CN102962567A - Flash welding shaping method for nickel-based high-temperature alloy thin-wall ring - Google Patents
Flash welding shaping method for nickel-based high-temperature alloy thin-wall ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN102962567A CN102962567A CN2012104806094A CN201210480609A CN102962567A CN 102962567 A CN102962567 A CN 102962567A CN 2012104806094 A CN2012104806094 A CN 2012104806094A CN 201210480609 A CN201210480609 A CN 201210480609A CN 102962567 A CN102962567 A CN 102962567A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flash welding shaping method for a nickel-based high-temperature alloy thin-wall ring. The method comprises the following steps of: placing a D-shaped ring blank into a welding machine, closing the opening of the D-shaped ring blank, applying a voltage of 7-18V to the space between the two poles of the welding machine, heating and melting the left and right end faces of the opening of the ring blank through the heating of flashing current of which the current density is 30-200 A/mm<2> to form a lintel, and exploding to form flash; under the condition that flash burning loss speed of the ring blank is 2.0-4.0mm/s, driving the right end face of the ring blank to feed at an increasing speed to the left end face at the initial speed of 1.0-2.0mm/s and the acceleration of 0.4-0.8mm/s<2> to ensure that the distance between the left and right end faces is less than or equal to 8 millimeters; and after flashing is completed, driving the right side straight edge of the ring blank to move towards the left side straight edge of the ring blank at a high speed, colliding the left and right end faces under the action of an upsetting force of 13-18KN to form a flash welding thin-wall ring, and maintaining pressure for 15-25 seconds under the action of the upsetting force. According to the method, a flashing process can be performed continuously and stably, so that the welding seam quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method, particularly related to the flash welding manufacturing process of nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring.
Background technology
Along with the increase of the industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, boats and ships, gas turbine, wind energy, nuclear energy and bearing to the ring demand, the ring that adopts traditional milling method to be shaped is large owing to machine-finish allowance, stock utilization is low, not only waste a large amount of materials, but also make the cost of ring high.And the ring of employing Flash Butt Welding explained hereafter, it is few that machine adds surplus, and stock utilization is high, and cost also reduces thereupon greatly, is conducive to make ring to be shaped towards the Precision Forming Technology future development.
On November 3rd, 1999, disclosed Chinese invention patent specification CN 1233548A disclosed a kind of automobile, motorcycle aluminium alloy wheel Flash Butt Welding technique, this technique for the technological process that wheel adopts is: pre-treatment → welding condition setting → clamping workpiece → flash of light → upset → pressurize → release clamp → finishing, solved the welding forming technical problem of aluminum-alloy wheel ring, described wheel is the thin-walled ring.But, adopting flash welding technique welding thin-walled ring for example in the process of nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring, if the distance between the both ends of the surface of ring base commissure is controlled and badly will be caused flash of light to end, carry out and weldquality thereby affect continuing of welding, also can cause weldment to scrap when serious.
Summary of the invention
When the technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of the welding between the both ends of the surface of commissure by maintaining a certain distance to realize the flash welding manufacturing process of nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring, the method can make ring carry out constantly in the flash welding process, thereby improves welding quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the flash welding manufacturing process of nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring of the present invention, its technical scheme may further comprise the steps:
It is the flash butt welder of 1000KVA that nickel base superalloy D shape with opening is encircled base threading power, and the straight flange of its opening part arranged on left and right sides is clamped by the clamping force of the electroded clamping device of the arranged on left and right sides of described welding machine with 7KN～10KN respectively;
Between the arranged on left and right sides electrode of described flash butt welder, apply the voltage of 7～18V, start mobile platen and drive right side clamping device left and right sides parallel on support, the left and right both ends of the surface of D type ring base opening part are contacted rapidly, separate rapidly again, form interrupted flash of light left and right both ends of the surface are carried out preheating, described left and right both ends of the surface contact and separately after 50～80 times, each conduction time 0.02s, described left and right both ends of the surface are heated to respectively 1000 ± 10 ℃;
The right side straight flange that starts described welding machine driving D shape ring base moves the opening closure that makes described ring base towards left side straight flange direction, apply the weldingvoltage of 7V～18V at two inter-stages of described welding machine, making the left side of described ring base opening part and the tiny contact point on the right side is 30 A/mm by current density
2～200 A/mm
2Heating fusing behind the flashing current, high speed is outwards sprayed and is formed flash of light after forming the liquid lintel that connects the two ends metal and explosion occuring, and the flash of light scaling loss speed between described left and right both ends of the surface is 2.0mm～4.0 mm/s; The right side that then drives described ring base opening part towards the left side with initial velocity and the 0.4mm/s of 1.0mm/s ~ 2.0mm/s
2～0.8mm/s
2Acceleration do to accelerate feed motion, constantly form liquid lintel and constantly explosion between described left side and the right side, distance≤8mm between described left side and the right side, the flash of light process continues to carry out, until through reaching predetermined flash loss 15mm～25mm after the flash time of 6s～8s, the flash of light process finishes, and is glistened between left side after burning and the right side by the very thin motlten metal covering of one deck;
The right side straight flange that drives D type ring base with the speed of 80 mm/s～120mm/s at a high speed to the left the straight flange direction move, described right side and left side after being burnt by flash of light impinged upon together under the upset force effect of 13KN～18KN, and described ring base is configured as flash welding thin-walled ring by upset;
Described thin-walled ring is taking apart from welding machine behind pressurize 15s～25s under the effect of upset force.
In the flash of light process, the right side of described D type ring base opening part is as follows to the relation between initial feed speed, flash of light acceleration and the flash of light scaling loss speed of left side:
V
1---flash of light scaling loss speed (mm/s);
V
0---the initial velocity (mm/s) the when right side of D type ring base opening part is to the left side feeding in the flash of light process;
A---flash of light acceleration (mm/s
2);
Described nickel base superalloy is preferably the GH4169 alloy.
The axial cross section size of described ring is 65mm * 30mm to the maximum.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The flash welding manufacturing process of nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring of the present invention, left side and the distance between the right side of D type ring base opening part must be less than or equal to certain value in welding process, the guarantee contact point constantly is melted and is gone out by the flash of light explosion, and this is the necessary condition that motlten metal forms lintel.Adopting power for the present invention is the flash butt welder of 1000KVA, and under given technological parameter condition, this certain value equals 8mm, therefore, distance between described left side and the right side is necessary≤8mm, and guarantee flash of light process continues to carry out, and improves welding quality; If the distance between described left side and the right side is greater than 8mm, motlten metal just can't form lintel, causes flash of light to end thereby cause the flash of light process open circuit conditions to occur, affects the welding progress and might cause weldment to scrap.
In the flash of light process, because the right side of D type ring base opening part is to the feed speed V of left side
2Increase gradually along with the time, and flash of light scaling loss speed V
1Under given technological parameter condition, be constant, therefore, flash of light beginning initial stage V
2＜V
1, the spacing between described left side and the right side constantly increases, and spacing=8mm between described left side and right side has reached the critical value that motlten metal forms lintel, V
2=V
1If continue at V this moment
2＜V
1Condition under continue flash of light, will cause the spacing between described left side and the right side〉8mm, just can't form lintel between described left side and the right side and produce and open circuit, flash of light is ended.Therefore, after the spacing between described left side and the right side reaches 8mm, must be at V
2V
1Condition under continue flash of light, spacing between described left side and the right side is progressively dwindled, make the flash of light process be continued and stably carry out, covered by the very thin motlten metal of one deck until the flash of light process finishes the contact-making surface of described left and right both ends of the surface.
If described right side is V to the initial velocity of left side feeding
0, then have:
Formula is 1.: V
2=V
0+ a t;
Because the distance that described left and right end face flash of light scaling loss is fallen is V
1T, described right side to the feeding distance of left side is
, make the distance≤8mm between described left side and the right side, then have:
Formula is 2.:
Spacing=8mm between described left side and right side has reached the critical value that motlten metal forms lintel, then has:
Formula is 3.: V
2=V
1
By above-mentioned formula 1.～3. formula can derive:
Therefore, in the flash of light process, if the right side of D type ring base opening part is satisfied with flash of light scaling loss speed towards initial feed speed, the flash of light acceleration of left side
, described ring is carried out in the flash welding process sustainedly and stably, obtain well behaved weld part.
Nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring take the trade mark as GH4169 is example, after heat treatment detect the room temperature tensile performance of this alloy thin-wall ring weld part, its tensile strength is 1180MPa(greater than the 1152MPa of design instructions for use), elongation after fracture be 7%(greater than the design instructions for use 6%).
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that D type ring base is put into flash butt welder.
Fig. 2 is the flash of light stage schematic diagram of D type ring base.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram after the flash of light of D type ring base opening part finishes.
Fig. 4 is the upset schematic diagram of D type ring base opening part.
Fig. 5 is the thin-walled ring schematic diagram of welding forming.
The specific embodiment
The flash welding manufacturing process of implementing nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring of the present invention need to provide the equipment such as flash butt welder, manipulator.The nickel base superalloy of the below take China's material trademark as GH4169 describes the specific embodiment of the method in detail as example:
The main chemical elements content (percentage by weight) of this alloy is: C content≤0.08%, contain Cr amount 17.0%～21.0%, ni content 50.0%～55.0%, contain Co amount≤1.0%, contain Mo amount 2.80%～3.30%, contain Al amount 0.30%～0.70%, contain Ti amount 0.75%～1.15%, contain Nb amount 4.75%～5.50%, contain B amount≤0.006%, contain Mg amount≤0.01%, contain Mn amount≤0.35%, si content≤0.35%, P content≤0.015%, contain S amount≤0.015%, contain Cu amount≤0.30%, contain Ca amount≤0.01%, contain Pb amount≤0.0005%, contain Se amount≤0.0003%, surplus is Fe.
The flash welding forming technology step of this alloy thin-wall ring is as follows:
Step 1: installation.As shown in Figure 1, it is the flash butt welder of 1000KVA that GH4169 alloy D shape with opening is encircled base threading power, described D shape ring base is comprised of left side straight flange 101, right side straight flange 102 and arc-shaped side 103, side at its opening 110 places corresponding to left side straight flange 101 has left side 111, has right side 112 corresponding to a side of right side straight flange 102.During installation, the left side straight flange 101 of described D type ring base is put in the left side clamping device 10 of flash butt welder, upper clamp 11 and lower clamp 12(electrode by left side clamping device 10) respectively from the upper and lower end face clamping left side straight flange 101 of left side straight flange 101, clamping force is 7KN～10KN; The right side straight flange 102 of described D type ring base is put in the right side clamping device 20 of flash butt welder, upper clamp 21 and lower clamp 22(electrode by right side clamping device 20) respectively the upper and lower end face from right side straight flange 102 clamp right side straight flange 102, clamping force is 7KN～10KN, and upper and lower end face and the front/rear end of left side straight flange 101 and right side straight flange 102 are alignd respectively.Described left side clamping device 10 is installed on the fixed platen 30 of flash butt welder, right side clamping device 20 is installed on the mobile platen 40 of flash butt welder, fixed platen 30 and mobile platen 40 are installed on the support of flash butt welder, mobile platen 40 can drive right side clamping device 20 on support towards fixed platen 30 directions back and forth parallel the opening 110 of D type ring base is opened or is closed.
Step 2: preheating.At clamp 12(electrode under the left side of flash butt welder) with the right side under clamp 22(electrode) two inter-stages apply the voltage of 7～18V, starting mobile platen 40 drive right side clamping devices 20 left and right sides parallel on support makes the left side 111 at opening 110 places of D type ring base contact rapidly with right side 112, separate rapidly again, form interrupted flash of light preheating is carried out in left side 111 and right side 112, described opening 110 is closed and separately after 50～80 times, each conduction time 0.02s, described left side 111 is heated to respectively 1000 ± 10 ℃ with right side 112.
Step 3: flash of light.As shown in Figure 2, start mobile platen 40 and drive right side clamping devices 20 and on support, move towards the fixed platen direction, make the left side 111 at opening 110 places of D type ring base contact after-opening 110 with right side 112 and be in closure state; Apply the weldingvoltage of 7V～18V at two inter-stages of flash butt welder, the tiny contact point on described left side 111 and the right side 112 is because current density is arranged is 30 A/mm
2～200 A/mm
2Flashing current is by forming resistance and heating, the metal of these contact points is melted very soon, form the liquid " lintel " that connects the two ends metal, these liquid " lintel " explosion under electricity, heat, power acting in conjunction, outwards spray to form at a high speed and glisten, the flash of light scaling loss speed between described left and right both ends of the surface is 2.0 mm～4.0mm/s; To move the right side 112 that makes D type ring base opening 110 places towards the fixed platen direction 111 be that 1.0mm/s ~ 2.0mm/s, acceleration are 0.4mm/s as initial velocity to the left side to mobile platen 40 afterwards
2～0.8mm/s
2The acceleration feed motion, constantly form " lintel " and constantly explosion between described left side 111 and the right side 112, distance between described left side 111 and the right side 112 remains≤8mm, the flash of light process continues to carry out, until through reaching predetermined flash loss 15mm～25mm after the flash time of 6s～8s, the flash of light process finishes, as shown in Figure 3, left side 111' after the quilt flash of light is burnt and the both ends of the surface contact-making surface of right side 112' are covered by the very thin motlten metal of one deck, both ends of the surface contact-making surface temperature reaches the fusing point of metal, and tends towards stability evenly.
In the flash of light process, for keeping the flash of light process to continue and stably carry out, 111 initial feed speed, flash of light acceleration should mate mutually with flash of light scaling loss speed to the left side in the right side 112 at D type ring base opening 110 places, that is:
V
1---flash of light scaling loss speed (mm/s);
V
0---the initial velocity (mm/s) the when right side of D type ring base opening part is to the left side feeding in the flash of light process;
A---flash of light acceleration (mm/s
2);
Because the power of flash butt welder is certain value, after having set welding parameter, the energy that flash butt welder applies welding end surface in the flash of light process also is certain value, and therefore, in the situation of given material, flash of light scaling loss speed and flash of light acceleration also are certain values.
Step 4: upset.As shown in Figure 4, after flash of light finishes, make mobile platen 40 drive right side clamping devices 20 on support towards the speed high-speed mobile of fixed platen direction with 80mm/s～120mm/s, left side 111' after D type ring base is burnt by flash of light and right side 112' both ends of the surface impinge upon together under the upset force F of 13KN～18KN effect, motlten metal between the described both ends of the surface and metal oxide are all squeezed surface of the work, left side 111' and right side 112' two contact-making surfaces produce plastic deformation make two on the end face metal and metal between close contact, D type ring base is configured as shown in Figure 5 flash welding thin-walled ring 200 by upset, and described thin-walled ring 200 has weld part 201.
Step 5: pressurize.The thin-walled ring 200 of welding forming is kept 15s～25s under the effect of upset force, fully just can take apart from flash butt welder after the combination until weld seam.
Adopt the GH4169 alloy thin-wall ring of said method welding forming, its axial cross section size is 65mm * 30mm to the maximum, and wherein, 65mm refers to ring height vertically, and 30mm refers to ring wall thickness radially.
Claims (4)
1. the flash welding manufacturing process of a nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
It is the flash butt welder of 1000KVA that nickel base superalloy D shape with opening is encircled base threading power, and the straight flange of its opening part arranged on left and right sides is clamped by the clamping force of the electroded clamping device of the arranged on left and right sides of described welding machine with 7KN～10KN respectively;
Between the arranged on left and right sides electrode of described flash butt welder, apply the voltage of 7～18V, start mobile platen and drive right side clamping device left and right sides parallel on support, the left and right both ends of the surface of D type ring base opening part are contacted rapidly, separate rapidly again, form interrupted flash of light left and right both ends of the surface are carried out preheating, described left and right both ends of the surface contact and separately after 50～80 times, each conduction time 0.02s, described left and right both ends of the surface are heated to respectively 1000 ± 10 ℃;
The right side straight flange that starts described welding machine driving D shape ring base moves the opening closure that makes described ring base towards left side straight flange direction, apply the weldingvoltage of 7V～18V at two inter-stages of described welding machine, making the left side of described ring base opening part and the tiny contact point on the right side is 30 A/mm by current density
2～200 A/mm
2Heating fusing behind the flashing current, high speed is outwards sprayed and is formed flash of light after forming the liquid lintel that connects the two ends metal and explosion occuring, and the flash of light scaling loss speed between described left and right both ends of the surface is 2.0mm～4.0mm/s; The right side that then drives described ring base opening part towards the left side with initial velocity and the 0.4mm/s of 1.0mm/s ~ 2.0mm/s
2～0.8mm/s
2Acceleration do to accelerate feed motion, constantly form liquid lintel and constantly explosion between described left side and the right side, distance≤8mm between described left side and the right side, the flash of light process continues to carry out, until through reaching predetermined flash loss 15mm～25mm after the flash time of 6s ~ 8s, the flash of light process finishes, and is glistened between left side after burning and the right side by the very thin motlten metal covering of one deck;
The right side straight flange that drives D type ring base with the speed of 80 mm/s～120mm/s at a high speed to the left the straight flange direction move, described right side and left side after being burnt by flash of light impinged upon together under the upset force effect of 13KN～18KN, and described ring base is configured as flash welding thin-walled ring by upset;
Described thin-walled ring is taking apart from welding machine behind pressurize 15s～25s under the effect of upset force.
2. the flash welding manufacturing process of nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described flash of light scaling loss speed meets the following conditions:
V
1---flash of light scaling loss speed (mm/s);
V
0---the initial velocity (mm/s) the when right side of D type ring base opening part is to the left side feeding in the flash of light process;
A---flash of light acceleration (mm/s
2).
3. the flash welding manufacturing process of nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described nickel base superalloy is GH4169.
4. the flash welding manufacturing process of each described nickel base superalloy thin-walled ring according to claim 1～3 is characterized in that: the axial cross section size maximum of described ring is 65mm * 30mm.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104526142A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-22 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Flash welding forming method of [alpha]-[beta] two-phase titanium alloy large-section ring piece |
| CN104607781A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-05-13 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Flash welding forming method for stainless steel large-section ring piece |
| CN104607782A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-05-13 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Flash welding forming method for cobalt-based high-temperature alloy large-section annular piece |
| CN104625373A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Method for forming alpha-phase titanium alloy large-cross-section ring piece through flash welding |
| CN104625374A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Flash welding forming method of iron-based high-temperature alloy ring part with large section |
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| CN104526142A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-22 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Flash welding forming method of [alpha]-[beta] two-phase titanium alloy large-section ring piece |
| CN104607781A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-05-13 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Flash welding forming method for stainless steel large-section ring piece |
| CN104607782A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-05-13 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Flash welding forming method for cobalt-based high-temperature alloy large-section annular piece |
| CN104625373A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Method for forming alpha-phase titanium alloy large-cross-section ring piece through flash welding |
| CN104625374A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-05-20 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | Flash welding forming method of iron-based high-temperature alloy ring part with large section |
| CN104607781B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-08-24 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | The flash welding manufacturing process of rustless steel heavy in section ring |
| CN104607782B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-08-24 | 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 | The flash welding manufacturing process of cobalt base superalloy heavy in section ring |
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