CN102954559A - Temperature and humidity control method and device for industrial production and preservation of edible mushrooms - Google Patents
Temperature and humidity control method and device for industrial production and preservation of edible mushrooms Download PDFInfo
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- CN102954559A CN102954559A CN2012104094155A CN201210409415A CN102954559A CN 102954559 A CN102954559 A CN 102954559A CN 2012104094155 A CN2012104094155 A CN 2012104094155A CN 201210409415 A CN201210409415 A CN 201210409415A CN 102954559 A CN102954559 A CN 102954559A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature and humidity control method and device for industrial production and preservation of edible mushrooms. The temperature and humidity control method comprises the following steps of: 1) dehumidifying gas D from a mushrooms cultivating or preserving space so as to reduce the moisture in the gas and generate gas E; 2) cooling the gas E by a heat exchanger (10) so as to generate gas F, and reducing the temperature of the gas F, wherein the temperature of a cooling medium in the heat exchanger (10) is higher than the dew-point temperature of the gas E which flows through the heat exchanger (10); and 3) spraying water to the cooled gas F so as to generate gas G; and reflowing the gas G into the mushrooms cultivating or preserving space until the relative humidity of the gas G meets the specified requirement. The temperature and humidity control device comprises a refrigerating system, a rotary dehumidifier and an air humidifier which are connected by pipelines. By adopting the method and device provided by the invention, the cost is saved, the problem that the heat exchanger needs to be defrosted at fixed period can be avoided, and the factorization in production and preservation of the edible mushrooms can be further realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible fungus industrial production and preservation temperature and humidity control method and device thereof.
Background technology
Edible mushroom is universally acknowledged a kind of nutraceutical, and the development trend that edible mushroom has become Edible Fungi is produced in batch production.
The prerequisite of edible fungus industrial production is to utilize suitable temperature and moisture control unit to simulate the artificial environment of edible fungi growth.Generally take at present direct freezing method, namely utilize circulating fan with gas circulation by being connected with the heat exchanger of cooling medium, control Edible Fungi with environment temperature and humidity.Because the relative humidity of edible fungi growth environmental gas is high, for example the desirable environment temperature of Asparagus production is 23 ℃, and relative humidity is 60-70%, so vaporous water branch is condensed into aqueous water in the gas in to the process of gas cooling.Owing to need to discharge a large amount of heats when moisture is from the gaseous state liquefy in the gas, so the part energy is consumed in removal process in the gas cooled process, only has the part energy for reducing gas temperature, when traditional freezing method was used for the control of Edible Fungi temperature, efficiency of energy utilization was low.
In addition, with popularizing of edible fungus industrial, the preservation of fresh food bacterium will become the problem that another one need to solve.For example, after mushroom was adopted, because the continuation of its vital movement is very easily rotten, and temperature was higher, and respiratory intensity is larger, and is rotten faster, so take rational physical means to suppress its enzymatic activity, to reduce respiration extremely important.
Studies show that, preserve in control under the gas componant condition of environment, when storage temperature is controlled at 0-3 ℃, when relative humidity was controlled at 90-95%, the pot-life of mushroom can reach about 12 days.In order to keep the temperature of mushroom storage condition, generally take at present direct freezing method, that is, and utilize circulating fan with gas circulation by being connected with the heat exchanger of cooling medium, control edible mushroom store between temperature and humidity.Because temperature only has 0-3 ℃ between storing, the temperature of cooling medium must be below 0 ℃, and thus, heat exchanger surface certainly exists frost, and passes in time, and the frost of heat exchanger surface can be more and more thicker.The unique channel that overcomes at present the heat exchanger frosting is the defrost of fixing time.Defrost process normally utilizes hot gas to flow through heat exchanger, perhaps stops logical cooling medium in the heat exchanger, and on the contrary, logical thermal medium more than 0 ℃ melts the frost on the heat exchanger Already in the heat exchanger.The defective that defrost process exists has two, and the first, need to consume heat energy, the second, cause temperature fluctuation between storage, according to statistics, the energy of defrost process consumption accounts for more than 10% of whole energy resource consumptions between storage.
The invention discloses a kind of new edible fungus industrial production and edible mushroom and preserve with temperature and humidity control method and device, the method is than traditional direct freezing energy savings more than 20%.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides the production of a kind of novel energy-conserving edible fungus industrial and edible mushroom preserves with temperature and humidity control method and device thereof.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is to be achieved by the following technical programs:
Edible fungus industrial is produced and is preserved with temperature and humidity control method, comprises following implementation step:
1). the gas D that will derive from mushroom plantation or the mushroom shelf space carries out dehumidification treatments, and the moisture in the gas is reduced, and forms gas E.
2). gas E cools off through heat exchanger, form gas F, gas F temperature reduces, the temperature of cooling medium is higher than from the dew-point temperature of its gas E that flows through in the heat exchanger, when gas E flows through heat exchanger and cools off, heat exchanger surface does not have the water condensation phenomenon to occur, and can not occur the phenomenon of heat exchanger surface frosting simultaneously yet.
3). to cooled gas F trickle, form gas G, the relative humidity of gas G flows back to mushroom plantation or mushroom shelf space after reaching the requirement of regulation.
4). utilize and process blower fan, discharged to atmosphere, remaining gas flows to the renewing zone of rotary dehumidifier to atmosphere A through the rear class heat exchanger through prime heat exchanger rear section gas.
5). behind the rotary wheel regeneration district, the moisture that is adsorbed on the runner is drained by the regeneration blower fan in company with regeneration air.
Wherein, driven by motor runner rotation, circulation is through runner treatment region and rotary wheel regeneration district, and the runner treatment region carries out dehumidification treatments, the processing of regenerating of rotary wheel regeneration district, the sustainable operation of the sorbing material on the runner.
Edible fungus industrial is produced and edible mushroom preserves with temperature and humidity conditioner, comprise the refrigeration system and rotary dehumidifier and the air humidifier that connect by pipeline, refrigeration system is by refrigeration compressor, the prime heat exchanger, the rear class heat exchanger, the closed-loop path that refrigeration expansion valve and heat exchanger form, rotary dehumidifier comprise the runner with renewing zone and treatment region, the motor of processing blower fan, regeneration blower fan and the rotation of drive runner, are provided with circulating fan between rotary dehumidifier and the air humidifier.
Runner manufactures a round pan by special material, pan is divided into two zones by the dividing plate of special manufacturing, be treatment region and renewing zone, when the gas flow that dehumidifies when needs is crossed the runner treatment region, the sorbing material absorption in the processed district of moisture in the gas, gas becomes dry gas.When hot gas flows through from the rotary wheel regeneration district under the effect of regeneration blower fan, be adsorbed on moisture on the runner and be reproduced gas and take away.In order to keep carrying out continuously of rotary wheel dehumidifying, runner circulates under the effect of electric rotating machine through runner treatment region and rotary wheel regeneration district.
The material of traditional runner is silica gel or molecular sieve, its regeneration temperature is normally more than 100 ℃, after gas is processed through traditional rotary wheel dehumidifying, although the humidity of gas has descended, but, the enthalpy of gas increases, and namely taking traditional rotary wheel dehumidifying method to finish the present invention may increase system's energy resource consumption.
Because the regeneration temperature of runner is lower, the rotary wheel dehumidifying process is more near constant-enthalpy process, so the present invention preferentially takes the runner that can regenerate under cryogenic conditions.
If refrigerant system design is reasonable, the refrigeration waste heat that produces in the vapor compression refrigeration device process of refrigerastion can be used as the heat of rotary wheel regeneration, and thus, the efficiency of energy utilization of temperature and humidity conditioner is realized maximization.
Air humidifier, its function are the water content that increases gas, make the relative humidity of gas reach setting.
Circulating fan, its function are to make the gas circulation process that need to carry out temperature and humidity control, the treatment region of rotary wheel dehumidifying, refrigerating evaporator and air humidifier.
The present invention has saved cost by above-mentioned structure and method, has exempted the puzzlement of the regular defrost of heat exchanger, makes simultaneously Edible Fungi and edible mushroom preservation batch production more real.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present invention.
[primary clustering symbol description]
The 1-circulating fan, the 3-motor, 4-runner treatment region,
5-rotary wheel regeneration district, 8-processes blower fan, the 9-blower fan of regenerating,
The 10-heat exchanger, the 11-refrigeration compressor, the 12-refrigeration expansion valve,
13-rear class heat exchanger 14-prime heat exchanger, the 15-air humidifier.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is that edible fungus industrial production and edible mushroom preserve with temperature and humidity control method and device thereof, as shown in the figure, edible fungus industrial is produced and edible mushroom preserves with temperature and humidity conditioner, comprise the refrigeration system and rotary dehumidifier and the air humidifier 15 that connect by pipeline, refrigeration system is by refrigeration compressor 11, prime heat exchanger 14, rear class heat exchanger 13, the closed-loop path that refrigeration expansion valve 12 and heat exchanger 10 form, rotary dehumidifier comprises the runner with renewing zone 5 and treatment region 4, process blower fan 8, the motor 3 of regeneration blower fan 9 and the rotation of drive runner is provided with circulating fan 1 between rotary dehumidifier and the air humidifier 15.
The mushroom industrialized cultivation need to be controlled environment temperature, 23 ℃ of temperature, and relative humidity 70%, take following flow process:
The treatment region that (1) will derive from the gas D process rotary dehumidifier in the mushroom plantation space carries out dehumidification treatments, and the moisture in the gas is reduced, and forms gas E.
(2) gas E cools off through heat exchanger, form gas F, gas F temperature reduces, the temperature of cooling medium is higher than from the dew-point temperature of its gas E that flows through in the heat exchanger, when gas E flows through heat exchanger and cools off, heat exchanger surface does not have the water condensation phenomenon to occur, and can not occur the phenomenon of heat exchanger surface frosting simultaneously yet.
(3) to cooled gas F trickle, form gas G, the relative humidity of gas G flows back to mushroom plantation or mushroom shelf space after reaching the requirement of regulation.
Table one is each state parameter when taking flow process control mushroom planting environment disclosed by the invention.
Table one
Remarks: (1) rotary wheel dehumidifying is constant-enthalpy process, is constant enthalpy from gas D to gas E namely.
(2) air wetting also is constant-enthalpy process, is constant enthalpy from gas F to gas G namely.
(3) temperature of gas F is artificially set.
According to flow processing mushroom planting environment air disclosed by the invention, obtained gas G, and the energy of actual consumption is the energy from state gas E to state gas F, the cold that namely consumes is 13.1 KJ/kg.Utilizing cooling medium when utilizing direct freezing to process air also is 13.1 KJ/kg with gas from the cold that gas D is cooled to gas G consumption directly.
Although gas treatment flow process disclosed by the invention is the same with the refrigerating capacity that direct freezing is processed gas consumption,, the power that obtains identical refrigerating capacity consumption under two kinds of gas with various handling process conditions is different.
Refrigerating capacity is used to air is cooled to 20 ℃ from 32.9 ℃ in patent disclosed by the invention, and directly during the freezing cooling-air refrigerating capacity be used to air is cooled to 15.3 ℃ from 23 ℃.Suppose both to utilize the method that cold-producing medium directly evaporates in heat exchanger to make the air cooling, in the air-treatment flow process disclosed by the invention, the evaporating temperature of cold-producing medium at least can be higher 5 ℃ than the evaporating temperature of direct freezing, according to the vapour compression refrigeration principle, 1 ℃ of the every increase of the evaporating temperature of cold-producing medium in evaporimeter, refrigerating efficiency increases by 5%, and thus, air cool cycles disclosed by the invention is more energy-conservation more than 25% than traditional direct cooling means.
It is 0-3 ℃ that mushroom preserves optimum temperature, and relative humidity is controlled at 90-95%, takes following flow process:
The treatment region that (1) will derive from the gas D process rotary dehumidifier in the mushroom plantation space carries out dehumidification treatments, and the moisture in the gas is reduced, and forms gas E.
(2) gas E cools off through heat exchanger, form gas F, gas F temperature reduces, the temperature of cooling medium is higher than from the dew-point temperature of its gas E that flows through in the heat exchanger, when gas E flows through heat exchanger and cools off, heat exchanger surface does not have the water condensation phenomenon to occur, and can not occur the phenomenon of heat exchanger surface frosting simultaneously yet.
(3) to cooled gas F trickle, form gas G, the relative humidity of gas G flows back to mushroom plantation or mushroom shelf space after reaching the requirement of regulation.
The parameter of each state of gas when table two, basis are processed mushroom preservation environment according to method disclosed by the invention.
Table two
Remarks: (1) rotary wheel dehumidifying is constant-enthalpy process, is constant enthalpy from gas D to gas E namely.
(2) gas humidification also is constant-enthalpy process, is constant enthalpy from gas F to gas G namely.
(3) temperature of gas F is artificially set.
According to flow processing mushroom planting environment air disclosed by the invention, obtained gas G, and the energy of actual consumption is the energy from gas E to gas F, the cold that namely consumes is 10.5 KJ/kg.Utilizing cooling medium when utilizing direct freezing to process air also is 10.5 KJ/kg with air from the cold that gas D refrigerating gas G consumes directly.
Although gas treatment flow process disclosed by the invention is the same with the refrigerating capacity that direct freezing is processed gas consumption,, the power that obtains identical refrigerating capacity consumption under two kinds of gas with various handling process conditions is different.
Refrigerating capacity is used to gas is cooled to 0 ℃ from 10.4 ℃ in patent disclosed by the invention, and directly during the freezing refrigerating gas refrigerating capacity be used to 3 ℃ of gases are cooled to-2.9 ℃.Suppose both to utilize the method that cold-producing medium directly evaporates inside the Pass heat exchanger to make gas cooled, in the gas treatment flow process disclosed by the invention, the evaporating temperature of cold-producing medium at least can be higher 5 ℃ than the evaporating temperature of direct freezing, according to the vapour compression refrigeration principle, 1 ℃ of the every increase of the evaporating temperature of cold-producing medium in evaporimeter, refrigerating efficiency increases by 5%, and thus, the direct cooling means that gas cooled recycle ratio disclosed by the invention is traditional is energy-conservation more than 25%.
Except the reason of evaporating temperature, directly freezing is freezing during to-2.9 ℃ from 3 ℃ with gas, refrigerant temperature must be at-5 ℃ in the evaporimeter of refrigeration system, lower than the air dew point temperature that flows through evaporator surface, so, it is necessary that refrigeration system is regularly carried out the defrost operation, causes thus the temperature fluctuation of mushroom shelf space, and simultaneously defrost also needs to increase system's energy resource consumption.
For making the more excellent equipment that utilizes, mushroom industrialized cultivation and store method also comprise:
(4) utilize the processing blower fan, discharged to atmosphere, remaining gas flows to the renewing zone of rotary dehumidifier to atmosphere A through the rear class heat exchanger through prime heat exchanger rear section gas.
(5) gas behind the renewing zone is drained by the regeneration blower fan.
Above-described embodiment is the better embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. edible fungus industrial production and preservation is characterized in that with temperature and humidity control method, comprise following implementation step:
1). the gas D that will derive from mushroom plantation or the mushroom shelf space carries out dehumidification treatments, and the moisture in the gas is reduced, and forms gas E;
2). utilize heat exchanger (10) that gas E is cooled off, form gas F, gas F temperature reduces, and the temperature of cooling medium is higher than from the dew-point temperature of its gas E that flows through in the heat exchanger (10);
3). to cooled gas F trickle, form gas G, the relative humidity of gas G flows back to mushroom plantation or mushroom shelf space after reaching the requirement of regulation.
2. control method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises the steps:
4). utilize and process blower fan (8), discharged to atmosphere, remaining gas flows to rotary wheel regeneration district (5) through rear class heat exchanger (13) to atmosphere A through prime heat exchanger (14) rear section gas;
5). after rotary wheel regeneration district (5), the moisture that is adsorbed on the runner is drained by regeneration blower fan (9) in company with regeneration air;
Wherein, motor (3) drives the runner rotation, and circulation is through runner treatment region (4) and rotary wheel regeneration district (5), and runner treatment region (4) carries out dehumidification treatments, rotary wheel regeneration district (5) processing of regenerating, the sustainable operation of the sorbing material on the runner.
3. the control device of using in claim 1 or 2 methods, it is characterized in that: comprise the refrigeration system and rotary dehumidifier and the air humidifier (15) that connect by pipeline, described refrigeration system is by refrigeration compressor (11), prime heat exchanger (14), rear class heat exchanger (13), the closed-loop path that refrigeration expansion valve (12) and heat exchanger (10) form, rotary dehumidifier comprises the runner of have the renewing zone (5) and treatment region (4), process blower fan (8), the motor (3) of regeneration blower fan (9) and the rotation of drive runner is provided with circulating fan (1) between rotary dehumidifier (4) and the air humidifier (15).
4. control device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: runner is the low-temp recovery runner.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103574790A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-12 | 陕西科技大学 | Dehumidification air cooling apparatus and cooling method |
| CN106016502A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏赛诺浦节能科技有限公司 | Refrigeration and fresh air integration type outdoor unit special for water-cooled fungus mushroom house |
| CN107927854A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-20 | 甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所 | A kind of fruit and vegetable product solar low-temperature absorption drying system |
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| CN1587863A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2005-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | Over critical CO2 refrigeration and rotary wheel dehumidifying combined air conditioning system |
| CN102401430A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-04-04 | 马军 | Refrigeration and rotating wheel adsorption coupling operated dehumidification device |
| CN102705921A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 吕智 | Heat pump driven rotating wheel dehumidification and regeneration type air treatment unit |
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2012
- 2012-10-24 CN CN201210409415.5A patent/CN102954559B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1587863A (en) * | 2004-09-29 | 2005-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | Over critical CO2 refrigeration and rotary wheel dehumidifying combined air conditioning system |
| CN102401430A (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-04-04 | 马军 | Refrigeration and rotating wheel adsorption coupling operated dehumidification device |
| CN102705921A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2012-10-03 | 吕智 | Heat pump driven rotating wheel dehumidification and regeneration type air treatment unit |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103574790A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-12 | 陕西科技大学 | Dehumidification air cooling apparatus and cooling method |
| CN103574790B (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2016-01-20 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of dehumidified air cooling device and cooling means |
| CN106016502A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-10-12 | 江苏赛诺浦节能科技有限公司 | Refrigeration and fresh air integration type outdoor unit special for water-cooled fungus mushroom house |
| CN107927854A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-20 | 甘肃省农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所 | A kind of fruit and vegetable product solar low-temperature absorption drying system |
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