CN102956894B - A kind of preparation method of lithium iron phosphate material anode sheet - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of lithium iron phosphate material anode sheet Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of coating process of iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet.Belong to lithium ion battery preparing technical field.Its objective is the preparation method proposing a kind of ultra-fine and nano-grade lithium iron phosphate positive plate, improve positive pole coating performance, improve cell discharge performance and cycle life.Evenly, smooth surface is without particle, and surface density significantly improves, and prepared half-cell specific discharge capacity under 0.1C multiplying power is greater than 145mAh/g, and 1C multiplying power discharging specific capacity is greater than 135mAh/g in iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet coating prepared by the present invention.The present invention increases close-burning additive to improve pole piece performance mainly through optimizing formula of size and adding, and its operating procedure is simple, with low cost.Practical application for the LiFePO4 of superfine iron phosphate lithium and nanoscale has very large impetus.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lithium ion battery preparing technical field, particularly a kind of preparation method of lithium iron phosphate material anode sheet.
Background technology
LiFePO 4 (LiFePO
4) battery be the one, the fail safe that grew up in recent years good, have extended cycle life, the eco-friendly lithium ion battery of low cost.Various stand-by power supply, electric tool and electric bicycle power supply are widely used in, just in field Demonstration Application such as electric automobile, wind energy, solar energy and intelligent grids.
But as the ferric phosphate lithium cell of current commercial application, except LiFePO 4 material intrinsic performance is on except the impact of battery performance, battery preparation technique is also very large on battery performance impact, the especially preparation technology of iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet.In order to improve large multiplying power discharging property and the cryogenic property of battery, many researchers are devoted to the research of LiFePO 4 material preparation technology, expect the conductivity by means the improve LiFePO 4 material such as the fine of LiFePO 4 material, nanometer and carbon is coated, to improve multiplying power discharging property and the low temperature properties of LiFePO 4 material.These researchs achieve certain effect really, but have occurred new problem, i.e. materials processing hydraulic performance decline, and pole piece is difficult to coating, occurs that dry linting, compacted density reduce, degradation problem under battery specific energy.Meanwhile, cause battery manufacture cost to increase, thus also seriously constrain the large-scale production of ultra-fine and nano-scale lithium iron phosphate material and apply.Therefore, processing characteristics that is ultra-fine and nano lithium iron phosphate material must be solved, be especially coated with problem.
Chinese patent 200610157460.0 is by improving Painting effect by alkaline solution process current collector aluminum foil; Patent 200810031763.7 carrys out modification coating performance by the method for also adding a small amount of alkaline matter with alkaline solution process LiFePO 4 material in the slurry; 200910213426.4 be all materials LiFePO4 slurry being prepared by routine toast under an inert atmosphere and after ball milling again solubilizer manufacture pole piece; Patent 200910311361.7 uses modified acacia as binding agent; 201010207504.2 adopt the method for chemical corrosion collector and interpolation organic conductive macromolecule; 201110253249.X adopts different grain size LiFePO 4 material to prepare slurry respectively and gradation is coated into the pole piece of double-layer structure; 201110403724.7 adopt three-dimensional foam structure in-situ metal to prepare the thinking novelty of integrated electrode; These methods improve the coating performance of LiFePO4 to a certain extent, but some method may be not suitable for extensive preparation, some complicated process of preparation, some cost are higher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to find a kind of preparation method that can increase pole piece adhesive property, simple, the lower-cost lithium iron phosphate material anode sheet of technique.It is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) according to LiFePO4: conductive agent: the weight ratio of binding agent is 90: 5: 5 weighings and prepares LiFePO4, conductive agent and binder material; Wherein, the particle size range of described LiFePO 4 material is 50nm ~ 10 μm; Solvent is used to configure binding agent reinforcing agent solution and binding agent PVDF solution respectively;
(2) first even by having weighed conductive agent dry mixed, add a certain amount of solvent again, the weight ratio of conductive agent and solvent is 1: 2 ~ 1: 6, add the binding agent reinforcing agent solution prepared, be uniformly mixed, then add lithium iron phosphate positive material mixing, finally add the binder solution prepared and be uniformly mixed, and adjust to the solids content of 45% ~ 60% with solvent;
(3) slurry step (2) prepared at room temperature blade coating on the aluminium foil of clean dried;
(4) pole piece coated for step (3) is placed in vacuum drying oven, toasts at a certain temperature, obtain electrode slice.
Wherein, conductive agent preferably uses one or more the mixture in following material: acetylene black, electrically conductive graphite, CNT (carbon nano-tube), carbon nano-fiber, Graphene, polypyrrole, polythiophene; Binding agent is preferably Kynoar (PVDF); Solvent is preferably 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE (NMP).
In order to improve adhesive property further, can also the conductive agent dry mixed of above-mentioned steps 2 evenly after, add caking property reinforcing agent carry out mixed after, add stirring solvent mixing afterwards again; Caking property reinforcing agent is selected from one or more the mixture in following material: sorbitan fatty acid ester (SPAN), tetraethoxysilane, butyl silicate, tetrabutyl titanate, polyoxyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene alkene nitrile and methyl acrylate copolymer also preferably to add to be dissolved in the caking property reinforcing agent solution form be made in solvent; The consumption of caking property reinforcing agent is preferably 0.1 ~ 1wt% of LiFePO4, conductive agent and binding agent total weight.
In coating and baking procedure, the thickness of preferred aluminium foil is 20 μm, and coating thickness is: one side 20 ~ 150 μm (not comprising aluminum foil thickness); Bake out temperature is 80 ~ 120 DEG C, and drying time is 6 ~ 12 hours.
Characteristic of the present invention is: do not change existing coating process, just charging sequence is changed, and in addition, add caking property reinforcing agent, preparation technology is simple to operate, and pole piece caking property is improved.Because the general specific surface of conductive agent is larger, tap density is low, when directly adding solvent, conductive agent can waft on surface, more difficult mixing, so first that two or more different conductive agent dry mixed are even, then add a small amount of solvent wet-mixed, the so first reasonable mixing completing conductive agent; The caking property reinforcing agent solution prepared in advance is added in the conductive agent solution mixed, then, add lithium iron phosphate positive material to be in batches uniformly mixed, positive electrode and conductive agent mainly fully mix by this process, form the good continuous phase distribution of positive electrode and conductive agent, add a certain amount of solvent at this blend step according to the deployment conditions of positive electrode and adjust; On the basis that conductive agent and positive electrode mix, add the binder solution that prepared in this scattered continuous phase, further be uniformly mixed, make binding agent evenly, touch positive electrode and conductive agent more fully, form conductive agent, positive electrode and binding agent three slurry mixed system of class material fine dispersion.The adjustment of solid content is very important for varigrained positive electrode, so, in conductive agent scatter stage, LiFePO 4 of anode material scatter stage and binding agent scatter stage and the adjustment of last solid content, the addition of solvent all has difference with the difference of the difference of conductive agent kind, the difference of LiFePO 4 of anode material granularity and binding agent reinforcing agent, and solid content can not adjust to 45% ~ 60% not etc.
Compared with traditional slurry preparation section, hybrid adhesive as first in patent CN200710115518 and solvent, then join conductive agent mixing, finally add LiFePO4.Because conductive agent specific surface is large, directly dispersion may be reunited in a binder, and after LiFePO4 adds, in slurry, the dispersion of conductive agent and LiFePO4 also can be affected.Conductive agent first joins in solvent by patent CN200910191894, then adds binding agent, adds LiFePO4 more afterwards.When adding binding agent in the solvent being dispersed with conductive agent, because solution solid content is very low, binding agent molecule has larger suction-operated to conductive agent molecule, binding agent may disperse inequality, conductive agent also can be gathered near binding agent molecule in a large number, so the conductivity of this slurry system and caking property can decline.Patent CN201010253824 is first by LiFePO4, and conductive agent and a small amount of dispersant ground and mixed, add binder solution afterwards again.This dispersion process is fairly simple, add the dispersion of dispersant to positive electrode and conductive agent favourable, but because conductive agent content is less, strengthen dispersed although this process adds dispersant, but may can not clearly to the dispersion effect of conductive agent, if will both mixed effect may be better after dispersion separately.Patent CN200910064193x first will contain solution and the conductive agent mixing of dispersant, then add LiFePO4, finally add binding agent.This patent and the present invention have similar part, but the present invention has selected several different binding agent reinforcing agent, and this reinforcing agent plays good effect to the dispersion of slurry and caking property, and this is also the innovation of this patent.Patent CN200910306489 first by portion of binder and water mixing, adds conductive agent and stirs, then add LiFePO4, finally add remaining binding agent, and adjust viscosity with water.This patent uses aqueous binders, and the present invention is different with it, in addition, is added by conductive agent in the aqueous solution containing a certain amount of binding agent, has similar patent CN200710115518 conductive agent to mix uneven problem equally.
Adding of caking property reinforcing agent of the present invention can play following three aspect effects: the surface property 1) improving aluminium foil; 2) peptizaiton is played to slurry; 3) adhesive property is strengthened.Add as seen from Figure 3 the pole piece of SPAN and tetrabutyl titanate make battery chemical property be better than the chemical property of not additivated basic components, at room temperature 0.1C multiplying power discharging specific capacity is greater than 145mAh/g, 1C multiplying power discharging specific capacity is greater than 130mAh/g, and cyclicity is good.This preparation method is easy to large-scale continuous production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of the iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet that embodiment one (not using caking property reinforcing agent) is coated with.
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of the iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet that embodiment two (using SPAN80 caking property reinforcing agent) is coated with.
Fig. 3 is embodiment one (not using caking property reinforcing agent), embodiment two (using SPAN80 caking property reinforcing agent), embodiment five (using the formula of tetrabutyl titanate caking property reinforcing agent) be coated with the discharge performance curve of battery prepared by pole piece.(BASE: be embodiment one basic components; SPAN80: for embodiment two adds SPAN80; TZD: for embodiment five adds tetrabutyl titanate)
Embodiment
Be described further technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, following examples do not produce restriction to the present invention.
Embodiment one:
Prepare step that is ultra-fine and nano-scale lithium iron phosphate material positive plate as follows:
(1) according to mass ratio LiFePO4: acetylene black: electrically conductive graphite: PVDF=90: 2.5: 2.5: 5, the good 90g particle mean size of precise be approximately 2 ~ 3 μm LiFePO4 positive electrode, 2.5g acetylene black, 2.5g electrically conductive graphite and 5gPVDF; 5gPVDF NMP is mixed with the solution for later use of 45ml10%.
(2) there-necked flask that the band first load weighted 2.5g acetylene black and 2.5g electrically conductive graphite being mixed in the glassware of drying the sealing being placed in 250ml stirs, stir with the speed of 80 revs/min, add 20mlNMP gradually, continue dispersed with stirring 20 minutes, gradation adds 90g LiFePO 4 material again, stirs 30 minutes, adds the PVDF solution of 10% gradually, adding 35mlNMP again makes solid content be about 50%, stirs stopping in 30 minutes.
(3) slurry blade coating step (2) prepared, on the aluminium foil of clean dried, controls one side coating thickness at 50 μm;
(4) pole piece coated for step (3) is placed in vacuum drying oven, toasts 8 hours at 120 DEG C of temperature.
(5) become by pole piece trimming prepared by step (4) diameter to be the disk of 8mm, be to electrode with lithium, in the glove box being full of argon gas, prepare button cell.
(6) button cell prepared by step (5) is tested on electrochemical test.Carry out charge-discharge test with constant current, charging/discharging voltage is 2.5-4.2V, under room temperature, tests the discharge performance under 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C multiplying power respectively.
Embodiment two:
Prepare step that is ultra-fine and nano-scale lithium iron phosphate material positive plate as follows:
(1) according to mass ratio LiFePO4: carbon nano-tube: electrically conductive graphite: PVDF=90: 0.2: 4.8: 5, the good 90g granularity of precise be approximately 2 ~ 3 μm LiFePO4 positive electrode, 0.2g carbon nano-tube, 4.8g electrically conductive graphite and 5gPVDF; 5gPVDF NMP is mixed with the solution for later use of 45ml10%; With 5mlNMP, 0.5g sorbitan fatty acid ester (SPAN80) is mixed with solution for later use in advance.
(2) there-necked flask that the band first load weighted 0.2g carbon nano-tube and 4.8g electrically conductive graphite being mixed in the glassware of drying the sealing being placed in 250ml stirs, add 25mlNMP solvent, stir with the speed of 80 revs/min, stir the nmp solution adding the 5mlSPAN80 that (1) prepares after 20 minutes, continue stirring 20 minutes, add 10mlNMP again, dispersed with stirring 30 minutes, add 90g LiFePO 4 material gradually, stir 30 minutes, add the PVDF solution of (1) prepare 10%, adding 37mlNMP again makes solid content be about 45%, stir stopping in 30 minutes.
(3) slurry blade coating step (2) prepared, on the aluminium foil of clean dried, controls one side coating thickness at 100 μm;
(4) pole piece coated for step (3) is placed in vacuum drying oven, toasts 12 hours at 100 DEG C of temperature.
(5) become by pole piece trimming prepared by step (4) diameter to be the disk of 8mm, be to electrode with lithium, in the glove box being full of argon gas, prepare button cell.
(6) button cell prepared by step (5) is tested on electrochemical test.Carry out charge-discharge test with constant current, charging/discharging voltage is 2.5-4.2V, under room temperature, tests the discharge performance under 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C multiplying power respectively.
Embodiment three
Prepare step that is ultra-fine and nano-scale lithium iron phosphate material positive plate as follows:
(1) according to mass ratio LiFePO4: acetylene black: electrically conductive graphite: PVDF=90: 1.5: 3.5: 5, the good 90g granularity of precise is approximately the LiFePO4 positive electrode of 100nm ~ 200nm, 1.5g acetylene black, 3.5g electrically conductive graphite and 5gPVDF; 5gPVDF NMP is mixed with the solution for later use of 45ml10%; With 10ml dimethyl formamide, 0.1g polyacrylonitrile is mixed with solution for later use in advance.
(2) there-necked flask that the band first load weighted 1.5g acetylene black and 3.5g electrically conductive graphite being mixed in the glassware of drying the sealing being placed in 250ml stirs, add 10mlNMP solvent, stir with the speed of 80 revs/min, stir the dimethyl formamide solution adding 10ml polyacrylonitrile after 20 minutes, continue stirring 20 minutes, add 10mlNMP again, dispersed with stirring 30 minutes, add 90g LiFePO 4 material gradually, stir 30 minutes, add the PVDF solution of 35ml10%, make solid content be about 60%, stir stopping in 30 minutes.
(3) slurry blade coating step (2) prepared, on the aluminium foil of clean dried, controls one side coating thickness at 150 μm;
(4) pole piece coated for step (3) is placed in vacuum drying oven, toasts 12 hours at 120 DEG C of temperature.
(5) become by pole piece trimming prepared by step (4) diameter to be the disk of 8mm, be to electrode with lithium, in the glove box being full of argon gas, prepare button cell.
(6) button cell prepared by step (5) is tested on electrochemical test.Carry out charge-discharge test with constant current, charging/discharging voltage is 2.5-4.2V, under room temperature, tests the discharge performance under 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C multiplying power respectively.
Embodiment four
Prepare step that is ultra-fine and nano-scale lithium iron phosphate material positive plate as follows:
(1) according to mass ratio LiFePO4: polypyrrole: electrically conductive graphite: PVDF=90: 2.0: 3.0: 5, the good 90g granularity of precise is approximately the LiFePO4 positive electrode of 5 ~ 6um, 2.0g polypyrrole, 3.0g electrically conductive graphite and 5gPVDF; 5gPVDF NMP is mixed with the solution for later use of 45ml10%; With 10mlNMP, the tetraethoxysilane of 0.1g is mixed with solution for later use in advance.
(2) there-necked flask that the band first load weighted 2.0g polypyrrole and 3.0g electrically conductive graphite being mixed in the glassware of drying the sealing being placed in 250ml stirs, add 15mlNMP solvent, stir with the speed of 80 revs/min, stir the nmp solution adding 10ml tetraethoxysilane after 20 minutes, continue stirring 20 minutes, add 20mlNMP again, dispersed with stirring 30 minutes, add 90g LiFePO 4 material gradually, stir 30 minutes, add the PVDF solution of 45ml10%, then add 2mlNMP and make solid content be about 52%, stir stopping in 30 minutes.
(3) slurry blade coating step (2) prepared, on the aluminium foil of clean dried, controls one side coating thickness at 20 μm;
(4) pole piece coated for step (3) is placed in vacuum drying oven, toasts 10 hours at 80 DEG C of temperature.
(5) become by pole piece trimming prepared by step (4) diameter to be the disk of 2cm, be to electrode with lithium, in the glove box being full of argon gas, prepare button cell.
(6) button cell prepared by step (5) is tested on electrochemical test.Carry out charge-discharge test with constant current, charging/discharging voltage is 2.5-4.2V, under room temperature, tests the discharge performance under 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C multiplying power respectively.
Embodiment five
Prepare step that is ultra-fine and nano-scale lithium iron phosphate material positive plate as follows:
(1) according to mass ratio LiFePO4: acetylene black: polythiophene: PVDF=90: 3.5: 1.5: 5, the good 90g granularity of precise be approximately 2 ~ 3 μm LiFePO4 positive electrode, 3.5g acetylene black, 1.5g polythiophene and 5gPVDF; 5gPVDF NMP is mixed with the solution for later use of 45ml10%; With 10mlNMP, 1g tetrabutyl titanate is mixed with solution for later use in advance.
(2) there-necked flask that the band first load weighted 3.5g acetylene black and 1.5g polythiophene being mixed in the glassware of drying the sealing being placed in 250ml stirs, add 30mlNMP solvent, stir with the speed of 80 revs/min, stir the nmp solution adding 10ml tetrabutyl titanate after 20 minutes, continue stirring 20 minutes, add 10mlNMP again, dispersed with stirring 30 minutes, add 90g LiFePO 4 material gradually, stir 30 minutes, add the PVDF solution of 10%, then add 13mlNMP and make solid content be about 48%, stir stopping in 30 minutes.
(3) slurry blade coating step (2) prepared, on the aluminium foil of clean dried, controls one side coating thickness at 60 μm;
(4) pole piece coated for step (3) is placed in vacuum drying oven, toasts 10 hours at 100 DEG C of temperature.
(5) become by pole piece trimming prepared by step (4) diameter to be the disk of 8mm, be to electrode with lithium, in the glove box being full of argon gas, prepare button cell.
(6) button cell prepared by step (5) is tested on electrochemical test.Carry out charge-discharge test with constant current, charging/discharging voltage is 2.5-4.2V, under room temperature, tests the discharge performance under 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C and 1C multiplying power respectively.
Claims (5)
1. a lithium ion battery preparation method for iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet, is characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) according to LiFePO4: conductive agent: the weight ratio of binding agent is 90: 5: 5 weighings and prepares LiFePO4, conductive agent and binder material; Wherein, the particle size range of described LiFePO 4 material is 50nm ~ 10 μm; Solvent is used to configure binding agent reinforcing agent solution and binding agent Kynoar PVDF solution respectively;
(2) first even by having weighed conductive agent dry mixed, add a certain amount of solvent again, the weight ratio of conductive agent and solvent is 1: 2 ~ 1: 6, add the binding agent reinforcing agent solution prepared, be uniformly mixed, then add lithium iron phosphate positive material to be uniformly mixed in batches, finally add the binder solution prepared and be uniformly mixed, and adjust to the solids content of 45% ~ 60% with solvent;
(3) slurry step (2) prepared at room temperature blade coating on the aluminium foil of clean dried;
(4) pole piece coated for step (3) is placed in vacuum drying oven, toasts at a certain temperature, obtain electrode slice;
Wherein, described conductive agent is be selected from mixtures two or more in following material: acetylene black, electrically conductive graphite, CNT (carbon nano-tube), carbon nano-fiber, Graphene, polypyrrole, polythiophene;
Wherein, described caking property reinforcing agent is selected from one or more the mixture in following material: sorbitan fatty acid ester (SPAN), tetraethoxysilane, butyl silicate, tetrabutyl titanate; Described caking property reinforcing agent adds to be dissolved in the caking property reinforcing agent solution form be made in solvent; The consumption of described caking property reinforcing agent is 0.1 ~ 1wt% of LiFePO4, conductive agent and binding agent total weight.
2. the preparation method of a kind of lithium ion battery iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet according to claim 1, is characterized in that described solvent is 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE (NMP).
3. the preparation method of a kind of lithium ion battery iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described aluminum foil thickness is 20 μm, coating thickness is: one side 20 ~ 150 μm, described coating thickness does not comprise aluminum foil thickness.
4. the preparation method of a kind of lithium ion battery iron phosphate lithium positive pole sheet according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described pole piece bake out temperature is 80 ~ 120 DEG C, drying time is 6 ~ 12 hours.
5. a preparation method for battery, is characterized in that preparing electrode slice according to the preparation method described in claim arbitrary in claim 1-4, pole piece trimming is of a size of the disk of diameter 8mm, as the positive pole of button cell.
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| US9203090B2 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2015-12-01 | The Gillette Company | Method of making a cathode slurry and a cathode |
| CN103811764B (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2016-01-13 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of anode sizing agent |
| CN105244504A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2016-01-13 | 王立军 | Graphene lithium ion battery |
| CN105390738B (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2019-04-19 | 王立军 | Graphene modification lithium-ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN106058252A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-10-26 | 江苏金坛绿能新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium ion battery cathode slurry and preparation method thereof |
| CN106410141A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-02-15 | 江苏海四达电源股份有限公司 | Cylindrical lithium ion battery for electric tool and preparation method of cylindrical lithium ion battery |
| CN109301314B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2021-09-21 | 微宏动力系统（湖州）有限公司 | Preparation method of inorganic solid electrolyte composite slurry and inorganic solid electrolyte composite slurry |
| CN109728258B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-12-11 | 北京万源工业有限公司 | Dispersing process of lithium iron phosphate cathode material |
| CN108110220B (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2020-08-04 | 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-load high-compaction-density lithium ion battery pole piece |
| CN108091847A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-29 | 北京国能电池科技有限公司 | Anode material for lithium-ion batteries and preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery |
| CN109698338A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-30 | 湖北锂诺新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of powerful graphene-based LiFePO4 pole piece of low cost and preparation method |
| US20230207813A1 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2023-06-29 | Grst International Limited | Slurry composition for flexible electrode in secondary battery |
| CN114975893A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-30 | 天能新能源(湖州)有限公司 | Preparation method of lithium iron phosphate positive plate for energy storage |
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