CN102956872A - Preparation method and application of compound electrode slice - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of compound electrode slice Download PDFInfo
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- CN102956872A CN102956872A CN2011102510927A CN201110251092A CN102956872A CN 102956872 A CN102956872 A CN 102956872A CN 2011102510927 A CN2011102510927 A CN 2011102510927A CN 201110251092 A CN201110251092 A CN 201110251092A CN 102956872 A CN102956872 A CN 102956872A
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the field of electrode preparation, and provides a preparation method and application of a compound electrode slice. The preparation method of the compound electrode slice comprises the following steps of: preparing a first solution, preparing a compound electrode slice precursor, and preparing the compound electrode slice. According to the preparation method of the compound electrode slice, graphene oxide and a carbon nano tube are dissolved in alcohol, and are ultrasonically stirred, so that the specific surface area after graphene is dried is increased; and through an electro-deposition method, the process is simple and the time is short, and the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of the compound electrode slice can be reduced. The preparation method of the compound electrode slice is low in cost and high in production profit, and is very suitable for industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the electrode preparation field, relate in particular to a kind of combination electrode piece preparation method and application thereof.
Background technology
The strong K sea nurses of the peace moral of Univ Manchester UK (Andre K.Geim) etc. were prepared grapheme material in 2004, pay attention to widely because its unique structure and photoelectric property have been subject to people.Single-layer graphene is because its large specific area, and good conduction, heat conductivility and low thermal coefficient of expansion and be considered to desirable material can be used as electrode material in ultracapacitor and lithium ion battery.
But because the two-dimensional structure of the monolayer of Graphene is easy to occur to reunite in drying loses the water process of interlayer and is stacked, curling or height fold finally causes the utilance of its specific area greatly to reduce; Simultaneously, the technique of tradition preparation electrode slice is comparatively complicated, and adds certain binding agent, has increased the equivalent series resistance of electrode, affects the power density of ultracapacitor.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of preparation method of compound electric pole piece, solve to use Graphene to be applied to easily occur in the electrode slice to reunite and stacked technical problem in the prior art, and the application of the prepared compound electric pole piece of the method.
The present invention is achieved in that
A kind of combination electrode piece preparation method comprises the steps:
Be that 1～2: 1 graphene oxide and carbon nano-tube are added in the alcoholic solvent with weight ratio, ultrasonic processing is stirred, and obtains the first solution;
Add metal salt solution in this first solution, ultrasonic processing obtains the second solution, take this second solution as electrolyte, take metal forming as electrode, carries out electrophoretic process, obtains compound electric pole piece precursor;
With the dry processing of this electrode slice precursor, put into reducing solution, be under 80 ℃～100 ℃ conditions in temperature, reacted 1 hour～36 hours, with the vacuumize of reacted compound electric pole piece precursor, obtain the compound electric pole piece.
Embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method, by graphene oxide and carbon nano-tube are dissolved in the ethanol, and ultrasonic agitation, make graphene oxide be reduced to Graphene by liquid phase chemical reduction again, carbon nano-tube is inserted between the graphene sheet layer, so that Graphene is separated from each other out between layers, avoided Graphene to reunite and lamination, improve the dried specific area of Graphene, brought into play better the effect of Graphene and carbon nano-tube performance complement; Method by electro-deposition, Graphene and carbon nano-tube are deposited on the electrode, can save complicated coating process, technique is simple and the time is short, can reduce simultaneously the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of compound electric pole piece, thereby the power density of the ultracapacitor of this compound electric pole piece is used in more effective raising; Embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method, with low cost, productivity effect is high, is very suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is the button cell charging and discharging curve of using the compound electric pole piece of the embodiment of the invention one preparation;
Embodiment
In order to make purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
See also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 shows embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method flow chart, comprises the steps:
Step S01 prepares the first solution
Be that 1～2: 1 graphene oxide and carbon nano-tube are added in the alcoholic solvent with weight ratio, ultrasonic processing is stirred, and obtains the first solution;
Step S02, preparation compound electric pole piece precursor
Add metal salt solution in this first solution, ultrasonic processing obtains the second solution, take this second solution as electrolyte, take metal forming as electrode, carries out electrophoretic process, obtains compound electric pole piece precursor;
Step S03, preparation compound electric pole piece
With the dry processing of this electrode slice precursor, put into reducing solution, be under 80 ℃～100 ℃ conditions in temperature, reacted 1 hour～36 hours, with the vacuumize of reacted compound electric pole piece precursor, obtain the compound electric pole piece.
Particularly, among the step S01, this graphene oxide is standby, specific as follows by improved Hummers legal system:
Be 50 purpose crystalline graphite powders with the 20g particle diameter, obtain mixed solution in the concentrated sulfuric acid that 10g potassium peroxydisulfate and the adding of 10g phosphorus pentoxide are 80 ℃, mixed solution is stirred, cooling is more than 6 hours, filter, the pre-oxidation graphite washing that obtains is extremely neutral, then dry, dried sample is added 0 ℃, in the concentrated sulfuric acid of 460mL, add again 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃, then after in 35 ℃ oil bath, keeping 2h, slowly add the 920mL deionized water, behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain 50mL concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, and suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs with 5L concentration again, suction filtration, namely obtain graphite oxide at 50 ℃ of vacuumize 48h.This graphite oxide is peeled off the formation graphene oxide through the ultrasonic processing of subsequent step.
Particularly, this carbon nano-tube is restriction not, is preferably the acidifying nanotube, and this acidifying carbon nano-tube refers to the carbon nano-tube after peracid treatment, and the acid treatment step of this nanotube is:
Carbon nano-tube is added in the acid solution, under 60 ℃ of-90 ℃ of conditions, added hot reflux 1 hour～3 hours.Filter washing and drying.This acid is restriction not, for example, and watery hydrochloric acid, dilute sulfuric acid, rare nitric acid etc.; By carbon nano-tube being used the acid solution immersion treatment, so that carbon nano tube surface functional group is (such as OH; COOH) quantity increases greatly;
Particularly, this alcoholic solvent is restriction not, the alcohol that can use as solvent all can, being preferably carbon number is C
1-C
6Alcohol, for example, ethanol, propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol etc.; The power of this ultrasonic processing is 150W～200W, and the ultrasonic processing time is 0.5 hour～2 hours, and this mixing time is 0.5 hour～1 hour, and temperature is 20 ℃～30 ℃.By the ultrasonic processing in alcoholic solvent with graphite oxide and carbon nano-tube (the particularly carbon nano-tube after the acidification), stir, carbon nano-tube is well mixed with graphene oxide, form graphene oxide-Carbon Nanotube.Opening very much between graphene oxide lamella and the lamella minute, but the functional group of reduction rear surface easily reunites after losing, and better with carbon pipe mixed effect in graphene oxide adds the reunion of the Graphene after the carbon pipe can prevent from reducing.
Particularly, among the step S02, in this metal salt solution, the concentration of slaine is 0.2mg/ml～0.5mg/ml, and this slaine is restriction not, for example Mg (SO
4)
27H
2O, Fe (NO
3)
39H
2O, Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O or Mg (NO
3)
26H
2A kind of among the O; The solvent of this metal salt solution is water.After being added to metal salt solution in the first solution, ultrasonic processing power is 150W～200W, and the ultrasonic processing time is 15 minutes～60 minutes, obtains the second solution, and the second solution is stirred;
In this second solution, add the metal forming of two 5cm～10cm diameters as electrode, its Parallel Symmetric is placed in the electrolyte, adds the direct current of 40V～80V at the two ends of electrode, two die openings are 0.5cm, electrophoresis 5min～20min just can obtain compound electric pole piece precursor; This metal forming is restriction not, for example, and nickel foil, aluminium foil, Copper Foil etc.
Particularly, among the step S03, the dry processing refers to: the resulting compound electric pole piece of step S02 precursor is dried naturally, then toasted 1 hour～3 hours under vacuum condition, baking temperature is 40 ℃～50 ℃; Compound electric pole piece precursor after again drying being processed is added in the reducing solution, and the temperature that will contain the reducing solution of compound electric pole piece precursor is adjusted to 80 ℃～100 ℃, is preferably 100 ℃, reacts 1 hour～36 hours; Process by the compound electric pole piece being put into under the said temperature condition, carrying out liquid-phase reduction, so that the graphene oxide in the compound electric pole piece is reduced to Graphene, obtain the electrode slice of graphene-containing-carbon nano-tube;
This reducing solution refers to the solution system of reducing substances as solute, for example, hydrazine hydrate solution, sodium borohydride solution, hydroquinones solution, ethylenediamine solution, hydroiodic acid solution etc., the mass percent of this reducing solution is 50%～85%;
In the liquid-phase reduction treatment step of this step, reaction time is more than 1 hour, concrete not restriction, be preferably 1-36 hour, the reproducibility of reaction time according to reducing agent determines, for example, the hydrazine hydrate solution reaction time is 24 hours～36 hours, and the reaction time of sodium borohydride solution is 1 hour～6 hours.
After liquid phase reactor is finished, the electrode slice of this graphene-carbon nano tube was carried out vacuumize 5 hours～10 hours, baking temperature is 50 ℃～80 ℃, obtains the compound electric pole piece.
Embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method, by graphene oxide and carbon nano-tube are dissolved in the ethanol, and ultrasonic agitation, make graphene oxide be reduced to Graphene by liquid phase chemical reduction again, can better carbon nano-tube be inserted between the graphene sheet layer, so that Graphene is separated from each other out between layers, avoid Graphene to reunite and lamination, improve the dried specific area of Graphene, brought into play better the effect of Graphene and carbon nano-tube performance complement; Method by electro-deposition, Graphene and carbon nano-tube are deposited on the electrode, can save complicated coating process, technique is simple and the time is short, can reduce simultaneously the equivalent series resistance (ESR) of compound electric pole piece, thereby the power density of the ultracapacitor of this compound electric pole piece is used in more effective raising.Embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method, with low cost, productivity effect is high, is very suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
The embodiment of the invention further provides above-mentioned combination electrode piece preparation method the prepared application of compound electric pole piece in battery, capacitor.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment above-mentioned combination electrode piece preparation method is described in detail.
Embodiment one
Embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method comprises the steps:
By the standby graphite oxide of improved Hummers legal system:
20g 50 order graphite powders, 10g potassium peroxydisulfate and 10g phosphorus pentoxide added in 80 ℃ the concentrated sulfuric acid, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying.In the concentrated sulfuric acid with 0 ℃ of dried sample adding, 460mL, add 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃ again, then behind the maintenance 2h, slowly adds the 920mL deionized water in 35 ℃ oil bath.Behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain 50mL concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, and suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs, suction filtration, namely obtains graphite oxide at 50 ℃ of vacuumize 48h with 5L concentration again.
Prepare the first solution:
The carbon nano-tube of graphite oxide and salt acid treatment is added in the ethanol with 1: 1 ratio of weight ratio, and ultrasonic 0.5h is to stir 0.5h under 20 ℃ of conditions in temperature, obtains homodisperse graphene oxide, carbon nano-tube solution;
Preparation compound electric pole piece precursor:
Adding concentration in the first solution is the magnesium nitrate solution (Mg (NO of 0.5mg/ml
3)
26H
2O), ultrasonic 15min obtains uniform the second solution, with the second solution as electrolyte,, as electrode its Parallel Symmetric is placed in the electrolyte with the nickel foil of 5cm diameter, adds the direct current of 40V at the two ends of electrode, two die openings are 0.5cm, and electrophoresis 5min obtains compound electric pole piece precursor;
Preparation compound electric pole piece:
After the compound electric pole piece dried naturally, vacuum bakeout was 1 hour under 60 ℃ of conditions, then added mass percent and was in the aqueous solution of 50% hydrazine hydrate, temperature is adjusted to 100 ℃, after liquid-phase reduction was processed 24h, then vacuumize 5h under 60 ℃ of conditions obtained the compound electric pole piece.
Performance Detection:
The pole piece of gained is carried out roll extrusion with roller mill, the pole piece of roll-in is broken into the circular pole piece that diameter is 10mm with card punch, accurately weigh.In glove box with pole piece, barrier film and electrolyte are assembled into ultracapacitor according to cell making process, its septation is celgard 2000, electrolyte is the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoro boric acid salting liquid of 0.5mol/L, leave standstill after assembling is finished and carried out the constant current charge-discharge test in one day, wherein voltage range is 0-1.85V, and electric current is that 1A/g carries out constant current charge-discharge.
See also Fig. 2, the button cell charging and discharging curve of the compound electric pole piece of Fig. 2 display application embodiment of the invention one preparation, as can be seen from Figure 2, under the 1A/g current density, the charging and discharging curve shape that the charging and discharging curve of battery is near the mark has good charge-discharge performance.
Embodiment two
Embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method comprises the steps:
By the standby graphite oxide of improved Hummers legal system:
20g 50 order graphite powders, 10g potassium peroxydisulfate and 10g phosphorus pentoxide added in 80 ℃ the concentrated sulfuric acid, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying.In the concentrated sulfuric acid with 0 ℃ of dried sample adding, 460mL, add 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃ again, then behind the maintenance 2h, slowly adds the 920mL deionized water in 35 ℃ oil bath.Behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain 50mL concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, and suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs, suction filtration, namely obtains graphite oxide at 50 ℃ of vacuumize 48h with 5L concentration again.
Prepare the first solution:
The carbon nano-tube that graphite oxide and sulfuric acid treatment are crossed adds in the propyl alcohol with 1.5: 1 ratio of weight ratio, and ultrasonic 2h is to stir 0.75h under 20 ℃ of conditions in temperature, obtains homodisperse graphene oxide, carbon nano-tube solution;
Preparation compound electric pole piece precursor:
Adding concentration in the first solution is the Adlerika Mg (SO of 0.2mg/ml
4)
27H
2O, ultrasonic 60min obtains uniform the second solution, with the second solution as electrolyte,, as electrode its Parallel Symmetric is placed in the electrolyte with the Copper Foil of 10cm diameter, adds the direct current of 80V at the two ends of electrode, two die openings are 0.5cm, and electrophoresis 20min obtains compound electric pole piece precursor;
Preparation compound electric pole piece:
After the compound electric pole piece dried naturally, vacuum bakeout was 2 hours under 60 ℃ of conditions, then added mass percent and was in the aqueous solution of 60% sodium borohydride, temperature is adjusted to 80 ℃, after liquid-phase reduction was processed 6h, then vacuumize 10h under 60 ℃ of conditions obtained the compound electric pole piece.
Embodiment three
Embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method comprises the steps:
By the standby graphite oxide of improved Hummers legal system:
20g 50 order graphite powders, 10g potassium peroxydisulfate and 10g phosphorus pentoxide added in 80 ℃ the concentrated sulfuric acid, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying.In the concentrated sulfuric acid with 0 ℃ of dried sample adding, 460mL, add 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃ again, then behind the maintenance 2h, slowly adds the 920mL deionized water in 35 ℃ oil bath.Behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain 50mL concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, and suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs, suction filtration, namely obtains graphite oxide at 50 ℃ of vacuumize 48h with 5L concentration again.
Prepare the first solution:
The carbon nano-tube that graphite oxide and nitric acid treatment are crossed adds in the isopropyl alcohol with 2: 1 ratio of weight ratio, and ultrasonic 1h is to stir 1h under 30 ℃ of conditions in temperature, obtains homodisperse graphene oxide, carbon nano-tube solution;
Preparation compound electric pole piece precursor:
Adding concentration in the first solution is the iron nitrate solution (Fe (NO of 0.2mg/ml
3)
39H
2O), ultrasonic 45min, obtain uniform the second solution,, as electrode, its Parallel Symmetric is placed in the electrolyte with the aluminium foil of 8cm diameter as electrolyte with the second solution, the direct current that adds 60V at the two ends of electrode, two die openings are 0.5cm, and electrophoresis 15min obtains compound electric pole piece precursor;
Preparation compound electric pole piece:
After the compound electric pole piece dried naturally, vacuum bakeout was 3 hours under 60 ℃ of conditions, then added mass percent and was in the aqueous solution of 75% ethylenediamine, temperature is adjusted to 80 ℃, after liquid-phase reduction was processed 24h, then vacuumize 6h under 60 ℃ of conditions obtained the compound electric pole piece.
Embodiment four
Embodiment of the invention combination electrode piece preparation method comprises the steps:
By the standby graphite oxide of improved Hummers legal system:
20g 50 order graphite powders, 10g potassium peroxydisulfate and 10g phosphorus pentoxide added in 80 ℃ the concentrated sulfuric acid, stir, more than the cooling 6h, washing is to neutral, drying.In the concentrated sulfuric acid with 0 ℃ of dried sample adding, 460mL, add 60g potassium permanganate, the temperature of mixture remains on below 20 ℃ again, then behind the maintenance 2h, slowly adds the 920mL deionized water in 35 ℃ oil bath.Behind the 15min, add again 2.8L deionized water (wherein contain 50mL concentration be 30% hydrogen peroxide), the mixture color becomes glassy yellow afterwards, and suction filtration while hot is that 10% hydrochloric acid washs, suction filtration, namely obtains graphite oxide at 50 ℃ of vacuumize 48h with 5L concentration again.
Prepare the first solution:
The carbon nano-tube that graphite oxide and nitric acid treatment are crossed adds in the isopropyl alcohol with 2: 1 ratio of weight ratio, and ultrasonic 2h is to stir 1h under 30 ℃ of conditions in temperature, obtains homodisperse graphene oxide, carbon nano-tube solution;
Preparation compound electric pole piece precursor:
Adding concentration in the first solution is the zinc nitrate solution (Zn (NO of 0.5mg/ml
3)
26H
2O), ultrasonic 60min, obtain uniform the second solution,, as electrode, its Parallel Symmetric is placed in the electrolyte with the nickel foil of 10cm diameter as electrolyte with the second solution, the direct current that adds 80V at the two ends of electrode, two die openings are 0.5cm, and electrophoresis 20min obtains compound electric pole piece precursor;
Preparation compound electric pole piece:
After the compound electric pole piece dried naturally, vacuum bakeout was 3 hours under 60 ℃ of conditions, then added mass percent and was in the aqueous solution of 85% hydroiodic acid, temperature is adjusted to 100 ℃, after liquid-phase reduction was processed 24h, then vacuumize 12h under 60 ℃ of conditions obtained the compound electric pole piece.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a combination electrode piece preparation method comprises the steps:
Be that 1～2: 1 graphene oxide and carbon nano-tube are added in the alcoholic solvent with weight ratio, ultrasonic processing is stirred, and obtains the first solution;
Add metal salt solution in described the first solution, ultrasonic processing obtains the second solution, take described the second solution as electrolyte, take metal forming as electrode, carries out electrophoretic process, obtains compound electric pole piece precursor;
With the dry processing of described electrode slice precursor, put into reducing solution, be under 80 ℃～100 ℃ conditions in temperature, reacted 1 hour～36 hours, with the vacuumize of reacted compound electric pole piece precursor, obtain the compound electric pole piece.
2. combination electrode piece preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described carbon nano-tube is the acid-treated carbon nano-tube of process.
3. combination electrode piece preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described alcohol is that carbon number is C
1～C
6Alcohol.
4. combination electrode piece preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described preparation the first solution step, the ultrasonic processing time is 0.5 hour～2 hours, and mixing time is 0.5 hour～1 hour.
5. combination electrode piece preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described slaine is Mg (NO
3)
26H
2O, Mg (SO
4)
27H
2O, Fe (NO
3)
39H
2O or Zn (NO
3)
26H
2A kind of among the O.
6. combination electrode piece preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the concentration of described metal salt solution is 0.2mg/ml～0.5mg/ml.
7. combination electrode piece preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described preparation the second solution step, the ultrasonic processing time is 15 minutes～60 minutes.
8. combination electrode piece preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described reducing solution comprises hydrazine hydrate solution, sodium borohydride solution, hydroquinones solution, ethylenediamine solution or hydroiodic acid solution.
9. combination electrode piece preparation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the mass percent of described reducing solution is 50%～85%.
10. such as the prepared application of compound electric pole piece in battery or capacitor of each described combination electrode piece preparation method of claim 1～9.
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| CN103346024A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2013-10-09 | 常州大学 | Method for preparing high-conductivity flexible graphene membrane electrode |
| CN103439381A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-11 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for detecting trace hydroquinone by using graphene/carbon nano tube modified electrode |
| CN104810426A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2015-07-29 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | Self-driven light detector and preparation method thereof |
| CN105420794A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-03-23 | 上海应用技术学院 | Preparation method for graphene/ferroferric oxide composite material |
| CN106848248A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The preparation method of graphene-supported hollow carbon sphere composite |
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| WO2018032320A1 (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-02-22 | 肖丽芳 | Method for manufacturing sulfur composite graphene foam positive electrode |
| WO2018032323A1 (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-02-22 | 肖丽芳 | Electrodeposition method for manufacturing positive electrode of lithium-ion capacitor |
| WO2018032317A1 (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-02-22 | 肖丽芳 | Electrodeposition method for manufacturing graphene foam |
| CN106848248A (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2017-06-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The preparation method of graphene-supported hollow carbon sphere composite |
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