CN102980433B - Channel system - Google Patents
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- CN102980433B CN102980433B CN201210472701.6A CN201210472701A CN102980433B CN 102980433 B CN102980433 B CN 102980433B CN 201210472701 A CN201210472701 A CN 201210472701A CN 102980433 B CN102980433 B CN 102980433B
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- air deflector
- passage
- channel
- transition
- conduit wall
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Abstract
The invention relates to a channel system. The channel system is used for optimizing the relationship between the pressure decline of fluid flowing cross the system and heat, moisture and/or mass transfer. The channel system comprises at least one channel and at least one deflector, wherein the channel is provided with at least one channel wall, and the deflector has a preset height; the deflector laterally extends across the channel in the flowing direction of the fluid; the deflector comprises an upstream part, a downstream part and a middle part, the middle part is arranged between the upstream part and the downstream part, the upstream part deviates from the channel wall inward the channel in the flowing direction of the fluid, the downstream part returns back to the channel wall in the flowing direction of the fluid, and a transition between the middle part and the downstream part is bent by a preset radius (R3); a transition between the downstream part and the channel wall is bent by a preset radius (R4); and the radius (R4) of the transition between the downstream part and the channel wall is 0.2 times of the preset height of the deflector to 2 times of the preset height of the deflector.
Description
The application is to be on April 18th, 2008 applying date, and application number is 200880128696.9, and name is called the divisional application of the Chinese patent application of " channel system ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of channel system, this channel system is used for pressure drop and the heat of the fluid of optimizing the described channel system of flowing through, relation between moisture and/or mass transfer, described channel system comprises at least one passage with at least one conduit wall and at least one air deflector (flowdirector) with predetermined altitude, described air deflector extends transverse to described passage in the mobile direction of fluid, described air deflector comprises upstream portion, downstream portion and the pars intermedia between described upstream portion and described downstream portion, described upstream portion departs from described passage from described conduit wall on described fluid flow direction, and, described downstream portion returns towards described conduit wall on described fluid flow direction, wherein, transition (transition) between described pars intermedia and described downstream portion is according to predetermined radii bending.
Background technology
Heat exchanger/catalyst normally has the channel system of main body, and this channel system is formed with a large amount of passage aisles arranged side by side, the fluid that for example will be converted or the fluid mixture described passage aisle of flowing through.This channel system is made from a variety of materials, for example ceramic material or metal (as stainless steel or aluminium).
The channel cross-section of the channel system of being made up of ceramic material is generally rectangle or polygon, as hexagon.Described channel system is to make by the mode of extruding, this means that the cross section of passage is identical along the whole length of described passage, and described conduit wall will be smooth and flat.
In the time manufacturing the channel body of metal, conventionally corrugated ribbon (corrugated strip) and planar band (flat strip) are wrapped on a spool (spool).This causes channel cross-section is triangle or trapezoidal.Available most of metal channel system processed is identical along the cross section of whole length on the market, and has the smooth uniform conduit wall the same with ceramic channel body.This channel system of two types can coated, for example, is coated with catalytically-active materials (catalyticallyactive material) in catalyst.
The heat, moisture and/or the mass transfer that in working environment, the most important thing is to flow through in channel system between fluid or fluid mixture and the conduit wall of passage.
In the channel system of the above-mentioned type, for example, for the channel system of the internal combustion engine of vehicle or industry, have relatively little channel cross-section and in these environment, conventionally use relatively little fluid velocity, fluid is moving with the laminar flow of rule (relatively regular) relatively along passage.Therefore, described flowing is in fact (laminar) of laminar flow.Only have along in the short distance at feeder connection place, can produce some with respect to horizontal the flowing of conduit wall.
As known in the field, form boundary layer at fluid stream and the conduit wall adjacent of laminar flow, speed is herein zero substantially.First, being considered in the situation of fully developed flow (fully developed flow), heat, moisture and/or mass transfer mainly occur by relatively slow diffusion, and described boundary layer has obviously reduced mass transfer coefficient.Mass transfer coefficient is the measurement of mass transport rates, and in order to obtain high efficiency heat exchange and/or catalytic conversion, mass transfer coefficient should be very large.In order to increase mass transfer coefficient, must make fluid flow towards the surface of channel side, reduce in boundary layer like this, and increase the fluid transfer of one deck to another layer.This can realize by so-called turbulent flow.In smooth and uniform passage, in the time that Reynolds number reaches about more than 2000 value, laminar flow will become turbulent flow.If think to reach in the passage of the channel system relating to the Reynolds number of magnitude like this here, just need to use than the much larger fluid velocity of common fluid speed in this working environment.Therefore,, in the channel system of above-mentioned low reynolds number, need artificial means to manufacture turbulent flow, as special air deflector is set in passage.
US 4152302 discloses a kind of catalyst with passage, and in this converter, air deflector is with the form setting of the transverse metal wing of punching from metal tape.Catalytic converter with air deflector has significantly increased heat, moisture and/or mass transfer.But pressure drop also increases sharp simultaneously.And have been found that the impact that impact that pressure drop increase brings brings than described heat, moisture and/or mass transfer increase is larger.Wherein, structure, size and the geometry of air deflector depended in pressure drop.But, many weeks, the air deflector of described type produces excessive pressure drop, and is not therefore applied by large-scale business.
EP 0869844 discloses turbulent flow generator, and this turbulent flow generator extends transverse to the conduit of catalyst or heat/moisture converter, with the pressure drop that is improved and the ratio of heat, moisture and/or mass transfer.
WO 2007/078240 discloses flow transition device, and this flow-transfer device extends transverse to passage.But the manufacturer of this system always thinks further to improve the ratio of pressure drop and heat, moisture and/or mass transfer.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to a kind of channel system, in this channel system, the ratio of pressure drop and heat, moisture and/or mass transfer can further improve.
Above-mentioned purpose realizes by the channel system with the feature limiting in additional claim.
Channel system of the present invention is for optimizing the relation between pressure drop and heat, moisture and/or the mass transfer of fluid of this system of flowing through, and channel system comprises at least one passage with at least one conduit wall and at least one air deflector with predetermined altitude.Air deflector extends and transverse to passage in the mobile direction of fluid.In addition, air deflector comprises upstream portion, downstream portion and the pars intermedia between upstream portion and downstream portion.Upstream portion departs to channel interior from conduit wall on fluid flow direction, and downstream portion returns towards conduit wall on fluid flow direction, and wherein, the transition between pars intermedia and downstream portion is according to predetermined radii bending.Curve transition between middle part and downstream portion has reduced pressure drop, and has therefore further improved the ratio between pressure drop and heat, moisture and/or the mass transfer of fluid of the channel system of flowing through.The reduction of pressure drop caused the flowing through rate of flow of fluid of channel system increases, and the required electric energy of system reduces.This rising together with heat, moisture and/or mass transfer rate or constant one is worked, thereby makes system more efficient.In addition, in the time of needs coating, shaped form surface is just more favourable, because the coating being attached on lower surface has increased, and the coating of whole passage also may be more even.And the spark/burr producing in coating process still less.Spark/burr may be the deposit of material on certain point (such as on sharp edge).Deposit is thicker than all the other coating, at high temperature uses and time may cause deposit to come off by vibration.In addition, in fact spark has increased pressure drop.Surface Paint Gloss can not only reduce pressure drop, and this also means the consumption that can reduce noble metal.Because production cost depends on the consumption of noble metal, thereby smooth surface can also reduce production costs.
Reduce pressure drop but increase heat, moisture and/or quality conversion by guiding fluid, therefore because the expansion of cross section produces fluid vortex (namely controlled turbulent motion), thereby having improved the quality of system.Turbulent motion is necessary for increasing heat, moisture and/or quality conversion.Preferably, the radius of the First Transition between pars intermedia and downstream portion is 0.1*h
1-2.1*h
1, be preferably 0.35*h
1-2.1*h
1, and 0.35*h more preferably
1-1.1*h
1.
Suitably, the height of air deflector be passage with the similarity direction of the first height on 0.35 times of the height measured.For fluid-mixing fluid layer also produces the turbulent flow that can increase heat, moisture and/or mass transfer, this height is necessary for telling on most of fluid of the passage of flowing through.
The pars intermedia of air deflector can comprise planar portions, and this planar portions is basically parallel to a conduit wall of passage.Planar portions is used in the direction that is parallel to passage and guides fluid.Can increase like this fluid velocity that is parallel to channel direction.In order to manufacture air deflector, also can need planar portions.Advantageously, in the mobile direction of fluid, the length of planar portions is 0-2*H, preferably, is 0-2*h
1, and 0-1*h more preferably
1.
Preferably, the transition between downstream portion and conduit wall is according to predetermined radii bending.The radius of the transition between downstream portion and conduit wall is 0.5*h
1-1.7*h
1.The object of this Radius is to prevent to occur after air deflector the second eddy current.This unwanted the second eddy current can increase pressure drop but not increase heat, moisture and/or mass transfer.Therefore, by avoiding this eddy current can increase the ratio of pressure drop and heat, moisture and/or mass transfer.Like this, pressure drop is further reduced, thereby has improved the efficiency of channel system.In addition, this level and smooth transition has prevented from producing spark/burr in spraying process, therefore, this transition relate to spark/burr aspect with above-mentioned middle reaches portion and downstream portion between transition have advantages of identical.
Preferably, the 3rd transition between upstream portion and pars intermedia is according to predetermined radii bending.Be like this for after fluid is flowed through upstream portion in the direction towards parallel with passage one side level and smooth guiding fluid.Level and smooth guiding has further reduced pressure drop.The radius of the transition between upstream portion and pars intermedia can be 0.2*h
1-0.5*h
1.In addition, this seamlessly transitting prevented the generation of spark/burr in spraying process.Therefore, this transition relate to spark/burr aspect with above-mentioned middle reaches portion and downstream portion between transition have advantages of identical.Alternatively, can equal the radius of the transition between pars intermedia and downstream portion at the radius of the transition between upstream portion and pars intermedia.The application that equal radius may flow to the direction contrary with above-mentioned direction of flow for fluid is favourable.
The transition of advantageously, establishing between the conduit wall of passage and the upstream portion of air deflector is according to predetermined radii bending.This is that this can increase because cross-sectional area reduces fluid velocity in order to guide smoothly the fluid of laminar flow to flow on transverse to channel direction.In addition, this seamlessly transit to have stoped in spraying process, produce spark/burr.Therefore, this transition relate to spark/burr aspect with above-mentioned middle reaches portion and downstream portion between transition have advantages of identical.Preferably, the knuckle radius between conduit wall and the upstream portion of channel system can be 0.2*h
1-0.5*h
1.
Suitably, the plane of the conduit wall departing from respect to described upstream portion, the planar portions of upstream portion has the first inclination angle.This is in order to guide fluid towards the direction capable with difference between diversity channels, like this can be in order to increase heat, moisture and/or mass transfer turbulization.The first inclination angle can be 10 °-60 °, and is more preferably 30 °-50 °.
Preferably, the plane of the conduit wall returning with respect to downstream portion, the planar portions of downstream portion has the second inclination angle.This is in order to increase eddy current, i.e. the controlled turbulent motion of fluid, and this turbulent motion is because cross section different (divergent) causes.This turbulent motion is necessary for increasing heat, moisture and/or mass transfer rate.Preferably, the second inclination angle is 50 °-90 °, is more preferably 60 ± 10 °.
Suitably, passage has the first cross-sectional area A at air deflector place
1, the second cross-sectional area A
2, wherein, A
1with A
2ratio, i.e. A
1/ A
2, be greater than 1.5, be preferably more than 2.5, more preferably, be greater than 3.Ratio A
1/ A
2size in passage obtain extremely important for generation of the needed flow velocity of required turbulent motion, therefore this ratio A
1/ A
2also extremely important to increasing heat, moisture and/or mass transfer.
On the inner side of the conduit wall that in a preferred embodiment of the invention, pars intermedia still departs from upstream portion.This is in order further to reduce pressure drop.
Passage can comprise at least one air deflector, and this at least one air deflector is with respect to described air deflector mirror image switch.When some channel settings together constantly, the air deflector of such mirror image switch increases heat, moisture and/or the mass transfer in whole system.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross section of channel system can be peg-top, and is preferably triangle.From the angle of manufacturing, this shape is preferred.Especially, about unit are, the cross section of equilateral triangle can make the friction loss minimum along conduit wall, and has provided like this maximum fluidity rate of each unit are.Therefore,, in order to increase heat, moisture and/or mass transfer, equilateral triangle cross section is preferred.
Conventionally,, unless made clear and definite other definition here, the noun used of using in claim can explain according to the common meaning in the technical field of place.At least one example that is interpreted as element, device, part, mode, step etc. that all relating to "/described [element, device, part, mode, step etc.] " all should be opened herein, unless clearly stated, any step disclosed herein all needn't be carried out according to disclosed exact sequence.
Other objects of the present invention, Characteristics and advantages are by by hereinafter detailed open, appended claims and accompanying drawing describe in detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Describe and will better understand above and other object of the present invention, Characteristics and advantages by the explanation to the preferred embodiment of the present invention below and nonrestrictive details.Herein, similar components is used identical Reference numeral.
Fig. 1 exemplifies the perspective view of reel of the present invention (roll);
Fig. 2 is according to the perspective view of channel system partly open of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the cross section of replacing the passage in embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view that the top of two passages in Fig. 2 is stacked together;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of seeing the passage Fig. 2 from one end of passage;
Fig. 6 exemplifies the layer in channel-length direction with passage.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to exemplify current preferred embodiment, for a more detailed description to the present invention below in conjunction with schematic diagram.
Fig. 1 exemplifies the reel 1 having according to channel system 2 of the present invention.Described reel 1 can be in heat exchanger (for example heat wheel, gas-cooled nuclear reactor, gas-turbine blade cooler or any other suitable equipment) for catalyst (catalyst).
Composition passage 4(is shown in Fig. 6) corrugated ribbon (corrugated strip) 13 roll and form the cylinder with requirement diameter with at least one planar band 14, this cylinder forms the actual core of the channel system 2 in reel 1.The reel of the sawtooth 15 in corrugated ribbon 13 and the basic planar band 14 prevention formation that are plane is flexible., corrugated ribbon 13 and planar band 14 stop described with 12 and 13 different layers mutual dislocation.In addition, housing 3 is around channel system 2, and support passage system 2 keeps together, and can be fastened in adjacent structure.
Alternatively, a large amount of corrugated ribbons 13 and planar band 14 are arranged stratification by turning and are seen Fig. 6 to form passage 4().For instance, this arrangement is suitable for heat-exchangers of the plate type.
Shown in Fig. 2 is with the first air deflector 7 with respect to the perspective view of the partly open of the passage 4 of the second air deflector 8 of the first air deflector 7 mirror image reversals.But, respectively there is the whole distribution of lengths of more than one air deflector 7 and 8 along passage 4.The installation of dissimilar air deflector is not only interchangeable, as shown in Figure 2, and is arbitrarily.Alternatively, can only use the one in the air deflector of two types.In this case, air deflector is also along the whole distribution of lengths of passage 4.Air deflector 7 and 8 can be guided through the fluid that entrance 5 flows in predetermined direction.
Passage 4 is small size passage, that is, passage be generally highly less than 4mm.Preferably, see in Fig. 3, the height H of passage is 1mm-3.5mm.Conduit wall 6a, the 6b of channel system 4 and 6c form the cross section of equilateral triangle, and this conduit wall 6a, 6b and 6c may be less than 5mm.But the shape of cross section is not limited to equilateral triangle, it can be any shape that is suitable for this application.The quantity of conduit wall is not limited only to 3; It can be any suitable quantity.In addition, in the mobile direction of fluid, conduit wall 6a, 6b and 6c surround into passage 4, and result makes fluid may not can from a passage 4, flow to another.On the other hand, the present invention is not limited to the passage being surrounded into by conduit wall; Conduit wall 6 also can partly surround passage 4, and fluid can flow to another passage from a passage 4 like this.
The length of passage 4 can vary depending on the application.For example, for catalyst, the length of passage 4 can be 150-200mm, and for heat exchanger, the length of passage 4 can be 150-250mm.But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned length.And, in order to form the system with Len req, can be by the channel system of any amount 2 arranged in succession.
In addition, passage 4 can be axially any direction.Namely, the present invention is not limited to horizontal channel.
The first air deflector 7 is arranged on a conduit wall 6a of passage 4, and like this, the fluid (arrow) flowing into from entrance 5 is just guided to two other passage side 6b, 6c.Projections 12 in the opposition side of the first air deflector 7.The air deflector 7,8(air deflector 7 and 8 that there is particular geometry by use each other and and the entrance 5 of passage 4 between there is predetermined distance), obtained the optimization relation between heat, moisture and/or mass transfer and pressure drop.
At fluid, by after entrance 5, fluid stream has entrance turbulent flow.This turbulent flow, along with fluid flows through passage and reduces, so just forms the laminar flow fluid stream (laminar fluidflow) with constant speed in passage 4.In the time that fluid approaches first fluid controller 7, speed increases partly because cross section reduces.After the fluid control 7 of flowing through, because becoming large and speed increase, cross section produces eddy current, i.e. the turbulent motion of controlled (controlled) of fluid.Air deflector 7 affects the major part of the fluid of the passage 4 of flowing through, and causes the fluid layer (flow layer) of fluid to mix.This turbulent motion is necessary for increasing heat, moisture and/or mass transfer rate.
In Fig. 3, the adjacent installation of air deflector 7a, 7b of the same type.Air deflector 7 extends inward into passage 4, and has upstream portion 9, pars intermedia 10 and downstream portion 11.Air deflector 7a and 7b are highly h
1.The place that it is A that the first air deflector 7a is arranged on apart from entrance 5.The best position of the first air deflector 7a is determined according to current operating environment.
Upstream portion 9 comprises planar portions 21, and with respect to the plane of conduit wall 6a, this planar portions 21 has the first predetermined inclined angle alpha
1, planar portions 21 in the mobile direction of fluid along the first predetermined inclined angle alpha
1depart from.The first inclined angle alpha
1be defined as conduit wall 6a place plane and planar portions 21 with respect to the angle between the extended surface of conduit wall 6a place plane, this angle is positioned at the downstream on the extended surface of planar portions 21 and the crosspoint of conduit wall 6a place plane.The first inclined angle alpha
1also be defined as the angle α in Fig. 3
1.In addition the first inclined angle alpha,
1be 10 °-60 °, and be preferably 30 °-50 °.
The gradient of upstream portion 9 has increased fluid velocity, and guides fluid towards other surfaces, has so just activated controlled turbulent motion, to increase heat, moisture and/or mass transfer.
Pars intermedia 10 is installed between upstream portion 9 and downstream portion 11.Pars intermedia 10 is still in the inner side of passage 6, and upstream portion 9 extends from this passage 6.Alternatively, pars intermedia 10 can be in the inner side of conduit wall 6 and outside.
There is predetermined radii R
2bending transition 19 be arranged between pars intermedia 10 and upstream portion 9.The radius R of the transition 19 between pars intermedia 10 and upstream portion 9
2for 0.1-2 times of air deflector 7 height, that is, and 0.1*h
1-2*h
1.This is in order smoothly direction parallel with a side of passage direction of flow to be guided after fluid stream is by upstream portion.For thering is the minimum preferably embodiment of channel height H, radius R
2equal 0.04-1.08mm.For thering is the maximum preferably embodiment of high channel degree H, radius R
2equal 0.14-4.31mm.
Pars intermedia 10 comprises planar portions 16, and this planar portions 16 is parallel to a conduit wall 6a of passage 4, and shorter with respect to the length of upstream portion 9 and downstream portion 11.And air deflector 7 is with respect to the maximum height h of conduit wall 6
1in planar portions 16 on pars intermedia 10, air deflector 7 extends from conduit wall 6.Height h
1preferably 0.35 of the height H of passage 4 times.For thering is the minimum preferably embodiment of channel height H, this height h
1equal 0.35-0.54mm.For thering is the maximum preferably embodiment of channel height H, this height h
1equal 1.40-2.15mm.Planar portions 16 can be for manufacturing former thereby producing, but this planar portions 16 is also guided by upstream portion 9 at fluid to direction (being parallel to conduit wall 6a, the 6b of passage 4 and the direction of 6c) the aid in guide fluid along passage 4 after relative conduit wall 6b and 6c.The length of planar portions 16 in the mobile direction of fluid can be 0-2*H, is preferably 0-2.0h
1, and 0-1.0h more preferably
1.The planar portions 16 of pars intermedia 10 can tilt with respect to conduit wall 6a, instead of parallel with conduit wall 6, and upstream portion 9 extends from this conduit wall 6.In the mobile direction of fluid, this inclination can be not only in the inside of passage 4 but also towards conduit wall 6a.In another embodiment, pars intermedia 10 can have the profile of slight bending, for example convex.Transition 17,19 must not be bent to direction that will be directed.
The downstream portion 11 of air deflector 7 comprises planar portions 22, and in the mobile direction of fluid, this planar portions 22 is with the second predetermined inclined angle alpha with respect to conduit wall 6a place plane
2backward channel wall 6a.The second inclined angle alpha
2be defined as conduit wall 6a place plane and planar portions 22 to the angle between the extended surface of conduit wall 6a place plane, this angle is positioned at the upstream of the extended surface of planar portions 22 and the intersection point of conduit wall 6a place plane.The second inclined angle alpha
2can also be defined as the angle α in Fig. 3
2.In addition the second inclined angle alpha,
2be 50 °-90 °, be preferably 60 ± 10 °.Preferably, planar portions 22 is enough short, and downstream portion 11 can turn back to conduit wall 6a in level and smooth transition 18 like this, and transition 18 preferably has large radius R
4.Because cross section expands, planar portions 22 allows fluid to produce controlled turbulent motion, and this controlled turbulent motion is by the ratio of optimizing between heat, moisture and/or mass transfer and pressure drop.
The predetermined radii R of the transition 17 between pars intermedia 11 and described downstream portion
3for 0.1-2.1 times of air deflector 7 height, i.e. 0.1*h
1-2.1*h
1, be preferably the 0.35-2.1 of air deflector 7 height doubly, i.e. 0.35*h
1-2.1*h
1, and, more preferably 0.35-1.1 times of air deflector 7 height, i.e. 0.35*h
1-1.1*h
1.For having the minimum preferably embodiment of channel height H, these values are respectively 0.04-1.13mm, 0.12-1.13mm and 0.12-0.59mm.For having the maximum preferably way of example of channel height H, these values are respectively 0.14-4.52mm, 0.49-4.52mm and 0.49-2.37mm.This radius by the major part guiding of fluid to conduit wall 6a to manufacture eddy current, i.e. the in check stream motion of fluid, producing this controlled turbulent motion is necessary for increasing heat, moisture and/or mass transfer rate.
Alternatively, the described radius R of the transition 19 between described upstream portion 9 and described pars intermedia 10
2can equal the radius R of the transition 17 between described pars intermedia 10 and described downstream portion 11
3.Namely, radius R
2for 0.1-2.1 times of air deflector 7 height, i.e. 0.1*h
1-2.1*h
1, be preferably the 0.35-2.1 of air deflector 7 height doubly, i.e. 0.35*h
1-2.1*h
1, and, more preferably 0.35-1.1 times of air deflector 7 height, i.e. 0.35*h
1-1.1*h
1.For having the minimum preferably embodiment of channel height H, these values are respectively 0.04-1.13mm, 0.12-1.13mm and 0.12-0.59mm.For having the maximum preferably embodiment of channel height H, these values are respectively 0.14-4.52mm, 0.49-4.52mm and 0.49-2.37mm.Above-mentioned equal radius is favourable to some application, and in these application, fluid may flow along the opposite direction of above-mentioned direction.
Between the conduit wall 6a of passage 4 and upstream portion 9, be that level and smooth transition 20 has predetermined radii R
1.The radius R of the transition 20 between conduit wall 6a and the upstream portion 9 of passage 4
1help upwards to guide fluid admission passage 4 and this radius R
1the height h of air deflector 7
10.1-2 doubly, that is, and 0.1*h
1-2*h
1.For having the minimum preferably embodiment of channel height H, this value equals 0.04-1.08mm, and for having the maximum preferably embodiment of channel height H, this value equals 0.14-4.13mm.
Consider the ratio of pressure drop and heat, moisture and/or mass transfer, lay respectively at the radius R of the transition between conduit wall 6a and upstream portion 9 and between upstream portion 9 and pars intermedia 10
1and R
2optimum value can by use some empirical parameters determine.Such as these parameters are the cross-sectional area A of the passage 4 at air deflector 7,8 places
1cross-sectional area A with passage 4
2ratio, in cross-section variation and the cross-sectional area A of air deflector 7,8 place's passages 4
1ratio, and upstream portion 9 and downstream portion 11 the first and second inclined angle alpha separately
1, α
2.The cross-sectional area A of passage 4
1be defined as the cross section at entrance 5 places of passage 4.The cross-sectional area A of passage 4
1also can be defined as the A in Fig. 5
1.Passage 4 is in the cross-sectional area A at air deflector 7,8 places
2the height that is defined as pars intermedia 10 is h
1the cross-sectional area at place.The cross-sectional area A of passage 4
2also can be defined as the A in Fig. 5
2.If pars intermedia is not parallel to conduit wall 6, upstream portion 9 extends from this conduit wall 6, cross-sectional area A
2the average cross-section that is defined as pars intermedia 10 is long-pending.
Level and smooth transition 18 is between downstream portion 11 and the conduit wall 6a of passage 4, and this transition 18 has radius R
4.Described radius R
4the formation of having cut down the second eddy current, otherwise the second eddy current can increase pressure drop.Radius R
4be air deflector 7 height 0.2-2 doubly, that is, and 0.2h
1-2h
1, and be preferably air deflector 7 height 0.5-1.5 doubly, that is, and 0.5h
1-1.5h
1.For having the minimum preferably embodiment of channel height H, this value is respectively 0.01-2.15mm, and 0.18-0.81.For the embodiment with largest passages height H, this value equals respectively 0.03-8.62mm and 0.70-3.23mm.But transition 18,20 is not limited to has radius, they can be also straight.
Level and smooth transition 18,19,20 and 21 cause the flowing through fluid stream of air deflector 7 is more level and smooth, and this transition guides fluid simultaneously on specific direction.Because pressure drop is fricative due between fluid and the conduit wall of passage, so level and smooth transition can also reduce pressure drop.
In Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the upstream portion 9 of air deflector has planar portions 21.In another not shown embodiment, upstream portion 9 can comprise two relative bends, and there is no planar portions between these two bends.Namely, upstream portion 9 can form by the transition of spill 20, and the transition 20 of this spill is in conduit wall 6a and the transition 19 in convex between continuous upstream portion, and the transition 19 of this convex is between upstream portion 9 and pars intermedia 10.Here the first inclined angle alpha,
1refer to by the angle between tangent line (seeing sectional view) and the conduit wall 6a place plane of two bend deformation points.In other respects, the definition at the first inclination angle is similar with the situation with planar portions 21.
In another embodiment, downstream portion 11 can have the shape of spill or convex, or downstream portion 11 can comprise two relative bends, and there is no planar portions 22 between these two bends.That is, downstream portion 11 can form by the transition of convex 17, and the transition 17 of this convex is in pars intermedia and the transition 18 in spill between continuous downstream portion, and the transition 18 of this spill is between downstream portion and conduit wall.In this case, the second inclined angle alpha
2refer to by the angle between tangent line (seeing sectional view) and the conduit wall 6a place plane of two bend deformation points.In other respects, the definition at the first inclination angle is similar with the situation with planar portions 22.
In Fig. 3, the second air deflector 7b is positioned at the place apart from B apart from the first air deflector 7a, and the second air deflector 7b has same geometric shape with air deflector 7a.Compared with the geometric shape of the first air deflector 7a, the second air deflector 7b can have different geometric shapes.Should be enough large apart from B, the turbulent motion producing after fluid is flowed through the first air deflector 7a like this may be maximized utilization, and fluid can along the direction of passage 4, that is, be parallel to the conduit wall 6a-c of passage 4 like this.By this distance, do not need to reduce heat, moisture and/or mass transfer rate and just stoped unnecessary pressure drop.The present invention is not limited to and between air deflector, is set to equidistance B.On the contrary, between air deflector, can be any distance.
Projection 12 is installed above air deflector 7a and 7b.Preferably, the height h of projection 12
2be less than the height h of air deflector 7
1.Reduce so unnecessary turbulent flow in projection 12.More preferably, the shape of projection 12 can well match with respective protrusions 12, and respective protrusions 12 is by the air deflector definition (see figure 4) at second channel downside.The highly preferred height of projection 12 makes can stably install in the time that passage is installed in layering, prevents from stretching.Here flexiblely refer to channel layer unnecessary relatively moving each other.The present invention is not limited to has a projection in each air deflector 7.As an alternative, such as, along on fluid flow direction, can on first air deflector 7, be provided with a projection, in the end an air deflector 7 is provided with a projection.
Shown in Fig. 4 is two passages 4 that stack, and as in channel system 2, each passage 4 has the first air deflector 7 and and the second mirror image reversal air deflector 8 of the first air deflector 7.If only use the air deflector that extends into passage, only have so the air deflector of half to be utilized in the time that passage is rolled into reel or arranged superposed as shown in Figure 6.In order further to increase heat, moisture and/or mass transfer, making adaptably each the second air deflector is that all like this passages are all provided with air deflector with respect to the air deflector 8 of air deflector 7 mirror image reversals.Be placed and the place of the first air deflector 7 at a distance of preset distance B with respect to the second mirror image reversal air deflector 8 of the first air deflector 7.Should be enough large apart from B, after fluid is flowed through the first air deflector 7, the turbulent motion of generation can be maximized utilization like this, and fluid can be mobile along the direction of passage 4, that is and, the conduit wall 6 that is parallel to passage 4 flows.The fluid that more approaches the second mirror image reversal air deflector obtains large expanding area (expansion area), and can reduce speed in part.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of seeing the passage Fig. 2 from one end of passage, and exemplifying cross section is how to be affected by the sawtooth 15 of both sides.In figure, exemplify the first air deflector 7 and mirror image reversal air deflector 8, and this first air deflector 7 and mirror image reversal air deflector 8 extend (see figure 1) on whole conduit wall 6a.The cross section of passage is triangle, but any peg-top cross section is all suitable.Like this, trapezoid cross section is also feasible.
In order to increase the turbulent motion needing, fluid has specific speed v at pars intermedia 10 places of air deflector 7
2necessary.Speed v
2depend on the cross-sectional area A at pars intermedia 10 places
2, passage 4 cross-sectional area A
1there is cross-sectional area A with passage
1the speed v of part
1the porch of passage (for example).By using formula A
2=A
1* (v
1)
2/ v
2, most preferred area A
1and A
2ratio (be A
1/ A
2) can calculate according to being used for.Area A
1and A
2ratio be greater than 1.5, be preferably more than 2.5, and more preferably, be greater than 3.
According to a substitute mode of the present invention, air deflector is installed by this way: the pars intermedia between described upstream portion and downstream portion is parallel with a side (side) of the triangular-section of passage, and air deflector extends from this side.In another one substitute mode, air deflector is installed by this way: the pars intermedia between upstream portion and downstream portion is vertical with a leg-of-mutton side of the triangular cross section of passage.This means, upstream portion and downstream portion tilt with respect to the both sides of passage respectively, and the side not only departing from respect to air deflector, also with respect to adjacent side.In another substitute mode, air deflector can be installed in such a way: the side that the sidepiece (side portion) of pars intermedia departs from respect to air deflector tilts, that is, air deflector forms the nonreentrant surface with four inclined lateral side.Alternatively, an air deflector can extend from a conduit wall 6a, returns to another conduit wall 6b, or air deflector can extend and return different conduit walls in any order from conduit wall 6a-c.For example, just can have one from conduit wall 6a, to extend every two air deflectors, and the air deflector between the extended air deflector of conduit wall 6a can extend successively from remaining two conduit wall 6b, c at these.Remain at one and replace in embodiment, air deflector can extend apart from passage 4 entrances or apart from air deflector 7,8 equidistants of passage middle and upper reaches from two or more conduit wall 6a-c.This has caused the passage between some conduit walls very narrow.Such air deflector can exemplify in the drawings in conjunction with air deflector 7,8.
Fig. 6 exemplify according on the longitudinal direction of passage of the present invention with the passage 2 in channel system layer.Preferably use corrugated ribbon 13, in corrugated ribbon 13, air deflector 7,8 is extruded from a side, so not only on flanging, has formed sawtooth 15 but also on interior flanging, has formed extrusion portion.Sawtooth 15 is the same with air deflector 7,8 mentioned above herein.In the present embodiment, used the basic planar band 14 for plane, this planar band 14 is also formed with sawtooth 15 with corresponding with the sawtooth on corrugated ribbon 13.Planar band 14 and corrugated ribbon 13 is overlapping presses together, the sawtooth 15 in planar band 14 just can coordinate into the sawtooth 15 in corrugated ribbon 13 like this.
For extra increase heat, moisture and/or mass transfer, the end that can make easily the downward passage of the end of cross-sectional triangle and cross-sectional triangle passage upwards is all provided with sawtooth/extrusion portion, so just causes all passages all to have air deflector.Therefore, for all passages with air deflector, thereby, sawtooth/extrusion portion is conveniently set in both sides, inwardly press at the base portion of the cross-sectional triangle of passage, make like this cross-sectional area reduce.Sawtooth/extrusion portion that the end of cross-sectional triangle points to respectively the passage of inside or outside compensates mutually along passage, and preferably, this sawtooth/extrusion portion equidistantly arranges each other.Thereby, be arranged in the cross section along its difference at same passage, there is the sawtooth of the sawtooth of base portion of triangle/extrusion portion of triangle shaped tip and the end of triangle/extrusion portion of triangular base.This has mainly reduced cross-sectional area, thereby helps turbulization.This means basis has inwardly been produced to most turbulent flow towards the part of channel center extruding, because this position that to be cross-sectional area reduce.On the contrary, in triangle shaped tip, inwardly towards channel center's extruding and the outwards part place of extruding, basis, cross-sectional area can increase.
Although by having described foregoing invention in conjunction with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, clearly, those skilled in the art can expect multiple amendment and not depart from the present invention that additional claim limits.For example, as mentioned above, corrugated ribbon can be processed ripple by other means, can obtain like this other passage profile.If the structure of air deflector does not comprise flexible obstacle, for example, upstream portion and downstream portion are little with respect to the angle of passage longitudinal direction, just can obtain having with respect to passage longitudinal direction special sawtooth/extrusion portion of less acute angle.Like this, compared with air deflector for minimum pressure drop, these flexible obstacles also diminish, little than the cross-sectional area of passage.Certainly, these flexible obstacles can supplement those air deflectors that has served as flexible obstacle.The quantity of sawtooth/air deflector depends on and the length of passage and the cross-sectional area A of passage
1.In order to optimize the ratio between pressure drop and heat, moisture and/or mass transfer, the passage of small bore needs less air deflector spacing than heavy in section passage, and more air deflector.And from the angle of manufacturing, being suitable for adopting can reusable preset distance for different application.For preferred embodiment, the passage that is 150mm for length, the quantity of air deflector can be 5-6.But the quantity of air deflector is never limited to several therewith.
Claims (27)
1. a channel system (2), this channel system (2) is for optimizing the relation between pressure drop and heat, moisture and/or the mass transfer of fluid of the described system of flowing through, and described channel system (2) comprises having at least one passage (4) of at least one conduit wall (6a) and have predetermined altitude (h
1) at least one air deflector (7, 7a, 7b), described air deflector (7, 7a, 7b) on fluid flow direction, extend transverse to described passage (4), described air deflector (7, 7a, 7b) comprise upstream portion (9), downstream portion (11) and be positioned at described upstream portion (9) and described downstream portion (11) between pars intermedia (10), described upstream portion (9) departs from described passage (4) from described conduit wall (6a) on described fluid flow direction, described downstream portion (11) returns towards described conduit wall (6a) on described fluid flow direction, described transition (17) between described pars intermedia (10) and described downstream portion (11) is according to predetermined radii (R
3) bending, it is characterized in that, the transition (18) between described downstream portion (11) and described conduit wall (6a) is according to predetermined radii (R
4) bending, wherein,
Described radius (the R of the described transition (18) between described downstream portion (11) and described conduit wall (6a)
4) be the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector (7,7a, 7b) described in 0.2*
1) to the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 2* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
2. channel system according to claim 1 (2), wherein, the described radius (R of the described transition (17) between described pars intermedia (10) and described downstream portion (11)
3) be the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector (7,7a, 7b) described in 0.1*
1) to the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 2.1* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
3. channel system according to claim 2 (2), wherein, the described radius (R of the described transition (17) between described pars intermedia (10) and described downstream portion (11)
3) be the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector (7,7a, 7b) described in 0.35*
1) to the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 2.1* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
4. channel system according to claim 3 (2), is characterized in that, the described radius (R of the described transition (17) between described pars intermedia (10) and described downstream portion (11)
3) be the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector (7,7a, 7b) described in 0.35*
1) to the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 1.1* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
5. channel system according to claim 1 (2), wherein, described pars intermedia (10) comprises planar portions (16), and this planar portions (16) is parallel to the described conduit wall (6a) of described passage (4).
6. channel system according to claim 5 (2), wherein, the length of described planar portions (16) on described fluid flow direction is the height (H) of passage described in 0 to 2*.
7. channel system according to claim 6 (2), wherein, the length of described planar portions (16) on described fluid flow direction is the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 0 to 2* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
8. channel system according to claim 7 (2), wherein, the length of described planar portions (16) on described fluid flow direction is the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 0 to 1.0* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
9. channel system according to claim 1 (2), wherein, the described radius (R of the described transition (18) between described downstream portion (11) and described conduit wall (6a)
4) be the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector (7,7a, 7b) described in 0.5*
1) to the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 1.5* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
10. channel system according to claim 1 (2), wherein, the transition (19) between described upstream portion (9) and described pars intermedia (10) is according to predetermined radii (R
2) bending.
11. channel systems according to claim 10 (2), wherein, the described radius (R of the described transition (19) between described upstream portion (9) and described pars intermedia (10)
2) be the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector (7,7a, 7b) described in 0.1*
1) to the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 2* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
12. channel systems according to claim 10 (2), wherein, the described radius (R of the described transition (19) between described upstream portion (9) and described pars intermedia (10)
2) and described pars intermedia (10) and described downstream portion (11) between the described radius (R of described transition (17)
3) equate.
13. channel systems according to claim 1 (2), wherein, the described conduit wall (6a) of described passage (4) and described air deflector (7,7a, 7b) described upstream portion (9) between transition (20) according to predetermined radii (R
1) bending.
14. channel systems according to claim 13 (2), wherein, the described radius (R of the described transition (20) between the described conduit wall of described passage (4) and described upstream portion (9)
1) be the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector (7,7a, 7b) described in 0.1*
1) to the predetermined altitude (h of air deflector described in 2* (7,7a, 7b)
1).
15. channel systems according to claim 1 (2), wherein, the plane of the described conduit wall (6a) departing from respect to described upstream portion (9), the planar portions (21) of described upstream portion (9) has the first inclination angle (α
1).
16. channel systems according to claim 15 (2), wherein, described the first inclination angle (α
1) be 10 °-60 °.
17. channel systems according to claim 16 (2), wherein, described the first inclination angle (α
1) be 30 °-50 °.
18. channel systems according to claim 1 (2), wherein, the plane of the described conduit wall (6a) returning with respect to described downstream portion (11), the planar portions (22) of described downstream portion (11) has the second inclination angle (α
2).
19. channel systems according to claim 18 (2), wherein, described the second inclination angle (α
2) be 50 °-90 °.
20. channel systems according to claim 19 (2), wherein, described the second inclination angle (α
2) be 60 ± 10 °.
21. channel systems according to claim 1 (2), wherein, described passage (4) locates to have the first cross-sectional area A at described air deflector (7,7a, 7b)
1with the second cross-sectional area A
2, wherein, the first cross-sectional area A
1with the second cross-sectional area A
2ratio, i.e. A
1/ A
2, be greater than 1.5.
22. channel systems according to claim 21 (2), wherein, described the first cross-sectional area A
1with the second cross-sectional area A
2ratio be greater than 2.5.
23. channel systems according to claim 22 (2), wherein, described the first cross-sectional area A
1with the second cross-sectional area A
2ratio be greater than 3.
24. channel systems according to claim 1 (2), wherein, on the inner side of the described conduit wall (6a) that described pars intermedia (10) still departs from described upstream portion (9).
25. channel systems according to claim 1 (2), wherein, described passage (4) comprises at least one mirror image reversal air deflector (8), this at least one mirror image reversal air deflector (8) is with respect to described air deflector (7,7a, 7b) mirror image switch.
26. according to the channel system (2) described in above-mentioned any one claim, and wherein, the cross section of described passage (4) is top in shape.
27. channel systems according to claim 26 (2), wherein, the cross section of described passage (4) is triangle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210472701.6A CN102980433B (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2008-04-18 | Channel system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210472701.6A CN102980433B (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2008-04-18 | Channel system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008801286969A Division CN102007364B (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2008-04-18 | Channel system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102980433A CN102980433A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
| CN102980433B true CN102980433B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
Family
ID=47854677
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210472701.6A Active CN102980433B (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2008-04-18 | Channel system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102980433B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8717013D0 (en) * | 1987-07-18 | 1987-08-26 | Ford Motor Co | Turbulence-producing insert |
| SU1462076A1 (en) * | 1987-01-20 | 1989-02-28 | Запорожский автомобильный завод "Коммунар" | Heat-exchanging tube |
| CN2296989Y (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 1998-11-11 | 上虞市华通汽车配件厂 | Turbulator |
| US6187274B1 (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 2001-02-13 | Sandvik Ab | Turbulence inducer in a catalytic converter channel |
-
2008
- 2008-04-18 CN CN201210472701.6A patent/CN102980433B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1462076A1 (en) * | 1987-01-20 | 1989-02-28 | Запорожский автомобильный завод "Коммунар" | Heat-exchanging tube |
| GB8717013D0 (en) * | 1987-07-18 | 1987-08-26 | Ford Motor Co | Turbulence-producing insert |
| US6187274B1 (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 2001-02-13 | Sandvik Ab | Turbulence inducer in a catalytic converter channel |
| CN2296989Y (en) * | 1997-06-06 | 1998-11-11 | 上虞市华通汽车配件厂 | Turbulator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102980433A (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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