CN103024939B - Farmland crop growth information networking acquisition system and building method thereof - Google Patents

Farmland crop growth information networking acquisition system and building method thereof Download PDF

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CN103024939B
CN103024939B CN201210554396.5A CN201210554396A CN103024939B CN 103024939 B CN103024939 B CN 103024939B CN 201210554396 A CN201210554396 A CN 201210554396A CN 103024939 B CN103024939 B CN 103024939B
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plant growth
unit
information
acquisition system
crop growth
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CN103024939A (en
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倪军
朱艳
曹卫星
姚霞
田永超
庞方荣
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Nanjing Agricultural University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The invention discloses a farmland crop growth information networking acquisition system. The farmland crop growth information networking acquisition system comprises N crop growth sensor nodes and an aggregation node, wherein a self-organizing wireless sensor network can be established between the N sensor nodes and the aggregation node through wireless channels; all the sensor nodes transmit the acquired crop growth information to the aggregation node through the self-organizing wireless sensor network; and the aggregation node is deployed in the center of the N sensor nodes, and is used for releasing wireless sensor network management tasks to all monitoring points through the self-organizing wireless sensor network, controlling the operating states of the crop growth sensor nodes, and coordinating all the sensor nodes to transmit and aggregate the acquired data. The invention also provides a building method for the farmland crop growth information networking acquisition system. According to the system and the method, the operating nodes are dynamically managed according to energy consumption models of the sensor nodes, and the crop growth information is acquired for a long time and at low-power consumption rate in farmland open environments.

Description

A kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system and construction method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of farmland wireless sensor network technology, relate in particular to field-crop growth information based on wireless sensor network for a long time, Real-time Collection technology on a large scale, belong to agriculture Internet of Things field.
Background technology
Crop accurately management is one of important content of accurate agricultural, can not only guarantee crop yield and quality, and can improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, minimizing groundwater pollution, thereby produces huge economy and ecological benefits.Accurate agricultural is the modern agricultural production administrative skill system based on information acquiring technology, information management and decision-making technic and variable operation technology.Its core is the in esse room and time otherness information of environmental factor (as soil texture, landform, plant nutrient, water content etc.) of obtaining the crop yield of community, farmland and affecting plant growth, the reason of analyzing influence cell production difference, take technical feasibility, effective regulation measure economically, treat with a certain discrimination, implement as required " the prescription agricultural " of location regulation and control.Therefore, crop accurately the implementation process of management comprise management and decision-making and the field variable operation of the obtaining of plant growth information, information.Wherein, obtaining of plant growth information is the accurately foundation of management of crop production.Yet the biggest obstacle that at present accurate agricultural is implemented, remains in agricultural land information high density, high-speed, high accuracy, low cost and obtains in the research of technology.Therefore how Real-time Obtaining plant growth information just becomes a key issue that first needs solution in the accurate management implementation process of crop.
For a long time, obtaining of plant growth information be take artificial field sampling, lab analysis as main, this traditional means of testing not only can destroy making deposits yields, affect plant growth, and need to expend a large amount of human and material resources at aspects such as sampling, mensuration, data analyses, poor in timeliness, is unfavorable for applying.Lossless detection method based on sensor technology has fast, facilitates, nondestructive advantage, and the accurately needed information of management of crop can be provided in time, becomes the study hotspot in current agriculture project.And at present, though the single-point sample mode based on sensor technology has the ability of meticulous detection agricultural land information, the shortcomings such as (non-online) that has that monitoring range is little, monitoring time is discontinuous, cannot for field crops accurately management real time information and decision-making foundation are provided; Although the cable network sample mode based on sensor technology possesses extensive monitoring capability, but need to lay in farmland a large amount of circuits, especially many and disperse in the situation that at sampled point, track laying cost will improve greatly, and be easily subject to the restriction of topography and geomorphology, thereby restricted the application of lossless detection method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for the problems referred to above, a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system and construction method thereof are provided.This system is with wireless sensor network form, realizes plant growth information under farm environment (nitrogen content, nitrogen accumulation, leaf area index, biomass etc.), for a long time, gather continuously on a large scale.
The present invention is in order to address the above problem by the following technical solutions:
A field-crop growth information networking acquisition system, comprises N plant growth sensing node, 1 aggregation node; Wherein, described N plant growth sensing node is deployed in farmland discretely by pre-defined rule, forms N monitoring point, and N is greater than 1 natural number; Between N plant growth sensing node and aggregation node, by wireless channel, set up ad-hoc wireless sensing network, each plant growth sensing node by described ad-hoc wireless sensing network by the plant growth communication gathering to aggregation node; Described aggregation node is deployed in the center of N plant growth sensing node, by described ad-hoc wireless sensing network, to each monitoring point, issue wireless sensor network management role, control the operating state of plant growth sensing node, coordinate the transmission of each monitoring point image data and converge.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system of the present invention, described plant growth sensing node comprises multispectral plant growth transducer, collector, solar panel, horizontal stand and support bar; Wherein, described plant growth transducer, solar panel are fixed on horizontal stand; Described horizontal stand, collector are fixed on support bar.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system of the present invention, described collector comprises signal processing unit, microprocessor unit, wireless communication unit, real-time clock unit, power subsystem, power control unit; Wherein, described solar panel connects power subsystem by shielded cable, and described power subsystem connects respectively power control unit, real-time clock unit, signal processing unit and wireless communication unit, and described power control unit connects microprocessor unit; Described plant growth transducer connects signal processing unit by shielded cable, and described signal processing unit is connected with microprocessor unit, wireless communication unit successively; Described microprocessor unit is connected with real-time clock unit, described real-time clock unit is connected with power control unit, when microprocessor unit successfully receives after the signal of plant growth transducer, by controlling the pulse signal of real-time clock unit, overturn to control the break-make of power control unit, thereby realize the dormancy of sensing node and wake up.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system of the present invention, described signal gathering node comprises controller, solar panel and support bar; Wherein, described solar panel connects controller by shielded type cable; Described solar panel, controller are fixed on support bar.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system of the present invention, described controller comprises wireless communication unit, microprocessor unit, memory cell, expansion mouth unit and the power subsystem for powering; Wherein said wireless communication unit connects microprocessor unit, memory cell successively; Described microprocessor unit connects expansion mouthful unit.
As the further prioritization scheme of a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system of the present invention, the frequency range of described wireless communication unit is ZigBee-780MHz.
The present invention also proposes a kind of construction method of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system, adopts following steps:
Step 1), according to the positional information of the soil nutrient information of farmland sampled point, plant growth information and sampled point, adopts PCA to simplify overlay information, extracts principal component;
Step 2) characteristic vector of principal component, calculation procedure 1), draws respectively the data model of principal component characteristic vector and soil nutrient information, plant growth information, calculating principal component scores;
Step 3), on Matlab platform to step 2) in principal component scores carry out fuzzy C-mean clustering analysis, calculate each sampled point in the degree of membership value of each subregion, under GIS environment, described degree of membership value is carried out to spline interpolation, obtain the fuzzy membership spatial distribution map of each subregion;
Step 4), under GIS environment, is converted to grating map by the fuzzy membership spatial distribution map in step 3), extracts the interior maximum degree of membership value of each grid in stacking chart's layer, according to the maximum principle of degree of membership, determines the subregion that each sampled point is subordinate to;
Step 5), determines step 4) the grid map of subregion is converted to VectorLayer, obtains the subregion situation in whole farmland;
Step 6), on each subregion of step 5), disposes a plant growth sensing node, and N subregion disposed N plant growth sensing node, builds the physical layer architecture of collection network;
Step 7), in the center of N plant growth sensing node of step 6) deployment, deployment signal aggregation node, the network layer structure of structure collection network;
Step 8), according to plant growth sensing node positional information, signal gathering node location information, routed path, build plant growth sensing node energy consumption model, according to transmission energy consumption minimum principle, screening operation sensing node, the transport layer based structures of structure collection network;
Step 9), sets up plant growth information Perception node according to plant growth information change feature and gathers forecast model;
Step 10), sensing node real-time data collection during according to work, integrating step 9) forecast model, the transport layer structure of structure collection network.
As the further prioritization scheme of construction method of a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system of the present invention, described soil nutrient information comprises the content of organic matter, available phosphorus contents, quick-acting potassium content, total nitrogen content, conductivity; Described plant growth information comprises nitrogen content, leaf area index.
The present invention adopts above technical scheme, compared with prior art has following technique effect:
1. a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system of the present invention, can be by several plant growth sensing nodes from forming wireless sensor network form, realizes under the open environment of farmland plant growth information, continuously, gather in real time on a large scale.
2. a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method of the present invention, can dispose plant growth sensing node according to agricultural land information space characteristics difference distribution situation, has realized plant growth information all standing monitoring under the open environment of farmland.
3. a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method of the present invention, can, according to the energy consumption model of sensing node management work node dynamically, realize plant growth Chief Information Officer time under the open environment of farmland, low-power consumption collection.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is field-crop growth information networking acquisition system structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is plant growth sensing node structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is signal gathering node structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is plant growth sensing node control strategy flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is plant growth signal gathering node control strategic process figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further details.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system, comprises several plant growth sensing nodes, 1 signal gathering node and sensing node software and aggregation node software.Plant growth sensing node is deployed in farmland discretely by certain rule, forms a monitoring point; Between each plant growth sensing node of plant growth sensing node software-driven, pass through wireless channel ad-hoc wireless sensing network, and gather, transmit plant growth information; Signal gathering node deployment is in plant growth sensing node center; Aggregation node software issue wireless sensor network management role, controls plant growth sensing node operating state, coordinates the transmission of each monitoring point image data and converges.
With reference to Fig. 2, plant growth sensing node comprises multispectral plant growth transducer, collector, solar panel, horizontal stand and support bar.Plant growth transducer connects collector; Solar panel connects collector; Plant growth transducer, solar panel are fixed on horizontal stand; Horizontal stand, collector are fixed on support bar.Collector comprises signal processing unit, microprocessor unit, wireless communication unit, real-time clock unit, power subsystem, power control unit.Signal processing unit is connected successively with microprocessor unit, wireless communication unit; Real-time clock unit front end connects microprocessor unit, and rear end connects power control unit; Power control unit connects microprocessor unit; Power subsystem connects respectively power control unit, signal processing unit and wireless communication unit, and wireless communication unit adopts ZigBee-780MHz frequency range.
With reference to Fig. 3, signal gathering node comprises controller, solar panel and support bar.Solar panel connects controller; Solar panel, controller are fixed on support bar.Controller comprises wireless communication unit, microprocessor unit, memory cell, expansion mouth unit, power subsystem.Wireless communication unit connects microprocessor unit, memory cell successively; Microprocessor unit connects expansion mouthful unit; Power subsystem is connected with above-mentioned each unit.
With reference to Fig. 4, sensing node software (control strategy) comprises 7 parts: microprocessor unit initialization; Sensing node adds network; Sensing node gathers Crop Information; Data are preserved; Packet Generation signal gathering node; Sensing node dormancy; Sensing node wakes up.
With reference to Fig. 5, aggregation node software (control strategy) comprises 5 parts: microprocessor unit initialization; Set up network; Permission sensing node networks; Sensing node dynamic power management; Receive data.
The present invention proposes a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method, adopts following steps:
Step 1), according to the positional information of the soil nutrient information of farmland sampled point (content of organic matter, available phosphorus contents, quick-acting potassium content, total nitrogen content, conductivity), plant growth information (nitrogen content, leaf area index) and sampled point, adopt PCA to simplify overlay information, extract principal component;
Step 2) characteristic vector of principal component, calculation procedure 1), draws respectively the data model of principal component characteristic vector and soil nutrient information, plant growth information, calculating principal component scores;
Step 3), on Matlab platform to step 2) in principal component scores carry out fuzzy C-mean clustering analysis, calculate each sampled point in the degree of membership value of each subregion, under GIS environment, degree of membership value is carried out to spline interpolation, obtain the fuzzy membership spatial distribution map of each subregion;
Step 4), under GIS environment, is converted to grating map by the fuzzy membership spatial distribution map in step 3), extracts the interior maximum degree of membership value of each grid in stacking chart's layer, according to the maximum principle of degree of membership, determines the subregion that each sampled point is subordinate to;
Step 5), determines step 4) the grid map of subregion is converted to VectorLayer, obtains the subregion situation in whole farmland;
Step 6), on each subregion of step 5), disposes a plant growth sensing node, and N subregion disposed N plant growth sensing node, builds collection network physical layer architecture;
Step 7), in the center of N plant growth sensing node of step 6) deployment, deployment signal aggregation node, builds collection network network layer structure;
Step 8), according to plant growth sensing node positional information, signal gathering node location information, routed path, build plant growth sensing node energy consumption model, according to transmission energy consumption minimum principle, screening operation sensing node, builds collection network transport layer based structures;
Step 9), sets up plant growth information Perception node according to plant growth information change feature and gathers forecast model;
Step 10), according to work sensing node real-time data collection, integrating step 9) forecast model, build collection network transport layer structure.

Claims (7)

1. a field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method, is characterized in that, adopts following steps:
Step 1), according to the positional information of the soil nutrient information of farmland sampled point, plant growth information and sampled point, adopts PCA to simplify overlay information, extracts principal component;
Step 2) characteristic vector of principal component, calculation procedure 1), draws respectively the data model of principal component characteristic vector and soil nutrient information, plant growth information, calculating principal component scores;
Step 3), on Matlab platform to step 2) in principal component scores carry out fuzzy C-mean clustering analysis, calculate each sampled point in the degree of membership value of each subregion, under GIS environment, described degree of membership value is carried out to spline interpolation, obtain the fuzzy membership spatial distribution map of each subregion;
Step 4), under GIS environment, is converted to grating map by the fuzzy membership spatial distribution map in step 3), extracts the interior maximum degree of membership value of each grid in stacking chart's layer, according to the maximum principle of degree of membership, determines the subregion that each sampled point is subordinate to;
Step 5), determines step 4) the grid map of subregion is converted to VectorLayer, obtains the subregion situation in whole farmland;
Step 6), on each subregion of step 5), disposes a plant growth sensing node, and N subregion disposed N plant growth sensing node, builds the physical layer architecture of collection network, and N is greater than 1 natural number;
Step 7), in the center of N plant growth sensing node of step 6) deployment, deployment signal aggregation node, the network layer structure of structure collection network;
Step 8), according to plant growth sensing node positional information, signal gathering node location information, routed path, build plant growth sensing node energy consumption model, according to transmission energy consumption minimum principle, screening operation sensing node, the transport layer based structures of structure collection network;
Step 9), sets up plant growth information Perception node according to plant growth information change feature and gathers forecast model;
Step 10), sensing node real-time data collection during according to work, integrating step 9) forecast model, the transport layer structure of structure collection network.
2. a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described soil nutrient information comprises the content of organic matter, available phosphorus contents, quick-acting potassium content, total nitrogen content, conductivity; Described plant growth information comprises nitrogen content, leaf area index.
3. a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described plant growth sensing node comprises multispectral plant growth transducer, collector, solar panel, horizontal stand and support bar; Wherein, described plant growth transducer, solar panel are fixed on horizontal stand; Described horizontal stand, collector are fixed on support bar.
4. a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described collector comprises signal processing unit, microprocessor unit, wireless communication unit, real-time clock unit, power subsystem, power control unit; Wherein, described solar panel connects power subsystem by shielded cable, and described power subsystem connects respectively power control unit, real-time clock unit, signal processing unit and wireless communication unit, and described power control unit connects microprocessor unit; Described plant growth transducer connects signal processing unit by shielded cable, and described signal processing unit is connected with microprocessor unit, wireless communication unit successively; Described microprocessor unit is connected with real-time clock unit, described real-time clock unit is connected with power control unit, when microprocessor unit successfully receives after the signal of plant growth transducer, by controlling the pulse signal of real-time clock unit, overturn to control the break-make of power control unit, thereby realize the dormancy of sensing node and wake up.
5. a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described signal gathering node comprises controller, solar panel and support bar; Wherein, described solar panel connects controller by shielded type cable; Described solar panel, controller are fixed on support bar.
6. a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described controller comprises wireless communication unit, microprocessor unit, memory cell, expansion mouth unit and the power subsystem for powering; Wherein said wireless communication unit connects microprocessor unit, memory cell successively; Described microprocessor unit connects expansion mouthful unit.
7. according to a kind of field-crop growth information networking acquisition system construction method described in claim 4 or 6, it is characterized in that, the frequency range of described wireless communication unit is ZigBee-780MHz.
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CN104486795B (en) * 2014-12-03 2017-10-27 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 The sampling task load balancing and fault-tolerance approach of wireless sensor network
CN104898608A (en) * 2015-04-10 2015-09-09 南京理工大学 Hadoop-based crop growth monitoring cloud platform and realization method thereof
CN107197030B (en) * 2017-06-19 2020-10-20 深圳市盛路物联通讯技术有限公司 Method and system for controlling working state of terminal equipment of Internet of things
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