CN103021392B - The switch body of electric keyboard instrument - Google Patents

The switch body of electric keyboard instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103021392B
CN103021392B CN201210483551.9A CN201210483551A CN103021392B CN 103021392 B CN103021392 B CN 103021392B CN 201210483551 A CN201210483551 A CN 201210483551A CN 103021392 B CN103021392 B CN 103021392B
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China
Prior art keywords
contact portion
moving contact
communicated
key
switch body
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201210483551.9A
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CN103021392A (en
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西田贤一
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Yamaha Corp
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Yamaha Corp
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  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides the switch body can sought switch motion stabilization, improve the electric keyboard instrument of the accuracy of detection of key operation.The elasticity bellying (22) driven by key (10) of switch body (SW) is formed in dome-shaped upward from the base portion be arranged on substrate (21) with bloating.Being equipped with the fixed contact portion be made up of a pair comb-like electrode at the upper surface of substrate, is respectively that the moving contact portion (25) of 3 is relative respectively with fixed contact portion.Under non-key-press status, the height outstanding to substrate-side in moving contact portion is moving contact portion (25A, 25C, 25B) from high to low, be set in the order that button goes to be communicated with in journey, from the moving contact portion be communicated with at first, be followed successively by moving contact portion (25A, 25C, 25B).About the position relationship of fore-and-aft direction, moving contact portion (25B) is configured in the position between moving contact portion (25A) and moving contact portion (25C) be first communicated with than it.

Description

The switch body of electric keyboard instrument
The application be applicant Yamaha Corporation in the application number that on September 9th, 2011 proposes be 201110272238.6, denomination of invention is the divisional application of the patent application of " switch body of electric keyboard instrument ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of switch body detecting the electric keyboard instrument of the operation of key.
Background technology
In the past, in electric keyboard instrument, to be knownly a kind ofly configured with by the electric keyboard instrument (following patent documentation 1) of the switch body of the displacement member drives such as key itself, weight of being carried out action by button operation.This switch body is formed by soft resin etc., moving contact portion to substrate-side be located at highlightedly from base portion be the elasticity bellying that cheese bloats, moving contact portion becomes conducting (connection) state by abutting with the fixed contact portion on corresponding substrate, detects button operation.
In addition, as shown in following patent documentation 2, be provided with in the structure in moving contact portion of more than 31 switch body, have the structure being set in the order that button goes to be communicated with in journey.So, the presence or absence, key scroll etc. of button is detected according to the connection situation in each moving contact portion.
This dome-shaped switch body utilizes its elasticity to be out of shape by driving, and returns to original-shape when becoming non-key-press status.When the time comes, because moving contact portion is also flexibly integrally provided on elasticity bellying by skirt section, therefore when moving contact portion abuts with fixed contact portion, the elastic deformation of moving contact portion, returns to original-shape when becoming non-key-press status.
Patent documentation 1: Jap.P. No. 3381604 publication
Patent documentation 2: Japanese Patent Publication 61-54234 publication
But be configured with in the structure in moving contact portion of more than 3 in row along the longitudinal direction the switch body as above-mentioned patent documentation 2, switch body entirety is formed as elongate shape, relative to the power from transverse direction, easily become unstable.Such as when the transverse direction as glissando (glissando) playing method plays key sideling, moving contact portion easily tilts.
Because switch body entirety is elongate shape, and go to the moving contact portion from player side in journey to be communicated with successively at button, therefore when when driving the horizontal power in midway to put on switch body, switch body is easily out of shape.Therefore, going to the moving contact portion of last connection in journey, in the stage that reality is communicated with, this moving contact portion may occur at button is not the situation just right with fixed contact portion.So this moving contact portion suitably can not abut with fixed contact portion, switch motion is unstable.Such as in the touch-responsive switch (touchresponseswitch) of contact mistiming mode, exist bad as follows, though that is, identical press bond strength under, the value of speed data (velocitydata) sometimes also can be different.
On the other hand, the moving contact portion be communicated with at first is positioned at the position near player side, and therefore balancing the load is temporarily partial to player side, and especially when exerting oneself button, switch motion is unstable.In addition, the moving contact portion be communicated with at first sometimes stroke is also longer, and itself easily tilts, and makes switch motion unstable.
When switch motion is unstable as described above, easily tremble (chattering), be sometimes difficult to detect key operation exactly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention makes in order to the problem solving above-mentioned prior art, its object is to provide a kind of and can seek switch motion stabilization and can improve the switch body of the electric keyboard instrument of the accuracy of detection of key operation.
In order to achieve the above object, the switch body (SW) of the electric keyboard instrument of technical scheme 1 of the present invention is arranged accordingly with key, driven by the biasing member (10,15) utilizing button operation to carry out displacement, the operation of the key corresponding to detection, upper displacement member is key itself (10) or the component (15) dynamic with binding, it is characterized in that, this switch body comprises: base portion (21), and it is for being arranged on substrate (12); Elasticity bellying (22), it bloats from said base portion, is driven by upper displacement member; Multiple moving contact portion (25), it is flexibly at least provided with 3 in the mode relative with the fixed contact portion (17) be configured on aforesaid substrate at above-mentioned elasticity bellying, connected state is become respectively by abutting with corresponding fixed contact portion, set the order that above-mentioned multiple moving contact portion goes at button to be communicated with in journey, the position between at least 2 moving contact portions that button to go in journey the last moving contact portion be communicated with to be configured in the moving contact portion be first communicated with than it.
In order to achieve the above object, the switch body (SW) of the electric keyboard instrument of technical scheme 2 of the present invention is arranged accordingly with key, driven by the biasing member (10,15) utilizing button operation to carry out displacement, the operation of the key corresponding to detection, upper displacement member is key itself (10) or the component (15) dynamic with binding, it is characterized in that, this switch body comprises: base portion (21), and it is for being arranged on substrate; Elasticity bellying (22), it bloats from said base portion, is driven by upper displacement member; Multiple moving contact portion (25), it is flexibly at least provided with 3 in the mode relative with the fixed contact portion (17) be configured on aforesaid substrate at above-mentioned elasticity bellying, connected state is become respectively by abutting with corresponding fixed contact portion, set the order that above-mentioned multiple moving contact portion goes at button to be communicated with in journey, button go the moving contact portion be communicated with at first in journey to be configured in than at least 2 moving contact portions in the moving contact portion be communicated with thereafter between position.
In order to achieve the above object, the switch body (SW) of the electric keyboard instrument of technical scheme 3 of the present invention is arranged accordingly with key, driven by the biasing member (10,15) utilizing button operation to carry out displacement, the operation of the key corresponding to detection, upper displacement member is key itself (10) or the component (15) dynamic with binding, it is characterized in that, this switch body comprises: base portion (21), and it is for being arranged on substrate; Elasticity bellying (22), it bloats from said base portion, is driven by upper displacement member; Multiple moving contact portion (25), itself and the fixed contact portion (17) be configured on aforesaid substrate are relatively flexibly at least provided with 3 at above-mentioned elasticity bellying, connected state is become respectively by abutting with corresponding fixed contact portion, set the order that above-mentioned multiple moving contact portion goes at button to be communicated with in journey, button goes the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion in the moving contact portion be communicated with at first in journey to be greater than the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion than any one in the moving contact portion be communicated with thereafter.
Preferably go the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion in the moving contact portion be communicated with at first in journey to be greater than area (technical scheme 4) than the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion of any one in the moving contact portion be communicated with thereafter at button.Preferred button removes the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion in the moving contact portion of more late connection in journey less (technical scheme 5).
In addition, the Reference numeral in above-mentioned bracket illustrates.
Adopt technical scheme 1,2,3 of the present invention, switch motion stabilization can be sought, improve the accuracy of detection of key operation.
Adopt technical scheme 4, the moving contact portion be communicated with at first that stroke can be made large does not tilt and stably abuts with fixed contact portion, therefore having stable behavior.
Adopt technical scheme 5, switch body miniaturization more can be made.
Accompanying drawing explanation
(a) ~ (b) of Fig. 1 is the schematic side view being conceived to 1 key that apply the switch body of the 1st embodiment of the present invention, electric keyboard instrument.
(a) ~ (d) of Fig. 2 is longitudinal section and the rear view of the switch body of the 1st, the 2nd embodiment.
(a) ~ (e) of Fig. 3 is the configuration mode in the moving contact portion schematically shown in 1 switch body of variation and the figure being communicated with order.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described.
1st embodiment
(a) of Fig. 1 is the schematic side view being conceived to 1 key that apply the switch body of the 1st embodiment of the present invention, electric keyboard instrument.
This electric keyboard instrument is provided with substrate 12, key 10, control part 19, musical sound generating unit 9 and switch body SW.Key 10 comprises Bai Jian 10W and black key 10B, overall not shown, looks be arranged in parallel with multiple key 10 in left-right direction from player.The structure of key 10 is all identical, leading section (left part of (a) of Fig. 1) centered by the key fulcrum 11 at rear portion along the vertical direction the clockwise direction of (a) of Fig. 1 (and counterclockwise) swing (rotation) freely.The leading section of key 10 is applied in acting force upward all the time, and engages with not shown retainer under non-key-press status and be limited in the initial position shown in (a) of Fig. 1.When key 10 is pressed down leading section at initial position, leading section is displacement downwards.
Switch body SW configures on the substrate 12 accordingly with each key 10, is driven and be supplied in control part 19 by detection signal by corresponding key 10.Each keyboard instrument is provided with 1 control part 19 and 1 musical sound generating unit 9.Control part 19 comprises CPU(central processing unit), ROM(ROM (read-only memory)), RAM(random access memory), timer, memory storage and various interfaces etc., do not illustrate these parts one by one, CPU according to the program be stored in ROM to control the action of whole musical instrument.Musical sound generating unit 9 comprises sound source loop, effect circuit and audio system etc., does not illustrate these parts one by one, produces the sound according to the control undertaken by control part 19.In the present embodiment, the musical sound that the key 10 of button operation is corresponding has been produced with the carrying out detected by switch body SW.
In the present embodiment, the structure driven by key 10 exemplified with switch body SW, but the present invention is not limited thereto.As long as switch body SW utilizes the biasing member carrying out displacement under the effect of button operation to drive, this biasing member can be key 10 itself, also can be the component linked with key 10.Such as shown in (b) of Fig. 1, biasing member also can be weight 15.In addition, also sandwiched component can be provided with between key 10 and biasing member.
That is, in the example shown in (b) of Fig. 1, weight 15 is configured with accordingly in the below of key 10.Weight 15 is arranged with the amount corresponding with the quantity of key side by side along the orientation of key 10.Each weight 15 rotates freely along the clockwise direction of (b) of Fig. 1 and counter clockwise direction centered by weight fulcrum 14.Key fulcrum 11 is all the same with the position of the fore-and-aft direction of weight fulcrum 14.
The leading section of weight 15 and the leading section of key 10 utilize rotation axis 13 to be rotatably connected.Thus, corresponding weight 15 and the This move utilizing button operation, make key 10 rotate from key operation rotate in linkage.Mass concentration is in the rearward end of weight 15.In a free state, weight 15 configures along the clockwise direction of (b) of Fig. 1 key 10 with exerting a force.Utilize the quality that weight 15 has, inertial force is applied in button operation, obtains the button touch feeling as mechanical piano (acousticpiaon).Switch body SW is driven by the drive division 16 of weight 15.
Next, the structure of switch body SW is described.The structure of each switch body SW is identical, and therefore the structure of 1 switch body SW is described typically.The (a) and (b) of Fig. 2 are longitudinal section and the rear view of switch body SW.In the (a) and (b) of Fig. 2, the upside of figure is rear, i.e. the side at key fulcrum 11 place, and the downside of figure is player side (front).Below, also the length direction of key 10 is called fore-and-aft direction, the side at key fulcrum 11 place of looking from player is called rear.
What switch body SW adopted moving contact portion and fixed contact portion is combined as 3 point types of more than 3 (for a key, the sensor being used for detecting button operation is configured in the mode of the press operation position thereon of the key of 3) more than structure, in the example of (a) of Fig. 2, illustrate the structure of 3 point types.That is, switch body SW is 3 point type touch-responsive switches of the contact mistiming type utilizing the elastic components such as rubber to form integratedly.
As shown in the (a) and (b) of Fig. 2, switch body SW has base portion 21, and base portion 21 utilizes fixed installation wait operation and install on the substrate 12.Be formed in switch body SW from base portion 21 upward in the dome-shaped elasticity bellying 22 bloated.Elasticity bellying 22 has and extends and the skirt section 26 of easily elastic deformation from base portion 21.Key 10 abuts with the upper surface of elasticity bellying 22, when carrying out button operation, drives elasticity bellying 22 downwards.
Be provided with in the inner side of elasticity bellying 22 3 own elasticity bellyings 22 downwards (substrate 12 side) in dome-shaped moving contact portion 25(25A, 25B, 25C of bloating).Moving contact portion 25 in elasticity bellying 22 by skirt section 24(24A, 24B, 24C of easy elastic deformation) and elasticity connect, can be out of shape respectively.Be provided with the moving contact parallel with substrate 12 at the foot in each moving contact portion 25, these moving contacts are formed by conductive materials such as carbon inks (carbonink).
In addition, be equipped with fixed contact portion 17(17A, 17B, 17C of being made up of a pair comb-like electrode (detailed construction is not shown) at the upper surface of substrate 12), moving contact portion 25A, 25B, 25C are relative respectively with fixed contact portion 17A, 17B, 17C.
Under non-key-press status, the projecting height outstanding to substrate 12 side in moving contact portion 25 is moving contact portion 25A, 25C, 25B from high to low.That is, moving contact portion 25A is nearest apart from substrate 12.The surface relative with fixed contact portion 17 in moving contact portion 25 is circular.
Each moving contact portion 25 becomes connected state respectively by abutting with corresponding fixed contact portion 17.Here, moving contact portion 25 goes the order be communicated with in journey to be determined by the setting means of above-mentioned projecting height at button, be followed successively by moving contact portion 25A, 25C, 25B from the moving contact portion be communicated with at first.On the other hand, from key travel, from the moving contact portion disconnected at first, be followed successively by moving contact portion 25B, 25C, 25A.
The form that the musical sound undertaken by the connection in each moving contact portion 25, the detection signal of disconnection controls does not limit.As an example, go in journey at button, according to time setting key-press rate (velocity) of the connection of the moving contact portion that the is communicated to 25C from moving contact portion 25A, the connection of moving contact portion 25B is regarded as the trigger condition (trigger) of sounding.From in key travel, according to the time setting of the disconnection of the moving contact portion that the is disconnected to 25C of moving contact portion 25B from key speed, the disconnection of moving contact portion 25A is regarded as the trigger condition of noise elimination.
Here, at the position relationship of fore-and-aft direction, moving contact portion 25B be configured in first be communicated with than it between moving contact portion 25A and moving contact portion 25C.When employing goes to be communicated with such structure in the past successively from the moving contact portion of player side in journey at button, because switch body SW entirety is lengthwise shape, therefore along with laterally playing key etc. sideling, driving the horizontal power in midway to put on switch body SW, thus switch body SW is easily out of shape.As a result, in the stage of the actual connection in the moving contact portion be in the end communicated with, this moving contact portion is sometimes just not right with fixed contact portion, suitably can not abut with fixed contact portion.
But in the present embodiment, button to go in journey the last moving contact portion 25B be communicated with to be positioned at the position of middle, therefore moving contact portion 25B in front side, moving contact portion 25A, 25C of rear side are communicated with and the in stable condition stage is communicated with.Thus, the balanced condition of moving contact portion 25B, suitably can abut with fixed contact portion 17B.
In addition, button goes the area of the moving contact portion 25A be communicated with at first in journey (area on the surface relative with fixed contact portion 17A) to be set the area being greater than moving contact portion 25B, 25C.Accordingly in skirt section 24, skirt section 24A also designs larger than skirt section 24B, 24C.The stroke of the moving contact portion 25A be communicated with at first is longer, therefore with identical area and compared with the shorter moving contact portion of stroke, easily tilt in distortion midway, switch motion is easily unstable.But, set the area of moving contact portion 25A significantly, there is the effect making having stable behavior such.
Adopt present embodiment, owing to being configured between moving contact portion 25A, 25C by moving contact portion 25B, therefore, it is possible to seek switch motion stabilization, improve the accuracy of detection of key operation.
In addition, because button goes the area of the moving contact portion 25A be communicated with at first in journey to be greater than area than moving contact portion 25B, the 25C be communicated with thereafter, therefore also can seek switch motion stabilization from this point, improve the accuracy of detection of key operation.In addition, about the moving contact portion 25B of rear connection, 25C, owing to can the size of skirt section 24B, 24C be designed less than skirt section 24A, therefore need not maximize on ground, contribute to the miniaturization of switch body SW entirety.
2nd embodiment
(c), (d) of Fig. 2 is longitudinal section and the rear view of the switch body of the 2nd embodiment of the present invention, corresponding with the (a) and (b) of Fig. 2.
In the 1st embodiment, the moving contact portion 25 of switch body SW goes the order be communicated with in journey from the moving contact portion be communicated with at first, be followed successively by moving contact portion 25A, 25C, 25B at button.In contrast, in this 2nd embodiment, as shown in (c) of Fig. 2, be followed successively by moving contact portion 25B, 25A, 25C from the moving contact portion be communicated with at first.Putting in order of fore-and-aft direction is identical with the 1st embodiment.Other structures are identical with the 1st embodiment.
Thus, at the position relationship of fore-and-aft direction, the moving contact portion 25B be communicated with at first is configured in than the position between the moving contact portion 25A be communicated with thereafter and moving contact portion 25C.In addition, about the area in moving contact portion 25, the area of the moving contact portion 25B be communicated with at first is greater than the area than moving contact portion 25A, the 25C be communicated with thereafter.Accordingly skirt section 24B is designed larger than skirt section 24A, 24C.
Adopt present embodiment, because the moving contact portion 25B be communicated with at first is positioned at middle, therefore, it is possible to go to avoid balancing the load to be temporarily partial to player side or rear side in journey at button.That is, utilize abutting of moving contact portion 25B and fixed contact portion 17B to make the state of button midway become temporarily fixing such state, the switch motion in moving contact portion 25 subsequently and fixed contact portion 17 can be carried out exactly.Thus, when exerting oneself button, switch motion is also stable.In addition, button goes the area of the moving contact portion 25B be communicated with at first in journey to be greater than area than moving contact portion 25A, the 25C be communicated with thereafter.Therefore, seek switch motion stabilization, improve in the accuracy of detection of key operation and the miniaturization of switch body SW entirety, the effect identical with the 1st embodiment can be played.
In addition, in above-mentioned 1st, the 2nd embodiment, be the structure of 3 exemplified with moving contact portion 25.But the quantity in moving contact portion 25 also can be more than 4.In this case, from the view point of the stabilization of seeking switch motion, the position between at least 2 the moving contact portions being gone to by button in journey the last moving contact portion be communicated with to be configured in the moving contact portion be first communicated with than it.Or, button is gone the moving contact portion be communicated with at first in journey to be configured in than at least 2 moving contact portions in the moving contact portion be communicated with thereafter between position.That is, the moving contact portion be communicated with at first or finally is neither equivalent to moving contact portion foremost, does not configure with not also being equivalent to the moving contact portion of rearmost end.
" between position " mentioned here be the length direction of the shape of switch body SW position relationship between position.Thus, moving contact portion may not be arranged in a straight line shape.Such as, also can stagger along the longitudinal direction slightly in the position of the key orientation in each moving contact portion, can also be in zigzag configuration.
(a) ~ (e) of Fig. 3 is the configuration mode in the moving contact portion 25 schematically shown in 1 switch body SW and the figure being communicated with order.Moving contact portion 25 is configured on straight line along the longitudinal direction.In these figures, number table is shown in the order that button goes to be communicated with in journey, the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion 17 that size represents moving contact portion 25.
Such as, in the example shown in (a) of Fig. 3, as the last the 4th be communicated with moving contact portion 25 the 2nd be communicated with moving contact portion 25 with between the 3rd the moving contact portion 25 be communicated with.In addition, alternatively the 4th be communicated with moving contact portion 25 the 1st be communicated with moving contact portion 25 with between the 2nd the moving contact portion 25 be communicated with.In the example shown in (b) of Fig. 3, be positioned between the moving contact portion 25 that moving contact portion 25 that the 1st (or the 3rd) be communicated with is communicated with the 4th (or the 2nd) as the last the 5th the moving contact portion 25 be communicated with.
In addition, in the example shown in (c) of Fig. 3, between a moving contact portion 25 that the moving contact portion 25 that the moving contact portion 25 be communicated with is positioned at the 3rd connection is communicated with the 4th (or the 2nd), the 1st at first.In the example shown in (d) of Fig. 3, the 1st moving contact portion 25 be communicated with is positioned between the moving contact portion 25 that moving contact portion 25 that the 2nd (or the 4th) be communicated with is communicated with the 3rd (or the 5th).
In the example shown in (e) of Fig. 3, the 1st moving contact portion 25 be communicated with is positioned at moving contact portion 25 that the 2nd (or the 4th) be communicated with between the 3rd the moving contact portion 25 be communicated with.
In addition, in the respective embodiments described above, the area in other moving contact portions 25 of area ratio on the surface relative with fixed contact portion 17 in the moving contact portion 25 be communicated with at first is large.Also be represent like this in the example of (a) ~ (e) of Fig. 3.But also can design as follows as shown in (e) of Fig. 3, that is, go at button the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion 17 in the moving contact portion 25 of more late connection in journey less.Particularly in the example of (b) ~ (e) of Fig. 3, in the centre of fore-and-aft direction but not end, moving contact portion 25 is utilized to make the state of button midway become temporarily fixing such state with abutting of fixed contact portion 17, therefore, it is possible to the switch motion in the moving contact portion 25 carried out exactly subsequently and fixed contact portion 17.Thus, even if the area in the rear moving contact portion 25 be communicated with is less, also stable action can be guaranteed.In addition, because the stroke in the moving contact portion 25 making more late connection is shorter, therefore the size in skirt section 24 also can design to Min. with reducing.Designed by such, switch body miniaturization more can be made, suppress button to go the sharply rising of the reacting force of the second half section of journey, also can improve button touch feeling.

Claims (2)

1. a switch body for electric keyboard instrument, it is arranged accordingly with key, is driven, the operation of the key corresponding to detection by the biasing member utilizing button operation to carry out displacement, and upper displacement member is key itself or the component dynamic with binding, it is characterized in that,
This switch body comprises:
Base portion, it is for being arranged on substrate;
Elasticity bellying, it bloats from said base portion, is driven by upper displacement member;
Multiple moving contact portion, it is flexibly at least provided with 3 in the mode relative with the fixed contact portion be configured on aforesaid substrate at above-mentioned elasticity bellying, connected state is become respectively by abutting with corresponding fixed contact portion, described moving contact portion from the foot of described elasticity bellying be dome-shaped bloat and with described substrate-parallel
Set the order that above-mentioned multiple moving contact portion goes at button to be communicated with in journey, button go the moving contact portion be communicated with at first in journey to be configured in than at least 2 moving contact portions in the moving contact portion be communicated with thereafter between position,
Set the order that above-mentioned multiple moving contact portion goes at button to be communicated with in journey, button goes the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion in the moving contact portion be communicated with at first in journey to be greater than the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion than any one in the moving contact portion be communicated with thereafter.
2. the switch body of electric keyboard instrument according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Button goes the area on the surface relative with corresponding fixed contact portion in the moving contact portion of more late connection in journey less.
CN201210483551.9A 2010-09-09 2011-09-09 The switch body of electric keyboard instrument Expired - Fee Related CN103021392B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2010-201697 2010-09-09
JP2010201697A JP5771924B2 (en) 2010-09-09 2010-09-09 Electronic keyboard instrument switch body
CN2011102722386A CN102402976B (en) 2010-09-09 2011-09-09 Switch body of electronic keyboard instrument

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JP7346807B2 (en) * 2018-10-17 2023-09-20 カシオ計算機株式会社 Electronic keyboard instruments, methods and programs
CN209993339U (en) * 2019-05-07 2020-01-24 得理电子(上海)有限公司 Keyboard assembly

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JP5771924B2 (en) 2015-09-02
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CN102402976A (en) 2012-04-04
CN103021392A (en) 2013-04-03

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