CN102982145A - System for allocating database operating requests - Google Patents
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- CN102982145A CN102982145A CN2012104833443A CN201210483344A CN102982145A CN 102982145 A CN102982145 A CN 102982145A CN 2012104833443 A CN2012104833443 A CN 2012104833443A CN 201210483344 A CN201210483344 A CN 201210483344A CN 102982145 A CN102982145 A CN 102982145A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system (1000) for allocating database operating requests. The system comprises a device (200) for allocating the database operating requests, one or more application program servers (300-1, ellipsis, 300-n) suitable for sending the operating requests to a database to the device (200), a main database server (400a) and one or more slave database servers (400b1, ellipsis, 400bn) suitable for responding the inspection of the device (200) and returning a state to the device (200) and receiving the operating requests allocated by the device (200), wherein the device (200) for allocating the database operating requests comprises a network interface (201) suitable for receiving the operating requests to the database, an operating request analyzer (203) suitable for analyzing the operating requests and detecting type annotations in the operating requests and determining database servers corresponding to the type annotations, and an operating request allocator (207) suitable for allocating the operating requests to the determined database servers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to database technology, relate in particular to a kind of system of allocation database operation requests.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of computer network, the network application of a large number of users has appearred having, and these network applications need to be stored a large amount of user data and related data.The data storage method of previous separate unit data storage server can not satisfy the call data storage that current network is used.Database in use generally adopts MS master-slave framework (in general, master data base has, has a plurality of from database) at present, only bears read operation from database, and all write operations are all carried out by master data base.In order to guarantee data's consistency, can be constantly from the synchronous up-to-date data that write of master data base to from database from database.The application programmer need to be mail to data base manipulation statement respectively master data base or from database, increase application programmer's burden according to the read-write type of database manipulation, has improved cost of development.
In addition, not fully real-time synchronously from master data base to the data from database, but exist certain time delay that this has just brought problem.Imagine following situation: application program is to data of database write, as mentioned above, these data can be written in the master data base, then read again these data at once, read operation is by carrying out from database, but not yet be able to do in time this data by master data base be synchronized to this locality from database this moment, and the execution result of read operation must be the legacy version that does not find these data or read these data, and this has just caused wrong generation.In addition, if certain database server breaks down, and program still imports request to disabled machine, will make a mistake, and can only solve this moment by update routine, and maintenance cost is very high.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention has been proposed, in order to a kind of system of the allocation database operation requests that overcomes the problems referred to above or address the above problem at least in part is provided.
According to one aspect of the present invention, a kind of system of allocation database operation requests is provided, comprising: the equipment of allocation database operation requests; One or more apps server is suitable for to the operation requests of this equipment transmission for database; And main database server and one or more be suitable for the inspection in response to this equipment from database server, returns its state to this equipment, and receive the operation requests of this devices allocation; Wherein, the equipment of described allocation database operation requests comprises: network interface is suitable for receiving the operation requests for database; The operation requests resolver is suitable for resolving this operation requests, to detect the types of comments in this operation requests, determines the database server corresponding with the type note; And the operation requests divider, be suitable for this operation requests is distributed to determined database server.
Alternatively, in the equipment of allocation database operation requests according to an embodiment of the invention, when this operation requests resolver does not detect types of comments in this operation requests, resolve this operation requests, to judge the type of this operation requests, determine the database server corresponding with the type of this operation requests; And this operation requests divider is distributed to the determined database server corresponding with the type of this operation requests with this operation requests.
Alternatively, in the equipment of allocation database operation requests according to an embodiment of the invention, the type of this operation requests comprises write operation and read operation.
Alternatively, in the equipment of allocation database operation requests according to an embodiment of the invention, this database server comprises main database server and from database server, database server corresponding to write operation is main database server, is from database server corresponding to the database server of read operation.
Alternatively, the equipment of described allocation database operation requests also comprises the database auditing device, is suitable for checking this database server; And this operation requests divider is distributed to this operation requests corresponding database server or is returned miscue according to check result.
The invention provides the system of above-mentioned allocation database operation requests.According to embodiments of the invention, can resolve the operation requests for database that receives, with the types of comments in the detection operation requests, and according to types of comments, determine corresponding database server, and distribute this operation requests to it.Like this, the application developer is by utilizing for example original nonsensical comment statement in the operation requests such as SQL statement, just can determine operation requests to be distributed to the concrete database server, thereby greatly improve the dirigibility of application and development.For the higher read operation of requirement of real-time, only need in operation requests, to add simply the types of comments of expression master data base type, just can automatically this operation requests be distributed to main database server, avoid can not find the data of asking or read the problem of the legacy version of these data.
In addition, according to embodiments of the invention, after having determined the database server that operation requests will be assigned to, can also check this database server, and according to check result this operation requests be distributed to corresponding database server or returned miscue.Like this, when in database server cluster a certain or many database servers break down, can automatically detect this fault, no longer operation requests be distributed to the database server that has fault.Wherein, in the situation that main database server breaks down, write operation can't be carried out, but read operation is unaffected; And in situation about breaking down from database server, can transfer main database server is distributed in read operation, thereby read-write operation is all unaffected.This process is fully transparent for application program, and the application programmer not needing application programs to make any modification, has not reduced the maintenance cost of application program.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, for can clearer understanding technological means of the present invention, and can be implemented according to the content of instructions, and for above and other objects of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, below especially exemplified by the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Description of drawings
By reading hereinafter detailed description of the preferred embodiment, various other advantage and benefits will become cheer and bright for those of ordinary skills.Accompanying drawing only is used for the purpose of preferred implementation is shown, and does not think limitation of the present invention.And in whole accompanying drawing, represent identical parts with identical reference symbol.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the method for allocation database operation requests according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of each step of method of allocation database operation requests according to an embodiment of the invention; And
Fig. 3 is the equipment of according to an embodiment of the invention allocation database operation requests and the block diagram of system.
Embodiment
Exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to accompanying drawings in more detail.Although shown exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawing, yet should be appreciated that and to realize the disclosure and the embodiment that should do not set forth limits here with various forms.On the contrary, it is in order to understand the disclosure more thoroughly that these embodiment are provided, and can with the scope of the present disclosure complete convey to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates the according to an embodiment of the invention process flow diagram of the method 100 of allocation database operation requests.
According to embodiments of the invention, database for example can be the MySQL database.Hereinafter, take the MySQL database as example, principle of the present invention is described, yet just for the purpose of example, scope of the present invention is not limited to this for this, principle of the present invention is equally applicable to the database of other type.
As shown in Figure 1, the method 100 of allocation database operation requests starts from step S101 according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, receives the operation requests for database.Should for example come from one or more application server for the operation requests of database.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates the process flow diagram of each step of method of allocation database operation requests according to an embodiment of the invention, below in conjunction with Fig. 2 principle of the present invention is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 2, at first, from the operation requests of application server reception for database, if do not receive, then continue to wait for; If receive, then enter next step, i.e. step S103 shown in Figure 1.
In step S103, resolve this operation requests, thereby detect the types of comments in the operation requests.According to embodiments of the invention, this operation requests can comprise the database program language statement, and this database program language can be SQL(Structured Query Language, Structured Query Language (SQL)), that is, this operation requests comprises SQL statement.Yet sql like language and SQL statement only are example, are used for helping reader understanding's principle of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is not limited to this, but is equally applicable to other suitable database program language and corresponding statement.
When the parse operation request, whether the beginning that for example can detect SQL statement the containing type note, the master data base types of comments that namely for example whether comprises "/* master*/".If comprise, namely detect the types of comments in the operation requests, then can enter step S105 as shown in Figure 1.In step S105, determine the database server corresponding with this types of comments that detects.Alternatively, before this, as shown in Figure 2, the type note can be deleted from operation requests.
According to embodiments of the invention, database server can comprise main database server and from database server.In step S105, detect the type note and whether represent the main database server type, if so, that is, for example types of comments is "/* master*/", can determine that then the database server corresponding with the type note is main database server.Like this, in step S107 subsequently, just operation requests can be distributed to main database server.
Yet, if in step S103, by the parse operation request, when not detecting types of comments, just can execution in step S103 ', that is, further parse operation request comes the type of decision operation request.
According to embodiments of the invention, the type of operation requests comprises write operation and read operation.In step S103 ', can according to the key word in the SQL statement, come the type of decision operation request.For example, can detect first word in the SQL statement, if this word is the word of the write operation such as the expression such as INSERT, UPDATE, REPLACE, then the type of decision operation request is write operation; And if this word is other word that does not represent write operation, then the type of decision operation request is read operation.Then, execution in step S105 ' determines the database server corresponding with the operation requests type.According to embodiments of the invention, be main database server corresponding to the database server of write operation, be from database server corresponding to the database server of read operation.
Alternatively, and in above-mentioned steps S105, do not represent the main database server type if detect type of comment, then as shown in Figure 2, also can consider execution in step S103 ' and step S105 ', be the parse operation request, the type of decision operation request, and determine the database server corresponding with the type.
At step S105 ' afterwards, execution in step S107 wherein, distributes to the database server corresponding with the type of operation requests with this operation requests,, if the type of operation requests is write operation, then operation requests is distributed to main database server that is; And if the type of operation requests is read operation, then operation requests is distributed to from database server.
According to embodiments of the invention, before above-mentioned steps S107, all right execution in step S106, wherein, check determined database server, and in step S107, distribute to corresponding database server or return miscue according to the check result operation requests.Wherein, as shown in Figure 2, be in the situation of database server at determined database server, represent operation requests to be distributed to from database server when normal from the database server state in check result.And represent when undesired from the database server state in check result, check main database server, when the main database server state is normal, this operation requests is distributed to main database server; And when the main database server state is undesired, return the disabled miscue of expression database server, for example, return the miscue of " database is unavailable " to apps server.
And be in the situation of main database server at determined database server, when check result represents that the main database server state is normal, operation requests is distributed to main database server; When check result represents that the main database server state is undesired, return the disabled miscue of expression database server, for example, return the miscue of " database is unavailable " to apps server.
Below, in order to help reader understanding the present invention, in conjunction with three example SQL statement principle of the present invention is described.
(1) supposes that the SQL statement that comprises in the operation requests is: INSERT INTO mytable VALUES (1, ' abc '), at first detect SQL statement and whether start the containing type note, this SQL statement does not comprise note, the type of decision operation request then, check first word in the SQL statement, discovery is INSERT, thereby the type of judging operation requests is write operation, should distribute to main database server, check main database server, if the main database server state is normal, then to its batch operation request, if the main database server state is undesired, then can return to apps server the miscue of " database is unavailable ".
(2) suppose that the SQL statement that comprises in the operation requests is: SELECT*FROM mytable, at first detect SQL statement and whether start the containing type note, this SQL statement does not comprise note, the type of decision operation request then, check first word in the SQL statement, discovery is SELECT, thereby the type of judging operation requests is read operation, should distribute to from database server, inspection is from database server, if its state normally then to its batch operation request, if its state is undesired, then check main database server, if the main database server state is normal, then to its batch operation request, if the main database server state is undesired, then can return to apps server the miscue of " database is unavailable ".
(3) suppose that the SQL statement that comprises in the operation requests is :/* master*/SELECT*FROM mytable, at first detect SQL statement and whether start the containing type note, this SQL comprises note, and notes content is/* master*/, the expression main database server, check main database server, if the main database server state is normal, then to its batch operation request, if the main database server state is undesired, then can return to apps server the miscue of " database is unavailable ".
The invention provides a kind of method of allocation database operation requests.According to embodiments of the invention, can resolve the operation requests for database that receives, with the types of comments in the detection operation requests, and according to types of comments, determine corresponding database server, and distribute this operation requests to it.Like this, the application developer is by utilizing for example original nonsensical comment statement in the operation requests such as SQL statement, just can determine operation requests to be distributed to the concrete database server, thereby greatly improve the dirigibility of application and development.For the higher read operation of requirement of real-time, only need in operation requests, to add simply the types of comments of expression master data base type, just can automatically this operation requests be distributed to main database server, avoid can not find the data of asking or read the problem of the legacy version of these data.
In addition, according to embodiments of the invention, after having determined the database server that operation requests will be assigned to, can also check this database server, and according to check result this operation requests be distributed to corresponding database server or returned miscue.Like this, when in database server cluster a certain or many database servers break down, can automatically detect this fault, no longer operation requests be distributed to the database server that has fault.Wherein, in the situation that main database server breaks down, write operation can't be carried out, but read operation is unaffected; And in situation about breaking down from database server, can transfer main database server is distributed in read operation, thereby read-write operation is all unaffected.This process is fully transparent for application program, and the application programmer not needing application programs to make any modification, has not reduced the maintenance cost of application program.
Corresponding with said method 100, the present invention also provides a kind of equipment 200 of allocation database operation requests.Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the according to an embodiment of the invention equipment 200 of allocation database operation requests.Referring to Fig. 3, equipment 200 mainly comprises network interface 201, operation requests resolver 203, operation requests divider 207.
According to embodiments of the invention, network interface 201 is suitable for receiving the operation requests for database.Operation requests resolver 203 is suitable for the parse operation request, to detect the types of comments in the operation requests.Operation requests resolver 203 also is suitable for determining the database server corresponding with types of comments.Operation requests divider 207 is suitable for operation requests is distributed to determined database server.Network interface 201, operation requests resolver 203, operation requests divider 207 can be respectively applied to carry out step S101, S103 and S105, the S107 in the method 100 of above-mentioned allocation database operation requests.
According to embodiments of the invention, operation requests resolver 203 is resolved this operation requests, thereby detects the types of comments in the operation requests.According to embodiments of the invention, this operation requests can comprise the database program language statement, and this database program language can be SQL, that is, this operation requests comprises SQL statement.When the 203 parse operation request of operation requests resolver, whether the beginning that for example can detect SQL statement the containing type note, the master data base types of comments that namely for example whether comprises "/* master*/".If comprise, namely operation requests resolver 203 detects the types of comments in the operation requests.Subsequently, operation requests resolver 203 is determined the database server corresponding with this types of comments that detects.Alternatively, before this, operation requests resolver 203 can be deleted the type note from operation requests.
According to embodiments of the invention, database server can comprise main database server and from database server.Operation requests resolver 203 detects the type note and whether represents the main database server type, if, that is, for example types of comments is "/* master*/", and then operation requests resolver 203 can determine that the database server corresponding with the type note is main database server.Operation requests divider 207 just can be distributed to main database server with operation requests like this, subsequently.
Yet when operation requests resolver 203 did not detect types of comments in the operation requests, the parse operation request was with the type of decision operation request.
According to embodiments of the invention, the type of operation requests comprises write operation and read operation.Operation requests resolver 203 can according to the key word in the SQL statement, come the type of decision operation request.For example, operation requests resolver 203 can detect first word in the SQL statement, if this word is the word of the write operation such as the expression such as INSERT, UPDATE, REPLACE, then the type of decision operation request is write operation; And if this word is other word that does not represent write operation, then the type of operation requests resolver 203 decision operation requests is read operation.Then, operation requests resolver 203 is determined the database server corresponding with the operation requests type.According to embodiments of the invention, be main database server corresponding to the database server of write operation, be from database server corresponding to the database server of read operation.
Alternatively, if operation requests resolver 203 detects and has types of comments in the operation requests but type of comment does not represent the main database server type, then operation requests resolver 203 parse operation requests, the type of decision operation request, and operation requests resolver 203 is determined the database server corresponding with the type.Subsequently, operation requests divider 207 is distributed to the database server corresponding with the type of operation requests with this operation requests, that is, if the type of operation requests is write operation, then operation requests divider 207 is distributed to main database server with operation requests; And if the type of operation requests is read operation, then operation requests divider 207 distributes to operation requests from database server.
According to embodiments of the invention, operation requests resolver 203 is after the server of specified data storehouse, check database server by database auditing device 205, subsequently, operation requests divider 207 is distributed to operation requests corresponding database server or is returned miscue according to check result.Wherein, determined at operation requests resolver 203 is in the situation of database server, represents that in check result when normal from the database server state, operation requests divider 207 distributes to operation requests from database server; Represent when undesired from the database server state in check result, database auditing device 205 checks main database server, when the main database server state is normal, operation requests divider 207 is distributed to main database server with operation requests, when the main database server state was undesired, operation requests divider 207 returned the disabled miscue of expression database server.And be in the situation of main database server at operation requests resolver 203 determined database servers, when check result represented that the main database server state is normal, operation requests divider 207 was distributed to main database server with operation requests; When check result represented that the main database server state is undesired, operation requests divider 207 returned the disabled miscue of expression database server.
Because above-mentioned each equipment (device) embodiment is corresponding with aforementioned approaches method embodiment, therefore no longer each device embodiment is described in detail.
A kind of system 1000 of allocation database operation requests also is provided according to another aspect of the invention.Referring to Fig. 3, system 1000 comprises the said equipment 200; One or more apps server 300-1 ..., 300-n, be suitable for sending operation requests for database to equipment 200; And main database server 400a and one or more from database server 400b1 ..., 400bn, be suitable for the inspection in response to equipment 200, return its state to equipment 200, and receiving equipment 200 operation requests of distributing.
Intrinsic not relevant with any certain computer, virtual system or miscellaneous equipment with demonstration at this algorithm that provides.Various general-purpose systems also can be with using based on the teaching at this.According to top description, it is apparent constructing the desired structure of this type systematic.In addition, the present invention is not also for any certain programmed language.Should be understood that and to utilize various programming languages to realize content of the present invention described here, and the top description that language-specific is done is in order to disclose preferred forms of the present invention.
In the instructions that provides herein, a large amount of details have been described.Yet, can understand, embodiments of the invention can be put into practice in the situation of these details not having.In some instances, be not shown specifically known method, structure and technology, so that not fuzzy understanding of this description.
Similarly, be to be understood that, in order to simplify the disclosure and to help to understand one or more in each inventive aspect, in the description to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, each feature of the present invention is grouped together in single embodiment, figure or the description to it sometimes in the above.Yet the method for the disclosure should be construed to the following intention of reflection: namely the present invention for required protection requires the more feature of feature clearly put down in writing than institute in each claim.Or rather, as following claims reflected, inventive aspect was to be less than all features of the disclosed single embodiment in front.Therefore, follow claims of embodiment and incorporate clearly thus this embodiment into, wherein each claim itself is as independent embodiment of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art are appreciated that and can adaptively change and they are arranged in one or more devices different from this embodiment the module in the device among the embodiment.Can become the some module combinations among the embodiment module or unit or assembly, and can be divided into a plurality of submodules or subelement or sub-component to them in addition.In such feature and/or process or module at least some are mutually repelling, and can adopt any combination to disclosed all features in this instructions (comprising claim, summary and the accompanying drawing followed) and so all processes or the unit of disclosed any method or equipment make up.Unless in addition clearly statement, disclosed each feature can be by providing identical, being equal to or similar purpose alternative features replaces in this instructions (comprising claim, summary and the accompanying drawing followed).
In addition, those skilled in the art can understand, although embodiment more described herein comprise some feature rather than further feature included among other embodiment, the combination of the feature of different embodiment means and is within the scope of the present invention and forms different embodiment.For example, in claims, the one of any of embodiment required for protection can be used with array mode arbitrarily.
Each device embodiment of the present invention can realize with hardware, perhaps realizes with the software module of moving at one or more processor, and perhaps the combination with them realizes.It will be understood by those of skill in the art that and to use in practice microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) to realize according to some or all some or repertoire of modules in the device of the embodiment of the invention.The present invention can also be embodied as be used to part or all the device program (for example, computer program and computer program) of carrying out method as described herein.Such realization program of the present invention can be stored on the computer-readable medium, perhaps can have the form of one or more signal.Such signal can be downloaded from internet website and obtain, and perhaps provides at carrier signal, perhaps provides with any other form.
It should be noted above-described embodiment the present invention will be described rather than limit the invention, and those skilled in the art can design alternative embodiment in the situation of the scope that does not break away from claims.In the claims, any reference symbol between bracket should be configured to limitations on claims.Word " comprises " not to be got rid of existence and is not listed in element or step in the claim.Being positioned at word " " before the element or " one " does not get rid of and has a plurality of such elements.The present invention can realize by means of the hardware that includes some different elements and by means of the computing machine of suitably programming.In having enumerated the unit claim of some devices, several in these devices can be to come imbody by same hardware branch.The use of word first, second and C grade does not represent any order.Can be title with these word explanations.
Claims (9)
1. the system of an allocation database operation requests (1000) comprising:
The equipment of allocation database operation requests (200);
One or more apps server (300-1 ..., 300-n), be suitable for to the operation requests of described equipment (200) transmission for database;
Main database server (400a) and one or more are from database server (400b1,, 400bn), be suitable for the inspection in response to described equipment (200), return its state to described equipment (200), and receive the operation requests that described equipment (200) distributes; And
The equipment of described allocation database operation requests (200) comprising:
Network interface (201) is suitable for receiving the operation requests for database;
Operation requests resolver (203) is suitable for resolving described operation requests, detecting the types of comments in the described operation requests, and determines the database server corresponding with described types of comments; And
Operation requests divider (207) is suitable for described operation requests is distributed to determined database server.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein when described operation requests resolver (203) does not detect types of comments in the described operation requests, resolve described operation requests, judging the type of described operation requests, and determine the database server corresponding with the type of described operation requests; And
Described operation requests divider (207) is distributed to the determined database server corresponding with the type of described operation requests with described operation requests.
3. system as claimed in claim 2, the type of wherein said operation requests comprises write operation and read operation.
4. system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said database server comprises main database server and from database server, database server corresponding to write operation is main database server, is from database server corresponding to the database server of read operation.
5. such as each the described system in the claim 1 to 4, the equipment of described allocation database operation requests (200) also comprises:
Database auditing device (205) is suitable for checking determined database server; And
Described operation requests divider (207) is distributed to described operation requests corresponding database server or is returned miscue according to check result.
6. such as each the described system in the claim 1 to 5, wherein when described operation requests resolver (203) detects types of comments in the described operation requests, detect described types of comments and whether represent the main database server type, represent in the situation of main database server type detecting described types of comments, determine that the database server corresponding with described types of comments is main database server.
7. system as claimed in claim 2, wherein when described operation requests resolver (203) does not detect types of comments in the described operation requests, according to the key word in the database program language statement that comprises in the described operation requests, judge the type of described operation requests.
8. system as claimed in claim 5, wherein
Determined at described operation requests resolver (203) is in the situation of database server, represent that in check result when normal from the database server state, described operation requests divider (207) distributes to described operation requests from database server; Represent when undesired from the database server state in check result, described database auditing device (205) checks main database server, when the main database server state is normal, described operation requests divider (207) is distributed to main database server with described operation requests, when the main database server state was undesired, described operation requests divider (207) returned the disabled miscue of expression database server; Perhaps
In the situation of main database server at the determined database server of described operation requests resolver (203), when check result represented that the main database server state is normal, described operation requests divider (207) was distributed to main database server with described operation requests; When check result represented that the main database server state is undesired, described operation requests divider (207) returned the disabled miscue of expression database server.
9. system as claimed in claim 7, wherein said database program language is Structured Query Language (SQL) SQL, described database is the MySQL database.
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| CN102591964A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-18 | 北京新媒传信科技有限公司 | Implementation method and device for data reading-writing splitting system |
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