CN102960252A - Cultivating method of globe artichoke - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a cultivating method of globe artichoke. The cultivating method comprises the following steps in sequence: selecting an explant, sterilizing the explant, inducing cluster buds, proliferating the cluster buds, carrying out rooting culture, acclimating test-tube seedlings, and transplanting the test-tube seedlings; and the survive rate is up to 90%. The cultivating method of globe artichoke comprises the following advantages: the characteristic of easiness in tillering of the globe artichoke is utilized; the tillered stem tips of the globe artichoke which is high in agronomic trait and free from virus are directly picked from the land and used as the explant, and a high-efficiency and stable globe artichoke reproduction system is established by virtue of the adventitious buds in the stem tips, therefore, lots of virus-free seedlings can be produced, the high-quality seedlings which meet the merchandise requirements and suitable for being locally cultivated are selected and cultivated, therefore, high advantages of localization process, disease resistance and stress resistance are brought to outside alien crops such as the globe artichoke, and as a result, the standard and mass production of the globe artichoke can be realized. The cultivating method is simple, easy to implement, and is an efficient and stable seedling breeding method, according to the method, the cost is low.

Description

The breeding method of artichoke

Technical field

The invention belongs to biological technical field, particularly relate to a kind of breeding method of artichoke.

Background technology

Artichoke claims again French lily, lotus lily, cynara scolymus, arithoke, ball Ji etc., is a kind of perennial rosette form herbaceous plant during the composite family cynara scolymus belongs to, and edible for people with immature bud, residual residue is used as animal feed.Artichoke is nutritious, contains multiple composition to the human body beneficial, has to promote digestion, protection liver, regulating lipid metabolism, the effect such as hypoglycemic, anti-oxidant, is described as " kings of vegetables ", and supply falls short of demand in the international market, has good development prospect.Artichoke originates in Mediterranean, and 19th century were imported China into, introducing Changde City success in 2005.In China, artichoke is cultivated with seed seedling-raising, because climate difference, artichoke is planted masters such as Hunan, Yunnan and distinguished the not result of only blooming, so that seed all needs import every year.Not only the seed import formalities are various for this, length consuming time, and price is high, often misses the farming season.Simultaneously, artichoke is cross pollinated plant, and reproduction rate is low, easily variation, and disease spread is fast, and field plant type and fruit form variation mix in the production cultivation, and commodity rate up to standard is low.

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of artichoke, artichoke disease resistance and the resistance cultivated by this method have very strong advantage, and cost is low.

The breeding method of a kind of artichoke of the present invention comprises the steps:

(1), choosing of explant: all can take a sample in the land for growing field crops annual April in October to next year, and good, virus-free artichoke perennial root seedling or tiller bud done explant to adopt economical character;

(2), the sterilization of explant: the explant material that will collect from the land for growing field crops is rinsed well with flowing water, cuts first large blade, again with blade prune blade and tissue around the stem apex, goes to desinfection chamber after the stem apex section of leaving and taking 3～4cm is cleaned; On superclean bench, process 10s with 75% alcohol first, cleans 2～3 times after, again with 0.1% mercuric chloride processing, 8～10min, behind the usefulness aseptic water washing 4～5 times, place on the sterilized filter paper for subsequent use behind the suck dry moisture;

(3), Bud induction: the stem apex section after will sterilizing is cut into the part access bud inducing culture MS+1 mg/L 6 – BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+56.5 mg/L Na of 0.5cm ₂HPO ₄In+100 mg/L inositol+100mg/L TYR; After 3～5 days, incision is expanded, green, elongation that stem apex begins to turn; After 10～15 days, axillalry bud begins to sprout, elongation; After 30 days, form the Multiple Buds of at least 8 blades;

(4), the propagation of Multiple Buds: the Multiple Buds that induces is cut into sprout tuber with 2～3 leaves, rejects the tissue of brownization, and change proliferated culture medium MS+2 mg/L 6 – BA+56.5 mg/L Na over to ₂HPO ₄In+100 mg/L inositol+100mg/L TYR; After 7 days, axillalry bud begins differentiation; After 15 days, can form Multiple Buds, subculture was 1 time in average 20 days, and growth coefficient is 6.2;

(5), culture of rootage: growing way is good, the leaf look dark green, the Multiple Buds of height of seedling 2～3 cm is cut into the test tube seedling with 3～4 leaves, move on the root media 1/2MS+1.0 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L β – CD+100 mg/L inositol, after 7 days, the former basic projection of stem segment base section root; After 15 days, grow new adventive root from the former base of root, rooting rate can reach 99.3%;

(6), the domestication of test tube seedling and transplanting: when the root of seedling reaches 0.5～1.0 centimetre, transplant, root is oversize to subject to damage unfavorable growth on the contrary, before transplanting in the greenhouse uncork hardening 2～3 days, afternoon and water spray at dusk is in order to improve the adaptive capacity of hardening; Before seedling is transferred to the seedbed, with running water the medium on the root system is rinsed well, soaked the seedling root 30 minutes with 1000 times of thiophanate methyls or carbendazim simultaneously, be positioned over subsequently the ventilating and cooling place and dry the deliquescing of turning white of moisture to root system, plant in the off-the-shelf matrix again, matrix is the mixture of 1: 1: 1 vermiculite of mass ratio, perlite, fine sand; The cooling of film two ends is opened in necessary ventilation, moisturizing after the cultivation when temperature is too high; Until 10～l5 days afterwards effectively leaf reach 3 and be transplanted to the land for growing field crops when above, survival rate reaches more than 90 %.

The present invention has following advantage:

The characteristics that present technique utilizes artichoke easily to tiller, good, the virus-free artichoke of directly taking economical character from the land for growing field crops stem apex of tillering is explant, utilizes the stem apex indefinite bud to set up efficient, the stable regenerating system of artichoke.Not only can produce a large amount of detoxic seedlings; seed selection meets the commodity requirement, is fit to the fine quality of local cultivation; the localization process of this external alien crop of artichoke and disease resistance and resistance there is very strong advantage, to realize artichoke standardization, large-scale production.And the present technique method is simple, cost is low, easy enforcement, is a kind of efficient, stable seedling breeding method.

Embodiment

Following embodiment can illustrate in greater detail the present invention, but does not limit in any form the present invention.

Embodiment 1:(1), choosing of explant: all can take a sample in the land for growing field crops annual April in October to next year, and good, virus-free artichoke perennial root seedling or tiller bud done explant to adopt economical character;

(2), the sterilization of explant: the explant material that will collect from the land for growing field crops is rinsed well with flowing water, cuts first large blade, again with blade prune blade and tissue around the stem apex, goes to desinfection chamber after the stem apex section of leaving and taking 3～4cm is cleaned; On superclean bench, process 10s with 75% alcohol first, cleans 2～3 times after, again with 0.1% mercuric chloride processing, 8～10min, behind the usefulness aseptic water washing 4～5 times, place on the sterilized filter paper for subsequent use behind the suck dry moisture;

(3), Bud induction: the stem apex section after will sterilizing is cut into the part access bud inducing culture MS+1 mg/L 6 – BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+56.5 mg/L Na of 0.5cm ₂HPO ₄In+100 mg/L inositol+100mg/L TYR; After 3～5 days, incision is expanded, green, elongation that stem apex begins to turn; After 10～15 days, axillalry bud begins to sprout, elongation; After 30 days, form the Multiple Buds of at least 8 blades;

(4), the propagation of Multiple Buds: the Multiple Buds that induces is cut into sprout tuber with 2～3 leaves, rejects the tissue of brownization, and change proliferated culture medium MS+2 mg/L 6 – BA+56.5 mg/L Na over to ₂HPO ₄In+100 mg/L inositol+100mg/L TYR; After 7 days, axillalry bud begins differentiation; After 15 days, can form Multiple Buds, subculture was 1 time in average 20 days, and growth coefficient is 6.2;

(5), culture of rootage: growing way is good, the leaf look dark green, the Multiple Buds of height of seedling 2～3 cm is cut into the test tube seedling with 3～4 leaves, move on the root media 1/2MS+1.0 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L β – CD+100 mg/L inositol, after 7 days, the former basic projection of stem segment base section root; After 15 days, grow new adventive root from the former base of root, rooting rate can reach 99.3%;

(6), the domestication of test tube seedling and transplanting: when the root of seedling reaches 0.5～1.0 centimetre, transplant, root is oversize to subject to damage unfavorable growth on the contrary, before transplanting in the greenhouse uncork hardening 2～3 days, afternoon and water spray at dusk is in order to improve the adaptive capacity of hardening; Before seedling is transferred to the seedbed, with running water the medium on the root system is rinsed well, soaked the seedling root 30 minutes with 1000 times of thiophanate methyls or carbendazim simultaneously, be positioned over subsequently the ventilating and cooling place and dry the deliquescing of turning white of moisture to root system, plant in the off-the-shelf matrix again, matrix is the mixture of 1: 1: 1 vermiculite of mass ratio, perlite, fine sand; The cooling of film two ends is opened in necessary ventilation, moisturizing after the cultivation when temperature is too high; Until 10～l5 days afterwards effectively leaf reach 3 and be transplanted to the land for growing field crops when above, survival rate reaches more than 90 %.

Claims (1)

1. the breeding method of artichoke is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

(1), choosing of explant: all can take a sample in the land for growing field crops annual April in October to next year, and good, virus-free artichoke perennial root seedling or tiller bud done explant to adopt economical character;

(2), the sterilization of explant: the explant material that will collect from the land for growing field crops is rinsed well with flowing water, cuts first large blade, again with blade prune blade and tissue around the stem apex, goes to desinfection chamber after the stem apex section of leaving and taking 3～4cm is cleaned; On superclean bench, process 10s with 75% alcohol first, cleans 2～3 times after, again with 0.1% mercuric chloride processing, 8～10min, behind the usefulness aseptic water washing 4～5 times, place on the sterilized filter paper for subsequent use behind the suck dry moisture;

(3), Bud induction: the stem apex section after will sterilizing is cut into the part access bud inducing culture MS+1 mg/L 6 – BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+56.5 mg/L Na of 0.5cm ₂HPO ₄In+100 mg/L inositol+100mg/L TYR; After 3～5 days, incision is expanded, green, elongation that stem apex begins to turn; After 10～15 days, axillalry bud begins to sprout, elongation; After 30 days, form the Multiple Buds of at least 8 blades;

(4), the propagation of Multiple Buds: the Multiple Buds that induces is cut into sprout tuber with 2～3 leaves, rejects the tissue of brownization, and change proliferated culture medium MS+2 mg/L 6 – BA+56.5 mg/L Na over to ₂HPO ₄In+100 mg/L inositol+100mg/L TYR; After 7 days, axillalry bud begins differentiation; After 15 days, can form Multiple Buds, subculture was 1 time in average 20 days, and growth coefficient is 6.2;

(5), culture of rootage: growing way is good, the leaf look dark green, the Multiple Buds of height of seedling 2～3 cm is cut into the test tube seedling with 3～4 leaves, move on the root media 1/2MS+1.0 mg/L NAA+1.0 mg/L β – CD+100 mg/L inositol, after 7 days, the former basic projection of stem segment base section root; After 15 days, grow new adventive root from the former base of root, rooting rate can reach 99.3%;

(6), the domestication of test tube seedling and transplanting: when the root of seedling reaches 0.5～1.0 centimetre, transplant, root is oversize to subject to damage unfavorable growth on the contrary, before transplanting in the greenhouse uncork hardening 2～3 days, afternoon and water spray at dusk is in order to improve the adaptive capacity of hardening; Before seedling is transferred to the seedbed, with running water the medium on the root system is rinsed well, soaked the seedling root 30 minutes with 1000 times of thiophanate methyls or carbendazim simultaneously, be positioned over subsequently the ventilating and cooling place and dry the deliquescing of turning white of moisture to root system, plant in the off-the-shelf matrix again, matrix is the mixture of 1: 1: 1 vermiculite of mass ratio, perlite, fine sand; The cooling of film two ends is opened in necessary ventilation, moisturizing after the cultivation when temperature is too high; Until 10～l5 days afterwards effectively leaf reach 3 and be transplanted to the land for growing field crops when above, survival rate reaches more than 90 %.