CN103007780A - Coagulation diatomite membrane as well as preparation method thereof and method for treating eutrophic water body by utilizing same - Google Patents
Coagulation diatomite membrane as well as preparation method thereof and method for treating eutrophic water body by utilizing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a preparation method for a diatomite membrane and determination of a method for treating a eutrophic water body. The diatomite membrane is a microfiltration ceramic film taking diatomite as a raw material, and comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 65-94% of diatomite, 0.5-8% of natural zeolite and 5-30% of starch. Before the eutrophic water body is treated by utilizing the diatomite membrane, a coagulant is added firstly to pre-treat the water body, so that contaminants such as algae, N, P and the like in the water body can be effectively removed. The coagulation diatomite membrane has the characteristics of high treatment efficiency, no secondary pollution and no damage to algae cell bodies.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of environment protection, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of diatomite film, and process determining of eutrophic water body method.
Background technology
Oneself becomes the water pollution control difficult problem of the world today's property body eutrophication problem, has caused that people pay close attention to greatly.The main manifestations of body eutrophication is that N, the P content in the water body is seriously higher, algal bloom.The major technique of administering at present eutrophication water has Physical, chemical method and bioanalysis.Though the Physical effect is better, but quantities is large, operation period is long, and one time input cost is slightly high.Although chemical method efficient is high, but produce easily secondary pollution, thereby make water quality environment form serious vicious circle, such as dissolved oxygen decline, fish kills, bio-diversity reduction etc., have a strong impact on ecosystem structures and function, even may cause the paralysis of whole water ecosystem, sow the seeds of trouble in the future.Bioanalysis be a kind of very effective and also can also bring economic benefit except the algae mode, also do not have the problem of secondary pollution, but this method cycle is longer, be still waiting further to improve and ripe.Coagulation diatomite film combined method is processed eutrophication water, is a kind of physical chemistry combined method.At first dosing coagulant preliminary treatment water body passes through the diatomaceous earth membrane water treatment facilities with pretreated water body again, thereby removes algae, the pollutants such as N, P in the water body.The method has the treatment effeciency height, does not produce secondary pollution and does not destroy the characteristics of alga cells body.
Publication number be patent documentation that CN 102371145A, name are called " composite efficient cyanobacteria-eutrophication water treatment agent " disclose a kind of with Concave-convex clay rod, bentonite and natural zeolite mixing, modification and with the preparation method of blue-green algae Combined Processing eutrophication water, its defective is: the service efficiency of water treatment agent is not high, and is difficult to recycling.Publication number is that the patent documentation that CN 101182054, name are called " a kind of method by supersonic algae removing " discloses a kind of method of removing algae in the eutrophication water by ultrasonic wave, its defective is: destroyed the alga cells body, cause the release of algae toxin, easily produce secondary pollution, influential to water safety.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the coagulation diatomite film combined method for the treatment of eutrophication water that a kind of efficient is high, cheap, be difficult for producing secondary pollution and do not destroy the alga cells body for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is to propose diatomite film and preparation method thereof, proposes a kind of novel prilling process.
A kind of diatomite film
,Be a kind of microfiltration ceramic membrane take diatomite as primary raw material, thereby zeolite is made sintering aid, soluble starch is made pore creating material and made high flux, the ceramic membrane of high porosity by adding; Each components by weight of ceramic membrane is respectively: diatomite 65%～94%, natural zeolite 0.5%～8%, starch 5%～30%; SiO in diatomite and the zeolite
2Proportion is about 65%～75%.
The concrete preparation method of above-mentioned diatomite film is as follows:
(1) material powder preparation: with 400 order diatomite, soluble starch and 10 order zeolite granulars mix in proportion, put into agate jar; Wherein the volume ratio of abrading-ball, raw material, deionized water is 2:1:1, wet-milling 4～5h in the 220r/min ball mill; After raw material after the wet-milling put into 65 ℃ of oven dry of baking oven, put into ball mill for dry grinding and become powder.
(2) granulation: the material powder after will dry grinding adds deionized water, deionized water: powder=(1～3): 20, and powder is slightly crossed 10～80 mesh sieves behind the toughness; Behind the dry ageing 24h, grain composition gets 10～80 order powders.
(3) compression molding: pellet is joined in the steel die, make powder stressed relative even by malleation and back-pressure, at 10 ~ 50MPa it is pressed into sheet, and the laminar film base is put into 105 ℃ of dry 24h of drying box.
(4) sintering: the ceramic membrane base substrate that suppresses is put into the Muffle furnace sintering, strictly controls heating rate, and when temperature was lower than 200 ℃, heating rate was controlled at 2～3 ℃/min; In the time of 200～300 ℃, heating rate is controlled at 1～2 ℃/min; When temperature reaches 300 ℃, need in that the temperature insulation is about 2～3 hours at 300 ℃; In the time of 300～900 ℃, heating rate is controlled at 3～6 ℃/min; Heating rate is controlled at 1～2 ℃/min in the time of 900～1100 ℃; Insulation 30min when temperature reaches 1100 ℃.
A kind of method of utilizing coagulation diatomite film to process rich battalionization water body is to pass through first dosing coagulant preliminary treatment water body, again water after the preliminary treatment is passed through the diatomite film.
Described coagulant comprises PAC, FeCl
3, PSFZn.The operational effect of combined method when relatively adding different coagulation, thus determine best coagulant.The present invention adopts coagulation diatomite film combined method to process rich battalionization water body, and during alone diatomite film, film only has absorption, bridge formation and centrifugation, can only remove algae and TP in the eutrophication water, to COD
MnNot good with the removal effect of TN, therefore, but before ceramic membrane technique, increase coagulation process intensified ceramic film to the removal effect of eutrophication water, this during than independent use ceramic membrane treatment effeciency higher, and improve membrane pollution problem.In whole combined method process, can not destroy frustule, avoid the release of algae toxin, ensure the safety in the drinking water treatment process.
Make the material method than wet-milling after the method for direct manual granulation convenient, and granulation is more even, the film base that is pressed into after the grain composition is more smooth, the flux of film is also higher.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is coagulation diatomite film combined method for the treatment of the method for eutrophication water, by the coagulation pretreatment water body, again water after the preliminary treatment is passed through the diatomite film.To select best coagulant and the optimum dosage of definite coagulant during the coagulation pretreatment water body.
Each component proportion of diatomite film is respectively: diatomite 65%～94%, natural zeolite 0.5%～8%, starch 5%～30%.After diatomite, zeolite, soluble starch and deionized water mixed by a certain percentage, put into ball grinder, the control drum's speed of rotation is 220r/min, operation 4～5h; With the mixed material oven dry, add a little deionized water in the material powder after the dry grinding, powder is slightly crossed 10～80 mesh sieves behind the toughness, behind the ageing 24h, grain composition; Again granular material is put into mould, with forcing press extrusion forming under 10～50MPa; Mould base after the moulding is put into baking oven, remove wherein moisture 105 ℃ of oven dry; At last the mould base is put into Muffle furnace, carry out sintering according to strict sintering procedure, make the tabular microfiltration ceramic membrane.
The present invention adopts coagulation diatomite film combined method to process rich battalionization water body, to the turbidity in the water body, Chl-a, TP, COD
MnMore effective than alone diatomite film with the removal effect of TN, therefore, but before ceramic membrane technique, increase coagulation process intensified ceramic film to the removal effect of eutrophication water, and improve membrane pollution problem.In whole combined method process, can not destroy frustule, avoid the release of algae toxin, ensure the safety in the processing procedure of drinking water.Make the material method than wet-milling after the method for direct manual granulation convenient, and granulation is more even, the film base that is pressed into after the grain composition is more smooth, the flux of film is also higher.
Below provide 5 embodiment with further elaboration the present invention:
Embodiment 1
Component for the treatment of eutrophication water process conditions and diatomite film is as follows:
| The coagulant kind | Coagulant charging quantity mmol/L | Diatomite (%) | Zeolite (%) | Soluble starch (%) |
| PAC | 0.2 | 84 | 1 | 15 |
During preparation diatomite film, add 100 parts of deionized waters in mixed powder, put into ball grinder, the control drum's speed of rotation is 220r/min, operation 4～5h; With the mixed material oven dry, add a little deionized water in the material powder after the dry grinding, powder is slightly crossed 60 mesh sieves behind the toughness, behind the ageing 24h, grain composition; Again pellet is joined in the steel die, make powder stressed relative even by malleation and back-pressure, under 30MPa, it is pressed into sheet, and the laminar film base put into 105 ℃ of dry 24h of drying box, the ceramic membrane base substrate that suppresses is put into the resistance furnace sintering, strict control heating rate, heating rate is at 1 ℃/min when controlling 100 ~ 300 ℃, need to be incubated 60min when reaching 300 ℃, temperature heating rate in the time of 300 ~ 1000 ℃ is controlled at 6 ℃/min in the stove, and when temperature was in 1000 ~ 1100 ℃, the control heating rate was at 1 ~ 2 ℃/min, reach 1100 ℃ of insulation 30min, make the sheet microfiltration ceramic membrane.
The lake water that to take from the lake, Jiangsu adds the PAC preliminary treatment, and the amount that adds is 0.2mmol/L, the COD before processing in the water
Mn, Chl-a is respectively 15.54mg/L, 7.50 μ g/L, becomes respectively 11.33mg/L, 5.6 μ g/L after the processing.Pretreated water is found in process of the test through prepared diatomite film small testing device, increases with filtration time, and flux reduces, and rejection raises, and initial flux is 9.24m
3/ (m
2H), flux is reduced to 0.42m behind the 35min
3/ (m
2H).Filtering 10min and carry out sample analysis, is 96.8% to water body Determination of Chlorophyll a clearance.
Embodiment 2
Component for the treatment of eutrophication water process conditions and diatomite film is as follows:
| The coagulant kind | Coagulant charging quantity mmol/L | Diatomite (%) | Zeolite (%) | Soluble starch (%) |
| FeCl 3 | 0.2 | 84 | 1 | 15 |
During preparation diatomite film, add 100 parts of deionized waters in mixed powder, put into ball grinder, the control drum's speed of rotation is 220r/min, operation 4～5h; With the mixed material oven dry, add a little deionized water in the material powder after the dry grinding, powder is slightly crossed 60 mesh sieves behind the toughness, behind the ageing 24h, grain composition; Again pellet is joined in the steel die, make powder stressed relative even by malleation and back-pressure, under 30MPa, it is pressed into sheet, and the laminar film base put into 105 ℃ of dry 24h of drying box, the ceramic membrane base substrate that suppresses is put into the resistance furnace sintering, strict control heating rate, heating rate is at 1 ℃/min when controlling 100 ~ 300 ℃, need to be incubated 60min when reaching 300 ℃, temperature heating rate in the time of 300 ~ 1000 ℃ is controlled at 6 ℃/min in the stove, and when temperature was in 1000 ~ 1100 ℃, the control heating rate was at 1 ~ 2 ℃/min, reach 1100 ℃ of insulation 30min, make the sheet microfiltration ceramic membrane.
The lake water that to take from the lake, Jiangsu adds FeCl
3Preliminary treatment, the amount that adds are 0.2mmol/L, the COD before processing in the water
Mn, Chl-a is respectively 15.54mg/L, 7.50 μ g/L, becomes respectively 11.01mg/L, 4.90 μ g/L after the processing.Pretreated water is found in process of the test through prepared diatomite film small testing device, increases with filtration time, and flux reduces, and rejection raises, and initial flux is 9.24m
3/ (m
2H), flux is reduced to 0.42m behind the 45min
3/ (m
2H).Filtering 10min and carry out sample analysis, is 97.8% to water body Determination of Chlorophyll a clearance.
Embodiment 3
Component for the treatment of eutrophication water process conditions and diatomite film is as follows:
| The coagulant kind | Coagulant charging quantity mmol/L | Diatomite (%) | Zeolite (%) | Soluble starch (%) |
| PSFZn | 0.2 | 84 | 1 | 15 |
During preparation diatomite film, add 100 parts of deionized waters in mixed powder, put into ball grinder, the control drum's speed of rotation is 220r/min, operation 4～5h; With the mixed material oven dry, add a little deionized water in the material powder after the dry grinding, powder is slightly crossed 60 mesh sieves behind the toughness, behind the ageing 24h, grain composition; Again pellet is joined in the steel die, make powder stressed relative even by malleation and back-pressure, under 30MPa, it is pressed into sheet, and the laminar film base put into 105 ℃ of dry 24h of drying box, the ceramic membrane base substrate that suppresses is put into the resistance furnace sintering, strict control heating rate, heating rate is at 1 ℃/min when controlling 100 ~ 300 ℃, need to be incubated 60min when reaching 300 ℃, temperature heating rate in the time of 300 ~ 1000 ℃ is controlled at 6 ℃/min in the stove, and when temperature was in 1000 ~ 1100 ℃, the control heating rate was at 1 ~ 2 ℃/min, reach 1100 ℃ of insulation 30min, make the sheet microfiltration ceramic membrane.
The lake water that to take from the lake, Jiangsu adds the PSFZn preliminary treatment, and the amount that adds is 0.2mmol/L, the COD before processing in the water
Mn, Chl-a is respectively 15.54mg/L, 7.50 μ g/L, becomes respectively 8.01mg/L, 4.30 μ g/L after the processing.Pretreated water is found in process of the test through prepared diatomite film small testing device, increases with filtration time, and flux reduces, and rejection raises, and initial flux is 9.24m
3/ (m
2H), flux is reduced to 0.42m behind the 50min
3/ (m
2H).Filtering 10min and carry out sample analysis, is 98.1% to water body Determination of Chlorophyll a clearance.
Embodiment 4
Component for the treatment of eutrophication water process conditions and diatomite film is as follows:
| The coagulant kind | Coagulant charging quantity mmol/L | Diatomite (%) | Zeolite (%) | Soluble starch (%) |
| PSFZn | 0.3 | 88 | 2 | 10 |
During preparation diatomite film, add 100 parts of deionized waters in mixed powder, put into ball grinder, the control drum's speed of rotation is 220r/min, operation 4～5h; With the mixed material oven dry, add a little deionized water in the material powder after the dry grinding, powder is slightly crossed 60 mesh sieves behind the toughness, behind the ageing 24h, grain composition; Again pellet is joined in the steel die, make powder stressed relative even by malleation and back-pressure, under 13MPa, it is pressed into sheet, and the laminar film base put into 105 ℃ of dry 24h of drying box, the ceramic membrane base substrate that suppresses is put into the resistance furnace sintering, strict control heating rate, heating rate is at 1 ℃/min when controlling 100 ~ 300 ℃, need to be incubated 60min when reaching 300 ℃, temperature heating rate in the time of 300 ~ 1000 ℃ is controlled at 6 ℃/min in the stove, and when temperature was in 1000 ~ 1100 ℃, the control heating rate was at 1 ~ 2 ℃/min, reach 1100 ℃ of insulation 30min, make the sheet microfiltration ceramic membrane.
The lake water that to take from the lake, Jiangsu adds the PSFZn preliminary treatment, and the amount that adds is 0.3mmol/L, the COD before processing in the water
Mn, Chl-a is respectively 15.54mg/L, 7.50 μ g/L, becomes respectively 7.93mg/L, 4.12 μ g/L after the processing.Pretreated water is found in process of the test through prepared diatomite film small testing device, increases with filtration time, and flux reduces, and rejection raises, and initial flux is 19.24m
3/ (m
2H), flux is reduced to 0.42m behind the 60min
3/ (m
2H).Filtering 10min and carry out sample analysis, is 98.8% to water body Determination of Chlorophyll a clearance.
Embodiment 5
Component for the treatment of eutrophication water process conditions and diatomite film is as follows:
| The coagulant kind | Coagulant charging quantity mmol/L | Diatomite (%) | Zeolite (%) | Soluble starch (%) |
| PSFZn | 0.1 | 84 | 2 | 15 |
During preparation diatomite film, add 100 parts of deionized waters in mixed powder, put into ball grinder, the control drum's speed of rotation is 220r/min, operation 4～5h; With the mixed material oven dry, add a little deionized water in the material powder after the dry grinding, powder is slightly crossed 60 mesh sieves behind the toughness, behind the ageing 24h, grain composition; Again pellet is joined in the steel die, make powder stressed relative even by malleation and back-pressure, under 13MPa, it is pressed into sheet, and the laminar film base put into 105 ℃ of dry 24h of drying box, the ceramic membrane base substrate that suppresses is put into the resistance furnace sintering, strict control heating rate, heating rate is at 1 ℃/min when controlling 100 ~ 300 ℃, need to be incubated 60min when reaching 300 ℃, temperature heating rate in the time of 300 ~ 1000 ℃ is controlled at 6 ℃/min in the stove, and when temperature was in 1000 ~ 1100 ℃, the control heating rate was at 1 ~ 2 ℃/min, reach 1100 ℃ of insulation 30min, make the sheet microfiltration ceramic membrane.
The lake water that to take from the lake, Jiangsu adds the PSFZn preliminary treatment, and the amount that adds is 0.1mmol/L, the COD before processing in the water
Mn, Chl-a is respectively 15.54mg/L, 7.50 μ g/L, becomes respectively 8.93mg/L, 5.61 μ g/L after the processing.Pretreated water is found in process of the test through prepared diatomite film small testing device, increases with filtration time, and flux reduces, and rejection raises, and initial flux is 21.16m
3/ (m
2H), flux is reduced to 0.42m behind the 50min
3/ (m
2H).Filtering 10min and carry out sample analysis, is 97.3% to water body Determination of Chlorophyll a clearance.
Claims (3)
1. a diatomite film is the microfiltration ceramic membrane take diatomite as primary raw material, it is characterized in that each components by weight of ceramic membrane is respectively: diatomite 65%～94%, natural zeolite 0.5%～8%, starch 5%～30%; SiO in diatomite and the zeolite
2Proportion is about 65%～75%.
2. the preparation method of the described diatomite film of claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
(1) material powder preparation: with 400 order diatomite, soluble starch and 10 order zeolite granulars mix in proportion, put into agate jar; Wherein the volume ratio of abrading-ball, raw material, deionized water is 2:1:l, wet-milling 4～5h in 220 r/min ball mills; After raw material after the wet-milling put into 65 ℃ of oven dry of baking oven, put into ball mill for dry grinding and become powder;
(2) granulation: the material powder after will dry grinding adds deionized water, deionized water: powder=(1～3): 20, and powder is slightly crossed 10～80 mesh sieves behind the toughness; Behind the dry ageing 24h, grain composition gets 10～80 order powders;
(3) compression molding: pellet is joined in the steel die, make powder stressed relative even by malleation and back-pressure, at 10 ~ 50MPa it is pressed into sheet, and the laminar film base is put into 105 ℃ of dry 24h of drying box;
(4) sintering: the ceramic membrane base substrate that suppresses is put into the Muffle furnace sintering, strictly controls heating rate, and when temperature was lower than 200 ℃, heating rate was controlled at 2～3 ℃/min; In the time of 200～300 ℃, heating rate is controlled at 1～2 ℃/min; When temperature reaches 300 ℃, need in that the temperature insulation is about 2～3 hours at 300 ℃; In the time of 300～900 ℃, heating rate is controlled at 3～6 ℃/min; Heating rate is controlled at 1～2 ℃/min in the time of 900～1100 ℃; Insulation 30min when temperature reaches 1100 ℃.
3. a method of utilizing coagulation diatomite film to process rich battalionization water body is to pass through first dosing coagulant preliminary treatment water body, again water after the preliminary treatment is passed through the diatomite film.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104275096A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-14 | 兰州理工大学 | Preparation method of attapulgite porous membrane |
| CN105198479A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-30 | 北京东泰富博新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing starch-containing ceramic slurry from diatomite |
| CN105347506A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-02-24 | 常州大学 | Method for reducing membrane pollution of immersed membrane bioreactor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104275096A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-14 | 兰州理工大学 | Preparation method of attapulgite porous membrane |
| CN105198479A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-30 | 北京东泰富博新材料科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing starch-containing ceramic slurry from diatomite |
| CN105198479B (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-05-11 | 北京东泰富博新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of utilizing diatomite to prepare starch-containing ceramic size |
| CN105347506A (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2016-02-24 | 常州大学 | Method for reducing membrane pollution of immersed membrane bioreactor |
| CN105347506B (en) * | 2015-11-14 | 2017-10-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学环境股份有限公司 | A kind of method of fouling membrane in mitigation Nets impregnated |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |