CN102976884B - Preparation method of alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil - Google Patents
Preparation method of alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102976884B CN102976884B CN201210524855.5A CN201210524855A CN102976884B CN 102976884 B CN102976884 B CN 102976884B CN 201210524855 A CN201210524855 A CN 201210524855A CN 102976884 B CN102976884 B CN 102976884B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction on biphenyl and 1-octylene by adopting methanesulfonic acid as a catalyst; and sequentially and respectively carrying out alkaline cleaning, water scrubbing, reduced pressure distillation and suction filtration on alkylation product, so as to obtain the alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil. The alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil synthesized by the method is lower in viscosity, lower in pour point, higher in oxidization safety, higher in heat stability and hydrolytic stability, and excellent in solubleness and dispersing capacity. The preparation method is simple and convenient to operate and high in yield; and the used catalyst methanesulfonic acid is easy to separate, can be degraded, and overcomes the shortcoming that conventional alkylation catalysts (such as aluminium trichloride and boron trifluoride diethyl etherate) is hardly separated and brings pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil.
Background technology
Along with industrialized development, the requirement of a lot of machinery to lubricant is more and more harsher, under the condition of some continuous high temperatures, low temperature, based on mineral oil, the lubricant of oil can not meet the demands, and just progressively increases using chemical feedstocks synthetic product as the application of lubricant.The characteristic of synthetic oil is better than mineral oil, obtains using more widely at special lubricating area.The present situation that world's oil supply is in short supply simultaneously also impels the synthetic oil technology of lubricating area and additive synthetic technology to develop rapidly.In various synthetic oil, alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons, due to the molecular structure of its uniqueness and interatomic bonding strength, has other performances not available for synthesis class oil, as oxidation stability is high, and good thermostability and stability to hydrolysis, excellent solvability and dispersive ability etc.Chain alkyl biphenyl generally refers to the alkyl biphenyl of atomic number of alkyl carbon more than 8, and prepared by the alkylated reaction mainly through biphenyl, wherein alkene, alcohol and halohydrocarbon etc. all can be used as the alkylating reagent of biphenyl.Conventional alkylation catalyzer mainly comprises the mineral acid such as hydrofluoric acid, the vitriol oil and some Lewis acid, as A1C1
3all exist not easily reclaim Deng, these catalyzer, corrodibility is strong, strong toxicity and the shortcoming such as seriously polluted.
The present invention for catalyzer with easily separated recovery, degradable methylsulfonic acid, by the alkylated reaction of biphenyl, 1-octene, synthesizes and has comparatively low viscosity, comparatively low pour point, the alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil of better oxidation stability and thermostability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, a kind of preparation method of alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil is provided, the method take methylsulfonic acid as catalyzer, by biphenyl and 1-octene generation Friedel-Crafts alkylation, again respectively alkali cleaning is carried out to alkylate, washing, underpressure distillation and suction filtration, finally obtain alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil.The alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil synthesized by the method for the invention has comparatively low viscosity, comparatively low pour point, higher oxygen stability, better thermostability and stability to hydrolysis, excellent solvability and dispersive ability, the method is easy and simple to handle, and yield is high, used catalyst methylsulfonic acid is easily separated, degradable, overcomes conventional alkylation catalyzer (as aluminum chloride, boron trifluoride diethyl etherate etc.) and is separated shortcoming that is difficult, contaminate environment.
The preparation method of a kind of alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil of the present invention, carries out according to the following steps:
A, biphenyl and catalyst methanesulfonic acid, stopper 2.6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds are mixed, oil bath is heated to biphenyl fusing, slowly drips 1-octene, rapid stirring, temperature of reaction 80 DEG C, reaction times 5-8h;
B, reaction terminate rear leaving standstill, and after obvious layering, removing is containing the bottom of catalyzer, carries out sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide alkali cleaning, then wash with water, till washing lotion is neutrality upper organic phase;
C, the washing lotion of step b is carried out underpressure distillation, remove unreacted biphenyl and 1-octene, obtain crude product;
D, again crude product is carried out suction filtration removing slag, alkyl biphenyl type base oil can be obtained.
In step a, the mol ratio of biphenyl, 1-octene, methylsulfonic acid and 2.6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds is 1.1-1.5:1:0.5-1:0.001-0.005.
Method of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, yield is high, used catalyst methylsulfonic acid is easily separated, degradable, and overcome the shortcoming of conventional alkylation catalyst separating difficulty, contaminate environment, the alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil adopting the method for the invention to prepare has comparatively low viscosity, comparatively low pour point, higher oxygen stability, better thermostability and stability to hydrolysis, excellent solvability and dispersive ability, voltage breakdown is higher, can be used as refrigerator oil and uses.If the color of the base oil obtained by method of the present invention is comparatively dark, then decolours with atlapulgite, alkyl biphenyl type lubricant base can be obtained.
Embodiment
Example below further illustrates of the present invention, instead of limit the invention.
Embodiment 1
Biphenyl 18.5g is added in the there-necked flask being furnished with agitator, prolong, dropping funnel, methylsulfonic acid 6.5mL and 2.6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds 0.1g, stir, oil bath is heated to temperature 80 DEG C, from dropping funnel, add 1-octene 15.6mL, when biphenyl melts, start slow dropping, 5-7s/d, rapid stirring, continues reaction 5h after octene drips;
After reaction terminates, there-necked flask reaction product is transferred to separating funnel and leaves standstill, after obvious layering, removing is containing the bottom of catalyzer, carries out sodium hydroxide alkali cleaning, then washes, to upper organic phase till washing lotion is neutrality;
Underpressure distillation is carried out to the upper organic phase through alkali cleaning, washing, removes unreacted biphenyl and 1-octene, obtain crude product;
Crude product is carried out suction filtration removing slag again and can obtain yellow of light color, transparent, without the need to the alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil of decolouring, quality is 20.57g, and yield is 69.3%, and iodine number is 3.6.
Embodiment 2
Biphenyl 23.1g is added in the there-necked flask being furnished with agitator, prolong, dropping funnel, methylsulfonic acid 6.5mL and 2.6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds 0.1g, stir, oil bath is heated to temperature 80 DEG C, from dropping funnel, add 1-octene 15.6mL, when biphenyl melts, start slow dropping, 5-7s/d, rapid stirring, continues reaction 6h after octene drips;
After reaction terminates, there-necked flask reaction product is transferred to separating funnel and leaves standstill, after obvious layering, removing is containing the bottom of catalyzer, carries out potassium hydroxide alkali cleaning, then washes, to upper organic phase till washing lotion is neutrality;
Underpressure distillation is carried out to the upper organic phase through alkali cleaning, washing, removes unreacted biphenyl and 1-octene, obtain crude product;
By crude product suction filtration removing slag, can obtain yellow of light color, transparent, without the need to the alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil of decolouring, quality is 19.97g, and yield is 58.2%, and iodine number is 8.2.
Embodiment 3
Biphenyl 18.5g is added in the there-necked flask being furnished with agitator, prolong, dropping funnel, methylsulfonic acid 3.3mL and 2.6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds 0.1g, stir, oil bath is heated to temperature 80 DEG C, from dropping funnel, add 1-octene 15.6mL, when biphenyl melts, start slow dropping, 5-7s/d, rapid stirring, continues reaction 7h after octene drips;
After reaction terminates, there-necked flask reaction product is transferred to separating funnel and leaves standstill, after obvious layering, removing is containing the bottom of catalyzer, carries out sodium hydroxide alkali cleaning, then washes, to upper organic phase till washing lotion is neutrality;
Underpressure distillation is carried out to the upper organic phase through alkali cleaning, washing, removes unreacted biphenyl and 1-octene, obtain crude product;
By crude product suction filtration removing slag, can obtain yellow of light color, transparent, without the need to the alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil of decolouring, quality is 13.23g, and yield is 44.5%, and iodine number is 12.0.
Embodiment 4
Biphenyl 110.88g is added in the there-necked flask being furnished with agitator, prolong, dropping funnel, methylsulfonic acid 39mL and 2.6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds 0.62g, stir, oil bath is heated to temperature 80 DEG C, from dropping funnel, add 1-octene 93.6mL, when biphenyl melts, start slow dropping, 2-3s/d, rapid stirring, continues reaction 8h after octene drips;
After reaction terminates, there-necked flask reaction product is transferred to separating funnel and leaves standstill, after obvious layering, removing is containing the bottom of catalyzer, carries out potassium hydroxide alkali cleaning, then washes, to upper organic phase till washing lotion is neutrality;
Underpressure distillation is carried out to the upper organic phase through alkali cleaning, washing, removes unreacted biphenyl and 1-octene, obtain crude product;
By crude product suction filtration removing slag again, obtain yellow of light color, transparent, without the need to the alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil of decolouring, quality is 128.16g, and yield is 72.0%, and iodine number is 2.5.
Embodiment 5
The alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil obtained by embodiment 4 is after testing: temperature 40 DEG C of kinematic viscosity are 16.075 mm
2s
-1, temperature 100 DEG C of kinematic viscosity are 2.889 mm
2s
-1, viscosity index is 26.9, pour point-44 DEG C, flash-point 182 DEG C, burning-point 202 DEG C, and the oxidation stability test duration is 246min, and voltage breakdown is 44.5kV, can be used as refrigerator oil and uses.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method for alkyl biphenyl type lubricating base oil, is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
A, biphenyl and catalyst methanesulfonic acid, stopper 2.6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds to be mixed, oil bath is heated to biphenyl fusing, slow dropping 1-octene, rapid stirring, temperature of reaction 80 DEG C, reaction times 5-8h, wherein the mol ratio of biphenyl, 1-octene, methylsulfonic acid and 2.6-DI-tert-butylphenol compounds is 1.1-1.5:1:0.5-1:0.001-0.005;
B, reaction terminate rear leaving standstill, and after obvious layering, removing is containing the bottom of catalyzer, carries out sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide alkali cleaning, then wash with water, till washing lotion is neutrality upper organic phase;
C, the washing lotion of step b is carried out underpressure distillation, remove unreacted biphenyl and 1-octene, obtain crude product;
D, again crude product is carried out suction filtration removing slag, alkyl biphenyl type base oil can be obtained.
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| CN102976884B true CN102976884B (en) | 2015-04-01 |
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| CN101205161A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing long chain alkyl naphthalene |
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| CN101205161A (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing long chain alkyl naphthalene |
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| Title |
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| 长链烷基萘基础油的合成及润滑性能研究;柳影等;《润滑与密封》;20111231;第36卷(第12期);第23-25、49页 * |
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