CN102963914B - Method for preparing high-purity lithium carbonate from salt lake brine - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-purity lithium carbonate from salt lake brine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102963914B CN102963914B CN201210490349.9A CN201210490349A CN102963914B CN 102963914 B CN102963914 B CN 102963914B CN 201210490349 A CN201210490349 A CN 201210490349A CN 102963914 B CN102963914 B CN 102963914B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing high-purity lithium carbonate from salt lake brine. The method comprises the following basic processes in sequence: concentrating the salt lake brine to quickly separate crude lithium carbonate; gradually alkalizing at different grades; precisely controlling the precipitating point; and carbonating to obtain high-purity lithium carbonate, wherein if the metal ion is completely precipitated, the prepared lithium carbonate has the purity up to 99.9% and can be directly applied to the production of lithium batteries; and the recovery rate of Li<+> is also up to about 80%. The method is simple in technology and process, lower in cost, and easy for industrial production; few chemical agents are used in the technology; especially, new metal ion impurity cannot be introduced while ammonia water serves as the alkali liquor; and the technological process is carried out in closed loop, so that ammonia exhausted in firing can be immediately recovered and then returned to the production line to be continuously utilized, except for the precipitated slag, and substances are not discharged to the outside any more, and as a result, no disadvantage influence is brought to the outside environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparing Quilonum Retard, particularly the method for high purity Quilonum Retard from low Mg/Li ratio salt lake brine.
Background technology
Produce in the world at present lithium salts raw material and be divided into solid mineral and liquid ore deposit two classes, mineral are carried lithium due to high energy consumption and are polluted the reasons such as large, gradually reduce, and extract lithium salts taking salt lake brine as raw material lower owing to polluting, and therefore share increases year by year.The method of extracting lithium salts from salt lake brine mainly contains the precipitator method, extraction process, electrolytic process, ion exchange method etc., wherein maximum to produce the method for basic lithium salts Quilonum Retard, but aforesaid method all must first be produced crude salt, and then it is further purified, and all difficult suitability for industrialized production that forms, its major cause is technological process poor operability, long flow path, and product cost is higher.Along with pure Lithium Carbonate constantly expands in the range of application of high-tech area, also growing to its demand both at home and abroad, therefore, the pure Lithium Carbonate of exploitation high added value is imperative.Therefore, solve the continuous technical barrier that extracts pure Lithium Carbonate from salt lake brine and seem most important.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of from the salt lake saline of low Mg/Li ratio the method for high purity Quilonum Retard.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A method for high purity Quilonum Retard from low Mg/Li ratio salt lake brine, comprises following processing step:
1) salt lake brine is carried out after evaporation concentration to crystallization Crude lithium Carbonate crystal;
2) Crude lithium Carbonate crystal is dissolved in to the acid solution of measuring ratio, adjust pH to 1~2, remove by filter the throw out of boracic, silt;
3) to step 2) add alkali lye in gained filtrate, adjust pH to 4~5.2, remove by filter the throw out of iron content and aluminium;
4) in step 3) gained filtrate, add alkali lye, adjust pH to 7~9, remove by filter phosphorous, calcium, zinc and plumbous throw out;
5) in step 4) gained filtrate, add alkali lye, adjust pH to 12~12.4, remove by filter the throw out containing magnesium and calcium;
6) in step 5) gained filtrate, add excessive volatile salt, urea, bicarbonate of ammonia or pass into saturated carbonic acid gas as precipitation agent, reaction is precipitated Quilonum Retard, after hot wash, calcination, obtains pure Lithium Carbonate.
Preferably, step 1) adopts ultrasonic assisting crystallisation.Ultrasonic frequency is preferably 20~40kHz.
Preferably, the magnesium lithium mass ratio of salt lake brine is not more than 2.
Preferably, step 2) in acid solution be at least one in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid.
Preferably, the alkali lye adding is at least one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor.
A method for high purity Quilonum Retard from low Mg/Li ratio salt lake brine, is characterized in that: comprise following processing step:
1) salt lake brine is carried out, after evaporation concentration, utilize ultrasonic assisting crystallisation, separate out Crude lithium Carbonate crystal, ultrasonic frequency is 20~40kHz;
2) Crude lithium Carbonate crystal is dissolved in to the acid solution of measuring ratio, adjust pH to 1~2, remove by filter the throw out of boracic, silt;
3) to step 2) add alkali lye in gained filtrate, adjust successively pH to 4.1 and 5.2, remove by filter respectively the throw out of iron content and aluminium;
4) in step 3) gained filtrate, add alkali lye, adjust successively pH to 7,8 and 9, remove by filter respectively phosphorous, calcium, zinc and plumbous throw out;
5) in step 4) gained filtrate, add alkali lye, adjust pH to 12.4, remove by filter the throw out containing magnesium and calcium;
6) in step 5) gained filtrate, add excessive volatile salt, urea, bicarbonate of ammonia or pass into saturated carbonic acid gas as precipitation agent, reaction is precipitated Quilonum Retard, after hot wash, calcination, obtains pure Lithium Carbonate.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention utilizes the continuous high purity Quilonum Retard of low Mg/Li ratio salt lake brine, adopt classification progressively to alkalize, accurately control the method for set point, last carbonating, make metallic impurity ion precipitation complete, the Quilonum Retard purity of preparation is not less than 99.9%, reach cell-grade and require (99.5%), without being further purified the production that can be directly used in lithium cell.Meanwhile, the inventive method Li
+the rate of recovery also up to 80% left and right, further reduced the production cost of product.
Technique process of the present invention is simple, and cost is lower, is easy to suitability for industrialized production;
The chemical reagent using in technique of the present invention is few, when particularly alkali lye used is ammoniacal liquor, can not introduce the impurity of new metal ion, and technical process is close loop maneuver, except the slag of precipitation, after the ammonia that calcination is discharged absorbs immediately, turn back in processing line and continue to use, no longer discharge any material to the external world, therefore environment does not cause disadvantageous effect to external world.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of high purity Quilonum Retard.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further set forth the present invention, technical process is as shown in Figure 1.
Following examples are the technique of high purity Quilonum Retard from the low Mg/Li ratio salt lake brine in Zha Buye plateau, and the constituent content in this salt lake brine is Li
+0.12 wt%, B
3+0.2 wt%, Na
+14.17wt%, K
+3.96 wt%, Mg
2+0.001wt%, Ca
2+, Cl
-19.63wt%, SO
4 2-4.35wt% etc., wherein Mg/Li ratio is 0.008.Certainly, bittern used can also be the bittern of other low Mg/Li ratios, requires its magnesium lithium mass ratio to be not more than 2.The alkali lye adding is at least one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor, be preferably ammoniacal liquor or other volatile alkalis, in order to avoid introduce too much impurity, and, the ammonia of discharging in the calcination step of post precipitation Quilonum Retard can be absorbed into ammoniacal liquor, be back in processing line and re-use as alkali lye.
Following water is in steps pure water or deionized water.
embodiment 1
1) Tibet Zha Buye bittern is introduced to solar pond and carry out classification spontaneous evaporation, obtain highly enriched brine solution, it is that 33kHz, power are the crystallizer of the ultrasonic rocking equipment of 250W, 4L that brine solution introducing is furnished with to frequency, be sown into crystal seed, utilize ultrasonic assisting crystallisation, after having evaporated, be cooled to normal temperature, the Crude lithium Carbonate crystal that acquisition purity is 68~76%;
2) Crude lithium Carbonate crystal is dissolved in the hydrochloric acid of 20wt% of metering ratio, with Li
+the hydrochloric acid of equivalent, to dissolve the Li in Crude lithium Carbonate crystal
+, the then pH to 1 of regulator solution~2, remove by filter the insolubles of boracic, silt and other materials;
3) in step 2) add ammoniacal liquor in gained filtrate, regulator solution pH to 4.1 and 5.2, reaches iron, aluminum precipitation terminal respectively, and agitation and filtration is with except de-iron and aluminium impurity;
4) continue to add ammoniacal liquor in step 3) gained filtrate, regulator solution pH to 7 respectively, 8 and 9, reach phosphorus, calcium, zinc and plumbous precipitation terminal, agitation and filtration is to remove the impurity such as dephosphorization, calcium, zinc and lead;
5) continue to add ammoniacal liquor in step 4) gained filtrate, regulator solution pH to 12.4, reaches magnesium precipitate terminal, and further deliming, and agitation and filtration is to remove the impurity such as magnesium, calcium;
6) in step 5) gained filtrate, pass into excessive volatile salt as precipitation agent, heated and stirred, and multiple times of filtration obtains precipitation Quilonum Retard while hot, and will precipitate repeatedly hot wash, again through high temperature sintering to remove ammonium root, obtaining purity is more than 99.9% Quilonum Retard.The ammonia that calcination is discharged absorbs into ammoniacal liquor immediately, turns back in processing line and continues to use.
The rate of recovery of lithium reaches 73.26%, and through icp analysis, the purity of Quilonum Retard is 99.9086%, and icp analysis result is as follows:
?
embodiment 2
1) Tibet Zha Buye bittern is introduced to solar pond and carry out classification spontaneous evaporation, obtain highly enriched brine solution, it is that 20kHz, power are the crystallizer of the ultrasonic rocking equipment of 250W, 4L that brine solution introducing is furnished with to frequency, be sown into crystal seed, utilize ultrasonic assisting crystallisation, after having evaporated, be cooled to normal temperature, carry out rapid crystallization, obtain Crude lithium Carbonate crystal;
2) Crude lithium Carbonate crystal is dissolved in the hydrochloric acid of 20wt% of metering ratio, with Li
+the hydrochloric acid of equivalent, to dissolve Li
+, then regulator solution pH to 1~2, remove by filter the insolubles of boracic, silt and other materials;
3) in step 2) add sodium hydroxide in gained filtrate, regulator solution pH to 4.5 respectively, agitation and filtration, except impurity such as de-iron and aluminium;
4) continue to add sodium hydroxide in step 3) gained filtrate, regulator solution pH to 8 respectively, agitation and filtration, except impurity such as dephosphorization, calcium, zinc and lead;
5) continue to add sodium hydroxide in step 4) gained filtrate, regulator solution pH to 12.4, agitation and filtration, removes the impurity such as magnesium, calcium;
6) in step 5) gained filtrate, pass into excessive bicarbonate of ammonia as precipitation agent, heated and stirred, and multiple times of filtration obtains precipitation Quilonum Retard while hot, and will precipitate repeatedly washing, again through high temperature sintering to remove ammonium root, the ammonia that calcination is discharged absorbs into ammoniacal liquor immediately, turns back in processing line and continues to use as alkali lye.
The rate of recovery of lithium reaches 80.31%, and the Quilonum Retard purity of acquisition is 99.9054%.
embodiment 3
The ultrasonic concussion frequency of crystallizer is 40kHz; Acid solution adopts nitric acid, and alkali lye adopts ammoniacal liquor, and precipitation agent adopts saturated carbonic acid gas; Step 3 is adjusted pH to 5.2; Step 4 is adjusted pH to 7; Step 5 is adjusted pH to 12.Other steps are with embodiment 2.
The rate of recovery of lithium reaches 77.45%, and the purity that makes Quilonum Retard is 99.9078%.
embodiment 4
The ultrasonic concussion frequency of crystallizer is 35kHz; Acid solution adopts hydrochloric acid, and alkali lye adopts potassium hydroxide, and precipitation agent adopts volatile salt; Step 3 is adjusted pH to 4; Step 4 is adjusted pH to 9; Step 5 is adjusted pH to 12.Other steps are with embodiment 2.
The rate of recovery of lithium reaches 80.66%, and the purity that makes Quilonum Retard is 99.9075%.
The technical process that the present invention proposes is not only applicable to Zha Buye salt lake, and the salt lake brine that is also applicable to other low Mg/Li ratios extracts pure Lithium Carbonate, and technological process is workable, is therefore easy to realize industrialization; Technological process initially adopts spontaneous evaporation, utilizes sun power as main energy sources, thereby reduces production costs; In technological process, the preparation of Crude lithium Carbonate crystal adopts ultrasonic assisting crystallisation, by reasonable control ultrasonic frequency, make the carrying out that crystalline deposit is rapid and mild, and throw out can not deposit on cooling down pipe, the rate of cooling that therefore can ensure system is uniformly distributed, it is upper that ultrasonic assisting crystallisation can also be delivered to tube bank by concussion hardware, and crystallization is not deposited on equipment installation, is therefore a kind of green antiscale crystallization technique; Technological process adopts classification progressively to alkalize, accurately control the method for set point, last carbonating, can precipitate impurity as much as possible, finally just adopts volatile salt, urea, bicarbonate of ammonia or CO simultaneously
2deng precipitation agent precipitation Quilonum Retard, not only can avoid Quilonum Retard and other carbonate depositions, as iron carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate form co-precipitation, cause the waste of Quilonum Retard, and do not introduce other impurity, therefore purity is guaranteed; In addition, technical process is close loop maneuver, and except the slag of precipitation, the ammonia that calcination goes out turns back to after can absorbing immediately in processing line and continues to use, and no longer discharges any material to the external world, and therefore environment does not cause disadvantageous effect to external world.
Claims (5)
1. a method for high purity Quilonum Retard in salt lake brine, comprises following processing step:
1) salt lake brine is carried out after evaporation concentration, adopt ultrasonic assisting crystallisation to separate out Crude lithium Carbonate crystal;
2) Crude lithium Carbonate crystal is dissolved in to the acid solution of measuring ratio, adjust pH to 1~2, remove by filter the throw out of boracic, silt;
3) to step 2) add alkali lye in gained filtrate, adjust pH to 4~5.2, remove by filter the throw out of iron content and aluminium;
4) in step 3) gained filtrate, add alkali lye, adjust pH to 7~9, remove by filter phosphorous, calcium, zinc and plumbous throw out;
5) in step 4) gained filtrate, add alkali lye, adjust pH to 12~12.4, remove by filter the throw out containing magnesium and calcium;
6) in step 5) gained filtrate, add excessive volatile salt, urea, bicarbonate of ammonia or pass into saturated carbonic acid gas as precipitation agent, reaction is precipitated Quilonum Retard, after hot wash, calcination, obtains pure Lithium Carbonate;
The magnesium lithium mass ratio of described salt lake brine is not more than 2.
2. the method for high purity Quilonum Retard according to claim 1, is characterized in that: ultrasonic frequency is 20~40kHz.
3. the method for high purity Quilonum Retard according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) in acid solution be at least one in sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid.
4. the method for high purity Quilonum Retard according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the alkali lye adding is at least one in sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammoniacal liquor.
5. a method for high purity Quilonum Retard in salt lake brine, is characterized in that: comprise following processing step:
1) salt lake brine is carried out, after evaporation concentration, utilize ultrasonic assisting crystallisation, separate out Crude lithium Carbonate crystal, ultrasonic frequency is 20~40kHz;
2) Crude lithium Carbonate crystal is dissolved in to the acid solution of measuring ratio, adjust pH to 1~2, remove by filter the throw out of boracic, silt;
3) to step 2) add alkali lye in gained filtrate, adjust successively pH to 4.1 and 5.2, remove by filter respectively the throw out of iron content and aluminium;
4) in step 3) gained filtrate, add alkali lye, adjust successively pH to 7,8 and 9, remove by filter respectively phosphorous, calcium, zinc and plumbous throw out;
5) in step 4) gained filtrate, add alkali lye, adjust pH to 12.4, remove by filter the throw out containing magnesium and calcium;
6) in step 5) gained filtrate, add excessive volatile salt, urea, bicarbonate of ammonia or pass into saturated carbonic acid gas as precipitation agent, reaction is precipitated Quilonum Retard, after hot wash, calcination, obtains pure Lithium Carbonate.
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CN103318927B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2015-01-21 | 西藏金浩投资有限公司 | Method for accelerating crystallization of lithium carbonate in salt lake brine |
CN103318928B (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2014-12-03 | 西藏金浩投资有限公司 | Method and system for rapid extraction of lithium carbonate from salt lake water |
CN104386715B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2016-04-13 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | The method of low magnetic pure Lithium Carbonate is prepared with salt lake lithium salts |
CN105036159A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-11 | 韦海棉 | Method for preparing lithium carbonate with high-lithium salt lake bittern |
CN106430260B (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-11-24 | 宜春银锂新能源有限责任公司 | A kind of lepidolite prepares the preparation method of high-purity lithium carbonate |
CN109626401B (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2021-07-02 | 江西赣锋循环科技有限公司 | Method for preparing battery-grade lithium carbonate by removing boron from lithium-rich old halogen |
CN110182831A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-30 | 昌鑫生态科技(陕西)有限公司 | The technology of salt lake extraction lithium carbonate |
CN112158864A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-01 | 湖南金凯循环科技有限公司 | Method for preparing lithium carbonate by recovering lithium from waste organic lithium compound |
CN112551560B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2023-04-07 | 成都理工大学 | Method for preparing lithium carbonate by taking spodumene as raw material through combination of sulfuric acid and gas ammonia |
CN112850758A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-05-28 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Lithium extraction system and method for salt lake brine |
CN115637327B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-06-04 | 昆明理工大学 | Coupling device for extracting lithium from salt lake based on ultrasonic assistance and application method thereof |
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