CN102971802B - Particle beam generates equipment - Google Patents
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- CN102971802B CN102971802B CN201180031142.9A CN201180031142A CN102971802B CN 102971802 B CN102971802 B CN 102971802B CN 201180031142 A CN201180031142 A CN 201180031142A CN 102971802 B CN102971802 B CN 102971802B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to particle beam and generate equipment (1), including for generating the accelerator unit (3,8,10) of two particle beam (12,13) and being used for the transmitter unit (20) exporting these two particle beam (12,13) to workpiece (15).Article two, particle beam (12,13) is dissimilar.The invention still further relates to for controlling the method that particle beam generates equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to particle beam and generate equipment, it includes at least one accelerator unit for generating particle beam, with
And for exporting the described at least one particle beam at least transmitter unit of to workpiece.The invention still further relates to for controlling grain
The method of sub-beam device.
Background technology
In technology today, various different materials are in a specific way by the some form of radiation for processing described material
Irradiation.Such as, by some special materials of irradiation, described properties of materials can change in the way you want.As example, logical
Cross the workpiece that irradiation is made by suitable material, can revise or construct the surface of described workpiece.
Depend on material to be disposed and workpiece, it is possible to use the radiation of number of different types.It is, for example possible to use from
The radiation of electromagnetic spectrum.Wavelength can be different in wide scope, and can be from wireless electromagnetic spectrum, infrared light as example
Spectrum, visible spectrum, ultraviolet spectra are until the highest selection of X-ray spectrum.Another of irradiation workpiece may form be with particle
The form of bundle, particularly with the form of accelerated particle beam.Particle itself can also select from kind widely.As example, can
To use such as electronics or the lepton of positron.Hadron particle can also be used, such as proton, light ion (such as, proton, ionization helium
Atom) and heavy ion (such as, carbon ion, oxonium ion and ne ion).Other possible hadron particle is meson, neutrino
Deng.The possible energy of such particle can from the most several kiloelectron-volts until close to the light velocity speed at millions of electron volts
The energy variation of scope or even billion electron-volts scope.
But, the possible application for exposed material is to apply, and workpiece to be disposed must spoke in an uniform way
According to, such as when material must be revised by irradiation, there is other and apply, wherein irradiation must apply with specific pattern.Wherein
Needing a technical field of this patterning irradiation is production or the nanometer mechanics of microprocessor.Here, must locate by irradiation
The specific part on the surface of the workpiece put, does not the most answer irradiation other parts simultaneously.This is by using patterning shade
(patterned mask) is carried out, by this patterning shade of homogeneous radiation source irradiation.Apply the another of this structured radiation
One may mode be to use lip pencil bundle, and moves the surface of the speckle leap workpiece of described bundle with special pattern.
Now, not only perform the two dimension disposal of workpiece, and perform the three-dimensional irradiation of workpiece.In this way, in some instances it may even be possible to
Particular radiation agent is deposited on the inside of workpiece and described workpiece need not be opened.Therefore, the disposal of the three-dimensional cross-sectional in workpiece is
Possible.
When disposing travelling workpiece or have the workpiece of movable part, other complexity occurs.Here, work as irradiation
During described workpiece, it is necessary to perform the applying of irradiation in the way of considering bulk motion.This is frequently referred to as the four-dimensional of radiation and applies (its
The middle time is considered fourth dimension degree).The movement of workpiece is not only able to be occurred relative to external reference framework, and can pass through institute
The each several part stating workpiece occurs relative to the relative movement of the other parts of described workpiece.Therefore, it is necessary to consider the rotation of material
Deformation, longitudinal deformation and quenching.
Certainly, not only inorganic material can be disposed by applying radiation (particularly particle beam).It is also possible to dispose organic
The biological tissue of material and even animals and humans.A kind of possible application that three-dimensional or four-dimensional radiation applies is the place of cancer
Put.Here, the specific region of human body (the particularly tissue of infected tumor's cell) must be disposed with specific irradiation dose so that should
Cell in volume is destroyed or is at least destroyed.Certainly, if possible, it should by applying being good for around the least anti-radiation protection
Health tissue.
Especially, for the disposal of tumor, it has proved that particle beam, particularly hadron particle beam (even more preferably still weighs
Ion particle beam) it is highly useful.This is because particle beam shows the most so-called bragg peak (Bragg-peak).The most just
Being to say, the energy of the particle moving through tissue is not uniform deposition on the path of particle.Alternatively, block at each particle
Before, the major part of particle energy path very after part in transmit.
When disposing three dimensional structure (particularly there are the mankind of personal feature), it will be apparent that problem is that must first determine must
The region of radiation need be deposited.This should be by need not the side opening workpiece (particularly having the patient of tumor) to be disposed
Method (so-called noninvasive method) completes, because the advantage that otherwise will lose the radiation of three-dimensional structure.
In order to perform this task, generally use 3 Dimension Image Technique (or even considering the thinking imaging technique of motion).
The example of this technology is ultrasonic imaging technique or computed tomography.But, these methods also show that shortcoming.
In the case of computed tomography, major defect is to apply extra radiation dose to human body.Particularly, when taking
When obtaining four-dimensional image and/or need continuous imaging during disposal itself, this additional radiation dosage is probably substantial amounts of.Cause
, there is the trend reducing extra radiation level as far as possible in this.
The shortcoming that can apply extra dose by using ultrasonic imaging technique to avoid.But, picture quality is the most complete
Bad.Another major defect of ultrasonic imaging technique is that they can not use completely during utilizing hadron particle to dispose.
A kind of possible outlet be use above-mentioned imaging technique (or even other method) and by it is thus determined that motion link
To so-called motion substitute.This can by the three-dimensional picture that will be obtained by computed tomography or ultrasonic imaging technique with
Substitution signal (picture such as standard camera or the signal from the linear measure longimetry band being attached to patient's chest etc.) is associated
Realize.The substitute of even now works relatively good in practice, but obtainable ultimate resolution is limited.
The further drawback the most do not mentioned be density such as the tissue seen by particle (and therefore particle penetrate length
Degree) may be with the density of the tissue such as seen by lepton particle, phonon (ultrasonic imaging technique) or photon (x-ray imaging technique)
The most different.Experiment has shown that this occasionally results in substantial fault.
Thus it still remains a need it is a kind of about the distinguishing characteristics how determined in workpiece or main body and/or in workpiece or main body
Disposal during the method for movement of zones of different of described workpiece or main body (the particularly health of patient).
Summary of the invention
Therefore, it is an object of the invention to instruct a kind of particle beam to generate equipment, it is better than existing particle beam and generates equipment.This
A kind of method for controlling particle beam generation equipment is instructed in another object is that of invention, and it is better than for controlling beam apparatus
Existing method.
The present invention solves these purposes.
A kind of particle beam of suggestion design generates equipment, including at least one accelerator for generating at least one particle beam
Unit and in the way of discharging different types of at least two particle beam by least in part and/or at least time, is used for exporting
Described at least one particle beam is at least one transmitter unit on workpiece.As accelerator unit, however, it would be possible to use institute
There is the particle accelerator of existing design.Especially, it is possible to use linear accelerator (linear accelerator), cyclotron, synchronization
Accelerator etc..Particle beam need not persistently be launched.Such as, synchrotron is used, on the contrary it will not be possible to generate bundle continuously.Therefore, for
The present invention also comprises intermittent beam etc..Additionally, two their output characteristics of particle beam (or even more multiparticle bundle) are likely to
Different.Such as, the first particle beam can be continuous print, and the second particle beam can be discontinuous transmission (vice versa).Even if
Disconnected launching two or more pieces particle beam, output characteristics can also different (such as, transmission interval be relative to the length of non-transmission period
Fragment can change).By term " different types of particle beam ", mean to be formed the particle of each bar particle beam especially
Type and/or characteristic.Such as, the first particle beam can comprise electronics, and the second particle beam can comprise hadron particle.Additionally,
It is also possible to two or more pieces particle beam and comprises hadron particle, and the quality of two particle fraction, electric charge, energy etc. can be different.
Additionally, the mixing of nuclear particles (particularly ion) and/or meson and/or pi-meson is also possible.
Additionally, two (or the most a plurality of) particle beam can (at least in part and/or at least time) from equidirectional
And/or strike from different directions on workpiece.By concept " workpiece ", not only comprise inorganic substances.Alternatively, it is also possible to dispose
Organic material including organic biological tissue.Even, the disposal of living animal and/or people can even is that particle beam generates equipment
Advantageous applications.Especially, different types of at least two particle beam can be discharged by least one transmitter unit.
Particle beam generates the investigation that equipment such as can apply to the motion parts of motor, wherein performs investigation to detect electricity
Friction in machine changes (lossless investigation).
Alternately or additionally, equipment may be generated, including for generating at least one particle beam by a kind of particle beam of design
At least one accelerator unit, for export described at least one particle beam at least one transmitter unit to workpiece and
For detecting at least one detector device of described at least one particle beam, described workpiece is transported the most over time
Move, and at least one detector device wherein said is preferably arranged on the downwind side of described workpiece, in this way, at least portion
Point ground and/or at least time use the information obtained by least one detector device described, for determining described workpiece extremely
Least a portion of current location.In the most basic aspect, this can be considered as being very similar to above-mentioned particle beam and generate equipment
Equipment.But, simply use " supervision particle beam " (" the second particle beam "), and " process particle beam " (" the first particle beam ") need not
Exist.In contrast to the prior art, similar in prior art method and/or equipment are only used for (if if it occur that) checking workpiece
Ad-hoc location (such as, it is known as " proton radiation photograph "), equipment be currently used for monitor (measurement) Moving Workpieces and/or
The motion of the motion parts of (may move) workpiece.Certainly, this must relatively quick equipment, this according to prior art should be
Technical and/or the most infeasible.But, use the equipment of suggestion, it may be possible to provide relatively easy, the most exactly accurate method
For determining the motion of workpiece (interior part).Especially, the ion of particle beam can be selected by this way so that be used for
The particle measured is using " seeing " workpiece in the way of identical with the disposal particle beam (as example) that may apply after a while.Although it is first
First, carry out this required equipment and seem the most accurate and expensive, it should be noted that generally may largely use
Assembly through existing.Therefore, overall extra effort is the lowest.Especially, the measurement obtained can serve as certain " motion
Substitute ".Preferably, designing at least one detector (the particular at least detector in a workpiece downstream) used is energy inspection
Measurement equipment.Using such equipment, be likely to be obtained the particle of the particle beam energy loss in workpiece, this is typically reality fortune
The good instruction of dynamic/location status.
Preferably, particle beam can be designed by this way and generate equipment so that particle beam described at least one, preferably
At least two the described particle beam in ground, the most a plurality of described particle beam, the most all described particle beam comprise hadron grain
Son and/or charged particle, it is therefore preferable to nuclear particles and/or positively charged particle.The particle of the above-mentioned type be preferably as which
A little particles generally show particularly apparent bragg peak.Therefore, it can very sharp-pointed applying and accurate restriction workpiece to be applied to
The 3-dimensional dose of internal volume part.The most such behavior is particularly preferred for processing particle beam.But, if
Monitoring that particle beam uses the particle of some similar type, the density of the material to be penetrated as seen by each particle can be very
Close.Therefore, the behavior of different particle beam is similar, although accurately behavior can be different.
Preferably, the particle being included at least two described particle beam include different quality and/or different electric charge and/or
Different-energy.In this way, the main behavior of each bar particle beam can be similar, and accurately behavior is different.With this side
Formula, a such as possible particle beam has the maximum of its bragg peak in workpiece, and " blocking " is in workpiece, and second
Particle beam (although illustrating main similar behavior) still is able to penetrate and leave workpiece to workpiece downstream.In this way, it is possible to
The second particle beam is measured after by workpiece.Especially, carbon ion, oxonium ion and/or ne ion may be used for first
Particle beam, and for the second particle beam, it is possible to use proton and/or helium ion.
It is highly preferred that particle beam can be designed by this way generate equipment so that at least the first of described particle beam
Bar is the process particle beam for processing intent, and at least Article 2 of described particle beam is supervision particle for monitoring purposes
Bundle.In this way, process particle beam can be basically used for depositing given dose in workpiece (or its part).Even with use
Scanning technique (particularly raster scan art) completes the three-D pattern of complexity.Monitor that particle beam is mainly useful supervision and processes
Process.Especially, monitor that particle beam may be used for obtaining accurate about specific part in workpiece (such as, the tumor in patient)
The information of position and/or for monitoring the motion of the part of workpiece or workpiece.This information may be used for revising processing procedure itself,
Therefore the better quality of disposal is typically resulted in.
It is highly preferred that described particle beam generates equipment can include at least one detector device, for detection at least
Particle beam described in bar.Preferably, described particle beam generation equipment can include a detector device, for detection at least one
Described supervision particle beam.It is highly preferred that at least one detector device described is arranged in downstream.Using can be by such detection
The information that device equipment obtains, can strengthen the control of at least one particle beam.Additionally and/or alternatively, possible raising equipment
Precision (particularly certainty of measurement).To this, it is possible to use common feedback algorithm.If monitoring that particle beam is used for obtaining letter
Breath, then generally may obtain about the information of the physical location of ad hoc structure in workpiece.If the part of workpiece or workpiece is just
Moving, this is the most reliable.Preferably, detector is arranged in the downstream of workpiece.In this way, at each bar particle beam (particularly
Monitor particle beam) penetrated workpiece after measure.But, the detector at the weather side of workpiece may certify that also right and wrong
The most helpful.Prominent example for this is the detector for measuring the number of particles of time per unit (particle flow).
Especially, may take at least one detector device from following group, described group includes particle energy detector, grain
Sub-position detector, particle types detector, particle deflection detector, particle charging detector, particle rapidity detector, particle
Direction detector, particle beam width detector and/or particle beam intensity detector.First experiment has shown that the spy of the above-mentioned type
Determine detector to be especially well suited to obtain available information.Especially, at least some may be designed in this way above-mentioned (not even
With type) detector so that they at least in part and/or at least time time-sensitive and/or position sensing (especially,
They can be that one-dimensional position sensitive, two-dimensional position-sensitive, three-dimensional position be sensitive and/or four-dimensional position sensing).
Generating the preferred embodiment of equipment according to particle beam, it is provided that at least one feedback unit, at least one of which generates
At least one characteristic of particle beam, preferably at least one at least one characteristic monitoring particle beam is for control at least one
The particle beam generated, is preferably used for controlling at least one process particle beam.In this way, it is possible to significantly improve the quality of disposal
And/or precision (particularly certainty of measurement).Especially, the precision of the radiation dose introducing workpiece can be improved.For feedback
Unit, can use usual way and/or equipment.It is, for example possible to use standard controller or standard computer.
It is highly preferred that particle beam can be designed by this way generate equipment so that described particle beam generates equipment, excellent
Feedback unit described in selection of land designs by this way and arranges so that can be according to Particle Beam Processing described in by least one
The motion of at least one part of described workpiece, controls the particle beam of at least one generation.In this manner it is possible to the most accurate
Mode for moving target apply radiation dispose.Especially, this situation may be in the organ of locomotion as lung or heart or connect
Nearly organ of locomotion occurs.It is particularly advantageous in that and monitors that Shu Yiyu processes the similar mode of bundle and sees the density of the material penetrated.With
This mode, the non-linear relation between relative biological efficacy and the radiation dose of physical deposition (it is by group for the complexity introduced
Knit the elongation of part, compress and rotation causes) control of particle beam can be introduced in the way of being particular about very much.As example, i.e.
Making (currently) there is not disposal bundle, the use of such feedback device is also proved favourable by the raising measuring quality especially.
If design by this way and arrange particle beam generate equipment transmitter unit so that at least in part and/
Or particle beam described in delivery at least one sometimes is to ambient pressure, then realize particle beam and generate another preferred embodiment of equipment.
In this way, machine shop and/or office treatment can be under common atmospheric conditions.Certainly, which significantly enhances possible application
Multiformity.For example, it is possible to by using this shooting to realize such transmitter unit.
If at least some of of at least one accelerator unit is at least occasionally used for accelerating different types of particle beam, then
Realize particle beam and generate another preferred embodiment of equipment.In this way, it is possible to reduce particle beam to generate the overall complicated of equipment
Property.Especially, single accelerator may be used for go to can the acceleration of magnitude.Generally, this portion of accelerator facility
Point it is the most complicated and is therefore the most expensive.Therefore, it can significantly reduce the cost related to.
If designing described particle beam generation equipment at least partially serve as particle beam disposal facility and/or diagnostic device,
It is then preferred, is preferably used for medical treatment and/or veterinary's purpose.Recently, particle beam generation equipment has turned out for treatment cancer
Disease is highly useful.In this way, it is proposed that the particle beam of type generates equipment and may be used for performing such (and the most)
Dispose.
If described particle beam generates equipment includes at least one mix particles equipment and/or the division of at least one particle
Equipment, then can realize particle beam and generate another preferred embodiment of equipment.By using mix particles equipment, can be by difference
Source generates two (or more) different types of particles.For example, it is possible to provide for the ion source of heavy ion and for matter
Son or (discrete) ion source of helium ion.The ion produced by each source " combines " in single track.This combination can be in office
What point occurs.Preferably, should occur before accelerating " mixing ", particularly occurred before the final acceleration of particle.It is also possible to
Use at least one particle splitter.This can be intermediate objective, and the part of the particle wherein processing bundle passes through nuclear fission
It is split into less part.
If particle beam generates equipment includes at least one lateral deflection unit and/or at least one energy variation unit,
Then can realize particle beam and generate another preferred embodiment of equipment.Lateral deflection unit can be that (it is excellent for a pair solenoid
Selection of land vertical arrangement).Energy variation equipment can be removable wedge shape species type.The wedge manufactured by energy absorbing material with
Such mode moves so that therefore particle beam must lose different amounts of energy for different length by wedge.With this
Mode, the energy of particle beam can change, and the position of therefore bragg peak can change at longitudinal direction.Especially, logical
Cross and use such design, combine form of a stroke or a combination of strokes particle beam especially, can scanning technique (particularly raster scan art).
Further it is proposed that a kind of for controlling the method that particle beam generates equipment, at least a part of which partly and/or sometimes generates
Different types of two particle beam, wherein the particle beam of the first kind is used for processing intent, it is especially useful in process work to be processed
Part, and at least Second Type particle beam for monitoring purposes, it is especially useful in monitor described workpiece.Similarly, it is proposed that type
Method is by display and describes identical feature and advantage before.Basic skills on describing significance before may revising.Therefore, as
Have been described above, it is also possible to realize extra feature and their advantage and characteristic.
Therefore, it can perform raster-scan method, wherein cross over tumour 3 D at least two grains of scanning of workpiece or patient
Son bundle.Especially, the raster-scan method of intensity-controlled can be performed, in order to irradiate the target volume in workpiece or patient.Can
With by the accurate 3D dosage of at least one particle beam in the second particle beam control target volume of at least two particle beam of use
Apply, in order to the movement of detection target volume or motion.Here, correcting unit can be used, in order to according to the movement detected
Or motion changes the position of the particle beam in workpiece or patient.Preferably, correcting unit is Quick correction device.Second particle beam
May be used for the movement of irradiating the most in real time control target volume long-pending with mobile object.Preferably, it is used for detecting objective body
Second particle beam of long-pending motion has such as the more low-intensity of the first particle beam (processing bundle).With such as CT detection and fluoroscopic examination
Other detection methods compare, it appeared that low dosage expose advantage.
Additionally or alternatively, it is proposed that the side of a kind of at least one of current location for measuring at least one workpiece
Method, this at least one workpiece moves the most over time, at least a part of which partly and/or at least time use by institute
State the dump energy of at least one particle beam after workpiece, for determine at least one workpiece described at least one of currently
Position.Similarly, the most such method by display and describes identical feature and advantage before.Accordingly it is also possible to realize volume
Outer feature and as has been described their advantage and characteristic.
The method can include from the dump energy measured or measures remaining range and calculate dump energy from it, calculates
Need not be stopped by workpiece or the scope of the particle beam of patient.Additionally, the method can include measuring lateral attitude.The method
Preferably it is combined through the remaining range of the measurement of the particle beam of workpiece or patient and the lateral attitude of measurement.Detect from these
And/or the data calculated, it may be determined that at the material of instrument of each irradiation position or the actual constituent of the tissue of patient.Permissible
Determine the change of the thickness of each layer that the movement by the target volume depending on the time or motion cause.The method can also include
The pre-test of layer thickness and the irradiation measured during irradiation or the comparison of the layer thickness of different motion state determined.Thus, may be used
To determine the actual motion state during irradiation in real time, and can correspondingly adjust particle beam (processing bundle).
Accompanying drawing explanation
When considering the following description of the embodiment of the present invention together with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be apparent from.Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1: particle beam generates the schematic overview of equipment；
Fig. 2: particle beam as shown in Figure 1 generates equipment and disposes the schematic overview of part；
Fig. 3: the effect of moving target in schematic overview；
Fig. 4: for the first embodiment of the method being associated with the motion phase of workpiece that particle energy is dissipated；
Fig. 5: for controlling the method that particle beam generates equipment in indicative flowchart；
Fig. 6: for the method measuring the position of moving target in indicative flowchart.
Detailed description of the invention
In FIG, schematically show particle beam and generate equipment 1.Particle beam generates equipment 1 for irradiation workpiece, and also
It is properly termed as particle beam and generates equipment 1.Particle beam generates equipment 1 and can be largely classified into some function groups.First is divided into ion source
Group 2, second is divided into accelerator group 3 and the 3rd to be divided into bundle delivery (beam delivery) to organize 4.
Ion source group 2 is present in the example of the ion source 5,6 illustrated at present.Ion source 5,6 can be same type, such as
Ecr ion source.Ion source 5,6 can also be dissimilar, and wherein the first ion source 5(processes ion source 5) for delivering such as carbon
The heavy ion of ion, oxonium ion or ne ion.Ion source is processed by the first ion source 5() ion that produces will be ultimately formed process
Particle beam 12(disposes particle beam), its function will be described after a while.
Second ion source 6(monitors ion source 6) may be used for generating light ion, particularly proton and helium ion.By second
The ion that ion source 6 produces will be ultimately formed and monitors that particle beam 13(is as described later).
Two the different types of ions generated by two ion sources 5,6 will combine in hybrid chamber 7.With this side
Formula, creates every two ion beams 12,13 formed by different particles.But, two ion beams 12,13 will be along substantially phase
Same path is run.Additionally, after hybrid chamber 7, two particle beam will be used for for the same components accelerated, bend and modulate
12、13.Therefore, it is only two ion beams 12,13 and draws single line.
Second bundle 13 can also be produced by other devices.A kind of probability is to divide the first particle at division target (not shown)
Bundle 12.
After mixing in hybrid chamber 7, two particle beam 12,13 are by linear accelerator (linear accelerator)
8 initial acceleration.In this linear accelerator 8, particle by accelerate to about light beam 10%(this be the representative value easily distinguished).
After initial acceleration, particle beam 12,13 is bent by some bending magnets 9, and introduces synchrotron 10, and it will be for
Particle in accelerator group 3 performs main acceleration.In synchrotron 10, by accelerated particle in the first step.Second
In step, particle is stored in synchrotron 10(and now functions as storage ring) in, and slowly extract by extracting dividing plate 11.Carry
Take typically about 5 to 10 seconds stage (so-called particle overflows) long.
After extracting from synchrotron 10, two particle beam 12,13 will be directed to office treatment 14, pacify in office treatment 14
Row's workpiece or patient 15.In the case of patient 15, patient 15 is fixed in patient table (not shown in figure 1).
Before particle beam 12,13 will enter office treatment 14, they would first, through bending magnet and arrange 16, particle beam
12,13 bending magnet can be utilized to arrange 16 transverse curvature.In this way, it is possible to by (transverse curvature) particle beam 12,13 to
Reach the different coordinates in X-Y plane.In the bending so-called scanner magnet of magnet 16(16) after, particle beam 12,13 will pass through
Energy modulator 17.So energy modulator 17 is known in the art.As example, energy modulator 17 can be by energy
Two wedges 18 of amount absorbing material manufacture are constituted.Using fast actuator, wedge 18 can move forward and backward.Depend on wedge
Shape thing 18 is relative to the position of particle beam 12,13, and particle beam 12,13 must be by the energy absorbing material through wedge 18
Different length.Therefore, the energy of particle beam 12,13 can be decayed in particular bound.This will change at longitudinal direction (Z-direction)
The position of the bragg peak of particle beam 12.
In the downstream of energy modulator 17, particle beam 12,13 is by by the first layout of detector 19.The detection of first group
Device 19 is arranged in the upstream of patient 15.The detector 19 of first group will such as be verified the current location of particle beam 12,13, will be verified
Leave the particle energy (its determine in patient 15 on longitudinal direction the position of bragg peak) of energy modulator 17, particle will be measured
Bundle 12,13 intensity etc..
The vacuum section generating equipment 1 from particle by window 20 is discharged by particle beam 12,13.Preferably, also referred to as send out
Before penetrating the first layout that the window 20 of unit 20 is arranged in detector 19.Wherein, particle beam 12,13 is the most in vacuo by road
Footpath sends, and they send the most by path by ambient pressure (being near the mark atmospheric pressure in room temperature).
The first particle beam 12 will be controlled by this way so that volume to be disposed in patient 15 will be at bending magnet 16
With scanning (being preferably used scanning technique, more preferably raster scan art) continuously with the help of energy modulator 17.With this
Mode, the particular radiation dosage as outputed by doctor will deposit in the zones of different of the tissue of patient 15.Therefore, the first particle
Bundle 12 is properly termed as processing particle beam 12, the particle beam that i.e. execution " truly " is disposed.Will be in Prague because processing particle beam 12
The position at peak stops, and " blocking " is in patient 15, and this bundle will typically be in the patient 15 (side at bundle 12, downstream below
To seeing) without departing from patient 15.
Situation is different for the second particle beam 13 being made up of more light ion (such as proton or helium ion).Because second
The particle of son bundle 13 and the particle of the first particle beam 12 are compared and are had more low quality and electric charge, so they generally will be unlike first
The particle of particle beam 12 slows down the soonest.Therefore, the particle of the second particle beam 13 generally will penetrate patient 15 and in downstream
Patient is left in side 15.This is the most visible.Although in a specific way (in particular with reference to penetration length) with first
Particle beam 12 is compared, and the second particle beam 13 has different behavior, and the particle of the second particle beam 13 the most still has picture
The behavior that the particle of the first particle beam 12 is similar.Especially, such as penetrating of being seen by (hadron) particle of two particle beam 12,13
The density of tissue is similar.Therefore, it can the imaging that pushes away from the second particle beam 13 and/or organizational information than ion and/
Or in heavy ion particle therapy use there is more high-quality therefore, the second particle beam 13 be properly termed as monitor particle beam 13.Should
Monitor that particle beam 13 can be measured at patient 15 downstream (that is, after at the health 15 having passed through patient).Utilizing patient
The array of the detector 21 in 15 downstreams is carried out.As already explained, monitor that particle beam 13 comprises the health 15 about patient now
Valuable information.This will be further elucidated with in figs. 3 and 4.
In order to completely, it should be mentioned that substitute patient 15, it is also possible to use virtual unit or phantom target.The radiation of mirage is excellent
Selection of land can serve as quality assurance measurement.Additionally, as example, it is also possible to irradiate as the work of electronic equipment with particle beam 12,13
Part, microprocessor (a kind of millimicro plant equipment) etc. can be revised by particle beam 12,13 or structure.
Furthermore, it is also possible to use bundle irradiation apparatus 1 and do not have " first " particle beam 12(process particle beam 12), the most only make
Particle beam 13 is monitored) with " second " particle beam 13(.This can understand by this way, and bundle irradiation apparatus 1 is for only having
Monitor the period relatively extended of (" second ") particle beam 13.Only using such supervision particle beam 13, bundle irradiation apparatus 1 is permissible
For measuring and/or control the motion of patient 15.After using such measurement circulation, " switching back into " particle beam may be processed
12(is with or without monitoring particle beam 13).However, it is also possible to use the bundle irradiation apparatus 1 of amendment, wherein it is completely absent
Process ion source 5, and the most only monitor that ion source 6 exists (in the later case, it is also possible to omit hybrid chamber 7).
In fig. 2, illustrate that particle beam generates equipment 1 again.But, this figure is directed to physical principle specifically, and because of
This Fig. 2 is the most abstract.Two particle beam 12,13 as produced by two ion sources 5,6 combine in hybrid chamber 7.Hereafter,
They pass through accelerator group 3.Then, bending magnet 16 and energy modulator 17 disposal area of disposal bundle 12 is suitably adjusted
Horizontal and vertical position.Before discharging to patient 15, two particle beam 12,13 first pass through first group of detector 19, as
Describe before.Then, after having passed through patient 15, monitor particle beam 13(and the most only monitor particle beam 13)
The detector array 21 in downstream is measured.
In fig. 2, the environment in the health 15 of patient is illustrated in greater detail.The health 15 of patient includes health tissues 22 He
The organ 23 of different qualities.In the illustrated example, tumor 24 is positioned on a lung 23a.Reference number 23b indicates another
Lung.Corresponding to the respiratory movement of patient 15, tumor 24 is correspondingly moved.
As Fig. 2 indicates, only monitor that particle beam 13 will be by patient 15.The first particle beam 12 will be controlled in this way
(that is, processing particle beam 12) so that the position of its Bragg curve and maximum are positioned at tumor 24.This is mainly by bending magnetic
Body 16 and energy modulator 17 complete.By the suitable control of two unit 16,17, whole tumor body 24 can be scanned, and
Therefore disposed by scanning technique.
As from Fig. 2 (and from Fig. 3 afterwards) clearly, monitor that particle beam 13 comprises about the information being pierced tissue.
Therefore, this information is fed in control unit 25, and control unit 25 can be such as standard computer.But, not only under
The information of trip detector 21, and from first group of detector 19(i.e., windward detector 19) information can be fed to control
In unit 25.
The another type of information must being fed in control unit 25 is disposal plan 26 and the information about patient 15.
The two determines the most in advance (that is, before " truly " disposes generation).This string information 26 is fed to control the most before disposal
In unit 25 processed.Depending on the information received, control unit 25 will correspondingly control to bend magnet 16 and energy modulator 17,
Make, while considering the motion of tumor 24, to dispose whole tumor 24 with particle beam 12 and 13.
In figure 3 it is shown that the typical breathing cycle 27 of patient 15.This breath cycle 27 can be decomposed into some stages, as
Shown in Fig. 3.In different phase, tumor 24 will be moved along with lung 23a.Particle beam 12,13 is made to follow the motion of tumor 24, may
Monitor bundle 13 by this way so that measure the deviation of its dump energy and/or position (s), and algorithm attempts
These deviations of littleization.Even if the most simply being measured by this, the tracking quality of tumor 24 can also be the highest, as already described
, because two particle beam 12,13 " see " density of the tissue of 15,23,24 in a similar fashion.Wherein meaning " seen " in term
Taste particle beam 12,13 and is penetrated the tissue of patient 15, slows down according to the respective energy loss of each bar particle beam 12 and 13 wherein,
Wherein particle beam 12 receives energy loss more higher than particle beam 13.Therefore, particle beam can be detected in the downstream of patient 15
13, wherein depend on the structure of tissue, the dump energy of particle beam 13 will be different slightly.This is due to two particle beam 12,13
Relate to the Physical interaction that disease is identical.
In the diagram, the side that the actual motion stage for making tumor 24 during breath cycle 27 that schematically shows is relevant
Method 36.This can complete by using correlation matrix 37, wherein for restrainting the institute of position " b " and motion stage " p " likely
Combination, calculates and memory range Rbp.In the specific embodiment shown in Fig. 4, it is shown that some stages " p0 " arrive " p9 " and some
Bundle position " b0 " arrives " b9 ".Generate each assembly of equipment 1 by suitably controlling particle beam, sample plot determines scope Rbp。
After a while, preferably actual bundle position " b " is measured with the detector 19 of the weather side being positioned at patient 15.Logical by measuring
Cross the dump energy of patient 15 particle beam afterwards, i.e. by using downstream detector 21, scope " R " can be measured.Use two
Number " b " and " R ", by using matrix 37 can obtain the stage " p " as look-up table (LUT).If additionally, some suitably
Relevant parameter " R " should exist, then can perform truthlikeness inspection；There is the stage No. " p " closest to stage No. " p " before
One the most most suitable.
Finally, in Figure 5, the method 28 for controlling particle beam generation equipment 1 is schematically shown.First, plan is disposed
26 and further information about patient 15 to be disposed be loaded in control unit 25 in preparation process 29.It is parallel with this,
Patient 15 can be placed in patient table.During this preparation process 29, other extra preparation process can be taked.
Then, generate and apply particle beam 12,13(i.e., process particle beam 12 and monitor particle beam 13) to patient 15.
At this Shu Shengcheng with apply during the stage 30, measure in measuring process 31 in the upstream side of patient 15 and downstream
The characteristic of particle beam 12,13.Based on the information obtained in this measuring process 31, aligning step 32 calculates control information
(such as, for controlling bending magnet 16 and the correction data of energy regulator 17).
Now, check whether in step 33 and delivered disposal method.If situation is not such, then process step
In the rapid return applying stage 30, with line 34, control information is shown especially.Again, bundle is generated in step 30, in step 31
Measure, correct in aligning step 32 and be applied to patient.
But, if delivering disposal method the most completely, then complete disposal and disposal process and stop 35.
In a word, during method 38, scope R of calculatingbpAnd bundle position b and stage p is stored in correlation matrix 37, and
And it is relevant to each measurement scope R of specific bundle position b.
Finally, in figure 6, the method 38 of motion stage for determining patient 15 is illustrated with schematic flow.
In initial step 39, for motion stage " p " and bundle position " b " the most right, dependency number RbpSuch as it is stored in
In correlation matrix 37 (compared with Fig. 4).
In corresponding parameter R having stored realitybpAfterwards, first check whether to have measured in renewal step 40 continuously
The institute of motion stage " p " and bundle position " b " is the most right.If situation is not such, then by motion stage " p " and/or bundle
Position " b " updates to next position to be measured, and program rebound 41.But, if completing to measure circulation, then method 38
Enter another loop.Now, in " input step " 42, program " listens to " parameter R of correspondencebp(with beam energy damping
Form is measured) and (it can pass through position detector 19,21, is preferably examined by the upstream of patient 15 when prenex position " b "
Survey device 19 to measure).If obtaining such data pair, then program from correlation matrix 37 obtain correspondence stage " p ", and
Step 43 subsequently exports each value.Being complete hereafter, program is as indicated rebound by line 44 and " listening in step 42
Take " input of another data.In a word, this method include from correlation matrix 37 LUT find the stage p corresponding with scope R of measuring and
The step of bundle position b.
Reference listing:
1 particle beam generates or radiation device
2 ion source groups
3 accelerator groups
4 bundle delivery group
5 ion sources (process)
6 ion sources (monitor)
7 hybrid chambers
8 linear accelerators
9 bending magnets
10 synchrotrons
11 extract dividing plate
12 process particle beam
13 monitor particle beam
14 office treatments
15 patients
16 bending magnets
17 energy modulator
18 wedges
The upstream group of 19 detectors
20 windows
21 downstream detector
22 health tissues
23 organs
24 tumors
25 control units
26 dispose plan
27 breath cycle
28 methods disposed for particle
29 preparation process
30 bundle generation steps
31 measuring processs
32 aligning steps
33 check state
34 steps backward
35 stop
36 correlation techniques
37 correlation matrixs
38 motion determination method
39 measure relevant parameter
40 update
41 rebounds
42 input steps
43 stages obtained step
44 rebounds
Claims (23)
1. a particle beam generates equipment (1), including for generating particle beam (12,13) at least one accelerator unit (3,
8,10) and be used for exporting described at least one particle beam (12,13) at least one transmitter unit (20) to workpiece (15),
At least a part of which partly and/or at least time release include there is the hadron particle of different quality and/or different electric charge at least
Article two, particle beam (12,13), wherein
Described at least two particle beam (12,13) when being output to described workpiece (15) and being upper, a particle beam (12) therein
Be parked in described workpiece (15) and downstream after described workpiece (15) be without departing from described workpiece (15), and wherein another
Particle beam (13) penetrates described workpiece (15) and leaves described workpiece (15) in the downstream of described workpiece (15), and
Wherein, described at least two particle beam (12,13) arrive described workpiece (15) along identical path.
2. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generates equipment (1), including for detecting described at least one particle beam (13)
At least one detector device (19,21), wherein said at least one detector device (19,21) is arranged in described workpiece (15)
Downwind side (21), at least a part of which partly and/or at least time use and obtained by described at least one detector device (19,21)
The information obtained, to determine at least part of current location of described workpiece (15).
3. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generates equipment (1), and particle beam (12,13) described at least one of which comprises core
Seed and/or charged particle.
4. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generates equipment (1), and particle beam (12,13) described at least two of which comprises core
Seed and/or charged particle.
5. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generates equipment (1), and the most a plurality of described particle beam (12,13) comprises nucleon grain
Son and/or charged particle.
6. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generates equipment (1), and the most all described particle beam (12,13) comprise nucleon grain
Son and/or charged particle.
7. the particle beam as according to any one of claim 3-6 generates equipment (1), and wherein said charged particle is positively charged grain
Son.
8. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generates equipment (1), including at least two described particle beam (12,13)
In particle comprise different-energy.
9. particle beam as claimed in claim 2 generates equipment (1), at least Article 1 of described particle beam (12,13) be for
The process particle beam (12) of processing intent, and at least Article 2 of described particle beam is supervision particle beam for monitoring purposes
(13)。
10. particle beam as claimed in claim 9 generates equipment (1), design the most in this way and arrange described at least one
Detector device (19,21) so that it is for monitoring particle beam (13) described in detection at least one, at least one inspection wherein said
Survey device equipment (19,21) and be arranged in downwind side (21).
11. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1), set including from following group of at least one detector taked
Standby (19,21), described group includes the deflection detection of particle energy detector, particle position detector, particle types detector, particle
Device, particle charging detector, particle rapidity detector, particle direction detector, particle beam width detector and/or particle beam intensity
Degree detector.
12. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1) and include at least one feedback unit (25), at least a part of which one
At least one characteristic of the particle beam (12,13) that bar generates is for controlling the particle beam (12,13) of at least one generation.
13. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1), including at least one feedback unit (25), at least a part of which one
Bar monitors that at least one characteristic of particle beam (13) is for controlling at least one process particle beam (12).
14. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1) wherein said particle beam and generate equipment (1) with such side
Formula design and arranging so that the described workpiece (15) that can process according to particle beam (12,13) described in by least one is at least
The motion of one part (24), controls the particle beam (12,13) of at least one generation.
15. particle beam as claimed in claim 12 generate equipment (1), and wherein said feedback unit (25) sets by this way
Meter and arranging so that at least one of the described workpiece (15) that can process according to particle beam (12,13) described in by least one
The partly motion of (24), controls the particle beam (12,13) of at least one generation.
16. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1), design the most by this way and arrange described transmitting
Unit (20) so that deliver particle beam (12,13) described at least one at least in part and/or sometimes to ambient pressure.
17. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1), at least one accelerator unit at least some of the most at least
It is occasionally used for accelerating different types of particle beam (12,13).
18. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1), and at least a part of which partly designs the generation of described particle beam and sets
Standby (1) is as particle beam disposal facility and/or as diagnostic device.
19. particle beam as claimed in claim 18 generate equipment (1), and wherein said diagnostic device is for medical treatment and/or veterinary
Purpose.
20. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1), including at least one mix particles equipment (7) and/or extremely
A few particle splitter.
21. particle beam as claimed in claim 1 generate equipment (1), including at least one lateral deflection unit (16) and/or extremely
A few energy variation unit (17).
22. 1 kinds are used for controlling the method that particle beam generates equipment (1), and at least a part of which partly and/or sometimes generates inhomogeneity
Two particle beam (12,13) of type, wherein the particle beam (12) of the first kind is used for processing intent, it is especially useful in processes and to process
Workpiece (15), and at least Second Type particle beam (13) for monitoring purposes, it is especially useful in monitor described workpiece (15), its
Described in two particle beam (12,13) include different quality and/or the hadron particle of different electric charge, wherein
Described two particle beam (12,13) when being output to described workpiece (15) and being upper, the particle beam of the wherein said first kind
(12) it is parked in described workpiece (15) and downstream after described workpiece (15) is without departing from described workpiece (15), and described the
The particle beam (13) of two types penetrates described workpiece (15) and leaves described workpiece (15) in the downstream of described workpiece (15), and
And
Wherein, described two particle beam (12,13) arrive described workpiece (15) along identical path.
23. methods (38) as claimed in claim 22, use by described workpiece (15) time at least in part and/or at least
The dump energy of at least one particle beam (13) afterwards, with determine described at least one workpiece (15) at least one of currently
Position.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10006501.0 | 2010-06-23 | ||
| EP10006501A EP2400506A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2010-06-23 | Particle beam generating device |
| PCT/EP2011/058621 WO2011160915A1 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2011-05-26 | Particle beam generating device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102971802A CN102971802A (en) | 2013-03-13 |
| CN102971802B true CN102971802B (en) | 2016-12-14 |
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