CN102996344B - Pitch changing and periodical pitch changing device of downwind wind driven generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pitch and periodic pitch device for a downwind wind power generator that uses a wind speed rudder to change pitch and can periodically change pitch. On the top, the other end of the pitch-changing main shaft passes through the hub to form a certain angle with the pitch-changing and periodic-pitch slide rails; a reciprocating sliding fixed plate and a swash plate are installed on the pitch-variable and periodic pitch slide rails, and the swash plate is movably installed on On the fixed plate, the swash plate rotates on the fixed plate; one end of the pitch link is movably connected to the swash plate, and the other end of the pitch link is connected to the eccentric shaft at the root of the blade; the fixed plate is connected through the main link of the pitch Reciprocating pitch action mechanism. The invention has fast pitch change, strong anti-gust ability, and simple structure. Since it does not consume its own energy for wind and pitch change, the annual average power generation is higher, and the investment return period can be shortened.

Description

Pitch and Periodic Pitch Devices for Downwind Wind Turbines

technical field

The present invention relates to a wind-driven generator, in particular to a pitch-changing and periodic pitch-changing device for a downwind wind-driven generator that uses a wind speed rudder to change the pitch and can periodically change the pitch. the

Background technique

Wind power is an inexhaustible source of clean energy, and the megawatt-level has been perfected, but the structure of small and medium-sized ones is relatively complicated, the manufacturing cost is high, and the stability is poor, so it is difficult to popularize. The main reason for the high cost is that the wind-facing part and the pitch-changing part are relatively complicated, and these two parts are also prone to failure. Although there is a kind of centrifugal pitch wind turbine, although the technology is mature, it needs a relatively high speed to provide centrifugal pitch force, so it is not suitable for making it bigger, and the high speed is harmful to birds and insects, which is not conducive to environmental protection. The pitch control system can be simplified by adopting the wind speed rudder. The downwind design can reduce the number of wind-facing devices, but the wind turbines in the downwind direction will cause the whole device to vibrate due to the tower shadow effect, which is not easy to solve. the

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and provides a pitch and periodic pitch device for downwind wind turbines, which solves the problem that the whole wind generator vibrates due to the tower shadow effect. the

The technical scheme of the present invention is:

One end of the pitch-changing main shaft passes through the generator and fan main shaft and is fixed on the outer frame of the wind turbine, and the other end of the pitch-changing main shaft passes through the hub to form a certain angle with the pitch-changing and periodic-pitch slide rails; the pitch-change and periodic-pitch slide rails The reciprocating sliding fixed plate and swash plate are installed on the top, the swash plate is movably installed on the fixed plate, and the swash plate rotates on the fixed plate; one end of the pitch link is movably connected with the swash plate, and the other end of the pitch link is connected with the The eccentric shaft at the root of the blade is connected; the fixed disc is connected to the reciprocating pitch-changing action mechanism through the main pitch-changing link.

One end of the pitching spindle is fixed by the pitching spindle fixing insert, and the pitching spindle fixing insert is a spline. the

The generator and fan main shaft are hollow structures, and the generator 21 is connected to the fan main shaft with a coupling. the

The eccentric shaft is located on one side of the center line of the blade, forming a crankshaft; the swash plate is not on the same parallel line as the center line of the upper and lower blades; the swash plate is fixedly installed on the fixed plate with a bearing, Both sides of the paddle connecting rod are movably connected to the swash plate and the eccentric shaft by ball joints; the main connecting rod for pitch change is fork-shaped. the

The pitch-changing action mechanism is that one end of the wind speed rudder stock is connected with the wind speed rudder, the other end of the wind speed rudder stock is connected with the wind speed rudder support arm through the wind speed rudder shaft, and the wind speed rudder support arm is connected with the pitch main connecting rod; The wind speed rudder swing arm shaft on the rod is connected to the servo geared motor, and the servo geared motor is connected to the main connecting rod of the pitch through the screw rod, and the screw rod slides reciprocally in the servo geared motor. the

The angle change of the wind speed rudder stock is 60 °, the pitch angle of the blade is 30 °, the length of the wind speed rudder stock is three-fifths of the length of the blade, and the ratio of the wind speed rudder stock power arm and the resistance arm is 1 :80. the

The pitch-changing action mechanism includes a main wind speed rudder and an auxiliary wind speed rudder, the length of the auxiliary wind speed rudder is smaller than that of the main wind speed rudder, and the area of the auxiliary wind speed rudder is smaller than that of the main wind speed rudder; the main wind speed rudder is connected to one end of the main wind speed rudder, The other end of the main wind speed rudder is connected to the main wind speed rudder support arm through the main wind speed rudder shaft, and the main wind speed rudder support arm is connected to the main pitch control rod; the auxiliary wind speed rudder is connected to the auxiliary wind speed rudder, and the auxiliary wind speed rudder The other end is connected to the support arm of the auxiliary wind speed rudder through the auxiliary wind speed rudder shaft, and the auxiliary wind speed rudder stock is connected to the main pitch control rod through the auxiliary wind speed rudder swing arm shaft; the main wind speed rudder stock is connected to the auxiliary wind speed rudder through the main wind speed rudder swing arm shaft. on the rudder shaft. the

The advantages of the present invention are: fast pitch change, strong anti-gust ability, simple structure, and because the wind and pitch change do not consume their own energy, the annual average power generation is higher, and the return on investment period can be shortened. the

Description of drawings

      Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the pitch-changing action mechanism of the present invention. the

In the figure, 1. Blade, 2. Wind speed rudder, 3. Wind speed rudder stock, 4. Wind speed rudder swing arm shaft, 5. Wind speed rudder shaft, 6. Servo deceleration motor, 7. Screw rod, 8. Wind speed rudder support arm , 9. Pitch change main link, 10. Fixed plate, 11. Swash plate, 12. Pitch change and periodic pitch slide rail, 13. Pitch change link, 14. Eccentric shaft, 15. Propeller hub, 16. Pitch main shaft bearing, 17. Pitch main shaft, 18. Fan main shaft, 19. Fan main shaft bearing, 20. Pitch main shaft fixed installation plug-in, 21. Generator, 22. Auxiliary wind speed rudder, 23. Auxiliary wind speed rudder stock, 24 , auxiliary wind speed rudder swing arm shaft, 25, auxiliary wind speed rudder shaft. the

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, one end of the pitch main shaft 17 is fixedly installed on the outer frame of the wind power generator 21 through the pitch main shaft fixed installation insert 20 to prevent it from rotating, and the pitch main shaft 17 passes through the hollow generator 21 and the fan main shaft 18. The pitch-changing main shaft bearing 16 is fixed so as not to shake, and the pitch-changing main shaft 17 passes through the propeller hub 15 to form a certain included angle with the pitch-changing and periodic pitch-changing slide rails 12 . The fan main shaft 18 is hollow, and the generator 21 is also hollow, and the generator 21 is connected to the fan main shaft 18 with a coupling. The fixed installation plug-in 20 of the pitching main shaft is a spline, which is matched and installed with the pitching main shaft. The fixed installation plug-in 20 of the pitching main shaft is fixed on the outer arm of the generator so that the pitching main shaft can neither rotate nor move in series.

The swash plate 11 and the fixed plate 10 slide back and forth on the pitch and periodic pitch slide rail 12, the swash plate 11 is fixedly installed on the fixed plate 10 with bearings, the swash plate 11 rotates on the fixed plate 10, and the fixed plate 10 can only slide back and forth on the pitch and periodic pitch slide rail 12 and cannot rotate. The two sides of the pitch connecting rod 13 are movably connected to the swash plate 11 and the eccentric shaft 14 at the root of the blade with ball joints. When the swash plate 11 slides back and forth, the pitch control link 13 drives the eccentric shaft 14 to rotate. The eccentric shaft 14 is located on one side of the center line of the blade 1, forming a crankshaft, thereby pushing and pulling the blade to rotate and change pitch. The center lines of the blades are not on the same parallel line, so when the same blade is turned upwards, the connecting rod pulls, and when it is turned downwards, the connecting rod pushes. The significance of periodical pitch is to solve the tower shadow effect of downwind wind turbines, reduce vibration and prolong the service life of wind turbines. the

The wind speed rudder provides power for pitch change and controls the amount of pitch change. Its principle is that the wind speed rudder is an airfoil. When the wind speed is low, the position and angle of the wind speed rudder rod are changed by resistance. When the wind speed is high, the airfoil rudder generates lift to change the wind speed. The position and angle of the rudder stock, different wind speeds, the wind speed rudder has different positions and angles, and has quick response, strong anti-shock wind ability, the angle change of the wind speed rudder stock can reach 60°, and the pitch angle of the blade is 30° , the length of the wind speed rudder stock is three-fifths of the length of the blade, and the ratio of the wind speed rudder stock power arm to the resistance arm is 1:80, so it has a certain self-locking performance. One end of the wind speed rudder stock 3 is connected to the wind speed rudder 2, and the other end of the wind speed rudder stock 3 is connected to the wind speed rudder support arm 8 through the wind speed rudder shaft 5, and the wind speed rudder support arm 8 is connected to the main link 9 of the pitch change, and the main link of the pitch change The rod 9 is connected to one end of the fixed plate 10, the swash plate 11 rotates together with the hub of the eccentric shaft and the blade, and the fixed plate and the swash plate slide back and forth on the pitch and periodic pitch slide rail together; the wind speed on the wind speed rudder stock 3 The rudder swing arm shaft 4 is connected to the servo reduction motor 6, and the servo reduction motor 6 is connected to the pitch main link 9 through the screw rod 7. The fixed disc 10 slides back and forth. the

When the wind speed reaches a certain intensity, the wind speed rudder 2 will be blown to move to the left, and the wind speed rudder swing arm shaft 4 pulls the servo reduction motor 6, the screw rod 7, the pitch main link 9, the fixed plate 10, and the swash plate 11 1. Pitch changing connecting rod 13 and eccentric shaft 14 move to the left. Since eccentric shaft 14 and blade 1 are not on the same centerline, connecting rod 13 and eccentric shaft 14 will pull blade 1 to rotate to form pitch. The function of the servo reduction motor 6 is; when exceeding the safe wind speed, start the servo reduction motor 6 to pull the screw mandrel 7, the main connecting rod 9, the fixed disc 10, and further change the pitch to ensure the safety of the blower fan. the

Example 2

As shown in Figure 2, the pitch-changing action mechanism includes the main wind speed rudder and the auxiliary wind speed rudder, the length of the auxiliary wind speed rudder is smaller than the main wind speed rudder, and the area of the auxiliary wind speed rudder is smaller than the main wind speed rudder; One end of the main wind speed rudder stock, the other end of the main wind speed rudder rod is connected with the main wind speed rudder support arm through the main wind speed rudder shaft, and the main wind speed rudder support arm is connected on the pitch master connecting rod; the auxiliary wind speed rudder 22 is connected on the auxiliary wind speed rudder stock 23, The other end of the auxiliary wind speed rudder stock 23 is connected with the auxiliary wind speed rudder support arm through the auxiliary wind speed rudder shaft 25, and the auxiliary wind speed rudder stock 23 is connected to the pitch main link 9 through the auxiliary wind speed rudder swing arm shaft 24; The swing arm shaft of the main wind speed rudder is connected to the auxiliary wind speed rudder shaft 25 . Only after the main wind speed rudder reaches the maximum angle, the auxiliary wind speed rudder starts to start. When the safe wind speed is exceeded, the auxiliary wind speed rudder moves to the left, and the auxiliary wind speed rudder swing arm shaft 24 pulls the main connecting rod 9 to further change the pitch; other structures are the same Embodiment 1 is suitable for wind power generators below 30 kilowatts.

The generator among the present invention can also be changed into an air compressor to produce compressed air, and the compressed air can drive other pneumatic tools such as water lifters at a long distance; Take water from the air. the

Claims (7)

1. The pitch and periodic pitch device for downwind wind turbines is characterized in that one end of the pitch spindle passes through the generator and the fan spindle and is fixed on the outer frame of the wind turbine, and the other end of the pitch spindle passes through the hub to adjust the pitch It forms a certain angle with the periodic pitch slide rail; the pitch and periodic pitch slide rails are equipped with reciprocating sliding fixed plate and swash plate, the swash plate is movably installed on the fixed plate, and the swash plate rotates on the fixed plate ; One end of the pitch link is movably connected to the swash plate, and the other end of the pitch link is connected to the eccentric shaft at the root of the blade; the fixed disc is connected to the reciprocating pitch action mechanism through the pitch main link; One side of the center line of the blade forms the crankshaft; the swash plate is not on the same parallel line as the center line of the upper and lower blades, and the pitch of the same blade is different when it is turned up and down; the pitch change and the periodic pitch change The slide rails are inclined downward relative to the pitch main shaft. 2. The pitch and periodic pitch device for downwind wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that one end of the pitch-changing main shaft is fixed by a plug-in for fixing the pitch-changing main shaft, and the pitch-changing main shaft is fixedly installed Inside the insert are splines. 3. The pitch and periodic pitch device for downwind wind power generators according to claim 1, characterized in that the main shaft of the generator and the fan is hollow, and the generator is connected to the main shaft of the fan with a shaft coupling. 4. The pitch and periodic pitch device for downwind wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that the swash plate is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate with bearings, and ball joints are used on both sides of the pitch connecting rod. It is movably connected on the swash plate and the eccentric shaft; the main link for pitch change is fork type. 5. The pitch and periodic pitch device for downwind wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitch change action mechanism is that one end of the wind speed rudder stock is connected to the wind speed rudder, and the other end of the wind speed rudder stock is connected to the wind speed rudder. The wind speed rudder shaft is connected to the wind speed rudder support arm, and the wind speed rudder support arm is connected to the main connecting rod of the pitch; On the connecting rod, the screw rod slides back and forth in the servo reduction motor. 6. The pitch and periodic pitch device for downwind wind turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that the angle change of the wind speed rudder stock is 60°, the pitch angle of the blades is 30°, and the wind speed The length of the rudder stock is three-fifths of the length of the blade, and the ratio of the power arm of the wind speed rudder stock to the resistance arm is 1:80. 7. The pitch and periodic pitch device for downwind wind power generators according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitch change action mechanism comprises a main wind speed rudder and an auxiliary wind speed rudder, and the length of the auxiliary wind speed rudder stock is less than The area of the main wind speed rudder and the auxiliary wind speed rudder is smaller than that of the main wind speed rudder; the main wind speed rudder is connected to one end of the main wind speed rudder, and the other end of the main wind speed rudder is connected to the main wind speed rudder support arm through the main wind speed rudder shaft, and the main wind speed rudder supports The arm is connected to the main connecting rod of the pitch; the auxiliary wind speed rudder is connected to the auxiliary wind speed rudder stock, and the other end of the auxiliary wind speed rudder stock is connected to the auxiliary wind speed rudder support arm through the auxiliary wind speed rudder shaft, and the auxiliary wind speed rudder swings through the auxiliary wind speed rudder The arm shaft is connected to the main connecting rod of the pitch; the main wind speed rudder stock is connected to the auxiliary wind speed rudder shaft through the main wind speed rudder swing arm shaft.