CN103023548B - A kind of estimation of channel matrix information and the method and apparatus of feedback - Google Patents

A kind of estimation of channel matrix information and the method and apparatus of feedback Download PDF

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CN103023548B
CN103023548B CN201110298016.1A CN201110298016A CN103023548B CN 103023548 B CN103023548 B CN 103023548B CN 201110298016 A CN201110298016 A CN 201110298016A CN 103023548 B CN103023548 B CN 103023548B
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matrix
codebook
codebook matrix
receiving terminal
channel matrix
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CN103023548A (en
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肖华华
宁迪浩
朱登魁
鲁照华
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of estimation of channel matrix information and the method and apparatus of feedback, this method includes:Receiving terminal is filtered processing to the channel matrix of estimation and obtains equivalent channel matrix;The codebook matrix that receiving terminal selects according to equivalent channel matrix from receiving terminal codebook matrix set and the left singular vector matrix of equivalent channel matrix matches;Receiving terminal obtains its corresponding codebook matrix according to codebook matrix and indexed, then codebook matrix index is sent to transmitting terminal.The present invention is realized to the quantization of left singular vector matrix and feedback in channel matrix by the codebook matrix for selecting the left singular vector matrix with equivalent channel matrix to match.

Description

A kind of estimation of channel matrix information and the method and apparatus of feedback
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of MIMO in the communications field, (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, multi input are more Output) estimation of channel matrix, the estimation of more particularly to a kind of channel matrix information and the method and apparatus of feedback in system.
Background technology
MIMO is one of key technology of the third generation mobile communication system.Mimo system uses in transmitting terminal and receiving terminal More antenna elements, with advanced antenna transmission and signal processing technology, using the multipath transmisstion of wireless channel, because snobbish Lead, development space resource, establish spatial parallelism transmission channel, in the case where not increasing bandwidth and transmission power, exponentially carry The quality and message transmission rate of high radio communication.
In mimo systems, they are write as matrix by every transmission antenna to there is a channel between every reception antenna Form, just it is channel matrix.Such as a NTxRoot transmission antenna, NRxThe mimo system of root reception antenna, its channel square Battle array is a NRx×NTxComplex matrix H.Wherein, the element h in HI, jRepresent jth root transmission antenna to the i-th piece-root grafting sending and receiving day Channel coefficients between line, i=1 ... NRx, j=1 ... NTx.Here transmission antenna can be located at different transmitting terminals, reception antenna Different receiving terminals can be located at.Different with receiving terminal number according to the transmitting terminal for forming MIMO, mimo system has different points Class, it is respectively:SU-MIMO (Single-User MIMO, Single User MIMO), it is by a transmitting terminal and a receiving terminal structure Into;Mu-MIMO (Mulitple-User MIMO, multiuser MIMO), it is made up of a transmitting terminal and multiple receiving terminals;COMP (Cooperative Multi-Point Transmission, coordinated multipoint transmission), it is by multiple transmitting terminals and one or more Individual receiving terminal is formed.
Channel matrix H carries out SVD decomposition, i.e. H=U Λ VH, wherein, U is NRx×NRxUnitary matrice, be H left unusual arrow Moment matrix, V are NTx×NTxUnitary matrice, be H right singular vector matrix, Λ NRx×NTxDiagonal matrix, on its diagonal Element be H singular value, the conjugate transposition of subscript H representing matrixs.In communication process, if transmitting terminal knows channel matrix Right singular vector matrix or its quantized value, it is possible to using it to send signal pre-process, signal beam is referred to To " direction " received most beneficial for user, so as to reduce the interference between data flow, the received signal to noise ratio of user is improved.At present should It is the feedback method based on code book with relatively more technologies.This method is quantified channel space right singular vector matrix, shape Into a codebook set.User is selected corresponding to a code book most matched with current channel matrix according to channel matrix information Index, i.e. PMI (Precoding Matrix Index, pre-coding matrix index), and the PMI is fed back into transmitting terminal.Send According to the PMI of this feedback corresponding code book is found in codebook set signal is pre-processed in end.After finally pre-processing Signal be sent to receiving terminal.This pretreatment has bigger gain for SU-MIMO.But for MU-MIMO or COMP For, pre-processed according only to code book corresponding to the PMI of each receiving terminal feedback to sending signal, gain and unobvious.But If receiving terminal is capable of the left singular vector matrix or its quantized value of feedback channel matrixes, and suitably utilizes this left unusual arrow Moment matrix, its performance will be lifted further.Such as can be according to the left singular vector matrix of channel, right singular vector matrix, strange Different value reconstruct channel matrix is in itself, it is well known that transmitting terminal knows channel matrix, can greatly promote MU-MIMO or COMP Performance.
However, prior art is all that the right singular vector matrix of channel matrix is estimated and fed back, lack to left strange The correlation technique that different vector matrix is quantified and fed back.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of estimation of channel matrix information and the method and apparatus of feedback, for solving The problem of to the quantization of left singular vector matrix in channel matrix and feedback.
According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of method of the estimation and feedback of channel matrix information, including with Lower step:
Receiving terminal is filtered processing to the channel matrix of estimation and obtains equivalent channel matrix;
Receiving terminal is selected with a left side for equivalent channel matrix very according to equivalent channel matrix from receiving terminal codebook matrix set The codebook matrix that different vector matrix matches;
Receiving terminal obtains its corresponding codebook matrix according to codebook matrix and indexed, then codebook matrix index is sent to hair Sending end.
Preferably, receiving terminal selects from receiving terminal codebook matrix set and equivalent channel matrix according to equivalent channel matrix The codebook matrix that matches of left singular vector matrix, including:
Receiving terminal calculates the conjugate transposition premultiplication of each codebook matrix in codebook matrix set with equivalent channel matrix Norm, obtain norm set;
Receiving terminal finds the codebook matrix for the maximum norm to be formed in norm set in receiving terminal codebook matrix set.
Preferably, receiving terminal selects from receiving terminal codebook matrix set and equivalent channel matrix according to equivalent channel matrix The codebook matrix that matches of left singular vector matrix, including:
Receiving terminal calculates the left singular vector square of each codebook matrix and equivalent channel matrix in codebook matrix set The distance of battle array, obtains distance set;
Receiving terminal finds the codebook matrix for the minimum range to form distance set in receiving terminal codebook matrix set.
Preferably, before receiving terminal obtains equivalent channel matrix according to the channel matrix of estimation, in addition to:
Receiving terminal carries out channel estimation, the channel matrix estimated to channel matrix.
Preferably, its corresponding codebook matrix is obtained according to codebook matrix in receiving terminal to index, then codebook matrix rope Initiation is delivered to after transmitting terminal, in addition to:
Transmitting terminal is inquired about and read from transmitting terminal codebook matrix set according to codebook matrix index and indexed with codebook matrix Corresponding codebook matrix;
Transmitting terminal pre-processes according to the codebook matrix read from transmitting terminal codebook matrix set to sending signal.
Preferably, the set of receiving terminal codebook matrix and transmitting terminal codebook matrix set are two identical codebook matrix Set, is indexed including codebook matrix corresponding to codebook matrix and each codebook matrix respectively.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of estimation of channel matrix information and the device of feedback, including with Lower step:
Equivalent channel matrix computing module, equivalent channel square is obtained for being filtered processing to the channel matrix of estimation Battle array;
Codebook matrix indexes computing module, for select according to equivalent channel matrix from receiving terminal codebook matrix set and Codebook matrix that the left singular vector matrix of equivalent channel matrix matches simultaneously obtains its corresponding codebook matrix index;
Codebook matrix indexes feedback module, for codebook matrix index to be sent to transmitting terminal.
Preferably, device also includes:
Channel estimation module, for carrying out channel estimation, the channel matrix estimated to channel matrix.
Preferably, codebook matrix index computing module, including:
Codebook matrix norm calculation submodule, for by calculating being total to for each codebook matrix in codebook matrix set Yoke transposition premultiplication obtains norm set with the norm of equivalent channel matrix;
Codebook matrix search index submodule, for searching the maximum model formed in norm set in codebook matrix set Several codebook matrix is inquired about and reads codebook matrix index corresponding with the codebook matrix.
Preferably, codebook matrix index computing module, including:
Codebook matrix Vector operation submodule, for by calculate each codebook matrix in codebook matrix set with etc. The distance of the left singular vector matrix of channel matrix is imitated, obtains distance set;
Codebook matrix search index submodule, the minimum range of distance set is formed for being searched in codebook matrix set Codebook matrix and read corresponding with codebook matrix codebook matrix and index.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:The present invention is by selecting and equivalent channel matrix The codebook matrix that left singular vector matrix matches is realized to the quantization of left singular vector matrix and feedback in channel matrix.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is estimation and the method flow schematic diagram of feedback of channel matrix information provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is estimation and the device block diagram of feedback of channel matrix information provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, it will be appreciated that described below is excellent Select embodiment to be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the estimation of channel matrix information provided by the invention and the method flow signal of feedback, such as Fig. 1 institutes Show:
Step S101, receiving terminal are filtered processing to the channel matrix of estimation and obtain equivalent channel matrix.
Before this, receiving terminal carries out channel estimation, the channel matrix estimated to channel matrix.
Step S102, receiving terminal select and equivalent channel square according to equivalent channel matrix from receiving terminal codebook matrix set The codebook matrix that the left singular vector matrix of battle array matches.
There are two methods when selecting suitable codebook matrix, first, receiving terminal calculates each in codebook matrix set The conjugate transposition premultiplication of individual codebook matrix obtains norm set, in receiving terminal code book square with the norm of the equivalent channel matrix The codebook matrix for the maximum norm to be formed in the norm set is found in battle array set;Second, receiving terminal calculates the code book The distance of the left singular vector matrix of each codebook matrix and equivalent channel matrix in set of matrices, obtains distance set, The codebook matrix for the minimum range to form distance set is found in receiving terminal codebook matrix set again.
Step S103, receiving terminal obtain its corresponding codebook matrix according to codebook matrix and indexed, then codebook matrix rope Transmitting terminal is delivered in initiation.
After this, transmitting terminal according to codebook matrix index inquired about from transmitting terminal codebook matrix set and read with it is described Codebook matrix corresponding to codebook matrix index, according to the codebook matrix read from transmitting terminal codebook matrix set to sending signal Pre-processed.Wherein, the set of receiving terminal codebook matrix and transmitting terminal codebook matrix set are two identical code book squares Battle array set, is indexed including codebook matrix corresponding to codebook matrix and each codebook matrix respectively.
Fig. 2 shows the estimation of channel matrix information provided by the invention and the device block diagram of feedback, as shown in Fig. 2 bag Include channel estimation module, equivalent channel matrix computing module, codebook matrix index computing module and codebook matrix index feedback mould Block.
Wherein, channel estimation module is used for each OFDM (Orthogonal in physical resource unit where estimating receiving terminal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM)/OFMDA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, orthogonal frequency-time multiple access) channel matrix on each subcarrier of symbol.
Equivalent channel matrix computing module obtains equivalent channel matrix for being filtered processing to the channel matrix of estimation;
Codebook matrix index computing module be used to select from receiving terminal codebook matrix set according to equivalent channel matrix and Codebook matrix that the left singular vector matrix of equivalent channel matrix matches simultaneously obtains its corresponding codebook matrix index.The mould Block includes codebook matrix norm calculation submodule, codebook matrix Vector operation submodule and codebook matrix search index submodule, Codebook matrix norm calculation submodule is used for left by the conjugate transposition for calculating each codebook matrix in codebook matrix set The norm of equivalent channel matrix is multiplied by, obtains norm set, codebook matrix Vector operation submodule is used for by calculating code book square The distance of the left singular vector matrix of each codebook matrix and equivalent channel matrix in battle array set, obtains distance set, code This matrix index inquires about submodule according to using its different function of method of selection codebook matrix also different, according to code book Matrix norm calculating sub module selects suitable codebook matrix, then codebook matrix search index submodule is used in codebook matrix collection The codebook matrix of the maximum norm formed in norm set is searched in conjunction and reads codebook matrix rope corresponding with the codebook matrix Draw, select suitable codebook matrix according to codebook matrix Vector operation submodule, then codebook matrix search index submodule is used In the codebook matrix that the minimum range formed in distance set is searched in codebook matrix set and read and the codebook matrix pair The codebook matrix index answered.
Codebook matrix index feedback module is used to codebook matrix index send to transmitting terminal.
Below by several specific embodiments, the method for estimation and feedback to channel matrix information of the present invention is carried out in detail Explanation.
Embodiment one:
In the present embodiment, physical resource unit accounts for N in time domainSIndividual OFDM/OFDMA symbols, account for N on frequency domainCIndividual frequency domain Sub-carrier number.1 transmitting terminal scheduled 1 receiving terminal in this physical resource unit.Wherein, receiving terminal has NRxPiece-root grafting receives day Line, transmitting terminal have NTxIndividual transmission antenna.Receiving terminal estimates that a left side for transmitting terminal to the channel matrix of receiving terminal is strange by the following method The codebook matrix index that different vector matrix matches, and codebook matrix index is fed back into transmitting terminal.
(1) channel matrix where receiving terminal estimation on each each subcarrier of OFDM/OFDMA symbols of physical resource unit H (m, n), its element hI, j(m, n) represents jth root transmission antenna to the channel coefficients between piece-root grafting sending and receiving antenna, m=1 ..., NS, n=1 ..., NC, i=1 ..., NRx, j=1 ..., NTx
(2) receiving terminal calculates equivalent channel matrix according to the channel matrix H (m, n) in physical resource unit, i.e.,
Wherein, HeffIt is equivalent channel matrix, H (m, n) and αM, nIt is on m-th of OFDM/OFDMA, n-th of carrier wave respectively Channel matrix and the channel matrix in equivalent channel matrix specific gravity factor, αM, n>=0,M=1 ..., NS, n=1 ..., NC, NSFor OFDM/OFDMA symbol numbers, NCFor subcarrier in frequency domain number.
(3) the number r for being more than the first threshold value according to singular value selects codebook set Cr, in codebook set CrMiddle search makes Obtain f ((Cr(i))H×Heff) maximum codebook matrix, and index is assigned to PMI corresponding to a codebook matrix.
Wherein, CrRepresent the codebook set that order is r, CR, PMIRepresent the codebook set C that order is rrCode book number, Cr(i) table Show i-th of codebook matrix, i=1 ..., CR, PMI.R is HeffMore than the singular value number of the first threshold value.F (A) representing matrixs A's Norm.Here, norm is the Common Concepts in matrix theory, for example the Frobenius norms of matrix A are expressed asaI, j, i=1 ..., M, j=1 ..., N is M × N matrix A element.
(4) PMI is fed back into transmitting terminal.
Embodiment two:
In the present embodiment, physical resource unit accounts for N in time domainSIndividual OFDM/OFDMA symbols, account for N on frequency domainCIndividual frequency domain Sub-carrier number.1 transmitting terminal scheduled 1 receiving terminal in this physical resource unit.Wherein, receiving terminal has NRxPiece-root grafting receives day Line, transmitting terminal have NTxIndividual transmission antenna.Receiving terminal estimates that a left side for transmitting terminal to the channel matrix of receiving terminal is strange by the following method The codebook matrix index that different vector matrix matches, and codebook matrix index is fed back into transmitting terminal.
(1) channel matrix where receiving terminal estimation on each each subcarrier of OFDM/OFDMA symbols of physical resource unit H (m, n), its element hI, j(m, n) represents jth root transmission antenna to the channel coefficients between piece-root grafting sending and receiving antenna, m=1 ..., NS, n=1 ..., NC, i=1 ..., NRx, j=1 ..., NTx
(2) receiving terminal calculates equivalent channel matrix according to the channel matrix H (m, n) in physical resource unit, i.e.,
Wherein, HeffIt is equivalent channel matrix, H (m, n) and αM, nIt is on m-th of OFDM/OFDMA, n-th of carrier wave respectively Channel matrix and the channel matrix in equivalent channel matrix specific gravity factor, αM, n>=0,M=1 ..., NS, n=1 ..., NC, NSFor OFDM/OFDMA symbol numbers, NCFor subcarrier in frequency domain number.
(3) the number r for being more than the first threshold value according to singular value selects codebook set Cr, in codebook set CrMiddle search makes Obtain d (Cr(i), U) minimum codebook matrix, and index is assigned to PMI corresponding to a codebook matrix.
Wherein, CrRepresent the codebook set that order is r, CR, PMIRepresent the codebook set C that order is rrCode book number, Cr(i) table Show i-th of code book, i=1 ..., CR, PMI.R is HeffMore than the singular value number of the first threshold value.D (A, B) representing matrix A, B's Distance, d (A, B)=f (AAH-BBH).U represents equivalent channel matrix HeffLeft singular vector matrix.F (A) representing matrixs A model Number.
(4) PMI is fed back into transmitting terminal.
Embodiment three:
In the present embodiment, physical resource unit accounts for N in time domainSIndividual OFDM/OFDMA symbols, account for N on frequency domainCIndividual frequency domain Sub-carrier number.1 transmitting terminal scheduled N number of receiving terminal, as Mu-MIMO in this physical resource unit.Wherein, Mei Gejie Receiving end has NRxRoot reception antenna, transmitting terminal have NTxIndividual transmission antenna.For each receiving terminal l perform respectively embodiment one or Step (1), (2), (3) in embodiment two are to estimate the left singular vector square of the channel matrix of transmitting terminal to receiving terminal l in itself The index for the codebook matrix that battle array matches, and codebook matrix index is fed back into transmitting terminal.Here, l=1 ..., N.
Example IV:
In the present embodiment, physical resource unit accounts for N in time domainSIndividual OFDM/OFDMA symbols, account for N on frequency domainCIndividual frequency domain Sub-carrier number.M transmitting terminal scheduled N number of receiving terminal, as COMP in this physical resource unit.Wherein, it is each to receive There is N at endRxRoot reception antenna, each transmitting terminal have NTxIndividual transmission antenna.Each receiving terminal l performs embodiment one or real respectively The step (1) in example two, (2), (3) are applied to estimate the left singular vector square of the channel matrix of M transmitting terminal to receiving terminal l in itself The codebook matrix index that battle array matches, the channel matrix is a NRx×(MNTx) complex matrix, and codebook matrix is indexed Feed back to each transmitting terminal.Here, l=1 ..., N.
Embodiment five
In the present embodiment, physical resource unit accounts for N in time domainSIndividual OFDM/OFDMA symbols, account for N on frequency domainCIndividual frequency domain Sub-carrier number.M transmitting terminal scheduled N number of receiving terminal, as COMP in this physical resource unit.Wherein, it is each to receive There is N at endRxRoot reception antenna, each transmitting terminal have NTxIndividual transmission antenna.For each receiving terminal l perform respectively embodiment one or Step (1), (2), (3) in person's embodiment two is with the left unusual of channel matrix of k-th of the transmitting terminal of estimation to receiving terminal l in itself The codebook matrix index that vector matrix matches, the channel matrix is a NRx×NTxThe complex matrix of dimension, and by codebook matrix Index feeds back to corresponding transmitting terminal k.Here, l=1 ..., N, k=1 ..., M.
In summary, the present invention has following technique effect:Using methods and apparatus of the present invention, in OFDM/OFDMA systems In system, receiving terminal can effectively estimate the left singular vector matrix of channel matrix, and be fed back to transmitting terminal, so as to which system can be with Signal is processed to improve mimo system using the information structuring channel matrix such as left singular vector matrix, and using channel matrix Transmission rate.
Although the present invention is described in detail above, the invention is not restricted to this, those skilled in the art can be with Various modifications are carried out according to the principle of the present invention.Therefore, all modifications made according to the principle of the invention, all should be understood to fall into Protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of estimation of channel matrix information and the method for feedback, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Receiving terminal is filtered processing to the channel matrix of estimation and obtains equivalent channel matrix;
Receiving terminal selects and the equivalent channel matrix according to the equivalent channel matrix from receiving terminal codebook matrix set The codebook matrix that left singular vector matrix matches;And
Receiving terminal obtains its corresponding codebook matrix according to the codebook matrix and indexed, then the codebook matrix is indexed and sent To transmitting terminal;
Wherein, the number of the first threshold value is more than according to the singular value of channel matrix, selects the codebook matrix set.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the receiving terminal is according to equivalent channel matrix from receiving terminal code The codebook matrix that the left singular vector matrix of selection and the equivalent channel matrix matches in this set of matrices, including:
The receiving terminal calculates the conjugate transposition premultiplication of each codebook matrix in the codebook matrix set with described equivalent The norm of channel matrix, obtain norm set;And
The receiving terminal finds the code book for the maximum norm to be formed in the norm set in receiving terminal codebook matrix set Matrix.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the receiving terminal is according to equivalent channel matrix from receiving terminal code The codebook matrix that the left singular vector matrix of selection and the equivalent channel matrix matches in this set of matrices, including:
The left side that the receiving terminal calculates each codebook matrix and the equivalent channel matrix in the codebook matrix set is strange The distance of different vector matrix, obtains distance set;And
The receiving terminal finds the code book square for the minimum range to form the distance set in receiving terminal codebook matrix set Battle array.
4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that obtained in the receiving terminal according to the channel matrix of estimation Before imitating channel matrix, in addition to:
Receiving terminal carries out channel estimation, the channel matrix estimated to channel matrix.
5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that obtained in the receiving terminal according to codebook matrix corresponding to its Codebook matrix index, then codebook matrix index is sent to after transmitting terminal, in addition to:
Transmitting terminal is inquired about from transmitting terminal codebook matrix set and read and the codebook matrix according to codebook matrix index Codebook matrix corresponding to index;And
Transmitting terminal pre-processes according to the codebook matrix read from transmitting terminal codebook matrix set to sending signal.
6. according to the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that the receiving terminal codebook matrix set and the transmitting terminal code This set of matrices is two identical codebook matrix set, respectively including code corresponding to codebook matrix and each codebook matrix This matrix index.
7. a kind of estimation of channel matrix information and the device of feedback, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Equivalent channel matrix computing module, equivalent channel matrix is obtained for being filtered processing to the channel matrix of estimation;
Codebook matrix indexes computing module, for select according to the equivalent channel matrix from receiving terminal codebook matrix set and Codebook matrix that the left singular vector matrix of the equivalent channel matrix matches simultaneously obtains its corresponding codebook matrix index; And
Codebook matrix indexes feedback module, for codebook matrix index to be sent to transmitting terminal;
Wherein, the number for the first threshold value being more than according to the singular value of channel matrix selects the codebook matrix set.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described device also includes:
Channel estimation module, for carrying out channel estimation, the channel matrix estimated to channel matrix.
9. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the codebook matrix indexes computing module, including:
Codebook matrix norm calculation submodule, for by calculating being total to for each codebook matrix in the codebook matrix set Yoke transposition premultiplication obtains norm set with the norm of the equivalent channel matrix;And
Codebook matrix search index submodule, formed for being searched in the codebook matrix set in the norm set most The codebook matrix of big norm simultaneously reads codebook matrix index corresponding with the codebook matrix.
10. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the codebook matrix indexes computing module, including:
Codebook matrix is apart from calculating sub module, for by calculating each codebook matrix and institute in the codebook matrix set The distance of the left singular vector matrix of equivalent channel matrix is stated, obtains distance set;And
Codebook matrix search index submodule, formed for being searched in the codebook matrix set in the distance set most The codebook matrix of small distance simultaneously reads codebook matrix index corresponding with the codebook matrix.
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