CN103023060A - Photovoltaic inverter and harmonic suppression method - Google Patents
Photovoltaic inverter and harmonic suppression method Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
The invention provides a photovoltaic inverter system, comprising N photovoltaic inverters, wherein N is an integer more than 1; each photovoltaic inverter comprises a carrier creating unit and a drive pulse creating unit; each carrier creating unit is used for generating carriers, and the N carriers created by the carrier creating units of the N photovoltaic inverters at the same time are identical in frequency and have the phase difference being 2pi/N in sequence; the drive pulse creating unit is used for generating IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) carrier generating signals based on comparison between the carriers and modulated voltage; and IGBT elements of the same phase of bridge arms of the N photovoltaic inverters are respectively controlled to output a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) voltage by the corresponding IGBT carrier generation signals. The invention further provides a corresponding method. According to the invention, by means of carrier phase-shifting, the pulse ripple of the output current of each photovoltaic inverter is subjected to phase shift by a certain angle, and thus the total current harmonics of the entire inverter system is reduced obviously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic inverting system, more particularly, relate to a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system and harmonic suppressing method.
Background technology
Along with the attention of countries in the world to energy-saving and emission-reduction, government strengthens the support dynamics to new forms of energy, and the solar power generation industry also is able to fast development.In solar photovoltaic generation system, because the generation of solar energy electroplax is direct current, therefore need just can be connected to the grid after transferring industrial-frequency alternating current to by inverter.
But photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can be introduced additional harmonic wave when exchanging conversion, and the current harmonics size of therefore injecting electrical network is an important indicator, has been subject to people's extensive concern.The harmonic wave that IEEE Std929-2000 and IEEE Std.P1547 standard [1] are injected power network current to the power-supply system of generating electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems has been made strict restriction, total harmonic distortion (THD) is less than 5%, 3,5,7,9 subharmonic less than 4%, 11～15 times less than more than 2%, 35 time less than 0.3%.Traditional photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is only presented to the current harmonics of electrical network self and is suppressed, and when being incorporated into the power networks for many photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter clusters, does not carry out any processing.
As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation that is incorporated into the power networks by the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system that many photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters consist of.Many photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters transfer the direct current that solar panel generates to alternating current, and are synthetic by a transformer after filtering, and the electric current after synthesizing injects electrical network.As shown in Figure 2, upper channel is shown as mutually total output current Itotal of three A of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system, and that lower channel shows is the front A phase inductance current waveform I1 of every photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter filtering, I2, I3.A is harmonic analysis such as Fig. 3 of total output current mutually.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the higher problem of resultant current harmonic wave in the above-mentioned photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system, provides a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system and harmonic suppressing method.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is, a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system is provided, a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system comprises that N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprise a plurality of IGBT elements that are respectively applied to control each phase brachium pontis switch, and wherein N is the integer greater than 1; Each described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises carrier wave creating unit and driving pulse creating unit; Described carrier wave creating unit be used for to generate a carrier wave, and the identical and phase difference of the frequency of N the carrier wave that the carrier wave creating unit of described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter creates at one time is followed successively by 2 π/N; Described driving pulse creating unit, the modulation voltage that is used for carrier wave that the carrier wave creating unit according to correspondence creates and its place photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter relatively generates IGBT and sends out the ripple signal; The IGBT element of the same phase brachium pontis of a described N photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is sent out ripple signal controlling output PWM voltage by the IGBT of correspondence respectively.
In photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention system, the phase place of the carrier wave that the carrier wave creating unit of described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter creates at one time is respectively θ=θ
0+ 2 π (i-1)/N, wherein i is the order of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system at carrier wave creating unit place, θ
0It is the phase angle that the carrier wave creating unit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the 1st order creates carrier wave.
In photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention system, the modulation voltage that described driving pulse creating unit is used is generated according to given value of current and current feedback deviation by the pi regulator of place photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
In photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the present invention system, described system also comprises transformer, be used for the PWM voltage of the same phase brachium pontis output of described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is synthetic after the feed-in electrical network.
The present invention also provides a kind of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics inhibition method, and described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system comprises N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and wherein N is the integer greater than 1; The method may further comprise the steps:
(a) make described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generate respectively carrier wave, the identical and phase difference of the frequency of N the carrier wave that described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generates at one time is followed successively by 2 π/N;
(b) IGBT that makes described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter use respectively the carrier wave of each self-generating and modulation voltage separately relatively to generate separately sends out the ripple signal;
(c) make described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter use respectively separately IGBT to send out the IGBT element output PWM voltage of the same phase brachium pontis of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of ripple signal controlling.
In photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics inhibition method of the present invention, in described step (a): the phase place of the carrier wave that described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generates at one time is respectively θ=θ
0+ 2 π (i-1)/N, wherein i be photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system order, θ
0It is the phase angle that the carrier wave creating unit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the 1st order creates carrier wave.
In photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics inhibition method of the present invention, in the described step (b), the modulation voltage of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is generated according to separately given value of current and current feedback deviation by separately pi regulator respectively.
In photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics inhibition method of the present invention, described step (c) comprises afterwards: feed-in electrical network after by transformer that the output PWM voltage of the same phase brachium pontis of described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is synthetic.
Photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system of the present invention and harmonic suppressing method, pass through phase-shifting carrier wave, so that also phase shift certain angle of every photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter output ripple current ripple, thereby so that the total current harmonic wave that whole inverter system produces obviously reduces, the quality of power supply improves greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system.
Fig. 2 is mutually total output currents of three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter a, the schematic diagram of a phase inductance electric current before the separate unit photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter filter.
Fig. 3 is mutually total output current harmonics analysis schematic diagrames of three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter a.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is separate unit photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter Current Control block diagram.
Fig. 6 is phase-shifting carrier wave schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter a phase carrier waves.
Fig. 8 is three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter a phase driving pulses.
Fig. 9 is mutually total output currents of three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter a of phase-shifting carrier wave, the schematic diagram of a phase inductance electric current before the separate unit photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter filter.
Figure 10 is mutually total output current harmonics analysis schematic diagrames of three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter a of phase-shifting carrier wave.
Figure 11 is the schematic flow sheet that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics of the present invention suppresses embodiment of the method.
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.Below be treated to mutually example explanation system and method for the present invention with the A of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
As shown in Figure 4, be the schematic diagram of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system embodiment of the present invention.System in the present embodiment comprises N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter (wherein N for greater than 1 integer) 40, wherein each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 40 IGBT element 43 of comprising carrier wave creating unit 41, driving pulse creating unit 42 and being used for this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of control A phase brachium pontis switch.Above-mentioned carrier wave creating unit 41 and driving pulse creating unit 42 can be realized by the part hardware of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 40 and the software that runs on the hardware respectively.
Carrier wave creating unit 41 is used for creating carrier wave, the identical and phase difference of the frequency of N the carrier wave that is created at one time by the carrier wave creating unit 41 of different photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters 40 respectively be followed successively by 2 π/N(for example initial phase be followed successively by 2 π/N, 2 * 2 π/N, 3 * 2 π/N ..., N * 2 π/N).Particularly, the phase place of the carrier wave that creates at one time of the carrier wave creating unit 41 of this N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter can be respectively θ=θ
0+ 2 π (i-1)/N, wherein i is the order of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system, θ
0It is the phase angle that the carrier wave creating unit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the 1st order creates carrier wave.
In concrete the application, above-mentioned carrier wave creating unit 41 can be by the DSP realization of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 40, and the frequency of the carrier wave that creates then determines (for example frequency of DSP) by the parameter of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 40, and the carrier wave that creates is generally triangular wave.Can carry out carrier phase difference by the signal method of synchronization between the carrier wave creating unit 41 of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 40 confirms.Certainly, in actual applications, above-mentioned carrier wave creating unit 41 also can be realized by other oscillating circuits.
The modulation voltage (namely sending out wave voltage) that driving pulse creating unit 42 is used for the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter at the carrier wave that creates according to carrier wave creating unit 41 and its place relatively generates IGBT and sends out the ripple signal, this IGBT sends out the IGBT element 43 that the ripple signal is sent to A phase brachium pontis, thereby IGBT element 43 is sent out ripple signal output PWM voltage according to this IGBT.
N photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 40 carried out aforesaid operations by above-mentioned carrier wave creating unit 41, driving pulse creating unit 42 and A phase IGBT element 43 simultaneously, thereby respectively the IGBT of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 40 being sent out the ripple signal carries out phase shift and processes feed-in electrical network after the PWM voltage of IGBT element 43 outputs of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter 40 is synthetic through transformer.
By carrier wave (for example triangular carrier) phase place of the homophase brachium pontis of N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is divided equally in 1 carrier cycle by carrier number, like this photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter current equivalence switching frequency be brachium pontis actual switch frequency N doubly, reached the effect of frequency multiplication.As shown in Figure 6, be 2 photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter homophase brachium pontis phase-shifting carrier wave schematic diagrams.The curve of the top is the carrier wave of modulating wave and 2 photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter homophase brachium pontis, middle 2 curves are that two IGBT on the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter homophase brachium pontis send out the ripple signal, and the curve of below is the composite diagram that IGBT sends out the ripple signal on two photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter homophase brachium pontis.From IGBT send out ripple signal composite diagram as can be known photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter power model equivalent switching frequency be 2 times of actual switch frequency.
As shown in Figure 5, be the operating principle figure of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the said system.Produce after given value of current (Iref) is regulated by pi regulator with current feedback deviation (Iact) and send out wave voltage, send out wave voltage and carrier wave (Vref, carrier wave creating unit from its place photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter) form IGBT through the SVPWM modulation and send out the ripple signal, the IGBT element conductive of control photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter A phase brachium pontis produces PWM voltage.
Can do respectively identical phase-shifting carrier wave to the B phase of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system with the C phase voltage by said system and process, thereby the harmonic wave of realizing each phase current is subdued.
Because electric current has identical attribute with the voltage of generation current, below illustrate that as an example of electric current example the harmonic wave in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system subdues.As shown in Figure 9, upper channel is shown as mutually total output current Itotal of three A of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system, and that lower channel shows is the front A phase inductance current waveform I1 of every photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter filtering, I2, I3.A is harmonic analysis such as Figure 10 of total output current mutually.
Below take photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system shown in Figure 1 as example illustrates effect of the present invention, three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters in this system adopt the phase shift carrier waves, namely the carrier phase difference of adjacent inverter is 120 degree, Fig. 7 is the A phase carrier wave of three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters.Fig. 8 is that the A phase IGBT of three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converters sends out the ripple signal, and its phase difference is 120 degree.Fig. 9 upper channel is for after adopting the system carrier phase shift, and three photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter A are total output current Itotal mutually, and that lower channel shows be front A phase inductance current waveform I1, I2, I3 of every photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter filtering.A mutually total output current harmonic analysis as shown in figure 10.
Can be found out in the harmonic analysis of total output current mutually by A shown in Figure 10, adopt phase-shifting carrier wave after, the harmonic wave of total output current of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system in parallel is reduced to 0.54% from 3.65%, the total current harmonic wave obviously reduces.
As shown in figure 11, be the schematic diagram that photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics of the present invention suppresses embodiment of the method, wherein the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system comprises N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, and N is the integer greater than 1, and the method may further comprise the steps:
Step S1: make N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generate respectively carrier wave, the identical and phase difference of the frequency of N the carrier wave that this N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generates at one time is followed successively by 2 π/N.
When specific implementation, the phase place of the carrier wave that N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter creates at one time is respectively θ=θ
0+ 2 π (i-1)/N, wherein i is the order of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system, θ
0It is the phase angle that the carrier wave creating unit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the 1st order creates carrier wave.Above-mentioned carrier wave can be created by the DSP of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter or special-purpose oscillating circuit is realized.
Step S2: the IGBT that makes N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter use respectively the carrier wave of separately establishment and modulation voltage separately relatively to generate separately sends out the ripple signal.The modulation voltage of above-mentioned photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is generated by pi regulator basis given value of current and current feedback deviation separately respectively.
Step S3: the IGBT element that makes N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter use respectively separately IGBT to send out ripple signal controlling homophase brachium pontis produces PWM voltage.
Can do phase shift to each phase voltage in the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system by said method and process, thereby the harmonic wave of realizing each phase current is subdued.
The same phase brachium pontis of above-mentioned N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter the voltage that produces of IGBT element synthetic by transformer after the feed-in electrical network.
The above; only for the better embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claim.
Claims (8)
1. a photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system comprises that N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter and each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprise a plurality of IGBT elements that are respectively applied to control each phase brachium pontis switch, and wherein N is the integer greater than 1; It is characterized in that: each described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter comprises carrier wave creating unit and driving pulse creating unit; Described carrier wave creating unit be used for to generate a carrier wave, and the identical and phase difference of the frequency of N the carrier wave that the carrier wave creating unit of described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter creates at one time is followed successively by 2 π/N; Described driving pulse creating unit, the modulation voltage that is used for carrier wave that the carrier wave creating unit according to correspondence creates and its place photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter relatively generates IGBT and sends out the ripple signal; The IGBT element of the same phase brachium pontis of a described N photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is sent out ripple signal controlling output PWM voltage by the IGBT of correspondence respectively.
2. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the phase place of the carrier wave that the carrier wave creating unit of described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter creates at one time is respectively
, wherein i is the order of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system at carrier wave creating unit place,
It is the phase angle that the carrier wave creating unit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the 1st order creates carrier wave.
3. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1 and 2 system, it is characterized in that: the modulation voltage that described driving pulse creating unit is used is generated according to given value of current and current feedback deviation by the pi regulator of place photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter.
4. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter according to claim 1 and 2 system, it is characterized in that: described system also comprises transformer, be used for the PWM voltage of the same phase brachium pontis output of described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is synthetic after the feed-in electrical network.
5. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics inhibition method, described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system comprises N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, wherein N is the integer greater than 1; It is characterized in that: the method may further comprise the steps:
(a) make described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generate respectively carrier wave, the identical and phase difference of the frequency of N the carrier wave that described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generates at one time is followed successively by 2 π/N;
(b) IGBT that makes described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter use respectively the carrier wave of each self-generating and modulation voltage separately relatively to generate separately sends out the ripple signal;
(c) make described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter use respectively separately IGBT to send out the IGBT element output PWM voltage of the same phase brachium pontis of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of ripple signal controlling.
6. photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics inhibition method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described step (a): the phase place of the carrier wave that described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter generates at one time is respectively
, the i order that is photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter in described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system wherein,
It is the phase angle that the carrier wave creating unit of the photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter of the 1st order creates carrier wave.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics inhibition methods, it is characterized in that: in the described step (b), the modulation voltage of each photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is generated according to separately given value of current and current feedback deviation by separately pi regulator respectively.
8. according to claim 5 or 6 described photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter system harmonics inhibition methods, it is characterized in that: described step (c) comprises afterwards: feed-in electrical network after by transformer that the output PWM voltage of the same phase brachium pontis of described N platform photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is synthetic.
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| CN103840485A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-06-04 | 山东大学 | Global synchronization pulse width modulation system and method of distributed grid-connected inverter system |
| CN104901568A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 深圳市英威腾电气股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic inverter system, photovoltaic inverter and resonance damping method and device thereof |
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| WO2019184389A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | 山东大学 | System and method for voltage-free sampling coordination control for multiple grid-connected inverters |
| CN112731038A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 深圳市禾望电气股份有限公司 | Hardware-in-loop test system of power grid simulation device |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |