CN102953912A - 旋转磁场式井下发电装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种旋转磁场式井下发电装置，其导流定子、绕组线圈与不旋转本体固联，涡轮转子与永久磁铁组合形成旋转磁场，永久磁铁内部安装有非导磁内护罩；绕组线圈外带有绝缘外敷层。定子与转子之间各轴承采用滑动轴承，并具有较小的泥浆流道；不旋转本体中心可打通孔，以供其他用电系统做通信通道。该井下发电装置线圈系等采用静态密封，且工作过程中相对于本体为静态，工作稳定、可靠性高；转子与定子之间无切割磁力线的金属隔离，涡流损失小；以流经泥浆通道的泥浆为润滑介质，防止发电装置过热，保证了发电装置的大功率输出；与用电系统之间可以采用多种联接方式，使用灵活方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及井下泥浆驱动的发电装置领域，具体是一种用于钻井工程随钻仪器供电的旋转磁场式井下发电装置。
背景技术
随着现代油气钻井技术的发展，随钻仪器在钻井过程的应用越来越广泛。在钻井过程中，随钻仪器通过泥浆脉冲、电磁波或声波等方式，将井下数据发送到地面，供地面技术人员进行分析和判断，并根据数据对钻井过程进行调整。目前为井下随钻仪器供电有电池组和发电机两种途径，由于电池容量受温度影响很大，当温度达到120℃时，容量减小20%，同时电池安全性受到温度影响较大，电池的使用温度极限约为175℃。在随钻仪器中，传感器和相关电子电路的功耗通常仅有几瓦到十几瓦，而部分的井下测量与控制系统耗电最大可能达到700瓦，为延长工具在井下的操作时间，国外目前普遍将井下发电机作为井下仪器的电源，以减小电池容量和体积，利用井下发电机为电池补充电能及/或为传感器组与信号发生装置供电。
美国专利US5517464中公开了一种集成了泥浆脉冲发生器与涡轮发电机的井下MWD工具。涡轮发电机与泥浆脉冲发生器集成一体，涡轮发电机由涡轮推进器、驱动轴、变速器、三相交流发电机、转速测量装置组成。由于井下空间的限制和涡轮结构的特性，发电机提供的功率较小，一般为几十瓦，不能满足大功率要求；系统采用齿轮变速箱实现涡轮和电机的转速响应，结构复杂；线圈直接工作于泥浆中，对泥浆质量、轴承性能和线圈的绝缘性要求极高，且在井下高温、强振动恶劣环境中长期高速运转极易损坏，从而降低了涡轮发电
机的使用寿命。
中国专利201010533100.2中公开了一种石油钻井泥浆发电系统。该系统包括线圈绕组、磁铁、叶轮、上下堵头、中心轴及隔离套，其中磁铁镶嵌在叶轮轮毂内，线圈绕组固定在中心轴与上下堵头及隔离套所形成的密闭腔体内；叶轮轮毂与隔离套间隙配合，当带压泥浆从上向下冲刷时，被冲刷的叶轮旋转，使镶嵌在叶轮轮毂内的磁铁跟随叶轮同步旋转，并使线圈切割磁力线而发电；此外叶轮与隔离套之间安装耐磨合金套，叶轮旋转时耐磨合金套起到支撑和扶正作用；合金套与堵头之间安装减震器，减少泥浆冲击对耐磨合金套的影响。该系统的优点是取消了动密封，但是由于其采用转子与隔离套采用泥浆润滑的间隙配合做支撑与扶正，当用于泥浆中高速旋转的情况下时，由于泥浆中的砂粒等是常态存在的，极易砂卡导致整个系统失效和泥浆的润滑失效。另外金属材质的隔离套位于磁钢与线圈之间，在变化的磁场中有涡流损耗存在，使发电系统难以提供较大的功率。同时，涡流损耗的直接表现形式为发热，其温升不可避免。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对现有技术存在的问题，提供一种功率大、运转稳定的旋转磁场式井下发电装置。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
旋转磁场式井下发电装置包括涡轮转子与永久磁铁组合的转子，不旋转本体与绕组线圈、叠钢片组合的定子，以及密封插件。所述定子为：不旋转本体下端外部设内外两级阶梯凸沿，其内凸沿与上部的调整环之间形成环形槽，环形槽内套装叠钢片和绕组线圈，不旋转本体径向设有与其内孔贯通的插孔；所
述转子为：永久磁铁套在绕组线圈外，上部连接涡轮转子。涡轮转子与调整环之间通过转子上轴承与径向轴承对接，永久磁铁与不旋转本体的外凸沿通过转子下轴承与本体轴承对接，转子上轴承与径向轴承由定子压帽与不旋转本体固联后对接配合。
上述方案还包括：在定子压帽与转子上轴承和径向轴承之间增设导流定子，导流定子设有与涡轮转子相同的外流道，导流定子上设有定子泥浆通道，定子与转子之间的预留泥浆通道，定子泥浆通道与转子上轴承和径向轴承之间的间隙、定子与转子之间的泥浆通道和转子下轴承与本体轴承之间的间隙构成泥浆流道。在导流定子与转子上轴承的结合部设有滑环。转子的永久磁铁内外分别装有非导磁内护罩和铁轭，定子的绕组线圈设有绝缘外敷层，密封插件与不旋转本体插孔密封配合接入绕组线圈。
本发明的旋转磁场式井下发电装置的技术效果是：该装置采用安装于定子和转子两端的轴承在旋转中进行支撑与扶正，并以绕组线圈外涂敷绝缘外敷层的方法进行隔离，使得定子与转子之间不再有机械间隙配合，降低了泥浆中的沙粒对转子和定子的磨损并减少砂卡现象，工作稳定。同时该装置的转子和定子都浸泡在泥浆中，各轴承采用滑动轴承，以泥浆为润滑介质，工作可靠性高，同时泥浆经定子泥浆通道高速流过定子、转子间隙的泥浆，可以带走发电装置的热量，防止发电装置过热，发电装置的转子与定子之间无切割磁力线的金属隔离，因此无涡流损耗；定子、转子间气隙较小，发电装置效率较高，功率可达1kW以上。涡轮转子与永磁体组合，形成旋转磁场；将导流定子、绕组线圈与不旋转本体固联，与用电系统之间可以采用多种形式的联接方式；不旋转本体中心通孔可供其他用电系统做通信通道。发电装置整体为一模块，可与用电系统方便联接。
附图说明
图1是旋转磁场式井下发电装置的示意图。
图中，1.不旋转本体 2.定子压帽 3.导流定子 4.定子泥浆通道 5.滑环 6.转子上轴承 7.径向轴承 8. 涡轮转子 9.铁轭 10.永久磁铁 11.非导磁内护罩 12.泥浆通道 13.绝缘外敷层 14.转子下轴承 15.本体轴承 16.密封插针 17.调整环 18.内孔 19.叠钢片 20.绕组线圈 21.电源引线。
具体实施方式
参照图1所示，旋转磁场式井下发电装置主要包括不旋转本体1，导流定子3，滑环5，转子上轴承6，径向轴承，涡轮转子8，铁轭9，永久磁铁10，非导磁内护罩11，绝缘外敷层13，转子下轴承14，本体轴承15，叠钢片19，绕组线圈20。不旋转本体1是整个发电装置的安装基础，发电装置所有部件均安装在不旋转本体1上，同时不旋转本体1用于发电装置与用电系统的连接。不旋转本体1上沿轴向从内到外依次安装各部件，最内侧安装本体轴承15，然后叠钢片19和绕组线圈20，然后是调整环17、径向轴承7和导流定子3，最后以定子压帽2将各部件轴向压紧，轴向压紧之后，封固绝缘外敷层13，将绕组线圈20与外部环境隔离密封。涡轮转子8上部安装有转子上轴承6，与导流定子3上安装的滑环5构成轴向轴承副；同时转子上轴承6与不旋转本体1上安装的径向轴承7形成径向轴承副。涡轮转子8下端与铁轭9固联，铁轭9内部装有永久磁铁10，在永久磁铁10内部安装有保护磁铁的非导磁内护罩11；铁轭9下端安装有转子下轴承14，与不旋转本体1上安装的本体轴承15形成径向滑动轴承副和轴向推力轴承副。
泥浆导流定子3上加工有定子泥浆通道4，并与转子上轴承6和径向轴承7之间的通道，定子与转子之间的泥浆通道12，和转子下轴承14与本体轴承15之间的通道，形成较小的泥浆流道，泥浆大部分流过导流定子3推动涡轮转子8发电，少量泥浆流经上述泥浆流动为绕组线圈20降温，润滑各滑动轴承副，并防止砂粒停留。
滑环5采用过盈配合加粘接胶与导流定子3固接，形成一个稳定的上部限位，在井下振动和冲击强烈的时候，与转子上轴承6接触，形成滑动轴承，防止导流定子3与涡轮转子8直接接触。
不旋转本体1上可开有内孔18，绕组线圈20通过安装在不旋转本体1上的密封插针16将电力通过电源引线21输出，引入到内孔18，内孔18可加工成盲孔，用以直接引出电力，也可以在轴线上沿轴向加工成阶梯型通孔，当发电机为井下系统供电时，内孔18可以作为穿越发电机的上下信号通道。
本发明的工作过程是：在钻进过程中，具有一定排量和压力的泥浆通过装置，小部分泥浆通过定子泥浆通道，流经转子上轴承与径向轴承形成的轴承副，然后流经泥浆通道，经过转子下轴承与本体轴承形成的轴承副流出，完成润滑及降温功能；大部分泥浆流经导流定子，推动涡轮转子旋转，形成旋转磁场，绕组线圈切割磁力线，产生电能，通过电源引线输出。
Claims (4)
1.一种旋转磁场式井下发电装置，包括涡轮转子（8）与永久磁铁（10）组合的转子，不旋转本体（1）与绕组线圈（20）、叠钢片（19）组合的定子，以及密封插件，其特征在于：所述定子为不旋转本体（1）下端外部设内外两级阶梯凸沿，其内凸沿与上部的调整环（17）之间形成环形槽，环形槽内套装叠钢片（19）和绕组线圈（20），不旋转本体（1）径向设有与其内孔（18）贯通的插孔；所述转子为永久磁铁（10）套在绕组线圈（20）外，上部连接涡轮转子（8）；涡轮转子（8）与调整环（17）之间通过转子上轴承（6）与径向轴承（7）对接，永久磁铁（10）与不旋转本体（1）的外凸沿通过转子下轴承（14）与本体轴承（15）对接，转子上轴承（6）与径向轴承（7）由定子压帽（2）与不旋转本体（1）固联后对接配合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的旋转磁场式井下发电装置，其特征在于：在定子压帽（2）与转子上轴承（6）和径向轴承（7）之间增设导流定子（3），导流定子（3）设有与涡轮转子（8）相同的外流道，导流定子（3）上设有定子泥浆通道（4），定子与转子之间的预留泥浆通道（12），泥浆通道（4）与转子上轴承（6）和径向轴承（7）之间的间隙、定子与转子之间的泥浆通道（12）和转子下轴承（14）与本体轴承（15）之间的间隙构成泥浆流道。
3.根据权利要求2所述的旋转磁场式井下发电装置，其特征在于：在导流定子（3）与转子上轴承（6）的结合部设有滑环（5）。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的旋转磁场式井下发电装置，其特征在于：转子的永久磁铁（10）内外分别装有非导磁内护罩（11）和铁轭（9），定子的绕组线圈（20）外带有绝缘外敷层（13），密封插件（16）与不旋转本体（1）插孔密封配合接入绕组线圈。
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| CN201110252606.0A CN102953912B (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | 旋转磁场式井下发电装置 |
| PCT/CN2012/080650 WO2013029524A1 (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-08-28 | 旋转磁场式井下发电装置 |
| GB1404839.1A GB2513988B (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-08-28 | Downhole rotating magnetic field generator |
| CA2849814A CA2849814C (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-08-28 | Downhole rotating magnetic field generator |
| RU2014110521A RU2613353C2 (ru) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-08-28 | Внутрискважинный генератор вращающегося магнитного поля |
| US14/241,903 US9598937B2 (en) | 2011-08-30 | 2012-08-28 | Rotating magnetic field downhole power generation device |
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| CN201110252606.0A CN102953912B (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | 旋转磁场式井下发电装置 |
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| CN102953912B CN102953912B (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
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| CN201110252606.0A Active CN102953912B (zh) | 2011-08-30 | 2011-08-30 | 旋转磁场式井下发电装置 |
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| US (1) | US9598937B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN102953912B (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2849814C (zh) |
| GB (1) | GB2513988B (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2613353C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2013029524A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
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| CN104514666A (zh) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种注水井井下发电系统及方法 |
| CN108119293A (zh) * | 2016-11-26 | 2018-06-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种井下发电装置 |
| CN113700433A (zh) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-26 | 西南石油大学 | 一种自发电风压电磁联合冲击自转式空气锤及使用方法 |
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| CN103928994B (zh) * | 2014-04-22 | 2017-01-25 | 孙东奎 | 一种发电机磁盘 |
| BR112017008467A2 (pt) * | 2014-12-09 | 2018-01-09 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | montagem de turbina de fundo de poço e método |
| US10472934B2 (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2019-11-12 | Novatek Ip, Llc | Downhole transducer assembly |
| US10113399B2 (en) | 2015-05-21 | 2018-10-30 | Novatek Ip, Llc | Downhole turbine assembly |
| WO2018093355A1 (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2018-05-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Systems and methods for directing fluid flow |
| US10439474B2 (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2019-10-08 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Turbines and methods of generating electricity |
| US11578535B2 (en) | 2019-04-11 | 2023-02-14 | Upwing Energy, Inc. | Lubricating downhole-type rotating machines |
| US10900285B2 (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-01-26 | Upwing Energy, LLC | Lubricating downhole-type rotating machines |
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| CN104514666A (zh) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种注水井井下发电系统及方法 |
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| CN108119293B (zh) * | 2016-11-26 | 2020-01-03 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种井下发电装置 |
| CN113700433A (zh) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-26 | 西南石油大学 | 一种自发电风压电磁联合冲击自转式空气锤及使用方法 |
| CN113700433B (zh) * | 2021-09-09 | 2023-05-12 | 西南石油大学 | 一种自发电风压电磁联合冲击自转式空气锤及使用方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20140251592A1 (en) | 2014-09-11 |
| RU2613353C2 (ru) | 2017-03-16 |
| US9598937B2 (en) | 2017-03-21 |
| GB2513988B (en) | 2017-11-01 |
| RU2014110521A (ru) | 2015-10-10 |
| CA2849814C (en) | 2019-09-24 |
| GB2513988A (en) | 2014-11-12 |
| GB201404839D0 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| WO2013029524A1 (zh) | 2013-03-07 |
| CN102953912B (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
| CA2849814A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 |
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