CN102966482A - Vane height adjustable water turbine impeller - Google Patents
Vane height adjustable water turbine impeller Download PDFInfo
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- CN102966482A CN102966482A CN2012105345555A CN201210534555A CN102966482A CN 102966482 A CN102966482 A CN 102966482A CN 2012105345555 A CN2012105345555 A CN 2012105345555A CN 201210534555 A CN201210534555 A CN 201210534555A CN 102966482 A CN102966482 A CN 102966482A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vane height adjustable water turbine impeller, which comprises a vane and an impeller shell. The impeller is characterized in that the vane is mounted on the impeller shell; a gear is sleeved at a joint of the vane and the impeller shell; the gear is connected with a center shaft of the impeller; the center shaft of the impeller is sleeved with a sleeve; a rack is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sleeve through a screw; and the rack is meshed with the gear on the vane. The impeller can solve the problem that the water supply is not enough when the water level is low. When the water level is high, the horizontal contained angle of the vane can be adjusted down; when the water level is low, the horizontal contained angle of the vane can be adjusted up, which solves the problem that the displacement of the traditional water turbine impeller is not enough when the water level is relatively low in winter. The impeller is simple and practical in the structure, low in the price, and has great market promotion value.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of turbine impeller, specifically, provide a kind of turbine impeller of adjustable vane height.
Background technique
Water turbine is to be the transformation of energy of current the dynamic power machine of rotating mechanical energy, and it belongs to the turbomachinery in the fluid machinery.Before and after B.C. 100 years, blank---the water wheels of water turbine have just appearred in China, are used for irrigating by lifting water to a higher level with a water pump, etc. and driving the grain processing apparatus.Modern water turbine then great majority is installed in the water power plant, is used for driving the generator generating.In the water power plant, the water in the upper pond is guided water turbine into through aqueduct, promotes the rotary wheel of water turbine rotation, drives the generator generating.The water of finishing merit then passes through the tail water pipeline discharged to the downstream.Head is higher, flow is larger, and the output power of water turbine is also just larger.The current of early stage impulse turbine are when impacting blade, and kinetic energy rejection is very large, and efficient is not high.Water turbine can be divided into impulse turbine and reaction turbine two large classes by working principle.The runner of impulse turbine is subject to the impact of current and rotates, and the pressure of current is constant in the working procedure, mainly is the conversion of kinetic energy; The runner of reaction turbine is subject to the reaction force of current and rotates in water, the pressure energy of current and kinetic energy all change in the working procedure, but mainly are the conversions of pressure energy.Impulse turbine can be divided into the formula of hitting of cutting (claiming again water bucket type) and tilt-impulse type two classes by the flow direction of current.Structure and the Pelton wheel of inclined-jet turbine are basic identical, and just jet direction has an inclination angle, only are used for small unit.Theory analysis proves, and is when the peripheral velocity at bucket pitch circle place is about a half of effluxvelocity, most effective.This water turbine is when load changes, and the water intake velocity direction of runner is constant, and this class water turbine all is used for the high-head power station in addition, the change of water level less, velocity variations is little, thereby efficient is subjected to the impact of load variations less, efficiency curve is milder, and peak efficiency surpasses 91%.Reaction turbine can be divided into mixed-flow, axial flow, diagonal flow type and tubular.In Francis turbine, water flow path axially flows out runner to entering water distributor; In axial flow hydraulic turbine, water flow path is to entering stator, axially enters and flows out runner; In inclined flow turbine, water flow path flows to runner to entering stator with the direction that favours a certain angle of main shaft, or flows to stator and runner with the direction that favours main shaft; In tubular turbine, current flow to stator and runner vertically.Axial flow, tubular and inclined flow turbine also can be divided into by its structure decides oar formula and rotary propeller type.Deciding the runner bucket of oar formula fixes; The runner bucket of rotary propeller type can be in operation and rotate around sharf, to adapt to the variation of head and load.Various types of reaction turbines all are provided with water feed apparatus, and the water feed apparatus of large and medium-sized vertical shaft reaction turbine generally is comprised of spiral case, fixed guide vane and movable guide vane.The effect of spiral case is that current are evenly distributed to around the runner.When head below 40 meters the time, the spiral case Common Steels reinforced concrete cast on-site of water turbine forms; When head is higher than 40 meters, then often adopt the metal spiral case of welding or block cast.In reaction turbine, current are full of whole runner channel, and all blade is subject to the effect of current simultaneously, so under same head, runner diameter is less than impulse turbine.Their peak efficiency also is higher than impulse turbine, but when load variations, the efficient of water turbine is subject to impact in various degree.Reaction turbine all is provided with draft tube, and its effect is: the kinetic energy that reclaims outlet of rotary wheel place current; Current discharged to the downstream; When the mounting point of runner is higher than the level of tail water, this potential energy is converted into pressure energy is reclaimed.For the water turbine of the large flow of low water head, the outlet kinetic energy of runner is relatively large, and the recyclability of draft tube has appreciable impact to the efficient of water turbine.Be applicable to the power station than low water head.Under identical head, its specific speed is high than Francis turbine.The blade of fixed-blade propeller turbine is fixed on the web.General setting height(from bottom) is at 3-50m., the blade angle change that can not be in operation, simple in structure, efficient is lower, and being applicable to that load variations is little maybe can be with the power station of adjusting the unit operation number of units and adapt to load variations.Movable propeller turbine is that Austrian engineer's Kapp orchid is in the nineteen twenty invention, so claim again Kaplan turbine.General setting height(from bottom) is at 3-80m.Its runner bucket is generally by the oil pressure servomotor operation that is contained in the web, can do corresponding rotation by head and load variations, with the profile error between maintenance movable guide vane corner and blade rotating angle, thereby improve average efficiency, what the peak efficiency of this class water turbine had surpasses 94%.Exemplary is exactly the Ge Zhou Ba.Stator and the essentially no break-in of the current between runner flow, add the employing conical draft tube, current drainage needn't be turned in draft tube, so efficient is high, conveyance capacity is large, the specific speed height is specially adapted to head and is 3～20 meters power station, the small-sized riverbed of low water head.This water turbine is contained in the tidal power station can also realize two-way generating.This water turbine has various structures, and using maximum is bulb turbine.The generator of bulb-style unit is contained in the bulb of watertight.Its runner both can be designed to decide the oar formula, also can be designed to rotary propeller type.Wherein can be subdivided into again tubular and partly tubular.Maximum bulb turbine (rotary propeller type half through-flow) is contained in second power station, Roc island of the U.S. in the world, and 12.1 meters at head, rotating speed are 85.7 rev/mins, and runner diameter is 7.4 meters, and single-machine capacity is 54 megawatts, puts into operation in 1978.Most popular a kind of water turbine in the world, by the American engineer Mark Lewis-Francis in invention in 1849, so claim again Francis turbine.Compare with axial-flow rotary propeller type, its structure is simpler, and is stable, and peak efficiency is also than the height of axial flow, but when head and load variations were large, average efficiency was lower than the axial-flow rotary propeller type, and what the peak efficiency of this class water turbine had surpasses 95%.The applicable head scope of Francis turbine is very wide, is 5～700 meters, is 40～300 meters but adopt maximum.The runner of mixed-flow generally with low carbon steel or low alloy steel castings, perhaps adopts cast-weld construction.Be to improve anti-cavitation and resisting silt abrasion performance, can be at easy cavitation erosion position built-up welding stainless steel, or adopt stainless steel blade, sometimes also can adopt stainless steel by whole runner.Adopt cast-weld construction can reduce cost, and make channel size more accurate, water passage surface is more smooth, is conducive to improve the efficient of water turbine, can also make blade, crown and lower ring with different materials respectively.Exemplary is the Liujia Gorge of China.That Switzerland engineer Delhi is second to invention in 1956, so claim again the Baudrillard water turbine.Being contained on the web of its blade lean, along with the variation of head and load, the oil pressure servomotor operation blade in the web is around the corresponding rotation of its axis.Its peak efficiency slightly is lower than Francis turbine, but average efficiency is much higher than Francis turbine; Compare with the axial-flow rotary propeller water turbine, cavitation resistive property is better, and runaway speed is lower, is applicable to 40～120 meters heads.Because inclined flow turbine complex structure, cost are high, generally only should not using mixed-flow or axial flow hydraulic turbine, or just adopt when not ideal enough.This water turbine also can be used as Reversible Pump-Turbine.When it when pump operating condition starts, runner bucket can be closed into the circular cone that is bordering on sealing thereby the startup that can reduce motor load.Water turbine is a kind of dynamic power machine that water can be converted to mechanical energy.In most of the cases, this mechanical energy is converted to electric energy by generator, so water turbine is the water service that can utilize and generate electricity.
Open file (102444539A) the invention discloses a kind of water turbine, comprise the diversion pipeline, water spraying mechanism, control mechanism, braking line, main frame, automation protective system, described water turbine also comprises wireless communication section, and described wireless communication section can the various parameters that the automation protective system is measured be sent on the distance host; Be convenient to the staff working state of water turbine is analyzed, this apparatus structure is simple, and is easy to use.
Open file (102374098A) the present invention is sleeping vertical turbine, comprise casing: the side of minute upper housing is water intake, the lower casing side is water outlet, be located at the interior middle part of casing with the flow control plate in the convex that stretches out the outer axis body of casing, the vertical wheel wall of phase disjunctor is provided with the main wheel of convex-concave rotary piece, the structure of performance main wheel is huger a rotatory force, is provided with oblique type pressure plate in the interior upper end of upper housing around main wheel, is provided with support in the lower casing.The present invention utilizes sleeping vertical turbine, and the unit of a plurality of same item formulas is equipped with at the interval on same baric flow pipeline, utilizes the pressure energy of water to be converted to the larger efficient of electric energy performance.
The draft amount of impeller diminished and causes its water displacement not enough when above-mentioned open file deficiency was that water level in the winter time reduces.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of turbine impeller of adjustable vane height, the problem of insufficient water when solving low water level.
For achieving the above object, technological scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of turbine impeller of adjustable vane height, include blade and impeller housing, it is characterized in that: described blades installation is on impeller housing, blade and impeller housing joint cover have gear, and this gear is connected with impeller middle spindle, cover has big envelope on the impeller middle spindle, and this big envelope bottom is screwed and is connected with tooth bar, the engaged gears on this tooth bar and the blade.
Preferably, impeller housing is provided with the circular mounting hole, and blade pass is crossed the circular mounting hole and is installed in impeller housing.
Preferably, inboard, circular mounting hole also is provided with retaining ring, and blade pass is crossed fixing pin and is fixed on the retaining ring.
Preferably, on average be provided with four blades on the impeller housing.
Preferably, the impeller center is provided with a fixed block.
Preferably, impeller middle spindle is fixed on the fixed block at impeller center.
Preferably, gear is installed on the fixed block by stationary axle.
Preferably, retaining ring is installed on the fixed block by stationary axle.
Preferably, have four mounting holes on the fixed block, respectively the mounting hole on the corresponding impeller housing.
Beneficial effect
The problem of insufficient water when the invention solves low water level, when water level is high, can be with the horizontal sextant angle downward modulation of blade, when water level is low, the horizontal sextant angle of blade can be raised, the problem of discharge capacity deficiency when having solved traditional turbine impeller water level is low in the winter time, and the present invention is simple and practical, cheap, have great market popularization value.
Description of drawings
For further specifying the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by specific embodiment, describe the impeller of realizing adjustable vane height of the present invention in detail.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is vertical cross-section figure of the present invention.
The 1-impeller housing; The 2-blade; The 3-gear; The 4-impeller middle spindle; The 5-big envelope; The 6-tooth bar; The 7-fixed block; The 8-retaining ring
Embodiment
The principal element that affects water turbine water displacement size has two, the one, the water level height, the 2nd, blade facade height, the draft amount of impeller diminished and causes its water displacement not enough when water level reduced in the winter time, the present invention provides a kind of turbine impeller of adjustable vane height in order to solve the low few problem of water displacement of water level in winter.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, big envelope 5 of the present invention has been screwed four tooth bars 6, this tooth bar 6 and gear 3 interlocks that are connected and control the rotation of blade 2 facades, big envelope 5 is set on the impeller middle spindle 4, can only move in Z-direction, namely when adjusting big envelope 5 height, blade 2 can carry out the facade rotation with the variable height of big envelope 5, and then affect the water displacement of water turbine, solved the low few problem of water displacement of water level in winter, when water level was in low level, the elevation of adjustable blade increased its draft amount.
The invention solves winter during low water level, turbine impeller blade draft amount is low and cause the problem of insufficient water, the elevation of capable of regulating turbine impeller blade of the present invention, the problem of discharge capacity deficiency when having solved traditional turbine impeller water level is low in the winter time, and the present invention is simple and practical, cheap, have great market popularization value.
Claims (9)
1. the turbine impeller of an adjustable vane height, include blade (2) and impeller housing (1), it is characterized in that: described blade (2) is installed on the impeller housing (1), blade (2) has gear (3) with impeller housing (1) joint cover, and this gear (3) is connected with impeller middle spindle (4), the upper cover of impeller middle spindle (4) has big envelope (5), this big envelope (5) bottom is screwed and is connected with tooth bar (6), gear (3) interlock on this tooth bar (6) and the blade (2).
2. the turbine impeller of a kind of adjustable vane height according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: impeller housing (1) is provided with the circular mounting hole, and blade (2) is installed in impeller housing (1) by the circular mounting hole.
3. the turbine impeller of a kind of adjustable vane height according to claim 1 is characterized in that: on average be provided with four blades (2) on the impeller housing (1).
4. the turbine impeller of a kind of adjustable vane height according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with in the heart a fixed block (8) in the impeller housing.
5. the turbine impeller of a kind of adjustable vane height according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: impeller middle spindle (4) is fixed on the fixed block (8) at impeller center.
6. the turbine impeller of a kind of adjustable vane height according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: gear (3) is installed on the fixed block (8) by stationary axle.
7. the turbine impeller of a kind of adjustable vane height according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: retaining ring (8) is installed on the fixed block (8) by stationary axle.
8. the turbine impeller of a kind of adjustable vane height according to claim 1 is characterized in that: have four mounting holes on the fixed block (8), respectively the mounting hole on the corresponding impeller housing (1).
9. the circular mounting hole of the turbine impeller of a kind of adjustable vane height according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: inboard, circular mounting hole also is provided with retaining ring (8), and blade (2) is fixed on the retaining ring (8) by fixing pin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105345555A CN102966482A (en) | 2012-12-12 | 2012-12-12 | Vane height adjustable water turbine impeller |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012105345555A CN102966482A (en) | 2012-12-12 | 2012-12-12 | Vane height adjustable water turbine impeller |
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| CN102966482A true CN102966482A (en) | 2013-03-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2012105345555A Pending CN102966482A (en) | 2012-12-12 | 2012-12-12 | Vane height adjustable water turbine impeller |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106762334A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-05-31 | 临武县晟世新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of extra low head rolling flow type hydraulic turbine |
| CN110645133A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 丁明山 | Hydraulic generator |
| CN111022246A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-17 | 广东水利电力职业技术学院（广东省水利电力技工学校） | Water turbine water head adjusting device |
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| KR20090059761A (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-11 | 주식회사 이노앤파워 | A rotor unit equiped attack angle controlled current power generator blade |
| CN102251902A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-11-23 | 中国海洋大学 | Variable-propeller-pitch water turbine and tide generating device |
| CN102384019A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-03-21 | 大连理工大学 | Nested tidal current generating set of air guide sleeve paddle-changing horizontal shaft |
| CN202266366U (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-06 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Horizontal shaft variable blade pitch tidal current energy water turbine |
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2012
- 2012-12-12 CN CN2012105345555A patent/CN102966482A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20090059761A (en) * | 2007-12-07 | 2009-06-11 | 주식회사 이노앤파워 | A rotor unit equiped attack angle controlled current power generator blade |
| CN102251902A (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2011-11-23 | 中国海洋大学 | Variable-propeller-pitch water turbine and tide generating device |
| CN102384019A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-03-21 | 大连理工大学 | Nested tidal current generating set of air guide sleeve paddle-changing horizontal shaft |
| CN202266366U (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2012-06-06 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Horizontal shaft variable blade pitch tidal current energy water turbine |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106762334A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-05-31 | 临武县晟世新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of extra low head rolling flow type hydraulic turbine |
| CN110645133A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 丁明山 | Hydraulic generator |
| CN111022246A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-17 | 广东水利电力职业技术学院（广东省水利电力技工学校） | Water turbine water head adjusting device |
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| AD01 | Patent right deemed abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20160413 |
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