CN102952744B - Biomass hydrothermal pretreatment reactor - Google Patents
Biomass hydrothermal pretreatment reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102952744B CN102952744B CN201110254365.3A CN201110254365A CN102952744B CN 102952744 B CN102952744 B CN 102952744B CN 201110254365 A CN201110254365 A CN 201110254365A CN 102952744 B CN102952744 B CN 102952744B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biomass hydrothermal pretreatment reactor which comprises a heating and temperature control system, a hydrothermal pretreatment system, a magnetic stirring system, a cooling system and a reaction kettle lifting control system. The reactor disclosed by the invention can realize efficient hydrothermal pretreatment on biomass. The reactor is adjustable in three stirring modes for processing different kinds of biomass, and thus the practicability and treatment effect are enhanced; meanwhile, by adopting a dual-cooling and quick heating system, the time for reaching pretreatment reaction and the cooling time after the reaction ends are effectively shortened, the occurrence of side reaction is effectively reduced, and the pretreatment efficiency is increased; the reactor is flexible to operate, and a kettle body and a kettle cover can be lifted and lowered separately or in a combined manner; and moreover, the positions of the heating system and the cooling system of the reactor can be exchanged, and thus the system safety and convenience in operation are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological chemical field, particularly a kind of biomass pretreatment reaction device.
Background technology
Biomass are a kind of abundant, cheap renewable resourcess.It is that biomass are changed into fermentable sugar by enzymolysis that whole world various countries investigator utilizes route at one that goes all out to study, is more further fermented into alcohol.Enzymatic hydrolysis originates in nineteen sixties.Make catalyzer with enzyme at a lower temperature, make Mierocrystalline cellulose that special conversion can occur, there are higher production potential and reduce the growing amount of harmful toxic matter in acid hydrolysis.
But because Mierocrystalline cellulose in natural straw is by the matrix encirclement of hemicellulose and xylogen formation and the crystalline structure having of Mierocrystalline cellulose self, make zymin be difficult to contact with Mierocrystalline cellulose, directly impact connects enzymolysis efficiency and follow-up zymamsis concentration.Therefore, make full use of stalk resource and must first carry out effective pre-treatment to it.Pretreated object is the structure that changes natural cellulose, destroy the connection between Mierocrystalline cellulose-xylogen-hemicellulose, reduce cellulosic degree of crystallinity, slough xylogen, increase the sponginess of raw material, aperture in exposed fibers element or modification raw material is to make enzyme molecule can penetrate fiber and then to increase cellulase system and cellulosic effective contact, thus raising enzyme efficiency.
For this reason, investigators have inquired into multiple pretreatment process, comprise Physical, chemical method, biological process and synthetic method.Wherein, hydrothermal pretreatment is with its environmental friendliness, is easy to amplify and enjoys investigator to favor.But the reactor development that is specifically designed to hydrothermal pretreatment does not have too many progress, needs the efficient dedicated water heat pretreatment reactor of further exploiting economy.
Summary of the invention
[goal of the invention] the object of the invention is for biomass hydrothermal pretreatment provides a kind of special purpose reactor, uses this reactor can effectively improve pre-treatment efficiency.
[design of the present invention] more existing hydrothermal pretreatment reactors, without stirring, are unfavorable for the mass transfer in reaction process; Also the reactor having adopts single alr mode to go to process different biomass, has ignored the structural difference between different biomass, makes pretreating effect not ideal enough.In addition, most of reactors heat up slow with cooling rate, make its overlong time that reaches pretreatment temperature, cause side reaction odds in system to increase.In order to address these problems, invent this reactor, there are three kinds of alr modes adjustable, can be for the treatment of different types of biomass; Adopt two cooling and automotive quick-heat systems simultaneously, effectively shorten the cooling time after reaching time of pretreatment reaction and reaction and finishing, and then effectively reduce the generation of side reaction, increased pretreated efficiency; This reactor flexible operation, kettle, kettle cover can promote separately and step-down operation, also can carry out descending operation by zoarium; In addition, the heating of this reactor and cooling system position can exchange, and have strengthened the ease of use of system.
[technical solution of the present invention] essential structure of the present invention is as follows:
This reactor is by forming with lower component: magnetic agitation system (1); Explosion trap (2); Tensimeter (3); Kettle cover (4); Flange (5); Kettle (6); Spiral coil cooling tube (7); Stopple coupon (8); Lower shaft (9); Stirring rake (10); Oil drum (11); Temperature tube (12); Bearing (13); Column (14); Lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15); Lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16); Lifting screw (17); Tank (18); Axle sleeve (19); Electric machine support (20); Motor (21); Lifting screw (22); Handle (23) composition.
Material is added to after kettle (6), and the needs that regulate according to water content, add a certain amount of tap water or distilled water to regulate the water content of material, cover kettle cover (4), tighten the upper bolt of flange (5).Temperature sensor probe is inserted to temperature tube (12).Open magnetic agitation system (1), drive stirring rake (10), carry out fully stirring material being mixed with water.Three kinds of stirring rakes: six curved leaf open turbine formulas, Bu Lumajinshi and three leaf push types are replaceable, select according to processed biomass different sorts.By handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes the reactor entirety having closed the lid to being raised to behind oil drum (11) top of certain temperature with lifting screw (17), use again handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly inserted reactor entirety in oil bath with lifting screw (17).Oil drum upper opening makes reactor can enter smoothly oil bath, the selection of oil bath temperature is controlled at 150 DEG C-600 DEG C according to reaction temperature and the time used by electric heating system, temperature in reactor is controlled at 150 DEG C-500 DEG C, and precision is by temperature controlling system control.According to biomass kind difference, setting soaking time is 1min-120min.After reflection finishes, by handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes reactor entirety to certain altitude with lifting screw (17), by the rotation displacement oil drum (11) of turning axle and the position of tank (18), make tank just be positioned at reactor below.Use again handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly put into tank (18) with lifting screw (17) by reactor entirety, tap water is connected with assisted reaction still fast cooling by rubber tubing with spiral coil cooling tube (7) simultaneously.In the time that temperature drops to below 40 DEG C, reactor is taken out from tank.Unload bolt, with handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes after kettle cover with lifting screw (17), takes out the biomass in kettle (6), completes the pre-treatment to biomass.
Biomass water heat pretreatment reactor of the present invention can be used for the pre-treatment of following biomass: maize straw, rice straw, wheat stalk, beanstalk, Chinese sorghum, sweet sorghum, the agricultural crop straws such as peanut seedling or shell; Clover, hybrid giant napier, the herbaceous plant such as reed; Wood shavings or sawdust, the each several part of the xylophytas such as twig; The each several part of Chinese silvergrass, switchgrass, fast-growing willow equal energy source plant.
The present invention has following characteristics and advantage:
1. simple in structure, easy to operate, double lifting system is set, can be by kettle or the independent lifting of kettle cover, again can be by kettle kettle cover integral elevating;
2. heating oil bath and cooling trough position can freely facilitate exchange, have increased the handiness of operation;
3. adopt three kinds of changable type stirring rakes, for the research of different sorts biomass, strengthened the suitability of reactor;
4. heat-up rate is fast, and temperature control is superior, effectively reduces side reaction and occurs;
5. there are two cooling systems, can fast cooling.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 biomass water heat pretreatment reactor;
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As accompanying drawing 1, maize straw is added after reactor (6), the needs that regulate according to water content, adding a certain amount of tap water to regulate the water content of material is 92% (w/w).Cover kettle cover (4), tighten after the upper bolt of flange (5), temperature sensor probe is inserted to temperature tube (12).Open magnetic agitation system (1), drive the curved leaf open turbine of stirring rake (10)-six formula, stirring velocity is controlled at 50rpm, and material is mixed with water.By handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) and lifting screw (17) are to having risen to behind oil bath (11) top of 250 DEG C, use again lifting screw handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly inserted reactor in oil bath with lifting screw (17).When question response still temperature rise to 180 DEG C, start timing, after 20 minutes, reaction finishes.By handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes reactor to certain altitude with lifting screw (17), by turning axle by tank (18) and oil drum (11) location swap, make reactor make to be positioned at tank (18) top, again by rising handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly put into tank (18) with lifting screw (17) by reactor, tap water and spiral coil cooling tube (6) are connected with assisted reaction still fast cooling by rubber tubing simultaneously.After 20 minutes, in the time that temperature drops to 40 DEG C, by handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) takes out reactor with lifting screw (17) from tank, opens kettle cover, take out material, complete the processing to material.
Pretreated maize straw is carried out to solid-liquid separation, and solid materials water content is 45%, adds in proportion after 30IU cellulase/g Mierocrystalline cellulose for cellulosic enzymolysis, and after enzymolysis 48h, cellulosic enzymatic hydrolyzation is 79%.Corresponding not pretreated maize straw, its enzymatic hydrolyzation only has 23%.
Embodiment 2
As accompanying drawing 1, maize straw is added after reactor (6), the needs that regulate according to water content, adding a certain amount of tap water to regulate the water content of material is 85% (w/w).Cover kettle cover (4), tighten after the upper bolt of flange (5), temperature sensor probe is inserted to temperature tube (12).Open magnetic agitation system (1), drive stirring rake (10)-Bu Lumajinshi, stirring velocity is controlled at 80rpm, and material is mixed with water.By handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) and lifting screw (17) are to having risen to behind oil bath (11) top of 300 DEG C, use again lifting screw handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly inserted reactor in oil bath with lifting screw (17).When question response still temperature rise to 190 DEG C, start timing, after 15 minutes, reaction finishes.By handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes reactor to certain altitude with lifting screw (17), by turning axle by tank (18) and oil drum (11) location swap, make reactor make to be positioned at tank (18) top, again by rising handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly put into tank (18) with lifting screw (17) by reactor, tap water and spiral coil cooling tube (6) are connected with assisted reaction still fast cooling by rubber tubing simultaneously.After 20 minutes, in the time that temperature drops to 40 DEG C, by handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) takes out reactor with lifting screw (17) from tank, opens kettle cover, take out material, complete the processing to material.
Pretreated rice straw is carried out to solid-liquid separation, and solid materials water content is 40%, carries out viride solid state fermentation as the culture medium of cellulase.Raw material after treatment and wheat bran are according to carrying out proportioning at 4: 1, add the inorganic salt solution (ammonium sulfate 6% (w/w) of 1: 2.5 (w/w), magnesium sulfate 3% (w/w), dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 1.5% (w/w)), at 121 DEG C, carry out after sterilizing 30min, cooling, the viride seed liquor of inoculating 1: 0.5 (w/v) is fermented, temperature is 29 DEG C, ferment after 6 days, enzyme is lived as 59IU/g dry medium, considerably beyond contrast (untreated) 13IU/g dry medium.
Embodiment 3
As accompanying drawing 1, maize straw is added after reactor (6), the needs that regulate according to water content, adding a certain amount of tap water to regulate the water content of material is 80% (w/w).Cover kettle cover (4), tighten after the upper bolt of flange (5), temperature sensor probe is inserted to temperature tube (12).Open magnetic agitation system (1), drive stirring rake (10)-tri-leaf push type, stirring velocity is controlled at 60rpm, and material is mixed with water.By handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) and lifting screw (17) are to having risen to behind oil bath (11) top of 350 DEG C, use again lifting screw handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly inserted reactor in oil bath with lifting screw (17).When question response still temperature rise to 200 DEG C, start timing, after 10 minutes, reaction finishes.By handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes reactor to certain altitude with lifting screw (17), by turning axle by tank (18) and oil drum (11) location swap, make reactor make to be positioned at tank (18) top, again by rising handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly put into tank (18) with lifting screw (17) by reactor, tap water and spiral coil cooling tube (6) are connected with assisted reaction still fast cooling by rubber tubing simultaneously.After 20 minutes, in the time that temperature drops to 40 DEG C, by handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) takes out reactor with lifting screw (17) from tank, opens kettle cover, take out material, complete the processing to material.
Pretreated rice straw is carried out to solid-liquid separation, and solid materials water content is 42%.This raw material is for biogas fermentation, and with respect to the raw material of disregarding, improve 4 days on aerogenesis peak, within 9 days, completes gas generation process in advance.
Claims (1)
1. a biomass water heat pretreatment reactor, is characterized in that: this reactor is by forming with lower component: magnetic agitation system (1); Explosion trap (2); Tensimeter (3); Kettle cover (4); Flange (5); Kettle (6); Spiral coil cooling tube (7); Stopple coupon (8); Lower shaft (9); Stirring rake (10); Oil drum (11); Temperature tube (12); Bearing (13); Column (14); Lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15); Lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16); Lifting screw (17); Tank (18); Axle sleeve (19); Electric machine support (20); Motor (21); Handle (23) composition;
Material is added to after kettle (6), the needs that regulate according to water content, add a certain amount of tap water or distilled water to regulate the water content of material, cover kettle cover (4), tighten the upper bolt of flange (5), temperature sensor probe is inserted to temperature tube (12), open magnetic agitation system (1), drive stirring rake (10), carry out fully stirring material being mixed with water, three kinds of stirring rakes: six curved leaf open turbine formulas, Bu Lumajinshi and three leaf push types are replaceable, select according to processed biomass different sorts, by handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes the reactor entirety having closed the lid to being raised to behind oil drum (11) top of certain temperature with lifting screw (17), use again handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly inserted reactor entirety in oil bath with lifting screw (17), oil drum upper opening makes reactor can enter smoothly oil bath, after reaction finishes, by handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes reactor entirety to certain altitude with lifting screw (17), by the rotation displacement oil drum (11) of turning axle and the position of tank (18), make tank just be positioned at reactor below, use again handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 1 (15), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) is slowly put into tank (18) with lifting screw (17) by reactor entirety, tap water is connected with assisted reaction still fast cooling by rubber tubing with spiral coil cooling tube (7) simultaneously, in the time that temperature drops to below 40 DEG C, reactor is taken out from tank, unload bolt, with handle (23), lifting permanent sleeve 2 (16) promotes after kettle cover with lifting screw (17), take out the biomass in kettle (6), complete the pre-treatment to biomass.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201110254365.3A CN102952744B (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2011-08-31 | Biomass hydrothermal pretreatment reactor |
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| CN201110254365.3A CN102952744B (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2011-08-31 | Biomass hydrothermal pretreatment reactor |
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| CN102952744A CN102952744A (en) | 2013-03-06 |
| CN102952744B true CN102952744B (en) | 2014-07-30 |
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| CN103908934A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-07-09 | 大连隆星新材料有限公司 | Preparation apparatus for polyethylene wax micropowder |
| CN110038504A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-23 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | A kind of reaction system suitable for supercritical water oxidation intermittent duty |
| CN110237797A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-09-17 | 铜仁学院 | A kind of hydrothermal reaction kettle |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2623327Y (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-07-07 | 山东大学 | High pressure reaction kettle for controlling water and solvent thermal reaction process |
| KR100859200B1 (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2008-09-18 | 한국지질자원연구원 | High-temperature extracting apparatus with ultrasonic waves |
| CN201871371U (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-06-22 | 郑国兴 | Cooling reactor |
| CN102145274A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-08-10 | 广西大学 | Device for liquefying lignocellulose material |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2623327Y (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-07-07 | 山东大学 | High pressure reaction kettle for controlling water and solvent thermal reaction process |
| KR100859200B1 (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2008-09-18 | 한국지질자원연구원 | High-temperature extracting apparatus with ultrasonic waves |
| CN201871371U (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-06-22 | 郑国兴 | Cooling reactor |
| CN102145274A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-08-10 | 广西大学 | Device for liquefying lignocellulose material |
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