CN102996223A - Premixed combustion system of diesel engine - Google Patents
Premixed combustion system of diesel engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102996223A CN102996223A CN2012104303381A CN201210430338A CN102996223A CN 102996223 A CN102996223 A CN 102996223A CN 2012104303381 A CN2012104303381 A CN 2012104303381A CN 201210430338 A CN201210430338 A CN 201210430338A CN 102996223 A CN102996223 A CN 102996223A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention provides a premixed combustion system of a diesel engine and belongs to the field of combustion of an internal-combustion engine. The combustion system sprays diesel oil or heavy oil or a mixture of the diesel oil and fuel with the automatic ignition temperature which is higher than that of the diesel oil and a cetane number which is lower than that of the diesel oil into a combustion chamber by a main oil spraying nozzle or sprays from an air inlet cannel to form premixed gas; a low compression ratio is adopted to enable the premixing gas formed in a cylinder not to be automatically ignited by depending on a compression temperature; with regard to the fuel which corresponds to the fuel sprayed by the main oil spraying nozzle and is directly sprayed into the combustion chamber from a part adjacent to a compression upper stopping point through a secondary oil spraying nozzle, the fuel with the low automatic ignition temperature and the high cetane number is the fuel which is easier to ignite by compression; and the fuel is ignited and combusted in the cylinder so as to effectively control an ignition phase of the premixed gas and realize the homogenous premixed compression ignition in a full work condition range. Waste gas is recycled or water is sprayed into an air cylinder or the air inlet channel to control the combustion speed; and the high heat efficiency is guaranteed by a high expansion ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of premixed combustion system of diesel engine, it belongs to the combustion in IC engine field.
Background technique
As everyone knows, on the one hand the diversification of diesel fuel progress is being accelerated, and on the other hand, in order to satisfy increasingly strict Abgasgesetz and to the requirement of Economy, the technology of diesel engine becomes increasingly complex, cost is constantly soaring.In addition, the fast development of battery technology has also formed stern challenge to diesel engine.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve diesel engine performance, and reduction cost, strengthen the competitive ability of diesel engine, the invention provides a kind of premixed combustion system of diesel engine, this combustion system adopts the thermodynamic cycle of low compression ratio high expansion ratio, also to carry out pressurized air to supercharged diesel engine and strengthen cooling, or spray water by air inlet pipeline, or water spray in the cylinder, make the diesel oil that is sprayed into by main fuel spray nozzle in intake stroke or compression stroke, perhaps heavy oil, perhaps diesel oil and spontaneous ignition temperature are higher than diesel oil, premixed gas can not compression ignition in the cylinder that the mixture of the fuel that cetane number is lower than diesel oil forms, then spraying into fuel that relative main fuel spray nozzle sprays near is easier to compression ignite (spontaneous ignition temperature is low, the cetane number height) fuel fire, and then the premixed gas in the cylinder that ignites, effectively control the Ignition Timing of diesel engine premixed combustion, and again introduce part waste gas in the cylinder by EGR Technology, perhaps to air inlet pipeline, perhaps spray water in the firing chamber, control pre-mixing combustion speed, realize Ignition Timing and the controlled diesel engine premixed combustion of rate of burning, reach the target of high-efficiency cleaning.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of premixed combustion system of diesel engine, and it comprises one by firing chamber, a main fuel spray nozzle and a secondary oil nozzle; Described main fuel spray nozzle is installed in firing chamber or the intake duct, main fuel spray nozzle in intake stroke or compression stroke to the firing chamber or to spray diesel oil or heavy oil or diesel oil and spontaneous ignition temperature in the intake duct at intake stroke higher than diesel oil, the mixture of the fuel that cetane number is lower than diesel oil forms premixed gas.Intake method adopts natural aspiration or super charge.When adopting super charge, force cooling with the air of charger-air cooler after supercharging, or adopt the air inlet humidification, or water spray reduction compression temperature, make the premixed gas in the firing chamber can not rely on the compression temperature involuntary ignition;
At near, directly spray for the fuel of main fuel spray nozzle injection to the firing chamber with secondary oil nozzle, the fuel that spontaneous ignition temperature is low, cetane number is high, namely be easier to the fuel of compression ignite, ignition in the cylinder, the High Temperature High Pressure that burning produces, the homogeneous charge compression ignition burning that excites a premixed gas generation multiple spot in the firing chamber to catch fire simultaneously.
Described main fuel spray nozzle and secondary oil nozzle are installed in the firing chamber.
Described main fuel spray nozzle and secondary oil nozzle are made of one.
Described burning indoor location water jetting apparatus.
Water jetting apparatus is installed in the intake duct of described diesel engine.
Main fuel spray nozzle and water jetting apparatus are installed in the described air inlet path for diesel engine.
Main fuel spray nozzle is installed in the described air inlet path for diesel engine, and water jetting apparatus is installed in the firing chamber.
Described diesel engine using EGR Technology.
Described diesel engine is as automobile power the time, and idling operation main fuel spray nozzle and secondary oil nozzle all stop fuel and spray.
Described main fuel is that diesel oil or diesel oil and spontaneous ignition temperature are higher than diesel oil, and the mixture of the fuel that cetane number is lower than diesel oil is different from the fuel that is suitable for spark ignition.
The guiding theory of technique scheme is: the key issue of diesel engine homogeneous charge compression ignition mode is the control of Ignition Timing.The diesel oil that the present invention utilizes the fuel that relatively is easy to compression ignite to ignite usually to adopt the compression ignition mode or the premixed gas of diesel blended fuel are realized the controlled of Ignition Timing.Scheme adopts: 1. the two oil supply systems that comprise main fuel spray nozzle and secondary oil nozzle, main fuel spray nozzle is than early-injection diesel oil or diesel fuel mixtures, form premixed gas, near the secondary oil nozzle fuel that the relative main fuel spray nozzle of injection sprays compression is given directions is easier to the fuel of compression ignite (spontaneous ignition temperature is low, and cetane number is high); 2. reduce compression ratio, reduce the cylinder temperature of compression terminal point; 3. it is higher than diesel oil to add spontaneous ignition temperature in diesel oil, the fuel that cetane number is lower than diesel oil, the diesel blended fuel of the more difficult compression ignite of formation.Make like this premixed gas of formation can not rely on compression temperature and spontaneous combustion, spraying fuel that relative main fuel spray nozzle sprays by secondary oil nozzle is easier to compression ignite (spontaneous ignition temperature is low, cetane number is high) fuel fire, ignite and excite premixed gas generation homogeneous charge compression ignition ignition in the firing chamber.And the employing high expansion ratio is conducive to improve the efficient of internal-combustion engine, reduces oil consumption; Adopt EGR Technology and water spray technology, the useless G﹠W of part is introduced cylinder, reduce combustion temperature, thereby can control the speed of homogeneous charge compression ignition burning.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:This premixed combustion system of diesel engine, adopt low compression ratio and high expansion ratio, also to carry out pressurized air to boosting internal combustion engine and strengthen cooling, make the premixed gas in the cylinder can not compression autoignition, then secondary oil nozzle sprays fuel that relative main fuel spray nozzle sprays and is easier to compression ignite (spontaneous ignition temperature is low, cetane number is high) fuel, ignite and excite premixed gas generation homogeneous charge compression ignition ignition in the cylinder, thereby effectively controlled the Ignition Timing of pre-mixing combustion; By adding the water technology in EGR Technology and the cylinder, the speed of control pre-mixing combustion.Thereby realized Ignition Timing and the controlled diesel engine premixed combustion of rate of burning in the full condition range, can obtain ultralow NOx and carbon smoke exhaust, and kept high efficiency.This diesel engine can adapt to pluralities of fuel, and exhaust gas aftertreatment system is also comparatively simple.It is volatile and be difficult for the fuel combination that the fuel of spontaneous combustion forms to spray into diesel oil and gasoline, ethanol etc. in the cylinder, both can reduce more cylinder temperature, can reduce fuel ignition quality again, thereby it is too low to guarantee that effective compression ratio needn't arrange, is conducive to improve the thermal efficiency of motor.In this case, secondary oil nozzle can directly spray the mixture of diesel oil ignited diesel oil.Owing to realize pre-mixing combustion, the constant volume rate of heat release of circulation is increased, therefore can remedy fully even surpass and reduce the thermal efficiency loss that compression ratio brings.Test on 135 single cylinder diesels shows that the NOx discharging descends 90%, and carbon smoke exhaust reduces by 88%, and the thermal efficiency improves 5%.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is a kind of premixed combustion system of diesel engine schematic representation that adopts the outspoken spray of major-minor oil spout.
Fig. 2 is the premixed combustion system of diesel engine schematic representation that a kind of main fuel spray nozzle is installed in the outspoken spray of the secondary oil spout of intake duct.
Fig. 3 is the premixed combustion system of diesel engine schematic representation that main fuel spray nozzle and secondary oil nozzle and water jetting apparatus all adopt in-cylinder direct injection.
Fig. 4 is the premixed combustion system of diesel engine schematic representation that water jetting apparatus is installed in the outspoken spray of intake duct major-minor oil spout.
Fig. 5 is the premixed combustion system of diesel engine schematic representation that the major-minor oil nozzle is made of one formula.
Fig. 6 is that the major-minor oil nozzle is made of one formula and water jetting apparatus is installed in the premixed combustion system of diesel engine schematic representation of intake duct.
Fig. 7 is that main fuel spray nozzle is installed in the premixed combustion system of diesel engine schematic representation that the secondary oil nozzle of intake duct and water jetting apparatus directly spray.
Among the figure: 1, firing chamber, 2, main fuel spray nozzle, 3, secondary oil nozzle, 4, cylinder head, 5, major-minor oil nozzle integral type oil sprayer, 6, water jetting apparatus, 7, intake duct.
Embodiment
Premixed combustion system of diesel engine main fuel spray nozzle shown in Figure 1 and secondary oil nozzle all adopt the mode of in-cylinder direct injection.
The secondary oil nozzle of premixed combustion system of diesel engine shown in Figure 2 adopts the mode of in-cylinder direct injection, and main fuel spray nozzle is installed in the intake duct.
Premixed combustion system of diesel engine main fuel spray nozzle shown in Figure 3 and secondary oil nozzle and water jetting apparatus all adopt the mode of in-cylinder direct injection.
Premixed combustion system of diesel engine main fuel spray nozzle shown in Figure 4 and secondary oil nozzle adopt the mode of in-cylinder direct injection, and water jetting apparatus is installed in the intake duct.
Premixed combustion system of diesel engine shown in Figure 5 is made of one the formula oil sprayer with main fuel spray nozzle and secondary oil nozzle, adopts the mode of in-cylinder direct injection.
Premixed combustion system of diesel engine shown in Figure 6 is made of one the formula oil sprayer with main fuel spray nozzle and secondary oil nozzle, adopts the mode of in-cylinder direct injection, and install water jetting apparatus additional in intake duct.
Premixed combustion system of diesel engine main fuel spray nozzle shown in Figure 7 is installed in the intake duct, and secondary oil nozzle and water jetting apparatus adopt the mode of in-cylinder direct injection.
Adopt main (2) secondary (3) two oil nozzles at premixed combustion system of diesel engine shown in Figure 1, and two oil nozzles adopt all the mode of straight spray to be arranged on the cylinder head (4).Main fuel spray nozzle (2) intake stroke or compression stroke spray diesel oil in firing chamber (1) and spontaneous ignition temperature higher than diesel oil, the mixture of the fuel that cetane number is lower than diesel oil, formation premixed gas.Intake method adopts natural aspiration or super charge.When adopting super charge, force cooling with the air of charger-air cooler after supercharging, or adopt the mode of air inlet humidification to make the interior premixed gas in firing chamber (1) can not rely on the compression temperature involuntary ignition; Secondary oil nozzle (3) sprays fuel that relative main fuel spray nozzle (2) sprays near and is easier to compression ignite (spontaneous ignition temperature is low, the cetane number height) fuel, the High Temperature High Pressure that ignition produces, excite the premixed gas of (1) in the firing chamber, the homogeneous charge compression ignition ignition that multiple spot catches fire simultaneously occurs.
Adopt main (2) secondary (3) two oil nozzles at premixed combustion system of diesel engine shown in Figure 2, main fuel spray nozzle (2) is installed in the intake duct (7), and auxiliary jet (3) install combustion is indoor.Main fuel spray nozzle (2) intake stroke spray diesel oil in the intake duct (7) and spontaneous ignition temperature higher than diesel oil, the mixture of the fuel that cetane number is lower than diesel oil, formation premixed gas.Intake method adopts natural aspiration or super charge.When adopting super charge, force cooling with the air of charger-air cooler after supercharging, or adopt the mode of air inlet humidification to make the interior premixed gas in firing chamber (1) can not rely on the compression temperature involuntary ignition; Secondary oil nozzle (3) sprays fuel that relative main fuel spray nozzle (2) sprays near and is easier to compression ignite (spontaneous ignition temperature is low, the cetane number height) fuel fire, the High Temperature High Pressure that burning produces, excite the premixed gas in the firing chamber (1), the homogeneous charge compression ignition ignition that multiple spot catches fire simultaneously occurs.
Adopt main (2) secondary (3) two oil nozzles at premixed combustion system of diesel engine shown in Figure 3, and two oil nozzles adopt all the mode of straight spray to be arranged on the cylinder head (4).Increase a water jetting apparatus (6), also be installed on the cylinder head (4).Main fuel spray nozzle (2) intake stroke or compression stroke spray diesel oil in firing chamber (1) and spontaneous ignition temperature higher than diesel oil, the mixture of the fuel that cetane number is lower than diesel oil, formation premixed gas.Intake method adopts natural aspiration or super charge.When adopting super charge, force cooling with the air of charger-air cooler after supercharging, and the mode that adopts water jetting apparatus (6) water spray reduces the temperature in the firing chamber, makes the premixed gas in the firing chamber (1) can not rely on the compression temperature involuntary ignition; Secondary oil nozzle (3) sprays fuel that relative main fuel spray nozzle (2) sprays near and is easier to compression ignite (spontaneous ignition temperature is low, the cetane number height) fuel fire, the High Temperature High Pressure that burning produces, excite the premixed gas of (1) in the firing chamber, the homogeneous charge compression ignition ignition that multiple spot catches fire simultaneously occurs.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 7 are on the basis of Fig. 3, respectively water jetting apparatus (6) and main fuel spray nozzle (2) are arranged in the interior scheme of intake duct (7).Its concrete working procedure is with the working procedure of each oil nozzle and water jetting apparatus among Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is made of one formula oil sprayer (5) with secondary (3) oil nozzle of master (2), arrange with cylinder head (4) on, be ejected in the firing chamber (1) in the mode of straight spray.Fig. 6 is on the basis of Fig. 5, installs water jetting apparatus (6) in intake duct (7) additional.At the intake process water spray, reduce intake temperature.
From above-described embodiment as seen, during internal combustion engine, with the endless form work of low compression ratio high expansion ratio.The effective compression ratio of internal-combustion engine is not more than the minimum compression ratio of the mixed gas involuntary ignition that can make the fuel combination that main fuel spray nozzle sprays, to guarantee that the mixed gas in the cylinder can not involuntary ignition; For boosting internal combustion engine, the air after adopting charge air cooling system with supercharging is forced cooling, or adopts the mode of water spray to reduce the temperature of gas in the air inlet pipeline.In the firing chamber, spray the diesel oil based fuel combination at intake stroke or compression stroke, form one time premixed gas; And secondary oil nozzle sprays a small amount of easily fuel of compression ignite, burn and excite a premixed gas generation pre-mixing combustion in the cylinder, thus the Ignition Timing of the indoor mixed gas generation of control combustion pre-mixing combustion.By EGR valve, cooler for recycled exhaust gas and associated pipe, the part exhaust gases of internal combustion engines can be introduced in the cylinder again, and under high load, be adopted water jetting apparatus to the firing chamber water spray, thus can be in the rate of burning of full load scope control firing chamber mixed gas.Shut down when idling, main fuel spray nozzle and secondary oil nozzle stop burner oil.Because rate of burning is fast, internal-combustion engine has the higher thermal efficiency.
Claims (9)
1. premixed combustion system of diesel engine, it comprises a firing chamber (1), a main fuel spray nozzle (2), a secondary oil nozzle (3), it is characterized in that: described main fuel spray nozzle (2) is installed in firing chamber (1) or the intake duct (7), main fuel spray nozzle (2) intake stroke or compression stroke spray diesel oil in firing chamber (1) or the intake duct (7) or spray diesel oil and spontaneous ignition temperature higher than diesel oil, the mixture of the fuel that cetane number is lower than diesel oil, formation premixed gas; Adopt the thermodynamic cycle of low compression ratio high expansion ratio, guarantee that the premixed gas in the firing chamber (1) can because of the compression temperature involuntary ignition, not have again the higher thermal efficiency; At near, directly spray for the fuel of main fuel spray nozzle (2) injection to firing chamber (1) with secondary oil nozzle (3), the fuel that spontaneous ignition temperature is low, cetane number is high, namely be easier to the fuel of compression ignite, ignition in the cylinder, the High Temperature High Pressure that burning produces, the homogeneous charge compression ignition burning that excites a premixed gas generation multiple spot in the firing chamber (1) to catch fire simultaneously.
2. premixed combustion system of diesel engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main fuel spray nozzle (2), secondary oil nozzle (3) are installed in the firing chamber (1).
3. premixed combustion system of diesel engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main fuel spray nozzle (2), secondary oil nozzle (3) are made of one, and are installed in the firing chamber (1).
4. premixed combustion system of diesel engine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: water jetting apparatus (6) is installed in described firing chamber (1).
5. it is characterized in that according to claim 2 or 3 described premixed combustion system of diesel engine: water jetting apparatus (6) is installed in the intake duct of described diesel engine (7).
6. premixed combustion system of diesel engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: main fuel spray nozzle (2) and water jetting apparatus (6) are installed in the intake duct (7).
7. premixed combustion system of diesel engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: main fuel spray nozzle (2) is installed in the intake duct (7), and water jetting apparatus (6) is installed in the firing chamber (1).
8. premixed combustion system of diesel engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described premixed combustion system utilizes EGR control combustion speed.
9. premixed combustion system of diesel engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described diesel engine is as automobile power the time, and idling operation main fuel spray nozzle (2) and secondary oil nozzle (3) all stop the fuel injection.
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| CN2012104303381A CN102996223A (en) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | Premixed combustion system of diesel engine |
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| CN2012104303381A CN102996223A (en) | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | Premixed combustion system of diesel engine |
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| CN110821717A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Three-position composite oil injector with water spraying function |
| CN111608771A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-01 | 义乌市重心汽车用品有限公司 | Three way catalyst converter and exhaust pipe belt cleaning device |
| CN111852694A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-10-30 | 潍坊天曦环保科技有限公司 | Internal purification technology for internal combustion engine |
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| CN110821717A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Three-position composite oil injector with water spraying function |
| CN111608771A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-01 | 义乌市重心汽车用品有限公司 | Three way catalyst converter and exhaust pipe belt cleaning device |
| CN111852694A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-10-30 | 潍坊天曦环保科技有限公司 | Internal purification technology for internal combustion engine |
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Application publication date: 20130327 |