CN103008329A - Two-phase anaerobic digestion reactor for treating high oil content biomass waste - Google Patents
Two-phase anaerobic digestion reactor for treating high oil content biomass waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008329A CN103008329A CN2012105289216A CN201210528921A CN103008329A CN 103008329 A CN103008329 A CN 103008329A CN 2012105289216 A CN2012105289216 A CN 2012105289216A CN 201210528921 A CN201210528921 A CN 201210528921A CN 103008329 A CN103008329 A CN 103008329A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-phase anaerobic digestion reactor for treating high oil content biomass waste, belonging to the technical field of biomass treatment. The two-phase anaerobic digestion reactor mainly comprises a feeding bucket, a high temperature anaerobic digestion reactor, a middle discharging cooling bucket, an anaerobic discharged mud collecting device and a mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor, wherein the feeding bucket is connected with a high temperature anaerobic digestion reactor feeding port A through a feeding pipe; the high temperature anaerobic digestion reactor is connected with the middle discharging cooling bucket through a discharging pipe A; the middle discharging cooling bucket is connected with a mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor feeding port B through a feeding pipe B; and the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor is connected with the anaerobic discharged mud collecting device though a discharging pipe B. By utilizing the two-phase anaerobic digestion reactor, the biomass waste of which the oil VS concentration is as high as 70% can be effectively treated, and the VS removal rate can be 81%. By treating the biomass waste with high oil content by using a high temperature-mesophilic two-phase anaerobic digestion system, the purpose of efficiently and rapidly converting the biomass waste to methane is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biomass processes technical field, be specifically related to a kind of TPAD reactor and digestion reaction method thereof of processing high fat content biomass waste.
Background technology
Along with the quickening of socioeconomic development and urbanization process, the generation of China's MSW increases sharply.The China Statistical Yearbook demonstration, China's MSW generation reached 1.58 hundred million tons in 2010.Compare with nineteen ninety, its generation has improved 2.5 times.Along with the adjustment of consumption of resident custom and fuel structure, huge variation has also occured with comparing in the past in the component of MSW and character, and biomass components rises to more than 60% in the house refuse.
Adopt traditional disposal methods MSW can cause serious environmental problem, easily biodegradable organics in the refuse decomposes rapidly in landfill and composting process, can cause the severe exacerbation with leachate quality of rolling up of leachate generation, in addition, in composting process, also can produce a large amount of foul gas, peripheral water environment and atmospheric environment are polluted.Biomass waste also can produce a large amount of methane gas in the landfill process, it accounts for 2% in the world to the contribution of Global climate change, accounts for 4% in China.Adopt incinerating method to process the house refuse of high water signature, its calorific value is low, needs auxiliary fuel, otherwise is difficult to control the generation of bioxin.The characteristics that easily biodegradable organics content is high, moisture content is high of urban biomass refuse provide advantage for utilizing the urban biomass refuse to carry out anaerobic digestion, adopt Anaerobic Digestion biomass waste processing procedure safety, anaerobic digestion solution can be made fertilizer through processing, product gas methane can be used for generating electricity, use as regenerative resource, realize the recovery of matter and energy, and reached the purpose of reduction of greenhouse gas discharge.
At present, the reactor of application anaerobic digestion techniques processing urban biomass refuse mainly is CSTR (CSTR).Changing food waste is the important component part of urban biomass refuse, and the trend that increases is gradually arranged in recent years.Changing food waste has the characteristics of the high grease of high salinity take starch, protein, grease etc. as main component.Adopt CSTR to process this type of biomass waste, can produce certain negative effect to the Anaerobic Digestion process because changing food waste contains a large amount of greases.High temperature and mesophilic anaerobic digestion have respectively quick and efficient characteristics.How better utilizing biomass waste that high temperature-middle temperature two-phase anaerobic digestion system realizes high fat content to yet there are no to the efficient rapid conversion of methane reports for work.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high temperature that is applicable to process high fat content biomass waste-middle temperature TPAD reactor.Adopt anaerobic digestion techniques to process the recovery that the urban biomass refuse can be realized matter and energy, processing procedure safety.Therefore, anaerobic digestion is the desirable technique of processing the urban biomass refuse.The proportion of changing food waste in the urban biomass refuse reaches more than 60%, because eating habit, the changing food waste of China has the high characteristics of fat content.Adopt separately the mesophilic anaerobic digestion device to process the biomass waste of high fat content, the highest grease VS concentration of processing is 60% biomass waste, the VS clearance is 76%, adopt separately the thermophilic digestion device to process the biomass waste of high fat content, although can process grease VS concentration at the biomass waste more than 70%, the VS clearance only has 62%.The present invention adopts high temperature-middle temperature two-phase anaerobic digestion system to process biomass waste, can efficiently process grease VS concentration up to 70% biomass waste, and the VS clearance can reach 81%.Therefore, adopt high temperature-middle temperature two-phase anaerobic digestion system to process the biomass waste of high fat content, can reach biomass waste to the purpose of the efficient rapid conversion of methane.
The TPAD reactor of the high fat content biomass waste of efficient fast processing provided by the invention, mainly comprise head tank, thermophilic digestion reactor, middle discharging cooling tank, anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor, connect discharging cooling tank in the middle of the thermophilic digestion reactor connects by discharge nozzle A between head tank and the thermophilic digestion reactor feed mouth A by feed pipe; Middle discharging cooling tank is connected charging aperture B by feed pipe B connection with the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor, the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor connects anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device by discharge nozzle B.
Be provided with charging aperture A and gas outlet A on the thermophilic digestion reactor, the thermophilic digestion reactor adopts double-decker, and internal layer is used for the anaerobic digestion reaction of biomass waste, and is outer for holding mobile recirculated water; Be provided with charging aperture B, gas outlet B on the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor.
The biogas that the thermophilic digestion reactor produces enters Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag A by the outlet pipe A that is connected to gas outlet A; Be connected with gas flowmeter A among the outlet pipe A; The gas that the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor produces enters Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag B by the outlet pipe B that is connected on the B of gas outlet, is connected with gas flowmeter B on the outlet pipe B.
The circulating water intake of thermophilic digestion reactor 6 links to each other by water inlet pipe A with the delivery port of water circulating pump A, and the circulating water outlet of thermophilic digestion reactor links to each other by outlet pipe A with the water inlet of water circulating pump A; The circulating water intake of mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor links to each other by water inlet pipe B with the delivery port of water circulating pump B, and the circulating water outlet of mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor links to each other by outlet pipe B with the water inlet of water circulating pump B.
Circulating water outlet height on the described thermophilic digestion reactor is higher than the height of import; Circulating water outlet height on the described mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor is higher than the height of import.Water circulating pump A and water circulating pump B respectively design temperature are 55 ° of C and 35 ° of C.
Be connected with peristaltic pump 2 and pipeline switch control valve A in the middle of the pipeline of feed pipe; Be provided with pipeline switch control valve B and peristaltic pump in the middle of the feed pipe B; Switching control pilot C is set on the pipeline of discharge nozzle B.The present invention combines the advantage of thermophilic digestion and mesophilic anaerobic digestion, can realize that high fat content biomass waste is to the efficient rapid conversion of regenerative resource methane.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is TPAD structure of reactor schematic diagram of the present invention.
Among the figure:
1-head tank, 2,19-peristaltic pump A, B 3,20-feed pipe A, B
4,21,31-pipeline switch control valve A, B, C 5,22-charging aperture A, B 6-thermophilic digestion reactor
7,23-gas outlet A, B 8,24-electric mixer A, B 9,25-water circulating pump A, B
10,26-water inlet pipe A, B 11,27-outlet pipe A, B 12,29-gas flowmeter A, B
13,30-Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag A, B 14,28-outlet pipe A, B 15,32-discharge nozzle A, B
16-middle discharging cooling tank 17-anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device 18-mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is carried out more detailed explanation.
The TPAD reactor that the purpose of this invention is to provide the high fat content biomass waste of a kind of efficiently fast processing.As shown in Figure 1, described TPAD reactor mainly comprises head tank 1, thermophilic digestion reactor 6, middle discharging cooling tank 16, anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device 17 and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18, head tank 1 is used for holding the urban biomass refuse, the urban biomass refuse can be pumped into the peristaltic pump 2 of thermophilic digestion reactor 6; Connect by feed pipe 3 between head tank 1 and thermophilic digestion reactor 6 charging apertures 5, be connected with peristaltic pump 2 and pipeline switch control valve A4 in the middle of the pipeline of feed pipe 3; Thermophilic digestion reactor 6 includes charging aperture A5 and gas outlet A7, and thermophilic digestion reactor 6 adopts double-decker, and internal layer is used for the anaerobic digestion reaction of biomass waste, and is outer for holding mobile recirculated water; The delivery port of water circulating pump A9 links to each other with the circulating water intake of thermophilic digestion reactor 6 by water inlet pipe A10, and the water inlet of water circulating pump A9 links to each other with the circulating water outlet of thermophilic digestion reactor 6 by outlet pipe A11.Circulating water outlet height on the described thermophilic digestion reactor 6 is higher than the height of import); The urban biomass refuse enters middle discharging cooling tank 16 by discharge nozzle A15 after reacting through thermophilic digestion; The biogas that reaction produces enters Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag A13 by the outlet pipe A14 that is connected to gas outlet A7; Be connected with gas flowmeter A12 among the outlet pipe A14, be used for recording the volume of product gas; The anaerobism mud extraction that middle discharging cooling tank is 16 li can enter mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 through peristaltic pump B19; Be provided with pipeline switch control valve B21 and peristaltic pump 19 in the middle of the feed pipe B20 of middle discharging cooling tank 16 and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18; Mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 is identical with the structure of thermophilic digestion reactor 6, charging aperture B22, gas outlet B23 and circulating water cooling system have been included, difference is that the circulating water temperature in two reactors is different, and temperature is by controlling with the water circulating pump A9 that is connected separately and water circulating pump B25; The circulating water intake of mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 links to each other by water inlet pipe B26 with the delivery port of water circulating pump B25, and the circulating water outlet of mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 links to each other by outlet pipe B27 with the water inlet of water circulating pump B25.The gas that produces through mesophilic anaerobic digestion enters Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag B30 by the outlet pipe B28 that is connected on the B23 of gas outlet, and the biogas generation is measured by gas flowmeter B29; The mesophilic anaerobic digestion mud extraction is collected by anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device 17.
Water circulating pump A9 and water circulating pump B25 respectively design temperature are 55 ° of C and 35 ° of C, and continuously operation.Before processing the urban biomass refuse, need to inoculate kind of a mud, and after finishing the domestication cultivation, the reactor start-up success progressively promotes organic loading to 10kg VS/m with thermophilic digestion reactor 6 and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18
3D, and under this load, move 3 hydraulic detention times, thermophilic digestion reactor 6 and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 enter to be stablized the processing phase.
Described thermophilic digestion reactor 6 and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 adopt the semicontinuous method of operation, and feed cycle is 1 day.The total measurement (volume) of thermophilic digestion reactor 6 and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 is 6L, and dischargeable capacity is 4L.The order of thermophilic digestion reactor 6 and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 input and output materials is as follows: open the pipeline switch control valve C31 of mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18 discharge nozzle B32, discharging 48.78g is to anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device 17; Open the pipeline switch control valve B21 of the discharge nozzle A15 of thermophilic digestion reactor 6, discharging 51.35g is to middle discharging cooling tank 16, when the high temperature anaerobic mud extraction in the middle for the treatment of in the discharging cooling tank 16 is cooled to 35 ° of C, by peristaltic pump B19 it is pumped into mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor 18, the semicontinuous stirring of electric mixer B24 was stirred 15 minutes in per 2 hours; (material is the mixture of changing food waste, fruits and vegetables rubbish, excess sludge and edible oil to peristaltic pump A2 with the 54.05g material in the head tank 1, VS content is the 0.74gVS/g material, grease VS concentration is 70%) pump in the thermophilic digestion reactor 6, the semicontinuous stirring of electric mixer A8 was stirred 15 minutes in per 2 hours.The biogas that reaction produces is collected by Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag A13 later through gas flowmeter A12.After the urban biomass refuse digested through thermophilic digestion reactor 6, the VS clearance was 62%, can collect biogas 38.80L.After the mud process thermophilic digestion reactor 18 in the middle discharging cooling tank 16, with respect to the material in the head tank 1, the VS clearance reaches 81%, can again collect biogas 8.76L.
Adopt the urban biomass refuse of this high temperature-high fat content of middle temperature TPAD reactor for treatment, the highest grease VS concentration of processing reaches 70% urban biomass refuse, and adopting separately the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor, the highest grease VS concentration of processing reaches 60% urban biomass refuse.Adopt this TPAD reactor, the VS clearance reaches 81%, and adopts separately the thermophilic digestion reactor, and the VS clearance only has 62%.This high temperature-middle temperature TPAD reactor can realize that high fat content urban biomass refuse is to the efficient rapid conversion of regenerative resource methane.
Thermophilic digestion has advantages of that reaction speed is fast, therefore adopts thermophilic digestion to process and contains the higher urban biomass refuse of grease concentration.Mesophilic anaerobic digestion has advantages of that treatment effeciency is high, adopts mesophilic anaerobic digestion to process the urban biomass refuse and can reach higher VS clearance.The present invention has concentrated the thermophilic digestion reaction fast and the high advantage of mesophilic anaerobic digestion efficient, and this high temperature-middle temperature TPAD reactor can realize that high fat content urban biomass refuse is to the efficient rapid conversion of methane.
Terminological interpretation
VS：volatile?solid。Volatile solid refers to can spend the part solid that volatilize under the high temperature 550 in total solid, generally represents with VS.The residue that can not volatilize is called as ash content.Many studies have shown that, all organic matters all are volatile solids, therefore measure the amount of VS in the raw material, just can know organic general proportions in the raw material.
Claims (9)
1. TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste, it is characterized in that: mainly comprise head tank, thermophilic digestion reactor, middle discharging cooling tank, anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor, connect discharging cooling tank in the middle of the thermophilic digestion reactor connects by discharge nozzle A between head tank and the thermophilic digestion reactor feed mouth A by feed pipe; Middle discharging cooling tank is connected charging aperture B by feed pipe B connection with the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor, the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor connects anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device by discharge nozzle B.
2. a kind of TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with charging aperture A and gas outlet A on the thermophilic digestion reactor, the thermophilic digestion reactor adopts double-decker, internal layer is used for the anaerobic digestion reaction of biomass waste, and is outer for holding mobile recirculated water; Be provided with charging aperture B, gas outlet B on the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor, the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor adopts double-decker, and internal layer is used for the anaerobic digestion reaction of biomass waste, and is outer for holding mobile recirculated water.
3. a kind of TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the biogas that the thermophilic digestion reactor produces enters Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag A by the outlet pipe A that is connected to gas outlet A; Be connected with gas flowmeter A among the outlet pipe A; The gas that the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor produces enters Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag B by the outlet pipe B that is connected on the B of gas outlet, is connected with gas flowmeter B on the outlet pipe B.
4. a kind of TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the circulating water intake of thermophilic digestion reactor 6 links to each other by water inlet pipe A with the delivery port of water circulating pump A, and the circulating water outlet of thermophilic digestion reactor links to each other by outlet pipe A with the water inlet of water circulating pump A; The circulating water intake of mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor links to each other by water inlet pipe B with the delivery port of water circulating pump B, and the circulating water outlet of mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor links to each other by outlet pipe B with the water inlet of water circulating pump B.
5. a kind of TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the circulating water outlet height on the described thermophilic digestion reactor is higher than the height of import; Circulating water outlet height on the described mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor is higher than the height of import.
6. a kind of TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: water circulating pump A and water circulating pump B respectively design temperature are 55 ° of C and 35 ° of C.
7. a kind of TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected with peristaltic pump 2 and pipeline switch control valve A in the middle of the pipeline of feed pipe; Be provided with pipeline switch control valve B and peristaltic pump in the middle of the feed pipe B; Switching control pilot C is set on the pipeline of discharge nozzle B.
8. TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste, it is characterized in that: described thermophilic digestion reactor and mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor adopt the semicontinuous method of operation, the order of input and output material is as follows: open the pipeline switch control valve C of mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor discharge nozzle B, discharging is to anaerobism mud extraction gathering-device; Open the pipeline switch control valve B of the discharge nozzle A of thermophilic digestion reactor, discharging is to middle discharging cooling tank, when the high temperature anaerobic mud extraction in the middle for the treatment of in the discharging cooling tank is cooled to 35 ° of C, by peristaltic pump B it is pumped into the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reactor, the semicontinuous stirring of electric mixer B; Peristaltic pump A pumps into the material in the head tank in the thermophilic digestion reactor, the semicontinuous stirring of electric mixer A; The biogas that the thermophilic digestion reaction produces is collected by Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag A later through gas flowmeter A; The biogas that the mesophilic anaerobic digestion reaction produces is collected by Storage Time in Gas Collecting Bag B later through gas flowmeter B.
9. a kind of TPAD reactor of processing high fat content biomass waste according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described semicontinuous stirring refers to stir 15 minutes in per 2 hours.
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