CN102970087B - Digital spectrum detection method for in-band on-channel (IBOC) system based on ear perception - Google Patents

Digital spectrum detection method for in-band on-channel (IBOC) system based on ear perception Download PDF

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CN102970087B
CN102970087B CN201210494974.0A CN201210494974A CN102970087B CN 102970087 B CN102970087 B CN 102970087B CN 201210494974 A CN201210494974 A CN 201210494974A CN 102970087 B CN102970087 B CN 102970087B
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CN102970087A (en
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王菲
杨刚
刘晋
方伟伟
蔡超时
焦玮
熊惟楚
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Suzhou Weishida Information Technology Co., Ltd.
Communication University of China
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Communication University of China
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Abstract

The invention discloses a digital spectrum detection method for an in-band on-channel (IBOC) system based on ear perception. By a high-definition (HD)-Radio system, in-band same-frequency transmission of an analog signal and a digital signal is realized; by the in-band same-frequency transmission mode, the digital signal is fixedly arranged at a position deviated from a carrier frequency of 130 to 200 KHZ; by a fixed combination mode, the digital signal is coupled with a frequency modulation (FM) analog signal; and the spectrum bandwidth of the FM analog signal is changed along with a program signal, so that the bandwidth change range is wide. Analog audio quality subjected to signal modulation under spectrum positions of different digital signals according to an international telecommunications union-radiocommunication (ITU-R) base station (BS).1387-1 psychological acoustics model, so that on the premise that the audio signal quality is not influenced, bandwidth which can be saved by signal transmission is counted; and the transmission capacity of the digital signals in the HD-Radio system can be improved.

Description

The digital spectrum detection method of the IBOC system based on auditory perceptual
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless telecommunication system, relate in particular to a kind of frequency spectrum detecting method of in-band on-channel system.
Background technology
In HD-Radio broadcast mixed mode, adopt fixing compound mode to carry out in-band on-channel (In-Band On-Channel, IBOC) transmission to analog and digital signal frequency spectrum.But because the spectral bandwidth of FM analog signal is along with programme signal changes, bandwidth excursion is large.Under very large time probability, analog fm signal bandwidth is much smaller than the boundary bandwidth that specifies analog and digital signal frequency spectrum in mixed mode.In the case, the real-time change of analog signal bandwidth causes occurring a large amount of idle frequency spectrums.Meanwhile, because the shared spectral bandwidth of analog signal is in real-time change, and digital signal frequency spectrum is placed on same spectrum position regularly, causes the audio quality in different time sections that people's ear hears to alter a great deal.
Fig. 1 is the frequency spectrum of HD Radio mixed mode, digital signal is placed on the transmission of simulation FM signal both sides, only use 10 frequency spectrum sub-blocks of each main sideband middle distance central subcarrier distal-most end, and be numbered ± 546 reference subcarrier of distal-most end, be called PM frequency band, altogether comprise 382 subcarriers, band occupancy scope from-198.402~-129.361KHz and 129.361~198.402KHz.In frequency spectrum-scope of 129.361~129.361KHz retains to analog signal, can be monophonic signal or stereophonic signal, also may comprise subsidiary communications authenticated channel.
In HD Radio system, transmitting terminal is modulated respectively and is generated analog signal and digital signal, completes analog and digital signal synthetic by synthesizer, and system model is as Fig. 2.Now, analog signal and digital signal adopt fixing spectrum mode to combine, and digital signal is placed on the position apart from the about 130KHz of carrier wave.
The psychoacoustic model that this patent uses is the psychoacoustic model based on PEAQ algorithm, as shown in Figure 3.PEAQ algorithm is by imitating the auditory system of people's ear, reference signal and test signal are analyzed to objective difference grade (the Object ive Difference Grade drawing corresponding to audio quality, ODG), this definition is equal to the SDG in subjective assessment.
Reference signal and test signal are respectively after psychoacoustic model is processed, and output separately just can calculate a series of model output parameters (Model Output Variables, MOV) via sensor model characteristic synthetic.Finally, be that an objective difference grade is exported by neural network module these MOV Parameter Mappings.
Psychoacoustic model can convert the time-domain signal of audio frequency to basilar memebrane and represent.Basilar memebrane is positioned at cochlea, and the different frequency composition of sound can excite the excitement of its diverse location.By hair cell, this excitement is converted into physiological stimulation again, reaches brain by auditory nerve.The concrete computational process of psychoacoustic model is: for the basic version using in this patent, audio signal is converted and is transformed into frequency domain by FFT, then simulate external ear and the frequency response of middle ear to sound by spectral coefficient weighting, then be mapped to physiology perception territory.
Sensor model is responsible for signal analysis and comprehensive, and object is better to simulate the sense quality of people's ear.
Neural net is responsible for the MOV parameter that above two modules are calculated and MOV parameter is mapped to an objective difference grade by neural net.
But because the spectral bandwidth of FM analog signal is along with programme signal (as frequency, amplitude) changes, under very large time probability, analog fm signal bandwidth is much smaller than the boundary bandwidth that specifies analog and digital signal frequency spectrum in standard.In the case, the real-time change of analog signal bandwidth not only causes occurring a large amount of idle frequency spectrums, and causes the audio quality in different time sections that people's ear hears to alter a great deal.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the technical problem existing in prior art, the present invention is based on psychoacoustic model, to digital signal under different spectrum positions, analogue audio frequency after the demodulation of HD-Radio signal carries out quality analysis, and statistics obtains signal under the prerequisite that does not affect audio quality and transmits savable bandwidth.
The digital spectrum detection method of the quasi-definite IBOC system based on auditory perceptual of the present invention comprises the following steps:
The first step, according to HD Radio mixed mode, will simulate FM signal and digital signal coupling, obtain the simulated audio signal after demodulation at demodulating end, and wherein the spectral bandwidth of digital signal is fixed on and departs from carrier frequency 130KHZ to 200KHZ;
Second step, according to PEAQ model, calculates the overall noise masking ratio of simulated audio signal, be designated as NMR_ total, wherein transmitting terminal simulated audio signal to be sent is reference signal, is designated as Ref_ total, simulated audio signal after demodulation is test signal, is designated as Test_ total;
The 3rd step, to Ref_ summation, Test_ always intercepts respectively, the initial sampled point of i frame data is (4096*N-2048) * i, stopping sampled point is (4096*N) * (i+1)-2048*i, signal after intercepting is respectively as reference signal and the test signal of i frame, be designated as Ref_i and Test_i, wherein N is positive integer, and i is frame number count value;
The 4th step, according to PEAQ model, respectively as reference signal and the test signal of i frame, calculates the masking by noise ratio of i frame audio signal using Ref_i and Test_i, is designated as NMR_i;
The 5th step, is fixed on 200KHZ by the end of digital signal frequency spectrum and remains unchanged, and according to NMR_i and the total size of NMR, adjusts the original position p of digital signal frequency spectrum, and wherein p is the original position of digital signal spectral bandwidth; The initial value of p is 130KHZ; If NMR_i<NMR_ is total, 1KHZ moves to left p, generate new digital signal, after simulation FM signal coupling, obtain the simulated audio signal of current i frame at demodulating end, calculate NMR_i now, and again differentiate with the total size of NMR_, until NMR_i>NMR_ is total, record the minimum p value of NMR_i<NMR_ when total, be designated as Fstart_i; If NMR_i>NMR_ is total, the 1KHZ that p moved to right, until NM R_i<NMR_ is total, records the minimum p value of NMR_i<NMR_ when total, is designated as Fstart_i;
The 6th step, compiles the frequency spectrum original position Fstart_i of every frame data, calculates its mean value, and with HD-Radio system in the fixing frequency spectrum original position 130KHZ of digital signal compare, statistics obtains signal and transmits savable bandwidth.
NMR variable, as one in 11 MOV variablees in PEAQ model, reflects the ratio relation between noise and signal masking threshold.Wherein said masking by noise than the computational methods of NMR is:
The first step, reference and the test signal of the frame length to input are carried out respectively time-domain windowed operation, then carry out N fpoint DFT conversion, then according to the weighted factor of each frequency of property calculation of external ear, middle ear filter, carries out frequency domain weighting to the result of DFT conversion afterwards, and wherein the characteristic of external ear and middle ear filter is: W ( k ) = - 2.184 ( k / 1000 ) - 0.8 + 6.5 e - 0.6 ( k / 1000 - 3.3 ) 2 - 0.001 ( k / 1000 ) 3.6 , K is spectral line count value;
Second step, calculates signal difference, and wherein the computational methods of signal difference are: X diff [ k ] = X ref [ k ] - 2 X ref [ k ] &CenterDot; X test [ k ] + X test [ k ] , 0≤k≤N f/ 2, wherein, X ref[k] and X test[k] is respectively the spectral line value after DFT conversion of reference signal and test signal, and k is spectral line count value;
The 3rd step, the reference signal of frequency domain and test signal are transformed into Bark territory, the transformational relation in its frequency domain and Bark territory is: z=B (k)=7*asinh (k/650), wherein, k is frequency domain spectral line count value, B (k) represents the transformational relation of frequency domain to Bark territory, z represents Bark territory, data after conversion are equally divided into 109 Bark territory subbands, find boundary value corresponding to each Bark territory subband, again boundary value contravariant is changed to frequency domain, inverse transformation relational expression is: k=B -1(z)=650*sinh (z/7), wherein B -1(z) represent the transformational relation of Bark territory to frequency domain, find the boundary value that frequency domain is corresponding, thereby frequency domain data is divided into 109 frequency domain subbands;
The 4th step, respectively by X refthe spectral line energy comprising in [k] each frequency domain subband is added, and obtains the masking threshold Ehs[m of each frequency domain subband], wherein m is sub band number, m=1 ... 109;
The 5th step, respectively by X diffthe spectral line energy comprising in [k] each frequency domain subband is added, and obtains the sample noise Ebn[m of each frequency domain subband], wherein m is sub band number, m=1 ... 109;
The 6th step, by average to the masking threshold of each frequency domain subband and sample noise weighting, calculates the NMR of whole frame data, and its computational methods are: NNR = 10 log 10 ( 1 n * 1 109 &Sigma; p = 0 n &Sigma; m = 1 109 EbN [ p , m ] g [ p , m ] * EhS [ p , m ] ) , Wherein g[m] be the weighting of masking threshold, expression formula is: g [ m ] = 10 - 3 / 10 m &le; 48 10 m / 16 m > 48 .
Can be further understood by detailed description and accompanying drawings below about advantage of the present invention and method.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the spectrogram of mixed mode (Hybrid);
The HD Radio system diagram of the Tu2Shi U.S.;
Fig. 3 is psychoacoustic model PEAQ algorithm block diagram;
Fig. 4 is the digital spectrum detection method figure of the IBOC system based on auditory perceptual.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment of the present invention is elaborated, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
Fig. 4 shows the digital spectrum detection method of the IBOC system based on auditory perceptual, specifically comprises the following steps:
The first step, according to HD Radio mixed mode, will simulate FM signal and digital signal coupling, obtain the simulated audio signal after demodulation at demodulating end, and wherein the spectral bandwidth of digital signal is fixed on and departs from carrier frequency 130KHZ to 200KHZ;
Second step, according to PEAQ model, calculates the overall noise masking ratio of simulated audio signal, be designated as NMR_ total, wherein transmitting terminal simulated audio signal to be sent is reference signal, is designated as Ref_ total, simulated audio signal after demodulation is test signal, is designated as Test_ total;
The 3rd step, to Ref_ summation, Test_ always intercepts respectively, the initial sampled point of i frame data is (4096*N-2048) * i, stopping sampled point is (4096*N) * (i+1)-2048*i, signal after intercepting is respectively as reference signal and the test signal of i frame, be designated as Ref_i and Test_i, wherein N is positive integer, and i is frame number count value;
The 4th step, according to PEAQ model, respectively as reference signal and the test signal of i frame, calculates the masking by noise ratio of i frame audio signal using Ref_i and Test_i, is designated as NMR_i;
The 5th step, is fixed on 200KHZ by the end of digital signal frequency spectrum and remains unchanged, and according to NMR_i and the total size of NMR_, adjusts the original position p of digital signal frequency spectrum, and wherein p is the original position of digital signal spectral bandwidth; The initial value of p is 130KHZ; If NMR_i<NMR_ is total, 1KHZ moves to left p, generate new digital signal, after simulation FM signal coupling, obtain the simulated audio signal of current i frame at demodulating end, calculate NMR_i now, and again differentiate with the total size of NMR_, until NMR_i>NMR_ is total, record the minimum p value of NMR_i<NMR_ when total, be designated as Fstart_i; If NMR_i>NMR_ is total, the 1KHZ that p moved to right, until NM R_i<NMR_ is total, records the minimum p value of NMR_i<NMR_ when total, is designated as Fstart_i;
The 6th step, compiles the frequency spectrum original position Fstart_i of every frame data, calculates its mean value, and with HD-Radio system in the fixing frequency spectrum original position 130KHZ of digital signal compare, statistics obtains signal and transmits savable bandwidth.
Wherein, described masking by noise comprises the following steps than the computational methods of NMR:
The first step, reference and the test signal of the frame length to input are carried out respectively time-domain windowed operation, then carry out N fpoint DFT conversion, then according to the weighted factor of each frequency of property calculation of external ear, middle ear filter, carries out frequency domain weighting to the result of DFT conversion afterwards, and wherein the characteristic of external ear and middle ear filter is: W ( k ) = - 2.184 ( k / 1000 ) - 0.8 + 6.5 e - 0.6 ( k / 1000 - 3.3 ) 2 - 0.001 ( k / 1000 ) 3.6 , K is spectral line count value;
Second step, calculates signal difference, and wherein the computational methods of signal difference are: X diff [ k ] = X ref [ k ] - 2 X ref [ k ] &CenterDot; X test [ k ] + X test [ k ] , 0≤k≤N f/ 2, wherein, X ref[k] and X test[k] is respectively the spectral line value after DFT conversion of reference signal and test signal, and k is spectral line count value;
The 3rd step, the reference signal of frequency domain and test signal are transformed into Bark territory, the transformational relation in its frequency domain and Ba rk territory is: z=B (k)=7*asinh (k/650), wherein, k is frequency domain spectral line count value, B (k) represents the transformational relation of frequency domain to Bark territory, z represents Bark territory, data after conversion are equally divided into 109 Bark territory subbands, find boundary value corresponding to each Bark territory subband, again boundary value contravariant is changed to frequency domain, inverse transformation relational expression is: k=B -1(z)=650*sinh (z/7), wherein B -1(z) represent the transformational relation of Bark territory to frequency domain, find the boundary value that frequency domain is corresponding, thereby frequency domain data is divided into 109 frequency domain subbands;
The 4th step, respectively by X refthe spectral line energy comprising in [k] each frequency domain subband is added, and obtains the masking threshold Ehs[m of each frequency domain subband], wherein m is sub band number, m=1 ... 109;
The 5th step, respectively by X diffthe spectral line energy comprising in [k] each frequency domain subband is added, and obtains the sample noise Ebn[m of each frequency domain subband], wherein m is sub band number, m=1 ... 109;
The 6th step, by average to the masking threshold of each frequency domain subband and sample noise weighting, calculates the NMR of whole frame data, and its computational methods are: NNR = 10 log 10 ( 1 n * 1 109 &Sigma; p = 0 n &Sigma; m = 1 109 EbN [ p , m ] g [ p , m ] * EhS [ p , m ] ) , Wherein g[m] be the weighting of masking threshold, expression formula is: g [ m ] = 10 - 3 / 10 m &le; 48 10 m / 16 m > 48 .
The above; it is only one of the specific embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; any those of ordinary skill in the art are in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the variation that can expect without creative work or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range that claims were limited.

Claims (1)

1. the digital spectrum detection method of the IBOC system based on auditory perceptual, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, according to HD Radio mixed mode, will simulate FM signal and digital signal coupling, obtain the simulated audio signal after demodulation at demodulating end, and wherein the spectral bandwidth of digital signal is fixed on and departs from carrier frequency 130KHZ to 200KHZ;
Second step, according to PEAQ model, calculates the overall noise masking ratio of simulated audio signal, be designated as NMR_ total, wherein transmitting terminal simulated audio signal to be sent is reference signal, is designated as Ref_ total, simulated audio signal after demodulation is test signal, is designated as Test_ total;
The 3rd step, to Ref_ summation, Test_ always intercepts respectively, signal after intercepting is respectively as reference signal and the test signal of i frame, be designated as Ref_i and Test_i, wherein i is frame number count value, the intercept method of described signal is: the initial sampled point of i frame data is (4096*N-2048) * i, and stopping sampled point is (4096*N) * (i+1)-2048*i, and wherein N is positive integer;
The 4th step, according to PEAQ model, respectively as reference signal and the test signal of i frame, calculates the masking by noise ratio of i frame audio signal using Ref_i and Test_i, is designated as NMR_i;
The 5th step, the end of digital signal frequency spectrum is fixed on to 200KHZ to remain unchanged, according to NMR_i and the total size of NMR_, adjust the original position p of digital signal frequency spectrum, wherein p is the original position of digital signal spectral bandwidth, the method of adjustment of the original position p of described signal spectrum is: the initial value of p is 130KHZ, if NMR_i<NMR_ is total, 1KHZ moves to left p, generate new digital signal, after simulation FM signal coupling, obtain the simulated audio signal of current i frame at demodulating end, calculate NMR_i now, and again differentiate with the total size of NMR_, until NMR_i>NMR_ is total, record the minimum p value of NMR_i<NMR_ when total, if NMR_i>NMR_ is total, 1KHZ moves to right p, until NMR_i<NMR_ is total, record the minimum p value of NMR_i<NMR_ when total,
The 6th step, compiles the frequency spectrum original position of every frame data, and with the fixing frequency spectrum original position 130KHZ comparison of digital signal in HD-Radio system, statistics obtains signal and transmits savable bandwidth;
Wherein said masking by noise than the computational methods of NMR is:
The first step, reference and the test signal of the frame length to input are carried out respectively time-domain windowed operation, then carry out N fpoint DFT conversion, then according to the weighted factor of each frequency of property calculation of external ear, middle ear filter, afterwards the result of DFT conversion is carried out to frequency domain weighting, wherein the characteristic of external ear and middle ear filter is: W (k)=-2.184 (k/1000) -0.8+ 6.5e -0.6 (k/1000-3.3) 2-0.001 (k/1000) 3.6, k is spectral line count value;
Second step, calculates signal difference, and wherein the computational methods of signal difference are: X diff [ k ] = X ref [ k ] - 2 X ref [ k ] &CenterDot; X test [ k ] + X test [ k ] , 0 &le; k &le; N F / 2 , Wherein, X ref[k] and X test[k] is respectively the spectral line value after DFT conversion of reference signal and test signal, and k is spectral line count value;
The 3rd step, the reference signal of frequency domain and test signal are transformed into Bark territory, the transformational relation in its frequency domain and Ba rk territory is: z=B (k)=7*asinh (k/650), wherein, k is frequency domain spectral line count value, B (k) represents the transformational relation of frequency domain to Bark territory, z represents Bark territory, data after conversion are equally divided into 109 Bark territory subbands, find boundary value corresponding to each Bark territory subband, again boundary value contravariant is changed to frequency domain, inverse transformation relational expression is: k=B -1(z)=650*sinh (z/7), wherein B -1(z) represent the transformational relation of Bark territory to frequency domain, find the boundary value that frequency domain is corresponding, thereby frequency domain data is divided into 109 frequency domain subbands;
The 4th step, respectively by X refthe spectral line energy comprising in [k] each frequency domain subband is added, and obtains the masking threshold Ehs[m of each frequency domain subband], wherein m is sub band number, m=1 ... 109;
The 5th step, respectively by X diffthe spectral line energy comprising in [k] each frequency domain subband is added, and obtains the sample noise Ebn[m of each frequency domain subband], wherein m is sub band number, m=1 ... 109;
The 6th step, by average to the masking threshold of each frequency domain subband and sample noise weighting, calculates the NMR of whole frame data, and its computational methods are: NNR = 10 log 10 ( 1 n * 1 109 &Sigma; p = 0 n &Sigma; m = 1 109 EbN [ p , m ] g [ p , m ] * EhS [ p , m ] ) , Wherein g[m] be the weighting of masking threshold, expression formula is: g [ m ] = 10 - 3 / 10 m &le; 48 10 m / 16 m > 48 .
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CN103544960B (en) * 2013-11-11 2016-03-30 苏州威士达信息科技有限公司 Based on the dynamic data sending method of the DRM+ system of auditory perceptual
CN103560844A (en) * 2013-11-11 2014-02-05 苏州威士达信息科技有限公司 NMR shift digital spectrum access method based on DRM+ system
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