CN102977533A - Conductive high-polymer composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Conductive high-polymer composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102977533A
CN102977533A CN2012104938553A CN201210493855A CN102977533A CN 102977533 A CN102977533 A CN 102977533A CN 2012104938553 A CN2012104938553 A CN 2012104938553A CN 201210493855 A CN201210493855 A CN 201210493855A CN 102977533 A CN102977533 A CN 102977533A
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polymer composite
polyaniline
conductive polymer
polyvinyl chloride
polymethylmethacrylate
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CN102977533B (en
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付仁春
郭忠诚
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a conductive high-polymer composite material. The method is a method for preparing a polyaniline carbon nano tube composite material based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PAMM). The conductive high-polymer composite material prepared by the method is simple in forming process, high in mechanical performance and high in electric conductivity and can serve as an electrode material in a neutral and acidic environment or serve as a corrosion-resistant conductive coating material.

Description

A kind of conductive polymer composite and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of conductive polymer composite and preparation method thereof, especially PVC and PAMM blend base polyaniline, carbon nano tube compound material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Polyaniline is a kind of conducting polymer composite that application prospect is arranged most, because it has good thermostability, and chemical stability and electrochemical reversibility, good microwave absorption performance, raw material is easy to get, and simple synthetic method also has unique characteristics such as doping phenomenon.At present the preparation of polyaniline and applied research all obtain the progress that attracts people's attention, but no matter be all to be powder body material by chemical oxidation or the polyaniline of electrochemical production, be difficult in actual applications form processing.Around polyaniline shaping applied research, people have carried out a lot of effort.Polyaniline film material, polyaniline modified electrode material, Polyaniline-modified sensor, electromagnetic screen coating, metal device protective system have successively appearred, these researchs concentrate on from the physical properties of powder body material powder not to be considered the polyaniline material is made the large volume electro-conductive material, and only considers that it is as the application of modification and mould material.Aspect consideration large volume polyaniline shaping treatment process, the methods such as the blend of water-soluble poly aniline, polyaniline and macromolecular material commonly used, altogether molten, congruent melting, copolymerization have appearred, the target of these methods be prepare can practical application polyaniline large volume material; In addition, some investigators have also studied the static pressure shaped material and have been applied to anhydrous system.In addition, also to put forward to develop the water colloidal dispersion system be to solve the important method that is difficult to the forming process shortcoming for Vincent and Armes etc.People have developed polyaniline-coated inorganic nanoparticles (SiO for example 2, TiO 2, WC etc.) etc. material, the materials such as polyaniline-coated organic nanometer granule (such as PS, PMMA etc.).These have the material of polyaniline-coated can solve to a certain extent the processibility of polyaniline.For conducting polymer composite, also having a shortcoming is exactly that electric conductivity still can not match in excellence or beauty with metallographic phase.
The shortcoming that is difficult to be shaped processing this self for polyaniline, the invention provides a kind of method that can prepare large volume and large-area polyaniline composite material, the method not only can solve the Problems in forming of polyaniline, can also make the matrix material that obtains have higher electric conductivity, and the composite conducting material of preparation is owing to have the skeleton structure of organic macromolecule, matrix material can effectively overcome the distortion that volume growth causes because polyaniline absorbs water, so this matrix material can be applied to the system of water.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of conductive polymer composite, this is the preparation method of a kind of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polymethylmethacrylate (PAMM) blend base polyaniline, carbon nano tube compound material, adopts the conductive polymer composite of method preparation of the present invention to have the characteristics such as physical properties is stable, electric conductivity is high, the processing that is easy to be shaped.
Technical process of the present invention and process control condition are as follows:
1. carbon nanotube and polyaniline ultra-sonic dispersion are formed stable dispersion system in organic solvent, ultrasonic time is: 30~45min, dispersion system to be sealed in the ultra-sonic dispersion process, in case organic solvent volatilization, the dispersion system that ultra-sonic dispersion is good remains under the agitation condition for subsequent use, wherein the consumption of carbon nanotube accounts for 1~30% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the addition of polyaniline accounts for 20~65% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the organic solvent addition be can dispersing Nano carbon tubes in full force and effect and polyaniline get final product;
2. polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride are dissolved in and make mixing solutions in the organic solvent, wherein the consumption of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Compound is to account for 30%~70% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, and the mass ratio of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride is 1:4~4:1; Choosing of organic solvent is identical with step kind 1., and the organic solvent addition is for dissolving polymethylmethacrylate fully and polyvinyl chloride gets final product;
3. 1. step is mixed under whipped state with the solution that 2. step prepares, and under agitation condition, be heated to 45 ℃~60 ℃ the volatilization organic solvents, obtain the higher viscous state mixture of viscosity, the viscous state mixture is carried out repeatedly casting forming of room temperature in the shaping mould, the thickness of every layer of casting is less than 0.5cm, after casting is finished sample is heated to 100 ℃~150 ℃ thermal treatments 2~3 hours, namely obtains conductive polymer composite.
1. described in the present invention, 2. the processing step of part can also be: first with polyaniline and carbon nanotube dispersed in the organic solution of having dissolved polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) (selection of organic solvent and step 1. and identical 2.), mixing solutions obtains stable dispersion system through ultra-sonic dispersion, again with dispersion system with dissolve good polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) organic solution (selection of organic solvent and step 1. and identical 2.) blend, stirring heating, moulding, after the heat treated, namely obtain conductive polymer composite, the amount of the raw material of preparation matrix material is 1. identical with the amount of choosing 2. with step in this process.
Organic solvent described in the present invention is a kind of in tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform, the N-Methyl pyrrolidone.
Carbon nanotube described in the present invention is that the vitriol oil and the concentrated nitric acid mixing acid that commercial carbon nanotube process volume ratio is 3:1 made 50 ℃~60 ℃ activation treatment in 3~5 hours.
Another purpose of the present invention provides a kind of conductive polymer composite.
The present invention is with respect to advantage and the technique effect of prior art:
(1) PVC of the present invention preparation and PAMM blend base polyaniline, carbon nano tube compound material forming technology are simple, by situ aggregation method with polyaniline-coated in carbon nano tube surface, good mechanical property, the electric conductivity of the matrix material by present method preparation are high, the advantages such as catalytic activity that also possessed polyaniline can be used as the electrode materials of neutral and acid environment or as anticorrosion, conductive coating materials'use;
(2) the inventive method not only can solve the Problems in forming of polyaniline, can also make the matrix material that obtains have higher electric conductivity, can access large volume and large-area polyaniline composite material by present method, and the composite conducting material of preparation has the skeleton structure of organic macromolecule, matrix material can effectively overcome the distortion that volume growth causes because polyaniline absorbs water, so this matrix material can be applied to the system of water.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail, but protection domain of the present invention is not limited to described content.
Embodiment 1: thisThe preparation method of conductive polymer composite, particular content is as follows:
1. 0.3g carbon nanotube and 1.2g polyaniline ultra-sonic dispersion are formed stable dispersion system in the 20ml tetrahydrofuran (THF), ultrasonic frequency is 40KHZ, ultrasonic time 40min, the ultra-sonic dispersion process is carried out under air-proof condition, the dispersion system that ultra-sonic dispersion is good is for subsequent use under agitation condition, wherein the addition of carbon nanotube is 10% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the addition of polyaniline is 40% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the organic solvent addition be can complete dissolved carbon nanotube and polyaniline get final product;
2. 1.0g polymethylmethacrylate and 0.5g polyvinyl chloride are dissolved in the 50ml tetrahydrofuran (THF), magnetic agitation makes mixing solutions, wherein the consumption of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Compound is 50% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the mass ratio of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride is 2:1, and the organic solvent addition is for dissolving polymethylmethacrylate fully and polyvinyl chloride gets final product;
3. 1. step is mixed under whipped state with the solution that 2. step prepares, and under agitation condition, be heated to 50 ℃ the volatilization organic solvents, obtain the higher viscous state mixture of viscosity, with the viscous state mixture at room temperature, casting forming in diameter is the bulge of 4cm, the thickness of every layer of casting is less than 0.5cm, after casting is finished sample is heated to 130 ℃ of thermal treatments 2 hours, namely obtain conductive polymer composite, gained sample electric conductivity 12S/cm, thickness: 1.5mm.
Embodiment 2: thisThe preparation method of conductive polymer composite, particular content is as follows:
1. 0.96g carbon nanotube (the process volume ratio is that the vitriol oil and the concentrated nitric acid mixing acid of 3:1 made 60 ℃ of activation treatment in 3 hours) and 0.64g polyaniline ultra-sonic dispersion are formed stable dispersion system in the 20ml chloroform, ultrasonic frequency is 40KHZ, ultrasonic time 30min, the ultra-sonic dispersion process is carried out under air-proof condition, the dispersion system that ultra-sonic dispersion is good is for subsequent use under agitation condition, wherein the addition of carbon nanotube is 30% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the addition of polyaniline is 20% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the organic solvent addition be can complete dissolved carbon nanotube and polyaniline get final product;
2. 1.2g polymethylmethacrylate and 0.4g polyvinyl chloride are dissolved in the 50ml chloroform, magnetic agitation makes mixing solutions, wherein the consumption of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Compound is 50% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the mass ratio of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride is 3:1, and the organic solvent addition is for dissolving polymethylmethacrylate fully and polyvinyl chloride gets final product;
3. 1. step is mixed under whipped state with the solution that 2. step prepares, and under agitation condition, be heated to 45 ℃ the volatilization organic solvents, obtain the higher viscous state mixture of viscosity, with the viscous state mixture at room temperature, casting forming in diameter is the bulge of 4cm, the thickness of every layer of casting is less than 0.5cm, after casting is finished sample is heated to 100 ℃ of thermal treatments 3 hours, namely obtain conductive polymer composite, gained sample electric conductivity 19S/cm, thickness: 1.7mm.
 
Embodiment 3: thisThe preparation method of conductive polymer composite, particular content is as follows:
1. 0.04g carbon nanotube (the process volume ratio is that the vitriol oil and the concentrated nitric acid mixing acid of 3:1 made 55 ℃ of activation treatment in 4 hours) and 2.6g polyaniline ultra-sonic dispersion are formed stable dispersion system in the 20ml N-Methyl pyrrolidone, ultrasonic frequency is 40KHZ, ultrasonic time 45min, the ultra-sonic dispersion process is carried out under air-proof condition, the dispersion system that ultra-sonic dispersion is good is for subsequent use under agitation condition, wherein the addition of carbon nanotube is 1% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the addition of polyaniline is 65% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the organic solvent addition be can complete dissolved carbon nanotube and polyaniline get final product;
2. 0.272g polymethylmethacrylate and 1.088g polyvinyl chloride are dissolved in the 50ml N-Methyl pyrrolidone, magnetic agitation makes mixing solutions, wherein the consumption of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Compound is 34% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the mass ratio of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride is 1:4, and the organic solvent addition is for dissolving polymethylmethacrylate fully and polyvinyl chloride gets final product;
3. 1. step is mixed under whipped state with the solution that 2. step prepares, and under agitation condition, be heated to 60 ℃ the volatilization organic solvents, obtain the higher viscous state mixture of viscosity, with the viscous state mixture at room temperature, casting forming in diameter is the bulge of 4cm, the thickness of every layer of casting is less than 0.5cm, after casting is finished sample is heated to 150 ℃ of thermal treatments 2.5 hours, namely obtain conductive polymer composite, the gained sample is electric conductivity 7S/cm, thickness: 3mm.
 
Embodiment 4:The preparation method of this conductive polymer composite, particular content is as follows:
1. polyaniline and carbon nanotube (the process volume ratio is that the vitriol oil and the concentrated nitric acid mixing acid of 3:1 made 55 ℃ of activation treatment in 4 hours) are dispersed in first (addition of tetrahydrofuran (THF) gets final product for dissolving polymethylmethacrylate fully) in the tetrahydrofuran solution that has dissolved polymethylmethacrylate, mixing solutions disperses to obtain dispersion system behind the 35min through ultrasonic sealing, again with dispersion system with dissolve good polyvinyl chloride tetrahydrofuran solution and under whipped state, mix (addition of tetrahydrofuran (THF) gets final product for dissolving polyvinyl chloride fully), wherein the addition of carbon nanotube is 10% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the addition of polyaniline is 30% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the consumption of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Compound is 60% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, and the mass ratio of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride is 4:1;
2. the mixing solutions that 1. makes of step is heated to 55 ℃ of volatilization organic solvents under agitation condition, obtain the higher viscous state mixture of viscosity, with viscous state mixture casting forming at room temperature, the thickness of every layer of casting is less than 0.5cm, after casting is finished sample is heated to 140 ℃ of thermal treatments 2 hours, namely obtain conductive polymer composite, gained sample electric conductivity 10S/cm, thickness: 2mm.

Claims (5)

1. the preparation method of a conductive polymer composite is characterized in that carrying out as follows:
1. carbon nanotube and polyaniline ultra-sonic dispersion are formed stable dispersion system in organic solvent, ultrasonic time 30~45min, the ultra-sonic dispersion process is carried out under air-proof condition, the dispersion system that ultra-sonic dispersion is good is for subsequent use under agitation condition, wherein the addition of carbon nanotube is 1~30% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the addition of polyaniline is 20~65% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, and the organic solvent addition be that energy dispersing Nano carbon tubes in full force and effect and polyaniline get final product;
2. polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride are dissolved in the organic solvent, stirring makes mixing solutions, wherein the consumption of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Compound is 30%~70% of the matrix material quality that finally makes, the mass ratio of polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinyl chloride is 1:4~4:1, and the organic solvent addition is for dissolving polymethylmethacrylate fully and polyvinyl chloride gets final product;
3. 1. step is mixed under whipped state with the solution that 2. step prepares, and under agitation condition, be heated to 45~60 ℃ the volatilization organic solvents, obtain the higher viscous state mixture of viscosity, with viscous state mixture casting forming at room temperature, the thickness of every layer of casting is less than 0.5cm, after casting is finished sample is heated to 100 ℃~150 ℃ thermal treatments 2~3 hours, namely obtains conductive polymer composite.
2. the preparation method of conductive polymer composite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: during preparation, polyaniline and carbon nanotube are dispersed in first in the organic solution of having dissolved polymethylmethacrylate or polyvinyl chloride, mixing solutions obtains dispersion system through ultra-sonic dispersion, again with dispersion system with dissolve good polyvinyl chloride or polymethylmethacrylate organic solution and mix, stirring heating, moulding after the heat treated, namely obtain conductive polymer composite.
3. the preparation method of conductive polymer composite according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: organic solvent is a kind of in tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform, the N-Methyl pyrrolidone.
4. the preparation method of conductive polymer composite according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: carbon nanotube is carbon nanotube through volume ratio is that the vitriol oil and the concentrated nitric acid mixing acid of 3:1 made 50 ℃~60 ℃ activation treatment in 3~5 hours.
5. the conductive polymer composite that makes of the preparation method of claim 1 or 2 described conductive polymer composites.
CN201210493855.3A 2012-11-28 2012-11-28 Conductive high-polymer composite material and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102977533B (en)

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CN115364704A (en) * 2022-10-25 2022-11-22 天津工业大学 Polyacrylonitrile-carbon nano tube electroactive film with selective oxidation function and application

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103232781A (en) * 2013-05-03 2013-08-07 昆明理工大学 Preparation method of carbon-nanotube-reinforced polyaniline metal anticorrosive paint
CN104452298A (en) * 2014-12-09 2015-03-25 丹东优耐特纺织品有限公司 Anti-electromagnetic radiation fabric coating adhesive and preparation method thereof
CN104667425A (en) * 2015-02-28 2015-06-03 山东省千佛山医院 Conductive gel tablet for defibrillator
CN104667425B (en) * 2015-02-28 2016-02-24 山东省千佛山医院 A kind of defibrillator conduction electrocoagulation film
CN105200848A (en) * 2015-08-09 2015-12-30 浙江理工大学 Nanometer composite conductive paint and preparation method thereof
CN106810807A (en) * 2017-02-13 2017-06-09 天津科技大学 Polyaniline/composite material of polymethyl methacrylate and preparation method thereof
CN115364704A (en) * 2022-10-25 2022-11-22 天津工业大学 Polyacrylonitrile-carbon nano tube electroactive film with selective oxidation function and application
CN115364704B (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-01-03 天津工业大学 Polyacrylonitrile-carbon nano tube electroactive film with selective oxidation function and application

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