CN102993009B - Preparation method of glycerin monostearate alpha crystal - Google Patents
Preparation method of glycerin monostearate alpha crystal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102993009B CN102993009B CN201210498950.2A CN201210498950A CN102993009B CN 102993009 B CN102993009 B CN 102993009B CN 201210498950 A CN201210498950 A CN 201210498950A CN 102993009 B CN102993009 B CN 102993009B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of glycerin monostearate alpha crystal. The method comprises the steps of enabling material hydrogenated palm oil and glycerol to react to generate crude monoglyceride under alkali catalysis, and then carrying out four-stage distillation to obtain the high-quality glycerin monostearate alpha crystal, wherein the content exceeds 90%. The acid value of the product disclosed by the invention is reduced to below 0.4; the freezing point is increased to 64-66 DEG C; the quality of the product is improved, and the difficult point of the prior art is overcome. Meanwhile, slag block of a pipe generated in the distillation process and the problems of disconnected production and low treatment efficiency caused by scale formation of an evaporating surface in an early technology are completely eradicated by the preparation method; and recovered glycerin and intermediate materials can be recycled. Therefore, the preparation method is low in cost, high in yield, high in controllability of the entire process, and suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and the invention belongs to chemical field, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal.
Background technology
Glyceryl monostearate is a kind of tensio-active agent of non-ionic type.It existing hydrophilic have again oleophilic group because of, there is the several functions such as wetting, emulsification, foaming.
Glyceryl monostearate is emulsifying agent and the additive of food; Be used as emulsifying agent in makeup and medical paste, make lotion fine and smooth, lubricious; For the emulsifying agent of industrial yarn finish and the lubricant of textiles; Drip agent and antifogging agent is used as in plastics film; In plastic working, make lubricant and static inhibitor, can be used as defoamer, dispersion agent, thickening material, wetting agent etc. in other respects.
Its preparation is generally and is divided into chemical method and biological process, and wherein chemical method has following several approach:
(1) obtained by glycerine and hydrogenated palm kernel oil esterification.
Hydrogenated palm kernel oil, glycerine and sodium hydroxide are added in reactor, after heating and melting, starts stirring, pass into nitrogen.Reacting by heating.This process application is the most general, but in technique, control condition is the key of product yield and purity, needs continuation perfect.
(2) direct esterification
1:(1.2 ~ 1.3 pressed by stearic acid and glycerine) mol ratio, under an acidic catalyst effect of 0.2%, at 180 ~ 250 DEG C: reaction 2 ~ 4h; Reactant speed is chilled to 100 DEG C, adds alkali catalyst neutralisation, must containing the product of monoesters 40% ~ 60% after washing with water.This process yield is low, and product purity is low, and aftertreatment difficulty, relative cost is high.
(3) ester-interchange method
Hydrogenated palm kernel oil and glycerine 0.06% ~ 0.1% Cu (OH)
2under existence, at 170 ~ 240 DEG C of reaction 1 ~ 2h, in reaction process, pass into nitrogen protection, reactant through decompression deodorization, acid neutralization, refining after obtain containing monoesters 40% ~ 60% product.Many stearins can be converted into glyceryl monostearate by this technique, but scale is limited, and product yield is low, and cost is high.
(4) Racemic glycidol saponification method
Racemic glycidol and stearic acid are under the catalysis of tetraethyl ammonium iodide, and at 100 ~ 130 DEG C of reaction 30 ~ 70min, reactant can containing the product of monoesters 80% ~ 90% after refining.This technological reaction mild condition, productive rate is high, but cost is higher.
(5) epoxy chloropropane phase transfer catalysis process
Epoxy chloropropane and sodium stearate (2:1, mol ratio), in toluene, under the catalysis of phase-transfer catalyst Tetrabutyl amonium bromide, react 2h at 90 ~ 110 DEG C; Reactant sodium chloride solution washs, and divides and gets organic phase, and distillation removing toluene and unreacted epoxy chloropropane obtain stearic acid glycidyl ester, the NaOH solution of 0.1mol/L is used to be hydrolyzed, through separation, drying, obtain product with normal hexane recrystallization, monoester content is more than 90%.The monoesters product of content 40% ~ 60% can obtain the high density product of more than 90% through molecular distillation.The productive rate of this technique is low, and cost is high.
Biological rule employing enzymatic clarification glyceryl monostearate is, use lipase as the efficient biological catalyst of one (Peng Lifeng. Food science [J], 1999,04), product not only has highly-solid selectively and regiospecificity, synthetic chemistry method can be difficult to the optical purity product that synthesizes, but long reaction time, general all more than 10 hours, and subsequent disposal is costly.
The quality of glyceryl monostearate product is directly connected to its safety applications in the fields such as medicine, food, makeup.In prior art, the standard that product can reach is iodine number (g I
2/ 100g)≤2.0, acid number (mg KOH/g)≤2.0, zero pour 55 – 60 DEG C, saponification value (mg KOH/g) 160-175.Wherein acid number only can control below 2.0, usually more than 1.0.Along with food and pharmaceutical prod are to the requirement of the demand of glyceryl monostearate especially quality, an urgent demand we promote the quality of glyceryl monostearate further.
It should be noted that in addition, glyceryl monostearate finally obtains the higher glyceryl monostearate of purity after being separated through multi-step evaporator, mono-glycerides is now the transparent liquid state of 100 DEG C, becomes thickness and be distributed as 20 to 100 object graininesses after press atomization normal temperature is air-cooled.Glyceryl monostearate becomes after particulate state finished product through press atomization, the process of a crystal transition can be there is when storing, when crystal transition occurs, meeting releases heat, if directly the glyceryl monostearate produced is packaged in summer, when crystal transition occurs, top temperature can reach between 50 to 56 degree, sensation scalds one's hand, and package centre position there will be molten state, the glyceryl monostearate melting range of general different content is at 63 to 66 DEG C, terminate after this process glyceryl monostearate progressively cools at it, glyceryl monostearate finished product can seriously lump, have a strong impact on the quality of product, more cannot obtain the higher glyceryl monostearate of alpha-crystal content.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, the preparation method of a kind of high yield, high quality, low cost, easy industrialized glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal is provided.
This object is achieved by following technical solution.This technical scheme is that high-quality glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal is prepared in lactate synthesis, technique, the cooling spray process of purifying through Four-stage distillation under base catalysis.
The preparation method of this glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal comprises the steps:
1) preparation of glyceryl monostearate crude product
First, glycerine is joined in esterification reaction tank, then catalyzer is slowly joined in esterification reaction tank, then be warming up to 90 degrees Celsius, stir 30 minutes;
Secondly, hydrogenated liquid plam oil is joined in above-mentioned esterification reaction tank, is fully uniformly mixed, be warmed up to T
0for 210-220 DEG C, control pressure P is-0.06Mpa to-0.09Mpa, carries out esterification 30min, obtains glyceryl monostearate crude product;
Wherein, described T
0be preferably 215-220 DEG C, more preferably 218 DEG C;
Described catalyzer is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, preferred sodium hydroxide.
Described catalyzer and the mass ratio of glycerine are (0.1-0.5): 100, are preferably (0.2-0.4): 100, more preferably 0.275:100.
Described hydrogenated palm kernel oil is 1:(0.98-1.3 with the ratio of the amount of substance of glycerine); Be preferably 1:(1.0-1.1), more preferably 1:1.05.
2) neutralizing treatment
In above-mentioned reacted glyceryl monostearate crude product, add phosphoric acid, adjustment pH is 6.0-7.5, is preferably 7.0, stirs 15 minutes, and then leave standstill deslagging after 2 hours, filtrate is the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate;
3) one-level distillation
By step 2) in the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate distill, distillation condition is as follows: temperature T
1for 160-225 DEG C, preferred T
1be 170 DEG C, vacuum P
1for 150-200pa, preferred P
1for 200pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut, removing most of moisture, obtain one-level distillation feed liquid.
This step is steamed except the moisture in feed liquid.
4) secondary distillation
Carry out second stage distillation by steaming one-level distillation feed liquid in step 3), distillation condition is: temperature T
2for 190-220 DEG C, preferred T
2be 195 DEG C, vacuum P
2for 3-10pa, preferred P
2for 10pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut, steam except most glycerine and free acid, obtain secondary distillation feed liquid.
5) three-stage distillation
Carry out three-stage distillation by obtaining secondary distillation feed liquid in step 4), distillation condition is: temperature T
3for 200-220 DEG C, preferred T
3be 210 DEG C, vacuum P
3for 3-15pa, preferred P
3for 8pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut, extract micro-glycerine and free acid, obtain three-stage distillation feed liquid.
6) Four-stage distillation:
Three-stage distillation feed liquid in step 5) is carried out Four-stage distillation, and distillation condition is: temperature T
4for 210-230 DEG C, vacuum P
4for 0.1-7pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut, obtain glyceryl monostearate liquid.
7) cooling spray process:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 65-73 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 2-5 DEG C/h; Pack to obtain glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal.
The present invention utilizes reaction equation, reaction equilibrium constant and test practice, determines to produce prescription proportional quantity and the length in reaction times, controls the primary quality measure such as acid number preferably.In process of production, the parameters such as each material amounts, reaction times, technological temperature, vacuum tightness are controlled effectively, allow material complete reaction, fully purify.Visible step 1) has established good quality base to step 6) for preparing glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal, and step 1) of the present invention just can obtain the fabulous glyceryl monostearate of quality to the preferred of step 6) processing parameter just.
In addition, the treatment stage of especially it should be noted that glyceryl monostearate cooling spray, very crucial effect is also played for the formation of glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal.First, a kind of liquid glyceryl monostearate keeps 65-73 DEG C after cooling, preferably 70 DEG C, reduce the temperature that mono-glycerides enters press atomization link, in follow-up spray process, eliminate the hidden danger of easily caking in advance, glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal production efficiency is directly improve 15-20% by this link; Secondly, reduce the temperature of the mono-glycerides finished particle in spray tower further by the air intake of spray tower 5-10 DEG C, more stablize Sum fanction through cooled mono-glycerides alpha-crystal; Finally, glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, controlled cooling model speed at 2-5 DEG C/h, preferably 4 DEG C/h, glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal production efficiency is directly improve 5-10% by this link; Pack to obtain glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal particle.
Through detecting quality measurements of the present invention be: iodine number (g I
2/ 100g)≤2.0; Acid number (mg KOH/g)≤1.0; Zero pour: 64-66 DEG C; Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 160-175.Detect through alpha-crystal, the content of glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal of the present invention is more than 90%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) content of the glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal of the present invention's acquisition is high, more than 90%;
2) the present invention adopts Four-stage distillation method, and the glycerine that steams and intermediate material be can be recycled, cost-saving.
3) the glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal quality product obtained is high, and whole process controllability is high, is applicable to industrial production.
Embodiment
Following content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; some simple deduction or replace can also be made; all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention; the present invention uses but the technology be not described and indexing section, is prior art.
Glyceryl monostearate quality examination adopts GB15612-1995.
The measuring method of glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal is with reference to " standard method of analysis of grease and derivative thereof " (national oil technology information center station, Li Shunlan translates, 41-44 page in 1981).
embodiment 1
Prepare high-quality glyceryl monostearate, concrete technology is as follows:
1) preparation of glyceryl monostearate crude product
The preparation of step 1) glyceryl monostearate crude product:
First, join in esterification reaction tank by 122kg glycerine, then 0.6kg sodium hydroxide slowly joins in esterification reaction tank, then is warming up to 90 degrees Celsius, stirs 30 minutes;
Secondly, 500kg hydrogenated liquid plam oil is joined in above-mentioned esterification reaction tank, is fully uniformly mixed, is warmed up to T
0be 210 DEG C, control pressure P is-0.06Mpa, carries out esterification 30min, obtains glyceryl monostearate crude product;
2) neutralizing treatment
In the glyceryl monostearate crude product of step 1), add phosphoric acid, regulate pH to be 6.0, stir 15 minutes, then leave standstill deslagging after 2 hours, filtrate is the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate.
3) one-level distillation
By step 2) in the thick ester feed liquid of glyceryl monostearate distill, distillation condition is as follows: temperature is 160 DEG C, vacuum 150pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut.
This step is steamed except the moisture in feed liquid.
4) secondary distillation
The feed liquid of steaming except moisture in step 3) is carried out second stage distillation, steams except most free glycerol and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 190 DEG C, vacuum 3pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut, obtain secondary distillation feed liquid.
5) three-stage distillation
Secondary distillation feed liquid in step 4) is entered three-stage distillation, extracts micro-glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 200 DEG C, vacuum 3pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut, obtain three-stage distillation feed liquid.
6) Four-stage distillation:
Three-stage distillation feed liquid in step 5) is entered Four-stage distillation, is separated glyceryl monostearate and stearic acid two glyceryl ester, glycerol stearate, obtains high-quality glyceryl monostearate.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 210 DEG C, vacuum 0.1-7pa, and thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, obtains glyceryl monostearate liquid.
7) cooling spray process:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 73 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 5 DEG C/h; Pack to obtain glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal, through detecting, glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal content is 90.5%.
The quality measurements of finished product is:
Iodine number (g I
2/ 100g)≤2.0; Acid number (mg KOH/g): 1.0; Zero pour: 65.8 DEG C; Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 162.
embodiment 2
Prepare high-quality glyceryl monostearate, concrete technology is as follows:
1) preparation of glyceryl monostearate crude product
The preparation of step 1) glyceryl monostearate crude product:
First, join in esterification reaction tank by 128kg glycerine, then 0.5kg sodium hydroxide slowly joins in esterification reaction tank, then is warming up to 90 degrees Celsius, stirs 30 minutes;
Secondly, 500kg hydrogenated liquid plam oil is joined in above-mentioned esterification reaction tank, is fully uniformly mixed, is warmed up to T
0be 215 DEG C, control pressure P is-0.07Mpa, carries out esterification 30min, obtains glyceryl monostearate crude product;
2) neutralizing treatment
In the glyceryl monostearate crude product of step 1), add phosphoric acid, regulate pH to be 6.5, stir 15 minutes, then leave standstill deslagging after 2 hours, filtrate is the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate.
3) one-level distillation
By step 2) in the feed liquid eliminating glycerol slag distill, distillation condition is as follows: temperature is 170 DEG C, vacuum 160pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut.
This step is steamed except the moisture in feed liquid.
4) secondary distillation
The feed liquid of steaming except moisture in step 3) is carried out second stage distillation, steams except most free glycerol and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 200 DEG C, vacuum 5pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut.
5) three-stage distillation
The feed liquid of steaming in step 4) except most of glycerine and free acid is entered three-stage distillation, extracts micro-glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 210 DEG C, vacuum 5pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut, obtain three-stage distillation feed liquid.
6) Four-stage distillation:
Three-stage distillation feed liquid in step 5) is entered Four-stage distillation, is separated glyceryl monostearate and stearic acid two glyceryl ester, glycerol stearate, obtains high-quality glyceryl monostearate.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 215 DEG C, vacuum 0.1pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Obtain glyceryl monostearate liquid.
7) cooling spray process:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 68 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 2 DEG C/h; Pack to obtain glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal, through detecting, glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal content is 91.5%.
The quality measurements of finished product is:
Iodine number (g I
2/ 100g): 0.9; Acid number (mg KOH/g): 0.6; Zero pour: 65.6 DEG C; Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 170.
embodiment 3
Prepare high-quality glyceryl monostearate, concrete technology is as follows:
1) preparation of glyceryl monostearate crude product
The preparation of step 1) glyceryl monostearate crude product:
First, join in esterification reaction tank by 135kg glycerine, then 0.37kg sodium hydroxide slowly joins in esterification reaction tank, then is warming up to 90 degrees Celsius, stirs 30 minutes;
Secondly, 500kg hydrogenated liquid plam oil is joined in above-mentioned esterification reaction tank, is fully uniformly mixed, is warmed up to T
0be 218 DEG C, control pressure P is-0.08Mpa, carries out esterification 30min, obtains glyceryl monostearate crude product;
2) neutralizing treatment
In the glyceryl monostearate crude product of step 1), add phosphoric acid, regulate pH to be 7.0, stir 15 minutes, then leave standstill deslagging after 2 hours, filtrate is the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate.
3) one-level distillation
By step 2) in the feed liquid eliminating glycerol slag distill, distillation condition is as follows: temperature is 170 DEG C, vacuum 200pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut.
This step is steamed except the moisture in feed liquid.
4) secondary distillation
The feed liquid of steaming except moisture in step 3) is carried out second stage distillation, steams except most free glycerol and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 195 DEG C, vacuum 10pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut.
5) three-stage distillation
The feed liquid of steaming in step 4) except most of glycerine and free acid is entered three-stage distillation, extracts micro-glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 210 DEG C, vacuum 8pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut, obtain three-stage distillation feed liquid.
6) Four-stage distillation:
Three-stage distillation feed liquid in step 5) is entered Four-stage distillation, is separated glyceryl monostearate and stearic acid two glyceryl ester, glycerol stearate, obtains high-quality glyceryl monostearate.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 215 DEG C, vacuum 0.1pa, and thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, obtains glyceryl monostearate liquid.
7) cooling spray process:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 70 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 4 DEG C/h; Pack to obtain glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal, through detecting, glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal content is 95.5%.
The quality measurements of finished product is:
Iodine number (g I
2/ 100g): 0.8; Acid number (mg KOH/g): 0.25; Zero pour: 65.6 DEG C; Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 168.
embodiment 4
Prepare high-quality glyceryl monostearate, concrete technology is as follows:
1) preparation of glyceryl monostearate crude product
The preparation of step 1) glyceryl monostearate crude product:
First, join in esterification reaction tank by 141kg glycerine, then 0.4kg sodium hydroxide slowly joins in esterification reaction tank, then is warming up to 90 degrees Celsius, stirs 30 minutes;
Secondly, 500kg hydrogenated liquid plam oil is joined in above-mentioned esterification reaction tank, is fully uniformly mixed, is warmed up to T
0be 218 DEG C, control pressure P is-0.08Mpa, carries out esterification 30min, obtains glyceryl monostearate crude product;
2) neutralizing treatment
Glyceryl monostearate crude product to step 1) adds phosphoric acid, regulates pH to be 7.0, stirs 15 minutes, and then leave standstill deslagging after 2 hours, filtrate is the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate.
3) one-level distillation
By step 2) in the feed liquid eliminating glycerol slag distill, distillation condition is as follows: temperature is 180 DEG C, vacuum 180pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, steam to steaming without cut.
This step is steamed except the moisture in feed liquid.
4) secondary distillation
The feed liquid of steaming except moisture in step 3) is carried out second stage distillation, steams except most extraction glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 195 DEG C, vacuum 10pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, steams to steaming without cut.
5) three-stage distillation
The feed liquid of steaming in step 4) except most of glycerine and free acid is entered three-stage distillation, extracts micro-glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 210 DEG C, vacuum 8pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, steams to steaming without cut, obtains three-stage distillation feed liquid.
6) Four-stage distillation:
Three-stage distillation feed liquid in step 5) is entered Four-stage distillation, is separated glyceryl monostearate and stearic acid two glyceryl ester, glycerol stearate, obtains high-quality glyceryl monostearate.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 215 DEG C, vacuum 0.1pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, obtain glyceryl monostearate liquid.
7) cooling spray process:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 73 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 2 DEG C/h; Pack to obtain glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal, through detecting, glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal content is 92%.
The quality measurements of finished product is:
Iodine number (g I
2/ 100g): 0.8; Acid number (mg KOH/g): 0.4; Zero pour: 66 DEG C; Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 166.
embodiment 5
Prepare high-quality glyceryl monostearate, concrete technology is as follows:
1) preparation of glyceryl monostearate crude product
The preparation of step 1) glyceryl monostearate crude product:
First, join in esterification reaction tank by 154kg glycerine, then 0.3kg sodium hydroxide slowly joins in esterification reaction tank, then is warming up to 90 degrees Celsius, stirs 30 minutes;
Secondly, 500kg hydrogenated liquid plam oil is joined in above-mentioned esterification reaction tank, is fully uniformly mixed, is warmed up to T
0be 218 DEG C, control pressure P is-0.08Mpa, carries out esterification 30min, obtains glyceryl monostearate crude product;
2) neutralizing treatment
Glyceryl monostearate crude product to step 1) adds phosphoric acid, regulates pH to be 7.0, stirs 15 minutes, and then leave standstill deslagging after 2 hours, filtrate is the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate.
3) one-level distillation
By step 2) in the feed liquid eliminating glycerol slag distill, distillation condition is as follows: temperature is 200 DEG C, vacuum 190pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA.Steam to steaming without cut.
This step is steamed except the moisture in feed liquid.
4) secondary distillation
The feed liquid of steaming except moisture in step 3) is carried out second stage distillation, steams except most extraction glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 210 DEG C, vacuum 10pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, steams to steaming without cut.
5) three-stage distillation
The feed liquid of steaming in step 4) except most of glycerine and free acid is entered three-stage distillation, extracts micro-glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 210 DEG C, vacuum 10pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, steams to steaming without cut, obtains three-stage distillation feed liquid.
6) Four-stage distillation:
Three-stage distillation feed liquid in step 5) is entered Four-stage distillation, is separated glyceryl monostearate and stearic acid two glyceryl ester, glycerol stearate, obtains high-quality glyceryl monostearate.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 220 DEG C, vacuum 5pa, and pressure 0.25-0.3MPA obtains glyceryl monostearate liquid.
7) cooling spray process:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 67 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 3 DEG C/h; Pack to obtain glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal, through detecting, glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal content is 91%.
The quality measurements of finished product is:
Iodine number (g I
2/ 100g): 0.9; Acid number (mg KOH/g): 0.5; Zero pour: 64-66 DEG C; Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 168.
embodiment 6
Prepare high-quality glyceryl monostearate, concrete technology is as follows:
1) preparation of glyceryl monostearate crude product
The preparation of step 1) glyceryl monostearate crude product:
First, join in esterification reaction tank by 166kg glycerine, then 0.2kg sodium hydroxide slowly joins in esterification reaction tank, then is warming up to 90 degrees Celsius, stirs 30 minutes;
Secondly, 500kg hydrogenated liquid plam oil is joined in above-mentioned esterification reaction tank, is fully uniformly mixed, is warmed up to T
0be 220 DEG C, control pressure P is-0.08Mpa, carries out esterification 30min, obtains glyceryl monostearate crude product;
2) neutralizing treatment
In the glyceryl monostearate crude product of step 1), add phosphoric acid, regulate pH to be 7.5, stir 15 minutes, then leave standstill deslagging after 2 hours, filtrate is the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate.
3) one-level distillation
By step 2) in the feed liquid eliminating glycerol slag distill, distillation condition is as follows: temperature is 225 DEG C, vacuum 170pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, steam to steaming without cut.
This step is steamed except the moisture in feed liquid.
4) secondary distillation
The feed liquid of steaming except moisture in step 3) is carried out second stage distillation, steams except most extraction glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 220 DEG C, vacuum 10pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, steams to steaming without cut.
5) three-stage distillation
The feed liquid of steaming in step 4) except most of glycerine and free acid is entered three-stage distillation, extracts micro-glycerine and free acid.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 220 DEG C, vacuum 8pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, steams to steaming without cut, obtains three-stage distillation feed liquid.
6) Four-stage distillation:
Three-stage distillation feed liquid in step 5) is entered Four-stage distillation, is separated glyceryl monostearate and stearic acid two glyceryl ester, glycerol stearate, obtains high-quality glyceryl monostearate.
Distillation condition is: temperature is 230 DEG C, vacuum 7pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPA, obtain glyceryl monostearate liquid.
7) cooling spray process:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 70 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 5 DEG C/h; Pack to obtain glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal, through detecting, glyceryl monostearate alpha-crystal content is 92%.
The quality measurements of finished product is:
Iodine number (g I
2/ 100g): 1.0; Acid number (mg KOH/g): 0.8; Zero pour: 65.8 DEG C; Saponification value (mg KOH/g): 165.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for glyceryl monostearate, comprises the steps:
Step 1) preparation of glyceryl monostearate crude product
First, glycerine is joined in esterification reaction tank, then catalyzer is slowly joined in esterification reaction tank, then be warming up to 90 DEG C, stir 30min;
Secondly, joined in above-mentioned esterification reaction tank by hydrogenated liquid plam oil, be fully uniformly mixed, being warmed up to T0 is 210-220 DEG C, and control pressure P is-0.06MPa to-0.09MPa, carries out esterification 30min, obtains glyceryl monostearate crude product;
Wherein, described catalyzer is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide;
Described catalyzer and the weight ratio of glycerine are (0.1-0.5): 100;
Described hydrogenated palm kernel oil is 1:(0.98-1.3 with the amount of substance ratio of glycerine);
Step 2) neutralizing treatment
In above-mentioned reacted glyceryl monostearate crude product, add phosphoric acid, adjustment pH is 6.0-7.5, stirs 15min, then deslagging after standing 2h, and filtrate is the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate;
Step 3) one-level distillation
By step 2) in the thick ester of glyceryl monostearate distill, distillation condition is: temperature T
1for 160-225 DEG C, vacuum P
1for 150-200Pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPa, steams to steaming without cut, obtains one-level distillation feed liquid;
Step 4) secondary distillation
By step 3) in one-level distillation feed liquid carry out second stage distillation, distillation condition is: temperature T
2for 190-220 DEG C, vacuum P
2for 3-10Pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPa, obtains secondary distillation feed liquid;
Step 5) three-stage distillation
By step 4) in secondary distillation feed liquid carry out three-stage distillation, distillation condition is: temperature T
3for 200-220 DEG C, vacuum P
3for 3-15Pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPa, obtains three-stage distillation feed liquid;
Step 6) Four-stage distillation
By step 5) in three-stage distillation feed liquid enter Four-stage distillation, distillation condition is: temperature T
4for 210-230 DEG C, vacuum P
4for 0.1-7Pa, thermal oil pressure 0.25-0.3MPa, obtains glyceryl monostearate liquid;
Step 7) cooling spray process:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 65-73 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 2-5 DEG C/h; Pack and obtain glyceryl monostearate finished product of the present invention.
2. the preparation method of a kind of glyceryl monostearate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described T
0for 215-220 DEG C.
3. the preparation method of a kind of glyceryl monostearate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described T
0be 218 DEG C, described catalyzer is sodium hydroxide.
4. the preparation method of a kind of glyceryl monostearate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described catalyzer and glycerine is (0.2-0.4): 100, and described hydrogenated palm kernel oil is 1:(1.0-1.1 with the ratio of the amount of substance of glycerine).
5. the preparation method of a kind of glyceryl monostearate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2) in regulate pH be 7.0.
6. the preparation method of a kind of glyceryl monostearate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described T
1be 170 DEG C, vacuum P
1for 200Pa; T
2be 195 DEG C, vacuum P
2for 10Pa; T
3be 210 DEG C, P
3for 8Pa; T
4be 215 DEG C, P
4for 0.1Pa.
7. the preparation method of a kind of glyceryl monostearate as described in claim as arbitrary in claim 1-6, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described catalyzer and glycerine is 0.275:100, and described hydrogenated palm kernel oil is 1:1.05 with the ratio of the amount of substance of glycerine.
8. the preparation method of a kind of glyceryl monostearate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described step 7) cooling spray treatment process is:
Glyceryl monostearate liquid is cooled to 70 DEG C, and keeps constant;
Glyceryl monostearate liquid after above-mentioned cooling is carried out spraying process, and keep spray tower inlet temperature to be 5-10 DEG C, obtain glyceryl monostearate particle;
Above-mentioned glyceryl monostearate particle continues to be cooled to 25 DEG C, and controlled cooling model speed is at 4 DEG C/h; Pack and obtain glyceryl monostearate finished product of the present invention.
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