products simultaneously, promptly to make two kinds of straight products of ammonium chloride and sodium bicarbonate simultaneously, just must adopt two temperature of height, but the phasor of these two kinds of temperature, the variation of map-area limit positions is little, and the boundary line of high temperature and low temperature phase region still has staggered.This just makes produces two kinds of straight products simultaneously, and difficulty takes place.Therefore, the outstanding shortcoming for preparing caustic soda with this method is that its product caustic soda purity is difficult to guarantee.
According to the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of is raw material with bicarbonate of ammonia and salt, utilizes the ion-exchange causticizing process to prepare the novel process that caustic soda also can obtain industrial ammonium chloride and light calcium carbonate simultaneously.
This process using soft water is dissolved carbon ammonium (NH under 30 ℃ (normal pressures)
4HCO
3), make the carbon ammonium aqueous solution of 180 grams per liters, at 50 ℃ (normal pressures) dissolving salt (NaCl) down, make the salts solution of 200 grams per liters with soft water, under normal temperature, normal pressure, above-mentioned two kinds of solution are carried out ammonium (NH with Zeo-karb
+ 4) sodium (Na
+) exchange to such an extent that weight concentration is the heavy alkali (NaHCO of 9-11%
3) solution and weight in average concentration is about 10.87% ammonium chloride (NH
4Cl) solution, described ammonium (NH
+ 4) sodium (Na
+) exchange, respectively with ammonium bicarbonate solution with 2 centimeters/minute, salts solution passes through exchange column with the linear velocity of 1.8-1.9 centimeters/minute, be to add excessive 60% lime (CaO) in the heavy alkaline solution of 9-11% to add the lotusization still at twice in the above-mentioned weight concentration that obtains then, add for the first time excessive 10% amount, stir and add remaining amount after 1 hour, under normal pressure, be heated to 80 ℃ and stir that causticization finishes after 1 hour, through clarification, remove lime mud, evaporation can get the liquid caustic soda of different concns behind the removal of contamination, or further evaporation molten endure solid caustic soda.Ammonium chloride solution is drying to obtain industrial ammonium chloride through evaporation, crystallisation by cooling, separation, if to contain NaCl higher in the wet feed of centrifugation, also can be earlier through water washing, again through secondary centrifuging separate and dry and finished product.Lime mud after washing is sent into the carbonization jar, feeds CO
2Gas carries out the alkalescence of carbonization with the trace that neutralizes, and promptly gets light calcium carbonate through separation, drying, pulverizing again.The reaction mechanism of this technology is carried out in two steps for its reaction, is raw material with salt and carbon ammonium at first, utilizes Zeo-karb to carry out the exchange of ammonium sodium, generates heavy alkali (NaHHCO
2) and ammonium chloride (NH
4Cl) solution:
RNa+NH
4HCO
2RNH
4+NaHCO
2
RNH
4+NaCl RNa+NH
4Cl
To weigh alkaline solution and lime reaction then and generate caustic soda:
The technical process of this method as shown in Figure 1, under normal pressure and 30 ℃ of conditions with the ammonium washing lotion dissolved carbon ammonium (NH in soft water and the ammonium sodium exchange process
4HCO
3), be made into the ammonium fluid of 180 grams per liter weight concentrations, deposit ammonium fluid storage tank 1. under normal pressure, 50 ℃ of conditions, with the dissolving of the sodium washing lotion in soft water and ammonium sodium exchange process salt (NaCl), the NaCl solution that is made into weight concentration and is 200 grams per liters deposits salts solution storage tank 2 in.It is the heavy alkali (NaHCO of 9-11% that the exchange column 3 that above-mentioned ammonium bicarbonate solution and NaCl solution constitute via Zeo-karb can obtain concentration
3) liquid deposits heavy lye vat 4 in, mean concns is that 10.87% ammonium chloride solution deposits ammonium chloride liquid bath 5 in.Ammonium fluid is with 2 centimeters/minute in exchange process, salts solution passes through exchange column 3 with the linear velocity of 1.8-1.9 centimeters/minute, enter the causticization process then, with the heavy alkali lye input causticization still 12 in the heavy lye vat 4, the lime (CaO) that in still, adds excessive (60%) simultaneously, this process is carried out at twice, add for the first time excessive 10% lime, stir and add remaining amount after 1 hour, be heated to 80 ℃ and stir that causticization finishes after 1 hour, removing the lime mud weight concentrations through settling tank 13 is about 11% caustic soda (NaOH) clear liquid, this clear liquid is again through vaporizer 14,15 evaporations of high alkali liquid settling tank are clarified, and can process behind the removal of contamination to contain NaOH30%, the liquid caustic soda of different concns such as 42% and 45%.Also can with liquid caustic soda further evaporation molten endure solid caustic soda.Wash in the lime mud bucket 16 from settling tank 13, send into carbonization jar 17 then, feed atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO
2) carry out the alkalescence of carbonization with the trace that neutralizes, through whizzer 18, drying machine 19 and pulverizer 20 preparation light calcium carbonates, the ammonium chloride solution in the ammonium chloride liquid bath 5 gets industrial ammonium chloride through vaporizer 6, cooling crystallizer 7, whizzer 8, drying machine 9 again.If it is higher to contain NaCl from whizzer 8 isolating wet feeds, also can wash with water through washer 10 earlier, separating also through whizzer 11 again, drying device 9 gets industrial ammonium chloride.
Advantage of the present invention shows as: (one) is main raw material with the carbon ammonium, and the main products that the carbon ammonium is China spreads all over the small fertilizer plant, various places, the producer of seeking because of the high competitive power of cost is low to utilize existence conditions to produce other highly finished product is quite general, so raw material sources are extensive, and is cheap.(2) the present invention is the main technique means with ion-exchange-causticization, thereby equipment, technology and operation are greatly simplified, and energy consumption is relatively low and do not have and eat the chlorine problem, and equipment corrosion and environmental pollution are greatly improved.(3) except that obtaining caustic soda, also can obtain byproducts such as industrial ammonium chloride and light calcium carbonate, and can guarantee the purity of various products.
Fig. 1 is preparation process of caustic soda schema.
Claims (1)
1, a kind ofly prepares the novel process of caustic soda (NaOH), it is characterized by with soft water at 30 ℃ (normal pressures) dissolved carbon ammonium (NH down with the ion-exchange causticizing process
4HCO
3), make the carbon ammonium aqueous solution of 180 grams per liters, at 50 ℃ (normal pressures) dissolving salt (NaCl) down, make the salts solution of 200 grams per liters with soft water, with Zeo-karb above-mentioned two kinds of solution are carried out ammonium (NH at normal temperatures and pressures
+ 4) sodium (Na
+) exchange to such an extent that weight concentration is the heavy alkali (NaHCO of 9-11%
3) solution and 10.87% ammonium chloride (NH
4Cl) solution, the exchange of described ammonium sodium respectively with ammonium fluid with 2 centimeters/minute, salts solution passes through exchange column with the linear velocity of 1.8-1.9 centimeters/minute, be to add excessive 60% lime (CaO) in the heavy alkaline solution of 9-11% to add the lotusization still at twice in the above-mentioned weight concentration that obtains then, add for the first time excessive 10% amount, stir and add remaining amount after 1 hour, under normal pressure, be heated to 80 ℃ and stir that causticization finishes after 1 hour, through clarification, remove lime mud, evaporation can get the liquid caustic soda of different concns behind the removal of contamination, or further evaporation molten endure solid caustic soda.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111326 CN1030250C (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Technology of preparing caustic soda by method of ion exchange causticizing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111326 CN1030250C (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Technology of preparing caustic soda by method of ion exchange causticizing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1072906A CN1072906A (en) | 1993-06-09 |
| CN1030250C true CN1030250C (en) | 1995-11-15 |
Family
ID=4910569
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91111326 Expired - Fee Related CN1030250C (en) | 1991-12-03 | 1991-12-03 | Technology of preparing caustic soda by method of ion exchange causticizing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1030250C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2848712C (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2019-09-24 | Heritage Environmental Services, Llc | Stabilizing hazardous wastes using waste byproducts |
| WO2016131389A1 (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2016-08-25 | 秦才东 | Method and device for exchanging and concentrating ion in solution |
-
1991
- 1991-12-03 CN CN 91111326 patent/CN1030250C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1072906A (en) | 1993-06-09 |
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