CN103012112A - Method for preparing lactic acid through hydrolysis of alpha-chloropropionic acid - Google Patents
Method for preparing lactic acid through hydrolysis of alpha-chloropropionic acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN103012112A CN103012112A CN2012105179945A CN201210517994A CN103012112A CN 103012112 A CN103012112 A CN 103012112A CN 2012105179945 A CN2012105179945 A CN 2012105179945A CN 201210517994 A CN201210517994 A CN 201210517994A CN 103012112 A CN103012112 A CN 103012112A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparing a lactic acid by using a chemical synthesis method, and relates to a method for preparing a lactic acid through hydrolysis of an alpha-chloropropionic acid under the condition of base catalysis. According to the invention, the lactic acid is prepared by taking an alpha-chloropropionic acid as a raw material at normal pressure through carrying out high-temperature hydrolysis reaction on the alpha-chloropropionic acid in a reaction kettle under the action of a solid basic catalyst. The basic catalyst comprises an alkali metal carbonate and an alkaline-earth metal oxide selected from one of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate, cesium carbonate, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide or barium oxide; and under the conditions that the reaction temperature is 80-180 DEG C, the reaction time is 40-240 min, the mole ratio of the alpha-chloropropionic acid to deionized water is 1:20, and the mole ratio of the alpha-chloropropionic acid to the solid basic catalyst is 1: (0.4-1), the final conversion rate of the alpha-chloropropionic acid is 70-100%, and the selectivity of the lactic acid product is 89-100%. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the catalyst is cheap in price, high in activity, high in reaction rate and high in lactic acid selectivity, the technological process is safe and environmental-friendly, and the like; and industrial production can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemosynthesis and prepare the lactic acid technical field, relate to the method that a kind of α-chloro-propionicacid hydrolysis prepares lactic acid.
Background technology
Lactic acid is one of three large organic acids of generally acknowledging in the world, extensively is present among the metabolism of human body, animal and microorganism, also is present in all respects of people's life.The every field such as lactic acid and its esters and derivative are mainly used in catering industry, brewage, leather, cigarette, medicine, industry, beauty treatment, agricultural, printing and dyeing, what is more important lactic acid is the raw material of production Green Chemistry material poly(lactic acid).Poly(lactic acid) has wide development and application prospect because its biodegradability and excellent physical and chemical performance are the environment-friendly type macromolecule materials of future ideality.At present, both at home and abroad to the demand of lactic acid in continuous increase.
The method of present industrial production lactic acid mainly is amylo process and chemical synthesis.Fermentation method is simple because of its technique, raw material is sufficient, and development is morning and ripe, accounts for more than 70% of lactic acid-producing, but amylo process exists can not serialization production, the problems such as raw material consumption is large, energy consumption is high, unstable product quality, and domestic fermented quality does not reach international standard.Chemical synthesis prepares lactic acid lactonitrile method, vinyl cyanide method, propionic acid method, propylene method etc., is used for industrial only lactonitrile method and vinyl cyanide method.Chemical synthesis can be produced continuously, production cost is low, energy consumption is low, but owing to adopted the materials such as prussic acid of acetaldehyde and severe toxicity in the raw material, has larger pollution and produce dangerous.
Along with the continuous increase of lactic acid demand and the shortage of biological raw material, the lactic acid of fermentation method preparation does not far reach the demand in market, seeks a kind of efficient chemical synthesis, and the application prospect take some low-molecular-weight materials as waste lactic acid is quite wide.α-chloro-propionicacid is hydrolyzed preparation lactic acid under basic catalyst catalysis, reaction yield is high, speed is fast, selectivity is high, safety and environmental protection.Therefore, this technology has important economic implications and social benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of α-chloro-propionicacid alkali catalyzed hydrolysis to prepare the method for lactic acid.
Technical scheme disclosed in this invention, be under the normal pressure take α-chloro-propionicacid as raw material, under the solid basic catalyst effect, in reactor, be prepared from through high-temperature hydrolysis.
In the more excellent open example of the present invention, the mol ratio of α-chloro-propionicacid and deionized water is 1:20 in the described hydrolysis reaction.
In the more excellent open example of the present invention, described hydrolysis reaction is to carry out under 80 ~ 180 ℃ of temperature.
In the more excellent open example of the present invention, the time of described hydrolysis reaction is 40 ~ 240min.
In the more excellent open example of the present invention, the mol ratio of α-chloro-propionicacid and solid basic catalyst is 1:0.4 ~ 1 in the described hydrolysis reaction.
In the more excellent open example of the present invention, described hydrolysis reaction is to carry out in reactor, and passes into N
2With the air in the replacement reaction kettle.
In the more excellent open example of the present invention, described solid basic catalyst is any in salt of wormwood, yellow soda ash, Quilonum Retard, cesium carbonate, calcium oxide, barium oxide or the magnesium oxide.
The chemical equation of α-chloro-propionicacid alkali catalyzed hydrolysis process is as follows:
Agents useful for same of the present invention is analytical pure, and is commercially available.
The separation and purification of products step is as follows: after reaction finishes, add an amount of sulfuric acid and carry out acidifying in lactic acid salt and lactic acid mixed solution, with amine extractant extraction souring soln, generate the load solvent again, at last with water solvent reextraction load solvent, generate purified lactic acid solution.
Liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling, and the high performance liquid chromatography testing process is as follows: chromatographic column is Agilent C18 post, and moving phase is acetonitrile: water (phosphoric acid buffer)=20:80 (pH=2.0), and the ultraviolet detection wavelength is 210nm, sample size is 20ul.
Beneficial effect
The present invention has realized the highly selective conversion of α-chloro-propionicacid to lactic acid by base catalyzed reactions, and the selectivity of lactic acid is 89 ~ 100%, and the transformation efficiency of α-chloro-propionicacid is 70 ~ 100%.Distinguishing feature of the present invention is the catalyzer low price, and catalytic activity is high, and product yield is high, the good and reaction process environmental protection of selectivity.
The implementation example
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the implementation example, so that those skilled in the art understand the present invention better, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1
Taking by weighing 0.04mol salt of wormwood, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 80%, the selectivity 92% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 2
Taking by weighing 0.1mol salt of wormwood, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 180 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 40min; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 86%, the selectivity 95% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 3
Taking by weighing 0.04mol yellow soda ash, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 95%, the selectivity 100% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 4
Taking by weighing 0.1mol yellow soda ash, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 180 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 40min; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 100%, the selectivity 95% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 5
Taking by weighing 0.04mol calcium oxide, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 80%, the selectivity 94% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 6
Taking by weighing 0.1mol calcium oxide, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 180 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 40min; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 83%, the selectivity 90% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 7
Taking by weighing 0.04mol magnesium oxide, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 70%, the selectivity 89% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 8
Taking by weighing 0.1mol magnesium oxide, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 180 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 40min; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 74%, the selectivity 97% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 9
Taking by weighing 0.04mol Quilonum Retard, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 82%, the selectivity 93% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 10
Taking by weighing 0.1mol cesium carbonate, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 95%, the selectivity 95% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 11
Taking by weighing 0.1mol barium oxide, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 75%, the selectivity 91% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 12
Taking by weighing 0.5mol calcium oxide, 0.5mol magnesium oxide, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 77%, the selectivity 89% of lactic acid.
Embodiment 13
Taking by weighing 0.5mol yellow soda ash, 0.5mol salt of wormwood, 0.1mol α-chloro-propionicacid, 2mol deionized water joins in the 250mL reactor; Pass into nitrogen 10min, abundant replacement reaction kettle Air is warming up to 80 ℃ and keep constant temperature gradually, keeps stirring in the reaction process, reaction 4h; When reaction finishes, reactor is cooled to about 30 ℃, liquid chromatographic detection is carried out in sampling.Analysis draws, α-chloro-propionicacid transformation efficiency 90%, the selectivity 94% of lactic acid.
Claims (7)
1. a α-chloro-propionicacid is hydrolyzed the method for preparing lactic acid, it is characterized in that, take α-chloro-propionicacid as raw material, under the solid basic catalyst effect, is prepared from through high-temperature hydrolysis in reactor under the normal pressure.
2. α-chloro-propionicacid hydrolysis according to claim 1 prepares the method for lactic acid, it is characterized in that the mol ratio of α-chloro-propionicacid and deionized water is 1:20 in the described hydrolysis reaction.
3. α-chloro-propionicacid according to claim 1 hydrolysis prepares the method for lactic acid, it is characterized in that, described hydrolysis reaction is to carry out under 80 ~ 180 ℃ of temperature.
4. α-chloro-propionicacid hydrolysis according to claim 1 prepares the method for lactic acid, it is characterized in that the time of described hydrolysis reaction is 40 ~ 240 min.
5. α-chloro-propionicacid hydrolysis according to claim 1 prepares the method for lactic acid, it is characterized in that the mol ratio of α-chloro-propionicacid and solid basic catalyst is 1:0.4 ~ 1 in the described hydrolysis reaction.
6. α-chloro-propionicacid hydrolysis according to claim 1 prepares the method for lactic acid, it is characterized in that described hydrolysis reaction is to carry out in reactor, and passes into N
2With the air in the replacement reaction kettle.
7. α-chloro-propionicacid hydrolysis according to claim 1 prepares the method for lactic acid, it is characterized in that described solid basic catalyst is any in salt of wormwood, yellow soda ash, Quilonum Retard, cesium carbonate, calcium oxide, barium oxide or the magnesium oxide.
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| CN2012105179945A CN103012112A (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Method for preparing lactic acid through hydrolysis of alpha-chloropropionic acid |
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| CN2012105179945A CN103012112A (en) | 2012-12-06 | 2012-12-06 | Method for preparing lactic acid through hydrolysis of alpha-chloropropionic acid |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102690184A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-26 | 江南大学 | Method for synthesizing alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid metallic soap by hydrolysis of alpha-halogenated carboxylic acid |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102690184A (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2012-09-26 | 江南大学 | Method for synthesizing alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid metallic soap by hydrolysis of alpha-halogenated carboxylic acid |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 曾湖烈 等: "丙烯酸制备乳酸的工艺研究", 《北京化工大学学报》, vol. 30, no. 2, 31 December 2003 (2003-12-31) * |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |