CN103011534A - Municipal sludge treatment method and system for treating municipal sludge - Google Patents
Municipal sludge treatment method and system for treating municipal sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN103011534A CN103011534A CN2011102855918A CN201110285591A CN103011534A CN 103011534 A CN103011534 A CN 103011534A CN 2011102855918 A CN2011102855918 A CN 2011102855918A CN 201110285591 A CN201110285591 A CN 201110285591A CN 103011534 A CN103011534 A CN 103011534A
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Abstract
The invention provides a municipal sludge treatment method. The municipal sludge treatment method comprises the following steps of adding one or more of water-soluble ferric salts, water-soluble ferrous salts and water-soluble aluminum salts into hot alkaline sludge treated by a hot alkali, mixing to obtain modified hot alkaline sludge, and carrying out dehydration of the modified hot alkaline sludge. The invention also provides a system for treating municipal sludge. The system comprises an aftertreatment device (7). The aftertreatment device (7) is used for mixing hot alkaline sludge obtained by a hot alkali treatment device (2) and one or more of water-soluble ferric salts, water-soluble ferrous salts and water-soluble aluminum salts to obtain the modified hot alkaline sludge. The municipal sludge treatment method can obviously reduce a total amount of sludge, improve hot alkaline sludge dehydration performances, improve dehydration efficiency and reduce phosphorus content of sewage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind for the treatment of process of municipal sludge and for the treatment of the system of municipal sludge.
Background technology
Mud is the inevitable outcome of sewage disposal.The Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, when construction of wastewater treatment plant and sewage load are soaring, also brought increasing substantially of sludge quantity.It is reported that the Sewage Plant that present China is in operation state has more than 2000, a day processing water yield is ten thousand stere more than 8000.The mass ratio that accounts for sewage take mud (water ratio is as 98 quality %) is as 0.6 quality % calculates, and the output that produces mud every day is 48 ten thousand steres.During " 12 ", along with sewage work is large quantities of to put into operation building, the average annual increment of urban wastewater treatment firm mud will reach 15 % by weight.
The mud that sewage work produces comprises primary sludge and excess sludge.Primary sludge and excess sludge and composition thereof are called as municipal sludge.The water-content of municipal sludge is high and contain organic relic and bacterium thalline, behind the appropriate municipal sludge entered environment of processing, to bring secondary pollution directly for water body and atmosphere, not only reduced the effective processing capacity of Sewage treatment systems, and ecotope and human activity have been consisted of serious threat.
In municipal sludge, add alkaline matter (such as sodium hydroxide), and (such as 30～300 ℃) are processed to it under higher temperature, are called the hot alkali treatment of municipal sludge; Correspondingly, through flux-calcined municipal sludge, be called thermokalite mud.Municipal sludge is carried out hot alkali treatment can the disruption of microorganisms cell, organism microorganism cells in the municipal sludge is outside and cell interior is dissolved out, be converted at the soluble material of water, thereby the amount of minimizing municipal sludge is a kind of reducing urban sludge and innoxious effective ways.In addition, when municipal sludge is carried out hot alkali treatment, the most of phosphorus that contains in the mud will transform into for example PO
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -Inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion.
But the phenomenon of filter cloth very easily occurs to stop up in thermokalite mud when carrying out filter dehydration, reduce dewatering efficiency, need to repeatedly dewater and the water in the thermokalite mud could be removed, and obtains the dewatered sludge of low-water-content.
Summary of the invention
The treatment process that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of municipal sludge, the method adopt the hot alkali treatment method that the organism in the microorganism in the municipal sludge is dissolved out, thereby make reducing urban sludge and innoxious; The more important thing is that the method can improve the dewatering efficiency of thermokalite mud effectively.
The present inventor surprisingly finds in research process, adds the dewatering that water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt or water-soluble aluminum salt can significantly be improved thermokalite mud in thermokalite mud, improves dewatering efficiency.Finished thus the present invention.
The invention provides a kind for the treatment of process of municipal sludge, the method comprises:
Under thermokalite solution condition, described municipal sludge is contacted with alkali, obtaining thermokalite mud, described thermokalite mud contains and is selected from PO
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -In one or more inorganic phosphor-contained acid ions;
In described thermokalite mud, add one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and the water-soluble aluminum salt, and described thermokalite mud is mixed with described metal-salt, to obtain modification thermokalite mud; And
Described modification thermokalite mud is dewatered.
The present invention also provides a kind of system that processes municipal sludge, and this system comprises: hot alkali treatment device, after-treatment device, dewatering unit and the sewage running piping that is used for connecting described dewatering unit and Sewage treatment systems; Described hot alkali treatment device is communicated with described after-treatment device, described dewatering unit is communicated with described after-treatment device, described after-treatment device is used for the thermokalite mud from described hot alkali treatment device is mixed with one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt, to obtain modification thermokalite mud.
The method according to this invention is the total amount of reduce mud significantly, improves the dewatering of thermokalite mud, improves dewatering efficiency.The method according to this invention, the amount of the mud that the amount of the mud that obtains can obtain than directly municipal sludge being dewatered reduces more than 80 % by weight.
And, in the method for the present invention, that adds is selected from water-soluble molysite, one or more metal-salts in water-soluble ferrous salt and the water-soluble aluminum salt can with thermokalite mud in inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion (comprising: phosphate anion, phosphoric acid one hydrogen radical ion and dihydrogen phosphate ions) the formation calcium phosphate precipitation reacts, so that the phosphorus that exists with the inorganic acid radical ionic species in the thermokalite mud is precipitated out, in follow-up dehydration, above-mentioned throw out be retained in mud mutually in, can effectively reduce the phosphorus content in the filtrate of thermokalite mud being dewatered and obtaining, thereby alleviate the workload of follow-up sewage disposal.That is, the method according to this invention can also reduce the phosphorus content in the sewage that obtains in the dewatering that improves thermokalite mud.
In addition, the method according to this invention is simple and easy to do.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is to be used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and consists of the part of specification sheets, is used from explanation the present invention with following embodiment one, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of synoptic diagram of embodiment of the system for the treatment of in accordance with the present invention municipal sludge;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram of another kind of embodiment of the system for the treatment of in accordance with the present invention municipal sludge;
Fig. 3 is in the hot alkali treatment device of system for the treatment of in accordance with the present invention municipal sludge, the synoptic diagram of the position of alkali charging opening; And
Fig. 4 is in the aftertreatment treatment unit of system for the treatment of in accordance with the present invention municipal sludge, is used for adding the synoptic diagram of position of the charging opening of metal-salt.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind for the treatment of process of municipal sludge, the method comprises: under thermokalite solution condition, described municipal sludge is contacted with alkali, obtaining thermokalite mud, described thermokalite mud contains and is selected from PO
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -In one or more inorganic phosphor-contained acid ions.
According to the present invention, described municipal sludge can be the primary sludge that produces in the sewage treatment process, also can be the excess sludge that produces in the sewage treatment process, can also be the mixture of described primary sludge and described excess sludge.
The method according to this invention, described alkali can be generally used for municipal sludge is carried out flux-calcined alkali for this area.For example, described alkali can be in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium oxide and the potassium oxide one or more.
The method according to this invention, the consumption of described alkali can carry out appropriate selection according to the source of described municipal sludge.Usually, described alkali with can be as 0.01～1 take the mass ratio of the described municipal sludge of butt: 100, be preferably 0.05～0.8: 100.
The method according to this invention, described alkali can directly be added in the described municipal sludge, add in the municipal sludge after also can being mixed with the aqueous solution again.When adding in the municipal sludge after alkali is mixed with the aqueous solution, the concentration of the described aqueous solution can be selected for the routine of this area, is not particularly limited again.
The method according to this invention, described thermokalite solution condition can be the normal condition of this area.Usually, described thermokalite solution condition comprises: temperature can be 30～300 ℃, is preferably 100～200 ℃; The hydraulic detention time of described municipal sludge in the thermokalite reactor can be 5 minutes to 3 hours.
Among the present invention, described hydraulic detention time refers to the ratio of the feed rate of the volume of reactor and mud.
The method according to this invention, described municipal sludge contains large water gaging usually, and different according to its source, may there be difference in the solid content of described municipal sludge.Preferably, the solid content of described municipal sludge is 2～10 % by weight.When the solid content of described municipal sludge is 2～10 % by weight, not only can be so that alkali be more abundant with contacting of described municipal sludge, thus more effectively municipal sludge is cracked; Can also effectively alleviate the treatment capacity of hot alkali treatment step and subsequent step.
Among the present invention, described solid content is to adopt dry weight-loss method to measure, and is to be m with quality
1Mud under 105 ℃ temperature, be dried to constant weight and (be designated as m
2), m
2With m
1Per-cent be solid content.
According to the present invention, when the solid content of described municipal sludge is lower than 2 % by weight or is higher than 10 % by weight, although can directly this municipal sludge be sent in the described thermokalite reactor, but the angle from the treatment capacity that alleviates hot alkali treatment step and subsequent step, at the solid content of described municipal sludge when being lower than 2 % by weight, the method according to this invention preferably also comprises and will send at described municipal sludge before the described thermokalite reactor, described municipal sludge is concentrated, and the solid content that makes municipal sludge is 2～10 % by weight; At the solid content of described municipal sludge when being higher than 10 % by weight, the method according to this invention preferably also comprises and will send at described municipal sludge before the described thermokalite reactor, described municipal sludge is diluted, and the solid content that makes municipal sludge is 2～10 % by weight.
The method according to this invention, can adopt this area method commonly used to come solid content is that the municipal sludge that is lower than 2 % by weight concentrates, so that the solid content of the municipal sludge after concentrated is 2～10 % by weight.For example, can adopt leave standstill, the method for filtration or centrifugation, described municipal sludge is carried out solid-liquid separation, so that described municipal sludge is separated into solid phase and water, and tell described water, be 2～10 % by weight thereby make the solid content of the municipal sludge that obtains.
The method according to this invention, the filter plant that described filtration can be commonly used in this area carries out, the example of described filter plant can for but be not limited to: plate and frame(type)filter press and belt pressing type pressure filter.
The method according to this invention concentrates municipal sludge and the water that obtains can be delivered to and processes rear discharge in the waste disposal plant.
The method according to this invention, the thermokalite mud that obtains through hot alkali treatment contains phosphorus, and wherein, at least part of phosphorus is to be selected from PO
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -In the form of one or more inorganic phosphor-contained acid ions exist.That is, described thermokalite mud contains and is selected from PO
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -In one or more inorganic phosphor-contained acid ions.
The method according to this invention, the content of inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion changes with the source of carrying out flux-calcined municipal sludge and flux-calcined condition in the described thermokalite mud, is not particularly limited.Usually, in the described thermokalite mud, the content of inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion is the dried mud of 0.4～6 gram/100 grams.
The method according to this invention, because municipal sludge carries out under the condition of rising temperature with contacting usually of alkali, therefore described thermokalite mud typical temperature is higher.Angle from the energy consumption of further reduction the method according to this invention, the method according to this invention is preferably included in pending municipal sludge with before alkali contacts, carry out heat exchange with described thermokalite mud, can reduce so on the one hand the temperature of thermokalite mud, then can improve on the other hand the temperature of pending municipal sludge, reduce the energy-output ratio that is used for cooling thermokalite mud and heating municipal sludge.
Comprise in the method according to this invention and municipal sludge to be concentrated or dilute, and after will concentrating or the municipal sludge after the dilution when contact with alkali, the method according to this invention also comprise with concentrated rear or dilute after municipal sludge and thermokalite mud carry out heat exchange.
The present invention is not particularly limited for the method for described heat exchange, can select for the routine of this area.This paper repeats no more.
The method according to this invention also comprises in described thermokalite mud adds the metal-salt that is selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt, and described thermokalite mud is mixed with described metal-salt, to obtain modification thermokalite mud.
The method according to this invention, the addition of described metal-salt is with can be so that the modification thermokalite mud that obtains has improved dewatering is as the criterion.
Usually, in mole, the ratio of inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion total amount can be 0.2～5: 1 in the total amount of the metal-salt that adds and the described thermokalite mud, is preferably 0.5～3: 1.Mol ratio at described metal-salt and described inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion is 0.5～3: 1 o'clock, can the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in substantially making described thermokalite mud precipitates completely under the prerequisite, further reduces the cost of method of the present invention.
The method according to this invention, described water-soluble molysite can be dissolved in the water and positively charged ion contains iron ion (Fe for various
3+) compound; Described water-soluble ferrous salt can be dissolved in the water and positively charged ion contains ferrous ion (Fe for various
2+) compound; Described water-soluble aluminum salt can be dissolved in the water and positively charged ion contains aluminum ion (Al for various
3+) compound or in water, can be hydrolyzed and form aluminum ions compound.Preferably, described metal-salt is one or more in ferric sulfate, iron(ic) chloride, iron nitrate, ironic citrate, ferrous sulfate, iron protochloride, Iron nitrate, Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride and the aluminum nitrate.
The method according to this invention, described one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt can directly add in the thermokalite mud, add in the thermokalite mud after also can being mixed with separately the aqueous solution again.When described metal-salt being mixed with the aqueous solution and adding in the thermokalite mud again, the concentration of described metal-salt in the described aqueous solution is not particularly limited, as long as can make described metal-salt dissolve complete.
The method according to this invention for thermokalite mud is not particularly limited with method and the condition that one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt mix, can be selected for the routine of this area.
Preferably, described thermokalite mud is comprised with the condition that described metal-salt mixes: the temperature of mixing is 10～100 ℃; The time of mixing is 1 second to 2 hours (for example: 5 minutes to 2 hours).Mix under these conditions, can further improve the dewatering of the modification thermokalite mud that finally obtains, and further reduce the phosphorus content in the filtrate that obtains after modification thermokalite mud dewatered.The dewatering of the modification thermokalite mud that finally obtains from balance, reduce phosphorus content the filtrate that obtains after modification thermokalite mud dewatered and the angle of energy consumption, more preferably 20～60 ℃ of the temperature of described mixing; The hydraulic detention time of described thermokalite mud in described aftertreatment reactor more preferably 5～30 minutes.
Method of the present invention is not particularly limited for the solid content of described thermokalite mud.The present inventor finds in research process, when the solid content of thermokalite mud is 2～10 % by weight, adopt method of the present invention that described thermokalite mud is processed the modification thermokalite mud that obtains and have better dewatering, but also can not increase the weight of the burden of follow-up dehydrating step.
Of the present invention a kind of preferred embodiment in, be that 2 % by weight are when following at the solid content of described thermokalite mud, the method according to this invention is included in thermokalite mud with before one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt mix, described thermokalite mud is concentrated, so that the solid content of the thermokalite mud after concentrated is 2～10 % by weight.
Described concentrated method is described in detail at preamble, does not repeat them here.
This preferred embodiment in, described concentrated preferably carry out in the presence of flocculation agent can further be put forward highly enriched efficient like this.The present invention is not particularly limited for consumption and the kind of described flocculation agent, can select for the routine of this area.Preferably, described flocculation agent with take the mass ratio of the described thermokalite mud of butt as 0.001～0.1: 1.The example of described flocculation agent can for but be not limited to: carboxylate salt based flocculating agent, sulfonate based flocculating agent, anionic polyacrylamide, primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, level Four ammonium, level Four sulphur, cationic polyacrylamide, polyester based flocculating agent, polyalcohols based flocculating agent and non-ionic polyacrylamide.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, be that 10 % by weight are when above at the solid content of described thermokalite mud, the method according to this invention is included in thermokalite mud with before one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt mix, described thermokalite mud is diluted, so that the solid content of the thermokalite mud after the dilution is 2～10 % by weight.
The method according to this invention also comprises dewaters described modification thermokalite mud.
The method according to this invention can adopt this area the whole bag of tricks commonly used to come described modification thermokalite mud is dewatered.For example: can adopt leave standstill, the method for filtration or centrifugation, described modification thermokalite mud is carried out solid-liquid separation, described modification thermokalite mud is separated into solid phase and water, and tells described water, thereby remove water in the described modification thermokalite mud.
The method according to this invention, the filter plant that described filtration can be commonly used in this area carries out, the example of described filter plant can for but be not limited to: plate and frame(type)filter press and belt pressing type pressure filter.
The method according to this invention, the solid content of the modification thermokalite mud after the dehydration can carry out appropriate selection according to concrete application scenario, is preferably more than 20 % by weight, for example can be 20～40 % by weight.
The method according to this invention is dewatered modified sewage sludge and the water that obtains can enter and processes rear discharging in the Sewage treatment systems.
The method according to this invention, by with thermokalite mud with dewater after one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt mix, can significantly reduce the phosphorus content of the aqueous phase that obtains.Usually, the phosphorus content of the aqueous phase that the method according to this invention obtains can be for below the 250mg/L, can be for below the 70mg/L under the optimum condition.
The present invention also provides a kind of system that processes municipal sludge, and as shown in Figure 1, this system comprises: hot alkali treatment device 2, after-treatment device 7, dewatering unit 9 and the sewage running piping 12 that is used for connecting described dewatering unit 9 and Sewage treatment systems; Described hot alkali treatment device 2 is communicated with described after-treatment device 7, and described dewatering unit 9 is communicated with described after-treatment device 7.
According to system of the present invention, described hot alkali treatment device 2 comprises thermokalite reactor 20, and described hot alkali treatment device 2 is used for described municipal sludge is contacted at thermokalite reactor 20 under thermokalite solution condition with alkali, to obtain thermokalite mud.The present invention is not particularly limited for described hot alkali treatment device 2, can select for the routine of this area.
According to the present invention, described thermokalite reactor 20 is used to municipal sludge to provide the place with contacting of alkali, can select for the routine of this area, and this paper repeats no more.
According to the present invention, described hot alkali treatment device 2 also comprise for pending municipal sludge is sent into municipal sludge input channel 13 in the described thermokalite reactor 20, being used for will be through the thermokalite mud output channel 14 of flux-calcined thermokalite mud output, the reactor cap (not shown) that is used for the heating unit 3 that described thermokalite reactor 20 is heated and is used for the internal space of described thermokalite reactor 20 and environment are isolated.Described municipal sludge input channel 13, thermokalite mud output channel 14, heating unit 3 and reactor cap all can be selected for the routine of this area.
According to system of the present invention, described hot alkali treatment device 2 preferably includes the agitator 16 that is positioned at described thermokalite reactor 20 inside, so that described municipal sludge and alkali are mixed, and prevents the local superheating that causes owing to the local reaction excessive velocities.
According to system of the present invention, described thermokalite reaction unit 2 preferably also comprises the temperature control unit (not shown).Described temperature control unit is then controlled the temperature that described heating unit 3 heats and heats according to the temperature in the described thermokalite reactor 20 that detects on the other hand on the one hand for detection of the temperature in the described thermokalite reactor 20.
According to system of the present invention, described thermokalite reaction unit 2 also comprises be used to the sludge inlet 17 of inputting pending municipal sludge.Described sludge inlet 17 is preferably placed at the top of described thermokalite reactor 20, and (for example: the height at described thermokalite reactor 20 is H
1The time, take the bottom of described thermokalite reactor 20 as benchmark, the location optimization of described sludge inlet 17 is
).
According to system of the present invention, described thermokalite reaction unit 2 comprises that also appropriate selection can be carried out according to the type of concrete reactor in the position of described alkali charging opening for the alkali charging opening that adds alkali.Usually, described alkali charging opening can be arranged on the outside of described thermokalite reactor, for example: be arranged on (the A point that goes out as shown in Figure 3) on the municipal sludge input channel 13; Perhaps be arranged on (the B point that goes out as shown in Figure 3) on the sludge inlet 17 that is positioned at described thermokalite reaction unit 2.Described alkali charging opening can also be arranged on the inside of described thermokalite reactor 20, for example: the pipeline (such as the dosage unit 4 among Fig. 1) that the both ends open of the described reactor cap of hermetically passing can be set, one end port of described pipeline links to each other with alkali storage tank (not shown), and the other end port is positioned at the inside (as shown in Figure 3 C point) of described thermokalite reactor 20.The location optimization that is positioned at the port of described thermokalite inside reactor is not higher than described sludge inlet, and for example: the height at described thermokalite reactor 20 is H
1The time, take the bottom of described thermokalite reactor 20 as benchmark, the location optimization of the port that is positioned at described thermokalite reactor 20 inside of described dosage unit 4 is
And the port that is positioned at described thermokalite reactor 20 inside of described dosage unit 4 is lower than described sludge inlet.
According to system of the present invention, described after-treatment device is used for thermokalite mud is mixed with one or more the metal-salt that is selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt, to obtain modification thermokalite mud.
According to system of the present invention, described after-treatment device 7 comprises that being used to described thermokalite mud to mix with described metal-salt provides the aftertreatment in place reactor 21, described aftertreatment reactor 21 can for realizing the various reactors of above-mentioned functions, be not particularly limited.
According to system of the present invention, described after-treatment device 7 also comprises for the modified sewage sludge output channel 15 that modification thermokalite mud is exported and is used for the internal space of described aftertreatment reactor 21 and the aftertreatment reactor cap (not shown) of described environment isolation.Described modified sewage sludge output channel 15 and aftertreatment reactor cap can be selected for the routine of this area separately, are not particularly limited, and this paper repeats no more.
According to system of the present invention, described after-treatment device 7 also comprises the agitator 18 that is positioned at described aftertreatment reactor 21, is used for described thermokalite mud and described metal-salt are mixed.
According to system of the present invention, described after-treatment system 7 also comprises the thermokalite sludge inlet 19 for input thermokalite mud.Described thermokalite sludge inlet 19 is preferably placed at the top of described aftertreatment reactor 21, and (for example: the height at described aftertreatment reactor 21 is H
2The time, take the bottom of described aftertreatment reactor 21 as benchmark, the location optimization of described thermokalite sludge inlet 19 is
).
According to system of the present invention, described after-treatment device 7 also comprises be used to the charging opening that adds described metal-salt and optional flocculation agent.The present invention is not particularly limited for the position of described charging opening, can carry out appropriate selection according to the type of concrete aftertreatment reactor.
In one embodiment of the invention, the charging opening that is used for adding described metal-salt and optional flocculation agent is arranged on the outside of described aftertreatment reactor 21, for example: be arranged on (the D point that goes out as shown in Figure 4) on the thermokalite mud input channel 14; Perhaps be arranged on (the E point that goes out as shown in Figure 4) on the thermokalite sludge inlet 19 that is positioned at described aftertreatment reaction unit 7.
In another embodiment of the invention, the charging opening that is used for adding described metal-salt and optional flocculation agent is arranged on the inside of described aftertreatment reactor 21, for example: the pipeline that the both ends open of the described reactor cap of hermetically passing can be set, one end port of described pipeline links to each other with the storage tank (not shown), and the other end port is positioned at the inside (the as shown in Figure 4 dosage unit 8 shown in F point and Fig. 1) of described aftertreatment reactor 21.According to the present invention, the kind of the material that the quantity of described pipeline can be added is as required selected, and for example: described pipeline can comprise for delivery of the pipeline of described metal-salt with for delivery of the pipeline of flocculation agent.In addition, also a pipeline can only be set, successively material be sent into the inside of described aftertreatment reactor 21.The location optimization that is positioned at the port of described aftertreatment reactor 21 inside is not less than described thermokalite sludge inlet 19, and for example: the height of described aftertreatment reactor 21 is H
2The time, take the bottom of described aftertreatment reactor 21 as benchmark, the location optimization that is positioned at the port of described aftertreatment reactor 21 inside is
And the position that is positioned at the port of described aftertreatment reactor 21 inside is lower than described thermokalite sludge inlet 19.
Also comprise described dewatering unit 9 according to system of the present invention, described dewatering unit 9 is used for described modification thermokalite mud is dewatered, and the water that dehydration produces enters described sewage running piping 12, is delivered to Sewage treatment systems.Described dewatering unit can be selected for the routine of this area, and this paper repeats no more.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, of the present invention a kind of preferred embodiment in, also comprise primary treatment device 1 and the sewage running piping 10 that is used for connecting described primary treatment device and Sewage treatment systems according to system of the present invention, described primary treatment device 1 is communicated with described hot alkali treatment device 2.
Described primary treatment device 1 is used for described municipal sludge concentrate or dilute, and the municipal sludge after the concentrated or dilution is delivered in the described hot alkali treatment device 2, and the water that concentrates generation enters described sewage running piping 10, is delivered to described Sewage treatment systems.
According to the present invention, described primary treatment device 1 can be selected for the routine of this area, and this area repeats no more.
As shown in Figure 2, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, this system also comprises secondary concentration device 6 and the sewage running piping 11 that is used for connecting described secondary concentration device 6 and Sewage treatment systems, and described secondary concentration device 6 is communicated with described hot alkali treatment device 2 and described after-treatment device 7.
Described secondary concentration device 6 is used for and will concentrates by the thermokalite mud that thermokalite sludge carrier pipe road 22 enters described secondary concentration device 6, and the thermokalite mud after will concentrating enters in the described after-treatment device 7 by concentrated thermokalite sludge carrier pipe road 14, the concentrated water that produces enters described sewage running piping 11, is delivered to described Sewage treatment systems.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, according to system of the present invention, because the temperature of the thermokalite mud of output is higher in the hot alkali treatment system 2, angle from further reduction energy consumption, also comprise heat-exchanger rig 5 according to system of the present invention, described heat-exchanger rig 5 is used for the thermokalite mud of described municipal sludge and 2 outputs of described hot alkali treatment device is carried out heat exchange, and perhaps described heat-exchanger rig 5 is used for the thermokalite mud of the municipal sludge after described the concentrating and 2 outputs of described hot alkali treatment device is carried out heat exchange.The present invention is not particularly limited for described heat-exchanger rig 5, can be this area various heat-exchanger rigs that can realize above-mentioned functions commonly used, and this paper repeats no more.
As shown in Figure 2, a kind of preferred operational scheme of the system for the treatment of municipal sludge of the present invention is: municipal sludge is sent in the primary treatment device 1, and it is 2～10 % by weight that concentrated or dilution becomes solid content; The concentrated water that obtains enters Sewage treatment systems by sewage running piping 10 and purifies, municipal sludge concentrated or that dilution obtains enters in the thermokalite reactor 20 of thermokalite reaction unit 2 by municipal sludge input channel 13, follow stirring, alkali is sent in the described thermokalite reactor 20 by the alkali dosage unit 4 that is arranged on described thermokalite reactor 20 inside, by heating unit 3 temperature in the described thermokalite reactor 20 is heated to 30～300 ℃ (preferred 100～200 ℃), so that municipal sludge and alkali contact reacts, thereby obtain thermokalite mud, the hydraulic detention time of described municipal sludge in described thermokalite reactor 20 is 5 minutes to 3 hours.Described thermokalite mud carries out heat exchange with pending municipal sludge in interchanger 5 after, enter in the described secondary concentration device 6 by thermokalite mud input channel 22 and to concentrate, the concentrated water that obtains enters in the Sewage treatment systems by sewage running piping 11 and purifies, and the solid content of the concentrated thermokalite mud that obtains is preferably 2～10 % by weight.Thermokalite mud after concentrated enters described aftertreatment reactor 21 by the thermokalite mud input channel 14 that links to each other with aftertreatment reaction unit 6, follow stirring, one or more metal-salts that will be selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt by the dosage unit 8 that is arranged in described aftertreatment reactor 21 are sent into described aftertreatment reactor 21, and mix with thermokalite mud, then add flocculation agent, obtain modification thermokalite mud.The hydraulic detention time of described thermokalite mud in described aftertreatment reactor 21 is 1 second to 2 hour.The modification thermokalite mud that obtains enters in the dewatering unit 9 by modification thermokalite sludge carrier pipe road 15, dewater, the mud that obtains dewatering, wherein, the solid content of the mud of dehydration is 60～80 % by weight, and the water that removes is delivered in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping 12 and purifies.
Describe the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment.
In following examples, adopt the ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry of stipulating among the GB11893-89 to measure the content of the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the thermokalite mud.
In following examples, the testing method of solid content is: be m with quality
1Mud under 105 ℃ temperature, be dried to constant weight and (be designated as m
2), m
2With m
1Per-cent be solid content.
Present embodiment is used for explanation according to urban sludge treating method of the present invention and municipal sludge treatment system.
(1) as shown in Figure 2,40 tons of municipal sludges (solid content is 1 % by weight) are sent in the primary treatment device 1, the solid content of the municipal sludge that process is concentrated is 3 % by weight.The concentrated water that obtains is delivered in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping and purifies.
(2) municipal sludge after concentrated is through heat-exchanger rig 5, and carries out heat exchange through flux-calcined thermokalite mud, and the temperature of the municipal sludge after the heat exchange is 130 ℃.
(3) municipal sludge after the heat exchange is sent in the thermokalite reactor 20 of thermokalite reaction unit 2, follow stirring, in described thermokalite reactor 20, add sodium hydroxide by alkali dosage unit 4 simultaneously, in sodium hydroxide and the thermokalite reactor 20 take the weight ratio of the municipal sludge of butt as 1: 100, and it is 200 ℃ that heating unit 3 is heated to temperature with the municipal sludge in the thermokalite reactor 20, carry out hot alkali treatment, to obtain thermokalite mud.Wherein, the hydraulic detention time of municipal sludge in thermokalite reactor 20 is 1h; In the thermokalite mud, inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion (comprises PO
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -) total amount be 300mg/L.The solid content of thermokalite mud is 1.2 % by weight.
(4) by the thermokalite mud of thermokalite reaction unit 2 output through heat-exchanger rig 5, carry out heat exchange with municipal sludge through concentrating for the first time after, the temperature of thermokalite mud is 60 ℃.
(5) the thermokalite mud after the heat exchange is sent in the secondary concentration device 6, the hydraulic detention time of thermokalite mud in secondary concentration device 6 is 1h, and the solid content of the thermokalite mud after concentrating is 5 % by weight; The water that secondary concentration obtains is delivered in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping and purifies.
(6) the thermokalite mud after concentrated enters in the aftertreatment reactor 21 of aftertreatment reaction unit 7, follow stirring, dosage unit 8 adds iron(ic) chloride in the thermokalite mud in the treatment reactor backward and cationic polyacrylamide flocculant agent (is purchased the good permanent company from the Gongyi, the trade mark is C1650), make in the thermokalite mud in the aftertreatment reactor 21 Fe
3+(comprise PO with the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the thermokalite mud
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -) the mol ratio of total amount be 1: 1, the consumption of flocculation agent with take the weight ratio of the thermokalite mud of butt as 0.02: 1.The hydraulic detention time of thermokalite mud in aftertreatment reactor 21 is 30min, and the temperature in the aftertreatment reactor 21 is 45 ℃.
(7) the modification thermokalite mud that obtains enters in the dewatering unit 9, adopts plate and frame(type)filter press to carry out primary dewatering, and the phenomenon that filter cloth stops up does not occur in the dehydration, and filtration time is 10 minutes.The water that dehydration obtains enters in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping and purifies.Wherein, the aqueous phase that dehydration obtains, phosphorus content is 35mg/L; The solid content of the dewatered sludge that obtains is 30 % by weight, and dewatered sludge weight is 0.53 ton.
Comparative Examples 1
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1 that municipal sludge is processed, different is, do not carry out step (6), the thermokalite mud that step (4) obtains directly enters in the dewatering unit 9 and dewaters, adopt plate and frame(type)filter press to carry out primary dewatering, filter cloth stops up in the dehydration, and filtration time is 1 hour.The aqueous phase that dehydration obtains, phosphorus content is 300mg/L; The solid content of the dewatered sludge that obtains is 5 % by weight, and dewatered sludge weight is 3.2 tons.
Present embodiment is used for explanation according to urban sludge treating method of the present invention and municipal sludge treatment system.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1 that municipal sludge is processed, different is, in the step (6), adds ferric sulfate and flocculation agent in the thermokalite mud in the treatment reactor 21 backward by dosage unit 8 successively, make in the thermokalite mud in the aftertreatment reactor 21 Fe
3+(comprise PO with the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the thermokalite mud
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -) the mol ratio of total amount be 0.5: 1.The phenomenon that filter cloth stops up does not occur in the dehydration, and filtration time is 15 minutes, the aqueous phase that dehydration obtains, and phosphorus content is 100mg/L; The solid content of the dewatered sludge that obtains is 20 % by weight, and weight is 0.8 ton.
Present embodiment is used for explanation according to urban sludge treating method of the present invention and municipal sludge treatment system.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1 that municipal sludge is processed, different is, in the step (6), adds aluminum chloride and flocculation agent in the thermokalite mud in the treatment reactor 21 backward by dosage unit 8 successively, make in the thermokalite mud in the aftertreatment reactor 21 Al
3+(comprise PO with the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the thermokalite mud
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -) the mol ratio of total amount be 5: 1.The phenomenon that filter cloth stops up does not occur in the dehydration, and filtration time is 8 minutes, the aqueous phase that dehydration obtains, and phosphorus content is 2mg/L; The solid content of the dewatered sludge that obtains is 39 % by weight, and weight is 0.41 ton.
Present embodiment is used for explanation according to urban sludge treating method of the present invention and municipal sludge treatment system.
Adopt the method identical with embodiment 1 that municipal sludge is processed, different is, in the step (6), adds aluminum chloride and flocculation agent in the thermokalite mud in the treatment reactor 21 backward by dosage unit 8 successively, make in the thermokalite mud in the aftertreatment reactor 21 Al
3+(comprise PO with the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the thermokalite mud
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -) the mol ratio of total amount be 3: 1.The phenomenon that filter cloth stops up does not occur in the dehydration, and filtration time is 8 minutes, the aqueous phase that dehydration obtains, and phosphorus content is 2.5mg/L; The solid content of the dewatered sludge that obtains is 35 % by weight, and weight is 0.46 ton.
Present embodiment is used for explanation according to urban sludge treating method of the present invention and municipal sludge treatment system.
(1) as shown in Figure 1,40 tons of municipal sludges (solid content is 0.8 % by weight) are sent into primary treatment device 1, the solid content of the municipal sludge that process is concentrated is 2.5 % by weight.The concentrated water that obtains is delivered in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping and purifies.
(2) municipal sludge after concentrated is through heat-exchanger rig 5, and carries out heat exchange through flux-calcined thermokalite mud, and the temperature of the municipal sludge after the heat exchange is 100 ℃.
(3) municipal sludge after the heat exchange is sent in the thermokalite reactor 20 of thermokalite reaction unit 2, follow stirring, in described thermokalite reactor 20, add potassium hydroxide by dosage unit 4 simultaneously, in potassium hydroxide and the thermokalite reactor 20 take the weight ratio of the municipal sludge of butt as 0.8: 100, and it is 160 ℃ that heating unit 3 is heated to temperature with the municipal sludge in the thermokalite reactor 20, carry out hot alkali treatment, to obtain thermokalite mud.Wherein, the hydraulic detention time of municipal sludge in thermokalite reactor 20 is 45min; In the thermokalite mud, inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion (comprises PO
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -) total amount be 400mg/L.The solid content of thermokalite mud is 1.1 % by weight.
(4) by the thermokalite mud of thermokalite reaction unit 2 output through heat-exchanger rig 5, carry out heat exchange with municipal sludge through concentrating for the first time after, the temperature of thermokalite mud is 50 ℃.
(5) the thermokalite mud after concentrated enters in the aftertreatment reactor 21 of aftertreatment reaction unit 7, follow stirring, add Tai-Ace S 150 in the thermokalite mud in the treatment reactor 21 backward by dosage unit 8 successively and cationic polyacrylamide (is purchased the good permanent company from the Gongyi, the trade mark is C1650), make in the thermokalite mud in the aftertreatment reactor 21 Al
3+(comprise PO with the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the thermokalite mud
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -) the mol ratio of total amount be 2: 1, the consumption of flocculation agent with take the weight ratio of the thermokalite mud of butt as 0.02: 1.The hydraulic detention time of thermokalite mud in aftertreatment reactor 21 is 1 hour, and the temperature in the aftertreatment reactor 21 is 30 ℃.
(6) the modification thermokalite mud that obtains enters in the dewatering unit 9, adopts plate and frame(type)filter press to carry out primary dewatering, and the phenomenon that filter cloth stops up does not occur in the dehydration, and filtration time is 9 minutes.The water that dehydration obtains enters in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping and purifies.Wherein, the aqueous phase that dehydration obtains, phosphorus content is 15mg/L; The solid content of the dewatered sludge that obtains is 31 % by weight, and dewatered sludge weight is 0.45 ton.
Present embodiment is used for explanation according to urban sludge treating method of the present invention and municipal sludge treatment system.
(1) as shown in Figure 2,40 tons of municipal sludges (solid content is 1 % by weight) are sent in the primary treatment device 1, the solid content of the municipal sludge that process is concentrated is 3 % by weight.The concentrated water that obtains is delivered in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping and purifies.
(2) municipal sludge after concentrated is through heat-exchanger rig 5, and carries out heat exchange through flux-calcined thermokalite mud, and the temperature of the municipal sludge after the heat exchange is 130 ℃.
(3) municipal sludge after the heat exchange is sent in the thermokalite reactor 20 of thermokalite reaction unit 2, follow stirring, in described thermokalite reactor 20, add sodium hydroxide by alkali dosage unit 4 simultaneously, in sodium hydroxide and the thermokalite reactor 20 take the weight ratio of the municipal sludge of butt as 0.8: 100, and it is 180 ℃ that heating unit 3 is heated to temperature with the municipal sludge in the thermokalite reactor 20, carry out hot alkali treatment, to obtain thermokalite mud.Wherein, the hydraulic detention time of municipal sludge in thermokalite reactor 20 is 0.8h; In the thermokalite mud, the total amount of inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion is 350mg/L.The solid content of thermokalite mud is 1.3 % by weight.
(4) by the thermokalite mud of thermokalite reaction unit 2 output through heat-exchanger rig 5, carry out heat exchange with municipal sludge through concentrating for the first time after, the temperature of thermokalite mud is 55 ℃.
(5) the thermokalite mud after the heat exchange is sent in the secondary concentration device 6, the hydraulic detention time of thermokalite mud in secondary concentration device 6 is 1.2h, and the solid content of the thermokalite mud after concentrating is 4 % by weight; The water that secondary concentration obtains is delivered in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping and purifies.
(6) the thermokalite mud after concentrated enters in the aftertreatment reactor 21 of aftertreatment reaction unit 7, follows stirring, and dosage unit 8 adds ferrous sulfate in the thermokalite mud in the treatment reactor backward, makes in the thermokalite mud in the aftertreatment reactor 21 Fe
2+(comprise PO with the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the thermokalite mud
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -) the mol ratio of total amount be 3: 1.The hydraulic detention time of thermokalite mud in aftertreatment reactor 21 is 20min, and the temperature in the aftertreatment reactor 21 is 40 ℃.
(7) the modification thermokalite mud that obtains enters in the dewatering unit 9, adopts plate and frame(type)filter press to carry out primary dewatering, and the phenomenon that filter cloth stops up does not occur in the dehydration, and filtration time is 13 minutes.The water that dehydration obtains enters in the waste disposal plant by sewage running piping and purifies.Wherein, the aqueous phase that dehydration obtains, phosphorus content is 20mg/L; The solid content of the dewatered sludge that obtains is 32 % by weight, and dewatered sludge weight is 0.54 ton.
Claims (18)
1. the treatment process of a municipal sludge, the method comprises:
Under thermokalite solution condition, described municipal sludge is contacted with alkali, obtaining thermokalite mud, described thermokalite mud contains and is selected from PO
4 3-, HPO
4 2-And H
2PO
4 -In one or more inorganic phosphor-contained acid ions;
In described thermokalite mud, add one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and the water-soluble aluminum salt, and described thermokalite mud is mixed with described metal-salt, to obtain modification thermokalite mud; And
Described modification thermokalite mud is dewatered.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, in mole, the ratio of the total amount of the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the total amount of described metal-salt and the described thermokalite mud is 0.2～5: 1.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein, in mole, the odds ratio of the total amount of the inorganic phosphor-contained acid ion in the total amount of described metal-salt and the described thermokalite mud is 0.5～3: 1.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, the temperature that described thermokalite mud mixes with described metal-salt is 10～100 ℃, the hydraulic detention time of described thermokalite mud is 1 second to 2 hours.
5. method according to claim 4, wherein, the temperature that described thermokalite mud mixes with described metal-salt is 20～60 ℃, the hydraulic detention time of described thermokalite mud is 5 minutes to 30 minutes.
6. the described method of any one according to claim 1～5, wherein, described metal-salt is one or more in ferric sulfate, iron(ic) chloride, iron nitrate, ironic citrate, ferrous sulfate, iron protochloride, Iron nitrate, Tai-Ace S 150, aluminum chloride and the aluminum nitrate.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, described alkali with take the mass ratio of the described municipal sludge of butt as 0.01～1: 100.
8. according to claim 1 or 7 described methods, wherein, described alkali is one or more in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium oxide and the potassium oxide.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein, described thermokalite solution condition comprises: temperature is 30～300 ℃, the hydraulic detention time of described municipal sludge is 5 minutes to 3 hours.
10. method according to claim 1, wherein, the method also comprises carries out heat exchange with described municipal sludge and described thermokalite mud, and the municipal sludge after the heat exchange is contacted with alkali under thermokalite solution condition.
11. the described method of any one according to claim 1～5 and in 10, wherein, the solid content of described thermokalite mud is 2～10 % by weight.
12. the described method of any one according to claim 1～5 and in 10, wherein, the solid content of described thermokalite mud is for being lower than 2 % by weight, the method also is included in adds in the described thermokalite mud before the described metal-salt, described thermokalite mud is concentrated, so that the solid content of the thermokalite mud after concentrated is 2～10 % by weight; Perhaps
The solid content of described thermokalite mud is for being higher than 10 % by weight, and the method also is included in adds in the described thermokalite mud before the described metal-salt, described thermokalite mud is diluted, so that the solid content of the thermokalite mud after the dilution is 2～10 % by weight.
13. method according to claim 12 wherein, is carried out under the described existence that is concentrated in flocculation agent, described flocculation agent with take the mass ratio of the described thermokalite mud of butt as 0.001～0.1: 1.
14. method according to claim 1, wherein, the solid content of the modification thermokalite mud after the dehydration is more than the 20 quality %.
15. a system that processes municipal sludge, this system comprises: hot alkali treatment device (2), after-treatment device (7), dewatering unit (9) and the sewage running piping (12) that is used for connecting described dewatering unit (9) and Sewage treatment systems; Described hot alkali treatment device (2) is communicated with described after-treatment device (7), described dewatering unit (9) is communicated with described after-treatment device (7), described after-treatment device (7) is used for the thermokalite mud from described hot alkali treatment device (2) is mixed with one or more metal-salts that are selected from water-soluble molysite, water-soluble ferrous salt and water-soluble aluminum salt, to obtain modification thermokalite mud.
16. system according to claim 15, wherein, this system also comprises primary treatment device (1) and the sewage running piping (10) that is used for connecting described primary treatment device (1) and Sewage treatment systems, described primary treatment device (1) is communicated with described hot alkali treatment device (2), described primary treatment device (1) is used for described municipal sludge being concentrated or diluting, and the municipal sludge after will concentrating or dilute is delivered in the described hot alkali treatment device (2).
17. according to claim 15 or 16 described systems, wherein, this system also comprises heat-exchanger rig (5), and described heat-exchanger rig (5) is used for the thermokalite mud that described municipal sludge and described hot alkali treatment device (2) are exported is carried out heat exchange; Perhaps described heat-exchanger rig (5) be used for will be described the thermokalite mud exported of municipal sludge after the concentrated or dilution and described hot alkali treatment device (2) carry out heat exchange.
18. according to claim 15 or 16 described systems, wherein, this system also comprises secondary concentration device (6), and the sewage running piping (11) that is used for connecting described secondary concentration device (6) and Sewage treatment systems, described secondary concentration device (6) is communicated with described hot alkali treatment device (2) and described after-treatment device (7), described secondary concentration device (6) is used for and will concentrates from the thermokalite mud of described hot alkali treatment device (2), and the thermokalite mud after will concentrating is delivered in the described after-treatment device (7).
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| JPS5768200A (en) * | 1980-10-16 | 1982-04-26 | Ebara Infilco Co Ltd | Treatment of sludge in drinking water |
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