CN102983562B - Current-limiting protector for electrical fire prevention - Google Patents
Current-limiting protector for electrical fire prevention Download PDFInfo
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- CN102983562B CN102983562B CN201210545682.5A CN201210545682A CN102983562B CN 102983562 B CN102983562 B CN 102983562B CN 201210545682 A CN201210545682 A CN 201210545682A CN 102983562 B CN102983562 B CN 102983562B
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Abstract
The invention provides a current-limiting protector for electrical fire prevention, which comprises a current transformer unit, a detecting unit, a microprocessor unit and a master control switch unit, wherein the current transformer unit is used for detecting alternating current in a main circuit in real time and outputting a corresponding current signal in an inductive manner; the detecting unit is used for collecting, preprocessing and outputting the current signal; the microprocessor unit is used for processing the current signal and a working temperature signal in a machine, presetting a segmentation delay parameter and a superheating temperature parameter and judging the received preprocessed current signal as short-circuit current or overload current to output a rapid breaking instruction or to carry out a segmentation delay current-limiting instruction respectively; and the master control switch unit connected with the current transformer unit, the microprocessor unit and a load and used for switching on and off the main circuit according to a received control instruction of the microprocessor unit. The current-limiting protector can avoid the continuous increase of the short-circuit current effectively due to a rapid current-limiting protection function and can prevent fires caused by the heating, fusion and burning of wires and an electrical spark generated at a short circuit part.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric and electronic class emergency protection circuit device for electric, particularly relate to a kind of electric fireproof current-limiting type protector.
Background technology
In the fire that electrical circuit fault causes, the fire caused because of short circuit and overload current fault is particularly outstanding.So-called circuit overloads electric current, refers to that the electric current in circuit exceeds rated operational current, and long-time mistake fails to be convened for lack of a quorum and causes electric wire heating, fusing and the fault that is even short-circuited of burning.And once circuit is short-circuited, the electric current in circuit will sharply increase, and cause short circuit place energy to increase sharply, considerably beyond the tolerance limit of electric wiring, electric wire generated heat, burning and electric spark initiation fire occurs due to short circuit place.
The various fireproof alarming watch-dogs used in the market, generally have the function such as residual current detection, overcurrent and short-circuit protection, smog, flame alarm and protection, and its governor circuit shearing device overwhelming majority adopts electromagnetic trip formula circuit breaker to perform disjunction protection.These electromagnetic trip formula circuit breakers, due to the defect of itself, make existing fire monitor have the following disadvantages:
1. lack capability of fast response: the problem that the electromagnetic trip formula circuit breaker movement velocity that self existence disconnects completely in switching process is slow, and there are electric discharge phenomena, be referred to as arcing, therefore the switching time of electromagnetic trip formula circuit breaker is general all even longer at Millisecond, when there is short trouble, existing fire monitor lacks the ability of quick disjunction, often have little time fast shut-off circuit, cause that short circuit current is instantaneous sharply to be increased, exceed more than tens times of rated operational current, thus cause electric wire to generate heat, fusing or burning, short-circuit spark can be produced and cause fire.
2. existing fire monitor lacks real-time current-limiting function: though can detect the faults such as residual current, overcurrent, short circuit, overtemperature, smog, flame, if but when there is this dangerous maximum fault of electric wiring short circuit, existing fire monitor is owing to lacking the ability controlled fast, can not the expansion of limiting short-circuit current immediately, thus short circuit current is sharply increased and produces electric spark initiation fire.
3. be confined to post-event alarm: existing fire monitor due to break-time long, even if found short trouble, but because of its system response speed slow, the post-event alarm of fire can only be rested on.The spray system though some fire monitor has linked, also just fire putting out a fire to save life and property afterwards.
4. life-span short poor reliability: existing fire monitor performs disjunction protection owing to adopting electromagnetic breaker; the mechanical contact of electromagnetic trip formula circuit breaker can produce shake and arcing when switch motion; this can aggravate the oxidation of contact surface; increase contact resistance and come in contact bad fault; there will be the even melting of arcing ablation contact; shorten the life-span of circuit breaker, cause purpose of breaker failure.
5. there is disaster hidden-trouble in contact arching: existing fire monitor adopts electromagnetic breaker to perform disjunction protection, and its contact arc quenching effect is poor, can produce arcing, be easy to the combustibles that ignite, thus there is disaster hidden-trouble.
For this reason, in prior art, a kind of solid-state switch is proposed again, such as reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor, because reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor does not produce arcing in switching process, reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor is utilized to substitute electromagnetic trip formula circuit breaker, the intrinsic problem of electromagnetic trip formula circuit breaker can be solved, achieve contactless without arcing switch control rule, extend switch useful life.But reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor is owing to self still existing the slow-footed defect of switching process, response speed is still millisecond rank, when electric short circuit occurs, still has little time fast shut-off circuit, causes short circuit current to increase rapidly until initiation fire.In addition, also there is the tube voltage drop of 1-2V in reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor, therefore there is the problem that oneself power consumption is large.
Therefore, the electric fireproof watch-dog of currently available technology, though can detect the faults such as electric short circuit, circuit overloads, electric leakage, smog and high temperature, being confined to fault there is later post-event alarm and control, cannot suppress instant generation and the expansion of electrical fire in time.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electric fireproof current-limiting type protector; can be connected in the electric wiring between electric branch switch and electrical appliance; can current failure perform Microsecond grade current-limiting protection in Real-Time Monitoring electric wiring, suppress the appearance of electric short circuit spark.
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of electric fireproof current-limiting type protector, comprising:
One current transformer unit, described current transformer unit detects the alternating current in major loop in real time and induction exports corresponding current signal;
One detecting unit, described current signal is also carried out preliminary treatment and exports pretreated current signal by current signal described in described detecting unit Real-time Collection;
One microprocessor unit, described microprocessor unit presets fragment delay parameter, process described pretreated current signal and judge when receive through pretreated described current signal be overload current, perform the instruction of segment delay current limliting, be short circuit current when what receive through pretreated described current signal, export quick disjunction instruction;
One master switch unit, described master switch unit is connected with described current transformer unit, described microprocessor unit and a load, described master switch unit, according to the control command of the described microprocessor unit received, performs the joint weldment switch motion of major loop.
Further, described overload current is the alternating current being not less than rated operational current and being not more than short trouble threshold value; Described short circuit current is the alternating current being greater than short trouble threshold value and rapidly increasing to more than rated operational current several times.
Preferably, when the described current signal that described microprocessor unit is corresponding according to the short circuit current received is greater than described short trouble threshold value, export described quick disjunction instruction.
Preferably, described microprocessor unit compares with described default fragment delay parameter according to the size of described current signal corresponding to the overload current received, to form corresponding segment delay current limliting instruction.
Further, described master switch unit comprises: the solid switch module that many groups are in parallel, often organizes solid switch module and is formed by the source series of two MOSFET pipes;
By often organizing input and the output of the head and the tail drain electrode master switch unit formed respectively in parallel of the MOSFET pipe of two series connection in solid switch module, the input of described master switch unit is connected with described current transformer unit and load respectively with output;
The control end of the master switch unit be connected to form by the grid often organizing two MOSFET pipes in solid switch module, the control end of described master switch unit is connected with microprocessor unit.
Further, described microprocessor unit presets an overtemperature parameter.
Preferably; described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector also comprises a temperature sensor unit; the working temperature that solid switch module in parallel for described many groups collects is changed in a machine by described detecting unit and outputs to described microprocessor unit after operating tempera-ture signal by described temperature sensor unit; if export overtemperature prote instruction when operating tempera-ture signal is greater than overtemperature parameter in the described machine that described microprocessor unit receives, perform overtemperature disjunction current-limiting protection to control described master switch unit.
Preferably, described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector also comprises an alarm unit, and described alarm unit, when described detecting unit detects fault, exports an alarm signal by described microprocessor unit and carries out sound and light alarm to control described alarm unit.
Preferably, described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector also comprises a communication unit, and described communication unit is controlled by described microprocessor unit and realizes communicating with the remote connection of host computer.
Preferably, described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector also comprises an Auxiliary Power Units, to provide stable operating voltage to each unit be connected with electric fireproof current-limiting type protector.
As seen from the above technical solution, the present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
When there is short trouble, electric fireproof current-limiting type protector of the present invention can be protected with Microsecond grade velocity interpolation quick current-limiting, the quick rising of short circuit current is made to be limited within the scope of rated operational current several times, thus effectively eliminate because of the electric spark caused by short circuit current, the hidden danger of prevention and minimizing electrical fire; When there is overload current fault, electric fireproof current-limiting type protector also can realize the current-limiting protection of overload current fault.Because electric fireproof current-limiting type protector adopts high speed current detection technology, when electric wiring increases severely because of short circuit generation transient current, energy fast detecting also carries out current-limiting protection, and it controls remolding sensitivity normal circuit breaker and improves thousands of times.
In addition, because electric fireproof current-limiting type protector of the present invention can realize quick disjunction current-limiting protection when being short-circuited fault, therefore when there occurs short trouble, fire can be carried out in time and reports to the police in advance.
And application high performance MOSFET pipe connection in series-parallel composition master switch unit, its structure is simple, is easy to extend current.Meanwhile, the master switch unit of high performance MOSFET pipe composition, as solid state switch, fundamentally overcomes traditional fuse, the defect of circuit breaker, has no-spark, switching speed is fast, the life-span is long, advantage that power consumption is little.
In addition, electric fireproof current-limiting type protector can also realize the current-limiting protection of internal body overtemperature fault, and realize sound and light alarm, parameter is preset, the function such as remote connection monitoring, the safety of available protecting electric line.Wherein, remote connection monitoring technique can realize multimachine networking monitoring, can network with fire fighting monitoring platform, real time record can store data, can carry out data statistics, inquire about and review.
Further, adopt high-performance microprocessor, real-time centralized monitor is realized to the data that electric circuit runs, is convenient to realize intelligent management.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system block diagram schematic diagram of electric fireproof current-limiting type protector of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of master switch unit;
Fig. 3 is energy before and after prior art and short trouble of the present invention and time relationship schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, are described in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can be much different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar popularization when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public concrete enforcement.
See Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of electric fireproof current-limiting type protector, comprising:
Current transformer unit 1, described current transformer unit 1 is for detecting the alternating current I in major loop in real time, and induction exports the corresponding current signal Isignal of size with it respectively.Described current transformer unit 1 induction precision and stability ensure that the certainty of measurement of described alternating current effective value;
Detecting unit 2, described detecting unit 2 is connected with described current transformer unit 1, the current signal Isignal that described detecting unit 2 is transmitted by described current transformer unit 1 for Real-time Collection, and described current signal Isignal is carried out preliminary treatment and exports pretreated current signal.Wherein, described detecting unit 2 has high-speed response, high sensitivity and high Precision Processing ability, can meet system requirements;
Microprocessor unit 3, described microprocessor unit 3 is connected with described detecting unit 2, described microprocessor unit 3 is for default fragment delay parameter, process described pretreated current signal, and be short circuit current Ishort when what receive the output of described detecting unit 2 through pretreated described current signal Isignal, export quick disjunction instruction; Be overload current Iover when what receive that described detecting unit 2 exports through pretreated described current signal Isignal, perform the instruction of segment delay current limliting.Wherein, described overload current Iover is the alternating current being not less than rated operational current and being not more than short trouble threshold value.And described short circuit current Ishort is for being greater than short trouble threshold value and rapidly increasing to the alternating current I of more than rated operational current several times (be generally 6-8 doubly).Concrete, described microprocessor unit 3 selects the high-performance microprocessor with high speed processing ability, the current signal Isignal that the AC current values that described detecting unit 2 collects by described microprocessor unit 3 is corresponding carries out quick computation and analysis, and according to the size of described alternating current I, distinguish overload current Iover or short circuit current Ishort, when judging to be short circuit current Ishort, according to the command request of programming, export quick disjunction instruction, when judging to be overload current Iover, also need by flow through on electric wiring be not less than rated operational current and the alternating current I be not more than between described short trouble threshold value is segmented into the overload current Iover of different size, as: exceed the overload current Iover within rated operational current 1.5 times, or exceeding rated operational current 1.5 is doubly less than overload current Iover between described short trouble threshold value, or the overload current Iover etc. of other scope segmentations, and the overload current Iover detected is compared with described default fragment delay parameter, to form corresponding segment delay current limliting instruction, and perform corresponding segment delay current-limiting protection, ensure when there is the short time big current such as such as motor starting not by too fast current limliting.
Master switch unit 4, described master switch unit 4 is connected with described current transformer unit 1, described microprocessor unit 3 and a load, described master switch unit 4, for the control command according to the described microprocessor unit received, performs the joint weldment action of major loop.
Concrete, described master switch unit 4 adopts high performance MOSFET to form electronic type solid-state switch, its circuit structure as shown in Figure 2, described master switch unit comprises: the solid switch module Swit that many groups are in parallel, often organize solid switch module Swit to be formed by the source S series connection of two MOSFET pipes, the input In of the master switch unit formed respectively by the head and the tail drain D parallel connection often organizing the MOSFET pipe of two series connection in solid switch module Swit and output Out, and the control end Con of the master switch unit 4 to be connected to form by the grid G of two the MOSFET pipes often organized in solid switch module Swit, wherein, the input In of described master switch unit, output Out and control end Con respectively with described current transformer unit 1, load is connected with microprocessor unit 3.The switching signal exported from described microprocessor unit 3 controls the size of its grid voltage by the control end Con of described master switch unit 4, realize the change of MOSFET pipe inner conductive channel width, finally reach the conducting and shutoff that control described master switch unit 4.As from the foregoing, master switch unit provided by the invention successfully solves the key technology such as withstand voltage, the expansion of operating current, the reduction of tube voltage drop of electronic type solid-state switch: it is fast that this electronic type solid-state switch has switching speed, can meet Microsecond grade switching speed; MOSFET pipe conducting state tube voltage drop is low, and during rated current work, tube voltage drop can be less than 0.5V, and therefore pipe power consumption is little; All solid state noncontacting switch, itself is arcing, spark appearance absolutely not, and switch life is long; Adopt the structure of multiple MOSFET pipe connection in series-parallel formation of solid polycomplex switch module simple, it is convenient to control.Therefore, the electronic solid state master switch unit that the present invention proposes, can meet the requirement of supper-fast current-limiting protection.
Be illustrated in figure 3 the energy before and after prior art and short trouble of the present invention and time relationship schematic diagram; a point is short trouble origination point; b point is for turning off the time point of master switch unit after installing electric fireproof current-limiting type protector of the present invention additional; c point for after installing existing fire monitor additional with the maximum short circuit current sharply increased instantaneous in electric line, the time point that d point cuts off completely for switch after installing existing fire monitor additional.When short trouble occurs at a point, because existing fire monitor is after short circuit current occurs, its response speed is slow, control even if make turning off, short circuit current still can be caused sharply to be increased to c point maximum, until d point is just closed completely, the energy that short trouble discharges is huge, and short-circuit point can produce strong electric spark.And electric fireproof current-limiting protector of the present invention can make to be limited in rapidly in the setting range that pre-sets when the rising of b point short circuit current, thus described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector can realize the quick current-limiting protection of fault current in 150 microseconds, the energy Ratios traditional relay protection mode discharged to make short trouble is decreased to minority thousand times, short-circuit point can not produce spark, thus effectively eliminate because of the electrical fire caused by short circuit current, the hidden danger of prevention and minimizing electrical fire; When there is overload current fault, electric fireproof current-limiting type protector also can realize the segment delay current-limiting protection of overload current fault.Meanwhile, electric fireproof current-limiting type protector adopts high speed high-sensitivity detection technology, on electric wiring because of short circuit generation transient current increases severely time, fast detecting also can carry out current-limiting protection, its control remolding sensitivity normal circuit breaker improves thousands of times.In addition, because electric fireproof current-limiting type protector of the present invention can realize quick disjunction current-limiting protection when being short-circuited fault, therefore when there occurs short trouble, fire can be carried out in time and reports to the police in advance.
Further, described microprocessor unit also presets an overtemperature parameter.For this reason, see Fig. 1, described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector provided by the invention also comprises a temperature sensor unit 5.Described temperature sensor unit 5 is connected with detecting unit 2, described temperature sensor unit 5 outputs to described microprocessor unit 3 after the working temperature that solid switch module in parallel for described many groups collects is changed into the digital signal of working temperature in a machine by described detecting unit 2, described microprocessor unit 3 carries out quick computation and analysis according to when the overtemperature parameter of operating tempera-ture signal and its internal preset in the described machine received, judge whether to occur overheating fault, if when the described digital signal received is greater than overtemperature parameter, then there is overtemperature for described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector inside, overtemperature prote instruction is exported by described microprocessor unit 3, overtemperature disjunction current limliting is realized to control described master switch unit 4, to protect described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector.
Preferably, see Fig. 1, described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector provided by the invention also comprises an alarm unit 6.Described alarm unit 6 is connected with microprocessor unit 3, and described alarm unit is used for when described detecting unit 2 detects fault, and the alarm signal exported by described microprocessor unit 3 sends sound and light alarm signal to control described alarm unit.
Preferably, see Fig. 1, described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector provided by the invention also comprises a communication unit 7.Described communication unit 7 is connected with described microprocessor unit 3, and described communication unit is controlled by described microprocessor unit 3, realizes communicating with the remote connection of host computer.Described communication unit 7 adopts the good RS-485 serial interface circuit of anti-interference, and have communication distance long, the error rate is low, the advantage that reliability is high.
Preferably, see Fig. 1, described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector provided by the invention also comprises an Auxiliary Power Units 8.By each shelves operating voltage of described Auxiliary Power Units 8 to each unit stable output in described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector, to guarantee that each unit in described electric fireproof current-limiting type protector normally works.Wherein, described each shelves working power is insulating power supply, effectively improves the interference free performance of complete machine.
In addition, electric fireproof current-limiting type protector can also realize the presetting of controling parameters, the function such as remote connection monitoring, the use safety of available protecting electric line and load (electric equipment).Wherein, remote connection monitoring technique can realize multimachine networking monitoring, can network with fire fighting monitoring platform, real time record can store data, can carry out data statistics, inquire about and review.
In addition, adopt high-performance microprocessor, achieve hardware, embedded intelligence system that software combines, improve reliability and the flexibility of system, its on-line communication interface and monitoring software, real-time intelligent centralized monitor is realized to the data that electric circuit runs, is convenient to the intelligent management realizing fireproof monitoring system.
Electric fireproof current-limiting type protector of the present invention can be applied to the place of various easy generation electrical fire; as school, hospital, ancient building and temple, hotel, public place of entertainment, commodity market and conference and exhibition center, warehouse and factory, also can be used for the fields such as oil, chemical industry, automobile, steamer, aviation.
In this specification, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually see.For system disclosed in embodiment, owing to corresponding to the method disclosed in Example, so describe fairly simple, relevant part illustrates see method part.
Professional can also recognize further, in conjunction with unit and the algorithm steps of each example of embodiment disclosed herein description, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, in order to the interchangeability of hardware and software is clearly described, generally describe composition and the step of each example in the above description according to function.These functions perform with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can use distinct methods to realize described function to each specifically should being used for, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to invention and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if these amendments of the present invention and modification belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (2)
1. an electric fireproof current-limiting type protector, comprising:
One current transformer unit, described current transformer unit detects the alternating current in major loop in real time and induction exports corresponding current signal;
One detecting unit, described current signal is also carried out preliminary treatment and exports pretreated current signal by current signal described in described detecting unit Real-time Collection;
One microprocessor unit, described microprocessor unit presets fragment delay parameter, process described pretreated current signal and judge when receive through pretreated described current signal be overload current, perform the instruction of segment delay current limliting, be short circuit current when what receive through pretreated described current signal, export quick disjunction instruction;
One master switch unit, described master switch unit comprises: the solid switch module that many groups are in parallel, often organize solid switch module to be formed by the source series of two MOSFET pipes, by often organizing input and the output of the head and the tail drain electrode master switch unit formed respectively in parallel of the MOSFET pipe of two series connection in solid switch module, the input of described master switch unit is connected with described current transformer unit and load respectively with output, the control end of the master switch unit be connected to form by the grid often organizing two MOSFET pipes in solid switch module, the control end of described master switch unit is connected with microprocessor unit, described master switch unit and described current transformer unit, described microprocessor unit is connected with a load, described master switch unit is according to the control command of the described microprocessor unit received, perform the joint weldment switch motion of major loop, described master switch unit achieves the quick current-limiting protection of 150 microsecond internal fault electric currents, described MOSFET pipe tube voltage drop when rated current works is less than 0.5V, described master switch unit is all solid state noncontacting switch.
2. electric fireproof current-limiting type protector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described overload current is the alternating current being not less than rated operational current and being not more than short trouble threshold value; Described short circuit current is the alternating current being greater than short trouble threshold value and rapidly increasing to more than rated operational current several times.
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| CN201210545682.5A CN102983562B (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Current-limiting protector for electrical fire prevention |
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| CN201210545682.5A CN102983562B (en) | 2012-12-14 | 2012-12-14 | Current-limiting protector for electrical fire prevention |
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| CN102983562A CN102983562A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN102983562B true CN102983562B (en) | 2015-06-24 |
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| CN103458570A (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-18 | 苏州康华净化系统工程有限公司 | Workshop illuminating system |
| CN105826899B (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2018-09-14 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Excess temperature protection method and switching circuit with overheat protector function |
| CN106505535A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-03-15 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | A kind of transmission line malfunction monitoring method, equipment and system |
| CN107528290A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-29 | 西安华瑞网电设备有限公司 | A kind of inverse time lag current-limiting type electrical fire prevention and control device and method |
| CN107919654B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-07-09 | 浙江晶科能源有限公司 | A kind of the protection circuit and MPPT chip of excess-current excess-temperature |
| CN109828169A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-05-31 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Electric fireproof current-limiting protector electric performance test method, apparatus and system |
| CN112186721B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-06-04 | 江苏卫川物联科技有限公司 | Electric fire-proof current-limiting protector |
| CN113328418B (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-04-26 | 深圳市中电电力技术股份有限公司 | Current-limiting type electrical fire protector without limit to load type |
| CN117174547B (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-01-02 | 天津北方恒业电气技术有限公司 | Electrical fireproof current-limiting protector module |
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| CN102983562A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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