CN103018096A - Coordination applying device and method for transient uniform distribution of thermal and mechanical loads - Google Patents
Coordination applying device and method for transient uniform distribution of thermal and mechanical loads Download PDFInfo
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- CN103018096A CN103018096A CN2012105287761A CN201210528776A CN103018096A CN 103018096 A CN103018096 A CN 103018096A CN 2012105287761 A CN2012105287761 A CN 2012105287761A CN 201210528776 A CN201210528776 A CN 201210528776A CN 103018096 A CN103018096 A CN 103018096A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of aviation strength tests, and particularly relates to a coordination applying device and a coordination applying method for transient uniform distribution of thermal and mechanical loads. The device comprises a load transmission device, a contact-type heater and an insulating blanket, wherein the load transmission device is manufactured by high-temperature resistant ceramics; and the contact-type heater comprises a heater strip and a high-temperature resistant ceramic casing. The method comprises the steps of placing the applying device on a test piece and applying mechanical load and thermal load to the test piece. According to the invention, the coordination applying for uniform distribution of thermal and mechanical loads is realized; and the contact-type heater transmits transient uniformly-distributed mechanical load to the upper surface of the test piece of a thermal protection structure while providing transient thermal load, and the applying for transient uniform distribution of thermal and mechanical loads is not influenced mutually, so that the thermal and mechanical loads borne on the upper surface of the test piece of the thermal protection structure is closer to the actual service status, as a result, the test precision is greatly improved, and the reliable design of the thermal protection structure is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aviation strength test field, particularly relate to the uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state and coordinate bringing device and method.
Background technology
Hypersonic science and technology is the commanding elevation of 21st century aerospace field, and the empty day aircraft of a new generation can be used as following commercial aircraft, realizes that the court of intercontinental travelling goes out late returning; Space shuttle can be the delivery vehicle that Future Outer Space exploitation provides more economical, a safer injection; Hypersonic Weapon has that penetration ability is strong, reaction fast, the ability of precision strike and maneuver warfare.The breakthrough of hypersonic science and technology will will produce significant impact to the development of a national science technology and national economy, the lifting of overall national strength.Therefore, entered since 21st century, a lot of countries that comprise China all to hypersonic aircraft development carried out input than great dynamics.Yet, when aircraft with hypersonic when flying in the endoatmosphere, its ambient air since friction, pressure change and speed blocked etc. former thereby occur heating up.High temperature air is transferred to aircraft to heat in modes such as convection heat transfer, heat conduction again, causes its body structure surface temperature to raise, i.e. so-called Aerodynamic Heating.Aircraft flight speed is higher, and the Aerodynamic Heating problem is more serious, and its surface temperature is also just higher.For example when aircraft take the temperature at the speed of Ma=8 its nose cone place during in 27 km high-altitude flight as 1793 ℃, the temperature of wing or empennage leading edge is up to 1455 ℃, other position temperature are relatively low but also all reached about 800 ℃.
In order to guarantee the safety of hypersonic aircraft, usually can lay the thermal protection structure array at its skin-surface.This thermal protection structure mainly plays heat-blocking action, makes the temperature control of aircraft bearing structure within the range of permission.For the thermal protection structure of monolithic, its outside surface is bearing time dependent uniform aerodynamic force, aerothermal load simultaneously in the process under arms.Therefore when the rationality of utilizing the design of research technique checking thermal protection structure, reliability, just need to accomplish as much as possible following some: the upper surface homogeneous heating of thermal protection structure testpieces, uniform force application (even distributed force); The upper surface heat of thermal protection structure testpieces applies simultaneously with power; Heat, mechanical loading that thermal protection structure testpieces upper surface applies can temporal evolutions.Only have and accomplished as much as possible above some guarantee thermal protection structure test mass, reflect heat safeguard structure heat/mechanical characteristics that test figure also could be authentic and valid.Yet the ground experiment verification method for thermal protection structure has two kinds at present: wind tunnel test and structure heat test.The former can point-device simulation thermal protection structure military service process in heat, the power stand under load situation on its surface, but experimentation cost is too high.The present way of the latter is by controlled radiant heating device---quartz lamp heater is realized the transient state heating of thermal protection structure testpieces upper surface, utilizes the transmission of a plurality of rigidity transmission rod realizable force load by the uniform aerodynamic force that bears in the actual military service process of thermal protection structure outside surface is converted as behind a plurality of concentrated forces, applies (see figure 1).This heat, power load applying problem are the not well simulations of uniform aerodynamic force, and easily cause problem of stress concentration, thereby might cause the in advance destruction of thermal protection structure testpieces.Simultaneously, the rigidity transmission rod also has larger impact to thermal protection structure testpieces outside surface homogeneous temperature field, thereby cause the thermal protection structure testpieces transient thermal response the measured thermal response feature in can not the actual military service process of reflect heat safeguard structure, cause the thermal protection structure test failure.So should heat, power load applying method easily causes " overtesting " or " undertesting " phenomenon, can not obtain thermal protection structure effectively heat, mechanical performance data.
Generally speaking, in present thermal protection structure test, can't effectively solve cheaply the collaborative problem that applies of the uniform heat of transient state, power load.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: provide a kind of uniform heat of thermal protection structure testpieces outside surface transient state, uniform heating power load of the collaborative transient state that applies of power load of realizing to coordinate bringing device and method.
Technical scheme: the uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state is coordinated bringing device, comprise load transfer means 1, direct contact heater 2 and heat insulation felt 3, described load transfer means 1 is made by refractory ceramics, and described direct contact heater 2 comprises heater strip 201 and refractory ceramics shell 202.
Described load transfer means 1 profile is the truncated rectangular pyramids structure, and the area of lower surface 101 is greater than the area of upper surface 102, and the area of lower surface 101 is not less than the area of the upper surface 401 of thermal protection structure testpieces 4.
Described heater strip 201 is resistance wire or resistor disc.
Described heat insulation felt 3 is high-temperature flexible High-Alumina fibrous material heat insulation felt.
Described direct contact heater 2 also comprises can regulating for one executes alive control device 203.
The uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state is coordinated applying method, uses device recited above, may further comprise the steps:
Preferably, the upper surface 102 by 5 pairs of load transfer means 1 of controlled pressurized strut applies concentrated force realization mechanics load applying in the step 5.
Beneficial effect: the uniform heat of the transient state that patent of the present invention provides, the collaborative bringing device of power load and method, in actual thermal protection structure test, the concentrated force that is provided by controlled pressurized strut 5, after load transfer means 1, heat insulation felt 3 and direct contact heater 2 transmission, be converted into even distributed force and be applied to thermal protection structure testpieces 4 outside surfaces 401.Simultaneously since the existence of direct contact heater 2 so that when applying even distributed force, do not affect the 401 homogeneous heating requirements of thermal protection structure testpieces 4 upper surfaces.Thereby finally realized collaborative the applying of the uniform heat of upper surface 401 transient states, power load of thermal protection structure testpieces 4, the validity of testing for thermal protection structure provides prerequisite.In general, compare the heat of traditional thermal protection structure testpieces 4 upper surfaces 401, mechanical loading bringing device and method, the present invention has realized uniform heat, mechanical loading is coordinated to apply, direct contact heater 2 is when providing thermal transient load, transmitted the uniform mechanical loading of transient state for the upper surface 401 of thermal protection structure testpieces 4, and the uniform heat of transient state, mechanical loading applies and is independent of each other, thereby so that the heat that thermal protection structure testpieces 4 upper surfaces 401 are subject to, mechanical loading is more near actual service state, thereby greatly improved test accuracy, for the thermal protection structure Reliable Design provides guarantee.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the collaborative bringing device of the uniform heat of upper surface 401 transient states, power load and the method for thermal protection structure testpieces 4 traditional in thermal protection structure test.
Fig. 2 is the collaborative bringing device of the uniform heating power load of upper surface 401 transient states that the present invention is directed to the thermal protection structure testpieces 4 of thermal protection structure test proposition.Wherein 1 is load transfer means, the 2nd, and direct contact heater, the 3rd, heat insulation felt, the 4th, thermal protection structure testpieces.
Fig. 3 is the exploded perspective view of Fig. 2.The 101st, the lower surface of load transfer means 1, the 102nd, the upper surface of load transfer means 1, the 204th, the upper surface of direct contact heater 2, the 205th, the lower surface of direct contact heater 2, the 301st, the upper surface of heat insulation felt 3, the 302nd, the lower surface of heat insulation felt 3, the 401st, the upper surface of thermal protection structure testpieces 4, the 402nd, the lower surface of thermal protection structure testpieces 4.
Fig. 4 is direct contact heater 2 schematic diagram.The 201st, the heater strip of direct contact heater 2, the 202nd, the ceramic package of direct contact heater 2, the 203rd, the control device of adjustment direct contact heater 2 operating voltage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done to describe in further detail, see also Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.
The uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state is coordinated bringing device, comprise load transfer means 1, direct contact heater 2 and heat insulation felt 3, described load transfer means 1 is made by refractory ceramics, and described direct contact heater 2 comprises heater strip 201 and refractory ceramics shell 202.Load transfer means 1 mainly is that the concentrated force that pressurized strut 5 applies is converted into required even distributed force.Direct contact heater 2 plays homogeneous heating on the one hand, on the other hand even distributed force is passed to the upper surface 401 of thermal protection structure testpieces 4.Heat insulation felt 3 mainly is the heat transferred load transfer means 1 of avoiding direct contact heater 2 to produce, guarantees that the working temperature of load transfer means 1 is in allowed band.
Described load transfer means 1 profile is the truncated rectangular pyramids structure, and the area of lower surface 101 is greater than the area of upper surface 102, and the area of lower surface 101 is not less than the area of the upper surface 401 of thermal protection structure testpieces 4.The truncated rectangular pyramids construction profile of load transfer means 1 on the one hand can make concentrated force better be converted into even distributed force, has also kept consistent with the square configuration of the upper surface 401 of thermal protection structure testpieces 4 on the other hand, thereby has been conducive to applying of uniform mechanical loading.The area that the area of load transfer means 1 lower surface 101 is not less than the upper surface 401 of thermal protection structure testpieces 4 mainly is in order to make the power that applies can finally be evenly distributed to all sites of the upper surface 401 of thermal protection structure testpieces 4.
Described heater strip 201 is resistance wire or resistor disc.Material is the larger refractory metal material of resistance, mainly plays heating functioin, and heat transferred refractory ceramics shell 202, thereby the upper surface 401 of thermal protection structure testpieces 4 is heated.
Described heat insulation felt 3 is high-temperature flexible High-Alumina fibrous material heat insulation felt.The upper surface 401 of shape, size and thermal protection structure testpieces 4 is consistent, and mainly is the heat transferred load transfer means 1 of avoiding direct contact heater 2 to produce, guarantees that the working temperature of load transfer means 1 is in allowed band.
Described direct contact heater 2 also comprises can regulating for one executes alive control device 203.Utilize this device can regulate direct contact heater 2 operating voltage, thereby send direct contact heater 2 overall thermal values elsewhere, finally realize the transient state heating of upper surface 401 requirements of safeguard structure testpieces 4.
The uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state is coordinated applying method, uses device recited above, may further comprise the steps:
Preferably, the upper surface 102 by 5 pairs of load transfer means 1 of controlled pressurized strut applies concentrated force realization mechanics load applying in the step 5.Apply the size of concentrated force by adjusting 5 pairs of load transfer means 1 upper surfaces 102 of moving cylinder, can finally realize the required transient state even distributed force load applying of thermal protection structure testpieces 4 upper surfaces 401.
Claims (7)
1. the uniform heating power load of transient state is coordinated bringing device, it is characterized in that, comprise load transfer means [1], direct contact heater [2] and heat insulation felt [3], described load transfer means [1] is made by refractory ceramics, and described direct contact heater [2] comprises heater strip [201] and refractory ceramics shell [202].
2. the uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state according to claim 1 is coordinated bringing device, it is characterized in that, described load transfer means [1] profile is the truncated rectangular pyramids structure, the area of lower surface [101] is greater than the area of upper surface [102], and the area of lower surface [101] is not less than the area of the upper surface [401] of thermal protection structure testpieces [4].
3. the uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state according to claim 2 is coordinated bringing device, it is characterized in that, described heater strip [201] is resistance wire or resistor disc.
4. the uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state according to claim 3 is coordinated bringing device, it is characterized in that, described heat insulation felt [3] is high-temperature flexible High-Alumina fibrous material heat insulation felt.
5. the uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state according to claim 4 is coordinated bringing device, it is characterized in that, described direct contact heater [2] also comprises can regulating for one executes alive control device [203].
6. the uniform heating power load of transient state is coordinated applying method, uses the described device of claim 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, place thermal protection structure testpieces [4] according to heat exchange feature in the actual military service process of thermal protection structure testpieces [4] lower surface [402], stand under load feature;
Step 2, direct contact heater [2] is placed into the upper surface [401] of thermal protection structure testpieces [4], and so that direct contact heater [2] covers the upper surface 4[01 of thermal protection structure testpieces [4]], guarantee tight sturdy contact of direct contact heater [2] and the upper surface [401] of thermal protection structure testpieces [4];
Step 3, heat insulation felt [3] is placed into the upper surface [204] of direct contact heater [2], and so that heat insulation felt [3] covers the upper surface [204] of direct contact heater [2], guarantee tight sturdy contact of heat insulation felt [3] and the upper surface [204] of direct contact heater [2];
Step 4, load transfer means 1 is placed on heat insulation felt [3] upper surface [301], and so that the lower surface [101] of load transfer means [1] covers the upper surface [301] of heat insulation felt [3], guarantee tight sturdy contact of load transfer means [1] and the upper surface [301] of heat insulation felt [3];
Step 5, simultaneously the upper surface [401] of thermal protection structure testpieces [4] applied mechanical loading and calorifics load: direct contact heater [2] energising realizes applying of calorifics load, and the upper surface [102] in load transfer means [1] applies concentrated force and realizes applying of mechanical loading.
7. the uniform heating power load of a kind of transient state according to claim 6 is coordinated applying method, by pressurized strut [5] upper surface [102] of load transfer means [1] is applied concentrated force realization mechanics load applying in the step 5.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104697862A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Thermo-mechanical coupling loading method for thermal strength tests |
| RU2593520C1 (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-08-10 | Евгений Васильевич Лодус | Thermal loading device to bench for testing samples of materials |
| CN109540692A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-29 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Transient high temperature big overload heating power composite test device |
| CN109613052A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of hot loading device of structural test |
| RU2801780C1 (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-08-15 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский горный университет" | Stand for thermomechanical testing of samples of materials |
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| US2909057A (en) * | 1957-02-25 | 1959-10-20 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Aerodynamic heating and loading simulator |
| CN102721612A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | High temperature-distributed load thermal strength test device for plane structure of high-speed missile aerobat |
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2012
- 2012-12-10 CN CN2012105287761A patent/CN103018096A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
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| US2909057A (en) * | 1957-02-25 | 1959-10-20 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Aerodynamic heating and loading simulator |
| CN102721612A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | High temperature-distributed load thermal strength test device for plane structure of high-speed missile aerobat |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104697862A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2015-06-10 | 中国飞机强度研究所 | Thermo-mechanical coupling loading method for thermal strength tests |
| RU2593520C1 (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2016-08-10 | Евгений Васильевич Лодус | Thermal loading device to bench for testing samples of materials |
| CN109613052A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-04-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of hot loading device of structural test |
| CN109613052B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2022-02-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Heat loading device for structural test |
| CN109540692A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-29 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Transient high temperature big overload heating power composite test device |
| CN109540692B (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2023-09-19 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Transient high-temperature large overload thermal composite test device |
| RU2801780C1 (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-08-15 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский горный университет" | Stand for thermomechanical testing of samples of materials |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |