CN103012636A - Halogen-free black material flame retardant polystyrene composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Halogen-free black material flame retardant polystyrene composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a halogen-free black material flame retardant polystyrene composite material and a preparation method of the polystyrene composite material, and belongs to the field of organic/inorganic composite materials. As graphite has a very strong steric hindrance effect, suspension polymerization of styrene is badly affected with the increase of the use amount of graphite. The commonly adopted one-step method can enable the additive amount of expanded graphite to be increased by 5-10 percent to the highest degree, while through adopting the method, the additive amount of expanded graphite can be increased by 10-20 percent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly dividing a reacted styrene monomer into two systems for polymerization; adding polystyrene to the pre-polymerized system at the same time, so as to improve the viscosity of styrene in the pre-polymerized system and enable the expanded graphite to be dispersed well in styrene; adding different amounts of initiator aiming at different systems at the same time, so as to enable the respective systems to be well polymerized at the earlier stage; and finally combining the two systems into a whole to perform suspension polymerization, so that the polystyrene particles with centralized particle size distribution and excellent flame retardant performance are prepared.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the organic/inorganic composite material field, relate to the black material of a kind of Halogen Flameproof styrenic composite manufacture method.
Background technology
In recent years, in building material field, the energy-saving and environmental protection problem causes that people pay close attention to more and more.Polystyrene (PS) porous plastics, a kind of as heat-insulating material, thus can prevent energy loss by the hot-fluid that reduces between the cold and hot zone, demonstrated fully the advantage of its energy-conservation aspect.From environmental angle, it be in numerous porous plastics unique a kind of can be without the porous plastics of freonll-11 foaming, and the saturated hydrocarbon of available relative environmental protection (such as pentane), carbonic acid gas or water foam as whipping agent, thereby can the environmental pollution problem.In addition, the PS porous plastics is easy to dissolving, pulverizes, and can reclaim and reproduce, and has also further reduced waste.Therefore, the use of PS porous plastics in building field presented the trend that grows with each passing day, and all is widely used in the building slabs such as room item, wall, cellar, pipeline.Discharge a large amount of smog when the inflammableness of polystyrene (PS) porous plastics and burning, limited its range of application as lagging material.Giving the PS porous plastics certain flame retardant resistance, is the key of head it off.
Owing to the environmental protection reason, the use of halogen should reduce in the polystyrene plastic.Halogen-free flameproof is a kind of development trend of flame retardant area,
Summary of the invention
For domestic the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide the preparation method of the black material of a kind of halogen-free flameproof vinylbenzene.This matrix material can be processed into the halogen-free high flame-retardant type foaming plate that fire-protection rating is B and C.
The present invention specifically can realize by following technical solution:
The present invention
The black material of a kind of Halogen fire retardant polystyrene matrix material, made by the raw material of following massfraction:
100 parts of vinylbenzene,
Expansible black lead 10-20 part,
Benzoyl peroxide 0.8-1.2 part,
Initiator 0.3-0.5 part,
Calcium phosphate powder 1.2-2.0 part,
Gelatin 1.5-2.5 part,
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.004-0.012 part,
Polystyrene 5-20 part,
Polyethylene wax 0.2-0.4 part.
Natural flaky graphite is comprised of a lot of laminar nano sheets among the present invention, has typical laminate structure, because the specific physical character of graphite, easily reunite and be difficult to Uniform Dispersion in polymeric matrix, not only affected the mechanical property of polymkeric substance, make simultaneously the high-performance of graphite be difficult to performance, thereby, greatly limited its range of application.Simultaneously, graphite surface has certain benzoquinones and quinoid inhibition group, and polyreaction is had certain inhibition effect. and this just requires, before reaction, graphite is carried out surface treatment, make graphite that good dispersiveness be arranged in styrene monomer, finally obtain graphite/granules of polystyrene.Expansible black lead size 50-500 order, preferred 200-400 order.The expansible black lead addition is the 5-50% of styrene monomer quality, preferred 5-20%.
Wherein the treatment process of expansible black lead is carried out according to following step:
(1) 100 part of expansible black lead adds 10 parts of NaOH, 90 parts of deionized waters, boil 30min after, be washed till neutrality with deionized water.
(2) in above-mentioned expansible black lead, add 10 parts of HNO
3, 90 parts of deionized waters, boil 30min after, be washed till neutrality with deionized water.
(3) in above-mentioned expansible black lead, add 10 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 1 part of deionized water, 0.5 part of Silane coupling agent KH550 boils 30min under 90 ℃.
(4) put into baking oven, dry for standby.
Used initiator is superoxide, and dicumyl peroxide is arranged, benzoyl peroxide formic acid tertiary butyl ester, and the one or more combination in the dibenzoyl peroxide, initiator amount is the 0.9-1.5% of styrene monomer weight.
Suspension polymerization dispersion agent commonly used has the Polyvinylpyrolidone (PVP) of organic, hydroxypropylcellulose, polyacrylic acid, polyoxyethylene glycol, gelatin, the Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate of mineral-type, calcium phosphate powder, tricalcium phosphate, sal epsom and sodium phosphate.
Prepare the method for the black material of above-mentioned Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle, carry out according to following steps:
(1) preparation suspension polymerization system: add 100 parts of deionized waters in the reactor, add successively 1.2-2.0 part calcium phosphate powder, 1.5-2.5 part gelatin, 0.004-0.012 part Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stir.Get again 40-60 part vinylbenzene, add 0.4-0.6 part benzoyl peroxide, 0.1-0.3 part dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, pour in the above-mentioned suspension, be warming up to 90 ℃, under 300 rev/mins of rotating speeds, stir, carry out suspension polymerization.
(2) preparation prepolymerization system: get residue part vinylbenzene, add 5-20 part polystyrene, 0.2-0.4 part polyethylene wax, 10-20 part 200-500 order is processed expansible black lead and is stirred, then add 0.4-0.6 part benzoyl peroxide, 0.2-0.4 part dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, be warming up to 85 ℃ and carry out pre-polymerization, after pre-polymerization for some time, obtain vinylbenzene/expansible black lead performed polymer.
(3) behind the suspension polymerization system polymerization 100min, in suspension, pour the above-mentioned vinylbenzene for preparing/expansible black lead performed polymer into; Evenly mix, after the constant temperature suspension polymerization in 4 hours, obtain having the granules of polystyrene of a certain size distribution.
(4) last, elimination moisture cleans up with deionized water, obtains the black material of Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle.
The method, the beginning styrene monomer is divided into two, and wherein in the suspension polymerization system, styrene content accounts for the vinylbenzene gross weight and accounts for 40-60%.
The method, the beginning styrene monomer is divided into two, and wherein in the prepolymerization system, styrene content accounts for the vinylbenzene gross weight and accounts for 40-60%.80-90 ℃ of pre-polymerization temperature, the pre-polymerization time is 40min-70min.
The method, suspension system and prepolymerization system be after each auto-polymerization for some time, after the time that adds another part vinylbenzene/expansible black lead performed polymer in the styrene suspension polymerization system is suspension system polymerization 90min-150min.
This composite particles obtains in aqueous phase suspension polymerization, and the weight of water accounts for 50-70% in the system.
The suspension agent that present method adopts is inorganic/organic composite system, and raw materials used is one or more combination of above-mentioned suspension agent, and consumption is the 0.01-2.5% of styrene monomer quality.
Adopt aforesaid method, have the following advantages:
Because graphite has very strong steric hindrance, along with the increase of graphite consumption, polymerization has a negative impact to styrene suspension.Usually the single stage method that adopts, the highest addition of expanded graphite that makes can be accomplished 5-10%.And by adopting present method, can make the addition of expanded graphite be increased to 10-20%.Present method is divided into two to the styrene monomer of reaction first, is divided into two individual system and carries out polymerization, adds polystyrene simultaneously in prepolymerization system, to improve cinnamic viscosity in the prepolymerization system, makes expansible black lead can access fabulous dispersion in vinylbenzene.For different systems, add the initiator of different amounts simultaneously, making separately, system can both obtain good polymerization in early stage.Again two individual system are united two into one at last, carry out suspension polymerization, make, centralized particle diameter, the vinylbenzene particle of flame retardant properties excellence.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the granules of polystyrene of 10% expansible black lead;
Fig. 2 is the granules of polystyrene of 15% expansible black lead;
Fig. 3 is the granules of polystyrene of 20% expansible black lead.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, to the present invention be further elaborated (wherein all umbers are all mass fraction as without special mark).
The treatment process of expansible black lead among the embodiment wherein, carry out according to following step:
(1) 100 part of expansible black lead adds 10 parts of NaOH, 90 parts of deionized waters, boil 30min after, be washed till neutrality with deionized water.
(2) in above-mentioned expansible black lead, add 10 parts of HNO
3, 90 parts of deionized waters, boil 30min after, be washed till neutrality with deionized water.
(3) in above-mentioned expansible black lead, add 10 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 1 part of deionized water, 0.5 part of Silane coupling agent KH550 boils 30min under 90 ℃.
(4) put into baking oven, dry for standby.
Embodiment 1
100 parts of vinylbenzene, 200 orders are processed 10 parts of expansible black leads, 0.8 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.3 part of dicumyl peroxide, 1.2 parts of calcium phosphate powders, 1.5 parts in gelatin, 0.004 part of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 5 parts of polystyrene, 0.3 part of polyethylene wax
Prepare the method for the black material of above-mentioned Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation suspension polymerization system.Add 100 parts of deionized waters in the reactor, add successively 1.2 parts of calcium phosphate powders, 1.5 parts of gelatin, 0.004 part of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stir.Get again 50 parts of vinylbenzene, add 0.4 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.2 part of dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, pour in the above-mentioned suspension, be warming up to 90 ℃, under 300 rev/mins of rotating speeds, stir, carry out suspension polymerization.
(2) preparation prepolymerization system.Get 50 parts of vinylbenzene, add 5 parts of polystyrene, 0.3 part polyethylene wax, 5 part of 200 order processed expansible black lead and stirred, then add 0.4 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.1 part of dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, be warming up to 85 ℃ and carry out pre-polymerization, after pre-polymerization for some time, obtain vinylbenzene/expansible black lead performed polymer.
(3) behind the suspension polymerization system polymerization 100min, in suspension, pour the above-mentioned vinylbenzene for preparing/expansible black lead performed polymer into.Evenly mix, after the constant temperature suspension polymerization in 4 hours, obtain having the granules of polystyrene of a certain size distribution.
(4) last, elimination moisture cleans up with deionized water, obtains the black material of Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle.
Embodiment 2
100 parts of vinylbenzene, 400 orders are processed 20 parts of expansible black leads, 1.2 parts of benzoyl peroxides, 0.5 part of dicumyl peroxide, 2.0 parts of calcium phosphate powders, 2.5 parts in gelatin, 0.012 part of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 10 parts of polystyrene, 0.4 part of polyethylene wax
Prepare the method for the black material of above-mentioned Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation suspension polymerization system.Add 100 parts of deionized waters in the reactor, add successively 2.0 parts of calcium phosphate powders, 2.5 parts of gelatin, 0.012 part of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stir.Get again 50 parts of vinylbenzene, add 0.4 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.4 part of dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, pour in the above-mentioned suspension, be warming up to 90 ℃, under 500 rev/mins of rotating speeds, stir, carry out suspension polymerization.
(2) preparation prepolymerization system.Get 50 parts of vinylbenzene, add 10 parts of polystyrene, 0.4 part polyethylene wax, 20 part of 400 order processed expansible black lead and stirred, then add 0.8 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.1 part of dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, be warming up to 85 ℃ and carry out pre-polymerization, after pre-polymerization for some time, obtain vinylbenzene/expansible black lead performed polymer.
(3) behind the suspension polymerization system polymerization 100min, in suspension, pour the above-mentioned vinylbenzene for preparing/expansible black lead performed polymer into.Evenly mix, after the constant temperature suspension polymerization in 6 hours, obtain having the granules of polystyrene of a certain size distribution.
(4) last, elimination moisture cleans up with deionized water, obtains the black material of Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle.
Embodiment 3
100 parts of vinylbenzene, 300 orders are processed 15 parts of expansible black leads, 1 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.4 part of dicumyl peroxide, 1.5 parts of calcium phosphate powders, 1.8 parts in gelatin, 0.008 part of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, 8 parts of polystyrene, 0.3 part of polyethylene wax
Prepare the method for the black material of above-mentioned Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preparation suspension polymerization system.Add 100 parts of deionized waters in the reactor, add successively 1.5 parts of calcium phosphate powders, 1.8 parts of gelatin, 0.008 part of Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stir.Get again 50 parts of vinylbenzene, add 0.2 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.1 part of dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, pour in the above-mentioned suspension, be warming up to 90 ℃, under 400 rev/mins of rotating speeds, stir, carry out suspension polymerization.
(2) preparation prepolymerization system.Get 50 parts of vinylbenzene, add 8 parts of polystyrene, 0.3 part polyethylene wax, 15 part of 300 order processed expansible black lead and stirred, then add 0.8 part of benzoyl peroxide, 0.3 part of dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, be warming up to 85 ℃ and carry out pre-polymerization, after pre-polymerization for some time, obtain vinylbenzene/expansible black lead performed polymer.
(3) behind the suspension polymerization system polymerization 100min, in suspension, pour the above-mentioned vinylbenzene for preparing/expansible black lead performed polymer into.Evenly mix, after the constant temperature suspension polymerization in 5 hours, obtain having the granules of polystyrene of a certain size distribution.
(4) last, elimination moisture cleans up with deionized water, obtains the black material of Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle.
Fig. 1 is the granules of polystyrene of 10% expansible black lead; Fig. 2 is the granules of polystyrene of 15% expansible black lead;
Fig. 3 is the granules of polystyrene of 20% expansible black lead.Can find out from Fig. 1-3, along with the increase of content of graphite in the polystyrene, it is more even that graphite disperses, and the blackness of synthetic granules of polystyrene increases gradually.
The polystyrene performance test of adopting aforesaid method to make is as follows:
As can be seen from the above table, along with the increase of expansible black lead addition, the flame retardant properties of polystyrene improves gradually, and when addition reached 20%, oxygen index was increased to 30.2. from 18.5.Fire-protection rating is from the inflammable B level of bringing up to.
Claims (7)
1. a Halogen is deceived material fire retardant polystyrene matrix material, it is characterized in that being made by the raw material of following massfraction:
100 parts of vinylbenzene,
Expansible black lead 10-20 part,
Benzoyl peroxide 0.8-1.2 part,
Initiator 0.3-0.5 part,
Calcium phosphate powder 1.2-2.0 part,
Gelatin 1.5-2.5 part,
Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate 0.004-0.012 part,
Polystyrene 5-20 part,
Polyethylene wax 0.2-0.4 part.
2. a kind of Halogen according to claim 1 is deceived material fire retardant polystyrene matrix material, it is characterized in that used initiator is dicumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide formic acid tertiary butyl ester, one or more combination in the dibenzoyl peroxide, initiator amount are the 0.9-1.5% of styrene monomer weight.
3. the black material of a kind of Halogen according to claim 1 fire retardant polystyrene matrix material is characterized in that wherein said expansible black lead, processes according to following step:
(1) 100 part of expansible black lead adds 10 parts of NaOH, 90 parts of deionized waters, boil 30min after, be washed till neutrality with deionized water;
(2) in above-mentioned expansible black lead, add 10 parts of HNO
3, 90 parts of deionized waters, boil 30min after, be washed till neutrality with deionized water;
(3) in above-mentioned expansible black lead, add 10 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 1 part of deionized water, 0.5 part of Silane coupling agent KH550 boils 30min under 90 ℃;
(4) put into baking oven, dry for standby.
4. a kind of Halogen claimed in claim 1 is deceived material fire retardant polystyrene composite manufacture method, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following steps:
(1) preparation suspension polymerization system: add 100 parts of deionized waters in the reactor, add successively 1.2-2.0 part calcium phosphate powder, 1.5-2.5 part gelatin, 0.004-0.012 part Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stir;
Get again 40-60 part vinylbenzene, add 0.4-0.6 part benzoyl peroxide, 0.1-0.3 part dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, pour in the above-mentioned suspension, be warming up to 90 ℃, under 300 rev/mins of rotating speeds, stir, carry out suspension polymerization;
(2) preparation prepolymerization system: get residue part vinylbenzene, add 5-20 part polystyrene, 0.2-0.4 part polyethylene wax, 10-20 part 200-500 order is processed expansible black lead and is stirred, then add 0.4-0.6 part benzoyl peroxide, 0.2-0.4 part dicumyl peroxide, after stirring, be warming up to 85 ℃ and carry out pre-polymerization, after pre-polymerization for some time, obtain vinylbenzene/expansible black lead performed polymer;
(3) behind the suspension polymerization system polymerization 100min, in suspension, pour the above-mentioned vinylbenzene for preparing/expansible black lead performed polymer into; Evenly mix, after the constant temperature suspension polymerization in 4 hours, obtain having the granules of polystyrene of a certain size distribution;
(4) last, elimination moisture cleans up with deionized water, obtains the black material of Halogen Flameproof styrenic particle.
5. the black material of a kind of Halogen according to claim 4 fire retardant polystyrene composite manufacture method is characterized in that the method, and the beginning styrene monomer is divided into two, and wherein in the suspension polymerization system, styrene content accounts for the vinylbenzene gross weight and accounts for 40-60%.
6. the black material of a kind of Halogen according to claim 4 fire retardant polystyrene composite manufacture method is characterized in that the method, and the beginning styrene monomer is divided into two, and wherein in the prepolymerization system, styrene content accounts for the vinylbenzene gross weight and accounts for 40-60%; 80-90 ℃ of pre-polymerization temperature, the pre-polymerization time is 40min-70min.
7. a kind of Halogen according to claim 4 is deceived material fire retardant polystyrene composite manufacture method, it is characterized in that the method, suspension system and prepolymerization system be after each auto-polymerization for some time, after the time that adds another part vinylbenzene/expansible black lead performed polymer in the styrene suspension polymerization system is suspension system polymerization 90min-150min.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105295215A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏业达鑫化工有限公司 | Preparation method for bead-shaped black polystyrene particles |
| CN105295085A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 苗鹏 | Preparation method of flame-resistant expandable polystyrene bead with low thermal conductivity |
| CN111635471A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-08 | 北京理工大学 | Flame-retardant polystyrene resin and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114133675A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 无锡格利斯环保科技有限公司 | Polystyrene foam material with good flame retardance and preparation process thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102587607A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Fireproof and flame-retarding type composite heat-insulation decorating plate for outer wall and preparation method of fireproof and flame-retarding type composite heat-insulation decorating plate |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102587607A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-07-18 | 武汉理工大学 | Fireproof and flame-retarding type composite heat-insulation decorating plate for outer wall and preparation method of fireproof and flame-retarding type composite heat-insulation decorating plate |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105295215A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏业达鑫化工有限公司 | Preparation method for bead-shaped black polystyrene particles |
| CN105295085A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 苗鹏 | Preparation method of flame-resistant expandable polystyrene bead with low thermal conductivity |
| CN111635471A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-08 | 北京理工大学 | Flame-retardant polystyrene resin and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114133675A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-04 | 无锡格利斯环保科技有限公司 | Polystyrene foam material with good flame retardance and preparation process thereof |
| CN114133675B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2024-02-06 | 无锡格利斯环保科技有限公司 | Polystyrene foam material with good flame retardance and preparation process thereof |
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