CN102948282B - Wheatear germination degree detection method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention provides a wheatear germination degree detection method, which comprises: S1, acquiring an image of wheat germination kernal; S2, according to the image, determining whether the wheat germination kernel turns into white, and acquiring a plumule image of the wheat germination kernel; and S3, according to the plumule image of the wheat germination kernel, calculating a plumule length, and determining a level of the wheatear germination degree according to whether the wheat germination kernel turns into white and the plumule length of the wheat germination kernel. According to the present invention, the wheatear germination degree is detected, such that rapid and non-destructive measurement can be achieved; various stage fine division is performed on the whole germination process, such that the turning-into-white state at the early germination stage can be determined, and the specific length of the wheat plumule at the germination middle-later stage can be obtained so as to grade the wheatear germination degree, and establish a method basis for rapid and automated quantitative detection of the wheatear germination degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop breeding and image recognition technology field, particularly a grow wheat wheat head germination degree detecting method.
Background technology
The wheat wheat head germinates and refers to that wheat runs into the phenomenon of germinateing on the rainy weather wheat head in harvest time, and it is the problem of a world wide that the wheat wheat head germinates, and mainly is distributed in the area of easy rainfall harvest time, is a kind of serious natural calamity.The wheat wheat head germinates and not only can make wheat yield reduce but also can make the quality of wheat be had a strong impact on by the wheat wheat head a series of physiological change that cause of germinateing, and has influence on enterprise and peasant's economic interests.Therefore, the detection that the wheat wheat head germinates has great importance.It is relevant with many factors such as the length of clever shell morphology, awns, kernel seed coat colour, seed size, α-amylasecontents that the wheat wheat head germinates.
The authentication method germinateed for the wheat wheat head at present mainly contains three kinds: seed germination experiment, whole fringe germination test and enzyme assay.The index of identifying has morphological index, biochemical indicator, germination rate or germination index.Morphological index mainly judges by artificial visually examine's method whether seed germinates, thereby calculates germination rate, weighs the degree of germination, and this method is subject to the impact of artificial subjective factor, needs to observe seed by grain simultaneously, and efficiency is lower.The measurement of biochemical indicator mainly, by measuring sedimentation value, alpha-amylase activity, means the degree that fringe germinates, and this method has destructiveness, and complicated operation, takes time and effort.
A kind of inspection of germinated rice seed on panicle method based on machine vision has been proposed in prior art.Wherein, machine vision is exactly to utilize machine vision product as industrial camera, the first-class image that replaces human eye to obtain object of making a video recording, and the picture that utilizes machine vision to obtain is obtained to the characteristic information of target object in conjunction with corresponding image processing algorithm.At present machine vision has been widely used in the seed Non-Destructive Testing aspects such as seed quality detection and classification, seed disease insect pest detection.Application along with machine vision technique in agricultural, the existing report that applies to seed and fringe germination detection about machine vision technique at present.At first the method is to utilize the seed rice quality testing machine vision system of development to obtain respectively two kinds of seed rice images black, white background, then image is carried out to pretreatment, obtains corresponding bianry image, obtains seed rice contour feature parameter.After utilizing principal component analysis to carry out the dimensionality reduction operation to characteristic parameter, characteristic parameter is inputted as network, network structure is optimized and trains up the rear two-layer artificial neural network of setting up respectively each kind, be used for normal paddy and bud paddy are identified.
A kind of seed sprouting detection method based on the grenz ray technology has also been proposed in prior art.The method is to utilize the grenz ray system to obtain the X ray picture of chitting piece and healthy seed simultaneously.Just can see very clearly in the ray diagram of all chitting pieces all spots of adularescent from X ray picture.Extract 55 characteristics of image that comprise gray level model and histogram the image that utilizes corresponding algorithm to obtain from scanning, then utilize statistics and neural network classifier to be identified chitting piece and healthy seed.
Yet traditional wheat ear germinating degree detecting method, about the inspection of germinated rice seed on panicle method based on machine vision, only can realize identifying the qualitative judgement of healthy seed and bud seed-grain; The seed sprouting detection method of utilization based on the grenz ray technology is to obtain the characteristic information of image equally, utilizes statistics and neural network classifier to be identified seed, also do not realize the quantitative detection to wheat wheat head germination intensity grade.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem solved
The technical problem that the present invention solves is: realize the problem to the quantitative detection of wheat wheat head germination intensity grade.
(2) technical scheme
The present invention proposes a grow wheat wheat head germination degree detecting method, described method comprises step:
S1: the image that gathers the wheat germination seed;
S2: according to described image, judge whether described wheat germination seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and obtain the plumule image of described wheat germination seed;
S3: according to the plumule image of described wheat germination seed, calculate radicel length, and whether show money or valuables one carries unintentionally and the radicel length of described wheat germination seed according to described wheat germination seed, judge the grade of wheat wheat head germination degree.
Preferably, before described step S1, comprise: the wheat wheat head is carried out to pretreatment, obtain described wheat germination seed.
Preferably, judging according to described image whether described wheat germination seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally described in step S2 specifically comprises: described image is carried out to background correction, obtain the gray-scale map of described wheat germination seed, if there is trough to occur in described gray-scale map, the current form of described wheat germination seed is for showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
Preferably, the plumule image that obtains described wheat germination seed described in step S2 specifically comprises:
S21: described image is carried out to background correction;
S22: the grey level histogram that obtains red channel, green channel and the blue channel of described wheat germination seed plumule and kind body;
S23: more described plumule and plant the grey level histogram of each passage of body respectively, choose the passage corresponding to grey level histogram of difference maximum, carry out background segment according to the threshold value that occurs trough in this passage grey level histogram;
S24: the image obtained after cutting apart is carried out to the operation of morphology processing and extraction skeleton, obtain the plumule image of described wheat germination seed.
Preferably, described step S21 specifically comprises: described image is carried out to the gaussian filtering processing, image after processing is changed into to bianry image, background pixel in bianry image is changed into to black with position corresponding in coloured image, in coloured image, the image of other positions soon background of coloured image that remains unchanged is changed into black, completes the correction of coloured image background.
Preferably, described step S3 specifically comprises:
S31: the proportionate relationship of calculating actual size and pixel;
S32: according to described proportionate relationship, be actual radicel length by the pixel transitions of the plumule image of described wheat germination seed.
Preferably, described method also comprises whether the image that judges the wheat germination seed has obvious metamorphosis, if nothing is early stage wheat germination seed or normal wheat seed.
Preferably, described method also comprises whether the image that judges the wheat germination seed has leaf, if having, for entering the wheat germination seed of a leaf phase.
Preferably, described method also comprises the grade of setting wheat wheat head germination degree, specifically comprises:
Described wheat germination seed, without obvious metamorphosis, is 1st ~ 2 grades; Showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, is the 3rd grade; Radicel length is 1mm, is the 4th grade; Radicel length is 2 ~ 3mm, is the 5th grade; Radicel length is 4 ~ 9mm, is the 6th grade; Radicel length is 10 ~ 19mm, is the 7th grade; Radicel length is 20 ~ 29mm, is the 8th grade; Radicel length is 30 ~ 39mm, is the 9th grade; Radicel length surpasses 40mm, enters a leaf phase, is the 10th grade.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention is detected the wheat ear germinating degree, can realize quick, nondestructive measurement, by the germination overall process being carried out to the segmentation in each stage, can judge the early stage state that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally that germinates, and can access the concrete length of the middle and later periods wheat embryo that germinates, thereby carry out the division of fringe grade of germination, for the change fast and automatically that realizes the wheat ear germinating degree quantitatively detects and established the method basis.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the wheat wheat head germination degree detecting method that proposes of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the present invention's germination seed plumule proposed and blue channel grey level histogram of planting body;
Fig. 3 be respectively the present invention propose for wheat germination seed red green passage addition result gray-scale map and 72 hours red channel gray-scale maps in the time of 48 hours;
Fig. 4 is respectively the image that carrying out after the morphology processing of proposing of the present invention obtains 48 hours and 72 hours;
Fig. 5 is respectively the image that being extracted after skeleton operation of proposing of the present invention obtains 48 hours and 72 hours.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.
Embodiment 1:
The present invention proposes a grow wheat wheat head germination degree detecting method, this detection side's ratio juris is: the wheat germination seed is comprised of kind of a body, plumule and radicle.On the seed mode of appearance that the wheat wheat head germinates, can change, during such as early stage imbibition, volume becomes large, the breaking of embryo while showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the growth of radicle plumule etc.These morphological indexs have reflected the degree that fringe germinates.Utilize machine vision to obtain the image of wheat germination seed, by image processing techniques, obtain above-mentioned morphological parameters, can judge whether the wheat wheat head germinates, and the degree of wheat wheat head germination.As the flow chart that Fig. 1 is the wheat wheat head germination degree detecting method based on machine vision that proposes of the present invention, described method comprises step:
S1: the image that gathers the wheat germination seed;
Collecting method is by the at first threshing of the wheat wheat head, after the selection by winnowing removal of impurities, obtains wheat seed, then by wheat germination seed ventral groove downwards, individual layer, evenly be placed on the test desk of black background, utilize colour imagery shot to obtain its image.
S2: according to described image, judge whether described wheat germination seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and obtain the plumule image of described wheat germination seed;
S3: according to the plumule image of described wheat germination seed, calculate radicel length, and whether show money or valuables one carries unintentionally and the radicel length of described wheat germination seed according to described wheat germination seed, judge the grade of wheat wheat head germination degree.
Before described step S1, comprise: the wheat wheat head is carried out to pretreatment, obtain described wheat germination seed.
Judging according to described image whether described wheat germination seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally described in step S2 specifically comprises: described image is carried out to background correction, obtain the gray-scale map of described wheat germination seed, if there is trough to occur in described gray-scale map, the current form of described wheat germination seed is for showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
For the wheat seed do not germinateed, the color of its whole kernel is consistent basically, and the germination seed is due to the color of its kind of body and the otherness between the germination field color, must have the generation of transition color, on gray-scale map, the gray-scale map of germination seed distributes wider than the scope of the gray-scale map of the seed that do not germinate, and still has crest to occur in highlight regions, therefore exist according to the peak-to-peak trough of judgement ripple, judge that whether the wheat germination seed is for showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
The plumule image that obtains described wheat germination seed described in step S2 specifically comprises:
S21: described image is carried out to background correction;
Described image is carried out to the gaussian filtering processing, the image after processing is changed into to bianry image,
In coloured image, the background pixel with in bianry image, in corresponding coloured image, black is changed in position, and in coloured image, the image of other positions soon background of coloured image that remains unchanged is changed into black, completes the correction of coloured image background.
S22: the grey level histogram that obtains red channel, green channel and the blue channel of wheat germination seed plumule and kind body;
S23: more described plumule and plant the grey level histogram of each passage of body respectively, choose the passage corresponding to grey level histogram of difference maximum, carry out background segment according to the threshold value that occurs trough in this passage grey level histogram;
S24: the image obtained after cutting apart is carried out to the operation of morphology processing and extraction skeleton, obtain the plumule image of described wheat germination seed.
Described step S21 specifically comprises: described image is carried out to the gaussian filtering processing, image after processing is changed into to bianry image, in coloured image, black is changed in position the background pixel with in bianry image in corresponding coloured image, in coloured image, the image of other positions soon background of coloured image that remains unchanged is changed into black, completes the correction of coloured image background.
Calculating radicel length described in step S3 specifically comprises:
S31: the proportionate relationship of calculating actual size and pixel;
S32: according to described proportionate relationship, be actual radicel length by the pixel transitions of the plumule image of described wheat germination seed.
Described method also comprises whether the image that judges the wheat germination seed has obvious metamorphosis, if nothing is early stage wheat germination seed or normal wheat seed.
Described method also comprises whether the image that judges the wheat germination seed has leaf, if having, for entering the wheat germination seed of a leaf phase.
Described method also comprises the grade of setting wheat wheat head germination degree, is specially: described wheat germination seed, without obvious metamorphosis, is 1st ~ 2 grades; Showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, is the 3rd grade; Radicel length is 1mm, is the 4th grade; Radicel length is 2 ~ 3mm, is the 5th grade; Radicel length is 4 ~ 9mm, is the 6th grade; Radicel length is 10 ~ 19mm, is the 7th grade; Radicel length is 20 ~ 29mm, is the 8th grade; Radicel length is 30 ~ 39mm, is the 9th grade; Radicel length surpasses 40mm, enters a leaf phase, is the 10th grade.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment be the present invention in conjunction with example, the embodiment to the wheat wheat head germination degree detecting method based on machine vision describes, be specially:
Obtaining of wheat seed.Testing wheat breed used is capital winter 8, capital 411, middle wheat 175, agricultural university 211, middle wheat 16, capital winter 13, agricultural university 3432, agricultural university 3291.Concrete grammar is to fetch respectively each ten wheat head threshings of each kind from field, through pretreatment such as selection by winnowing removal of impurities, obtains wheat seed.For obtaining having the seed of different germination degree, carry out the seed sprouting experiment, concrete grammar is after wheat seed is rinsed repeatedly with running water, putting into 5% liquor natrii hypochloritis carries out disinfection after 5min, with distilled water, repeatedly rinse again, then ventral groove is put into the culture dish that is covered with two layers of filter paper downwards, adds appropriate distilled water to be germinateed.Gather its image germinateing to the different time periods.
Wheat germination seed RGB IMAQ.After 24 hours, start to obtain the image of germinated wheat seed in the seed sprouting experiment.Choose 30 wheat germination seeds at every turn, ventral groove downwards, individual layer, evenly be placed on the test desk of black background.Utilize colour imagery shot to obtain respectively the RGB image of its 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours.
The mensuration of germination degree.The mensuration of seed sprouting degree comprises the identification whether early stage chitting piece shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, the obtaining of seed intermediary and later stages germination length.Concrete operation step is as follows:
1, the judgement that whether early stage wheat germination seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally:
The wheat germination seed RGB image obtained is carried out to background correction: the wheat germination seed RGB image of 24 hours is carried out to the gaussian filtering processing, this filtering adopts is the Gaussian filter that size is 15, standard deviation is 1, and the half-tone information of image is expanded to surrounding.Select red channel in the RGB image that the RGB image transitions of wheat germination seed is become to bianry image, in coloured image, the background in three passages all is replaced into to 0, finally combine three passages and be reduced to coloured image, to remove the interference of background information.
For the seed do not germinateed, the color of its whole kernel is consistent basically, and the seed germinateed is due to the color of its kind of body and the otherness between the germination field color, must have the generation of transition color, on gray-scale map, the gray-scale map of germination seed distributes wider than its scope of the gray-scale map of the seed that do not germinate, and also has the appearance of crest at the gray-scale map of highlight regions germination seed.For this example, extract seed sprouting zone and red channel, green channel, the blue channel of planting body region after pretreatment, obtain the grey level histogram of these three passages.By observing the grey level histogram of these three passages, can find to there is no any difference for red channel, cannot be for cutting apart; The difference of green channel is very little, equally also is not suitable for cutting apart; And the blue channel of planting body is 130 rear substantially distribute, a trough has appearred in the blue channel of germination at 130 places, a crest occurs at 150 places, and this trough is that color transition produces, and this crest is the regional feature that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.Therefore select blue channel, threshold value 130 is cut apart, and obtains the image partly that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and then obtains the area of the part that shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, if this size is not 0, illustrates that this seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.Referring to Fig. 2.
2, obtaining of germination middle and later periods Wheat Grain Germination length: in the middle and later periods of seed sprouting, the bud of seed is long clearly, utilize corresponding image processing algorithm to obtain the image partly that germinates, obtain the length partly of germinateing, in conjunction with wheat wheat head germination degree, carry out grade classification.Concrete grammar is as follows:
The wheat germination seed RGB image obtained is carried out to background correction, and the Method for Background Correction in the judgement whether this Method for Background Correction shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally with early stage wheat germination seed is identical, at this, is not just repeating.
Wherein, for choosing of passage, the RGB image obtained is converted into to other color mode space according to its Color Distribution Features or chooses a certain passage wherein or the combination of several passages, so that prominent features information is translated into gray level image.As shown in Figure 3, for the wheat seed of 48 hours, adopt result after red channel and green channel addition as gray level image.For the wheat seeds of 72 hours, adopt red channel as gray level image.
For choosing of threshold value, after choosing suitable passage, because area-of-interest is comparatively outstanding, both half-tone informations also have obvious difference, adopt the grey level histogram method to select threshold value, change into bianry image.For the image of 48h, the threshold value of choosing is that the threshold value that 0.8,72h image is chosen is 0.16.
For obtaining of plumule image, resulting bianry image is carried out to morphological operation, adopt the methods such as burn into expansion, opening operation, closed operation, extraction skeleton to obtain the length partly of germinateing.For this test, the image of checking after cutting apart of the collar plate shape that radius is 8 is opened operation, removes the interference of noise, obtains the image partly that germinates, as shown in Figure 4.Image to the part of germinateing carries out the skeletonizing extraction, as shown in Figure 5, calculates the length of skeleton, obtains germinate length partly, i.e. coleoptile length.
The calculating of radicel length, the size of the RGB image directly obtained means by pixel, therefore pixel count need to be converted to actual length.Computational methods for engineer's scale are by the ruler horizontal positioned, in order to reduce error, obtain the image of ten these rulers of width, get its pixel average, then are compared with real value, obtain the ratio relation between actual size and pixel.After the wheat embryo length that the pixel of obtaining is meaned utilizes the aforementioned proportion chi to be changed, thereby obtain final radicel length.
The judgement of fringe germination intensity grade.Process the seed information obtained according to image, carry out the judgement of seed sprouting intensity grade, obtain the grade that concrete each kind is germinateed at the different period wheat wheat heads, and then realize the detection to the wheat ear germinating degree.
Above embodiment is only for illustrating the present invention; and be not limitation of the present invention; the those of ordinary skill in relevant technologies field; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can also make a variety of changes and modification; therefore all technical schemes that are equal to also belong to category of the present invention, and scope of patent protection of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. a grow wheat wheat head germination degree detecting method, is characterized in that, described method comprises step:
S1: the image that gathers the wheat germination seed;
S2: according to described image, judge whether described wheat germination seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and obtain the plumule image of described wheat germination seed;
S3: according to the plumule image of described wheat germination seed, calculate radicel length, and whether show money or valuables one carries unintentionally and the radicel length of described wheat germination seed according to described wheat germination seed, judge the grade of wheat wheat head germination degree;
Judging according to described image whether described wheat germination seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally described in step S2 specifically comprises: described image is carried out to background correction, obtain the gray-scale map of described wheat germination seed, if there is trough to occur in described gray-scale map, the current form of described wheat germination seed is for showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally;
The plumule image that obtains described wheat germination seed described in step S2 specifically comprises:
S21: described image is carried out to background correction;
S22: the grey level histogram that obtains red channel, green channel and the blue channel of described wheat germination seed plumule and kind body;
S23: more described plumule and plant the grey level histogram of each passage of body respectively, choose the passage corresponding to grey level histogram of difference maximum, carry out background segment according to the threshold value that occurs trough in this passage grey level histogram;
S24: the image obtained after cutting apart is carried out to the operation of morphology processing and extraction skeleton, obtain the plumule image of described wheat germination seed;
Described step S21 specifically comprises: described image is carried out to the gaussian filtering processing, image after processing is changed into to bianry image, background pixel in bianry image is changed into to black with position corresponding in coloured image, in coloured image, the image of other positions soon background of coloured image that remains unchanged is changed into black, completes the correction of coloured image background;
Calculating radicel length described in step S3 specifically comprises:
S31: the proportionate relationship of calculating actual size and pixel;
S32: according to described proportionate relationship, be actual radicel length by the pixel transitions of the plumule image of described wheat germination seed;
Described method also comprises the grade of setting wheat wheat head germination degree, specifically comprises:
Described wheat germination seed, without obvious metamorphosis, is 1st～2 grades; Showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, is the 3rd grade; Radicel length is 1mm, is the 4th grade; Radicel length is 2～3mm, is the 5th grade; Radicel length is 4～9mm, is the 6th grade; Radicel length is 10～19mm, is the 7th grade; Radicel length is 20～29mm, is the 8th grade; Radicel length is 30～39mm, is the 9th grade; Radicel length surpasses 40mm, enters a leaf phase, is the 10th grade.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, before described step S1, comprises: the wheat wheat head is carried out to pretreatment, obtain described wheat germination seed.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises whether the image that judges the wheat germination seed has obvious metamorphosis, if nothing is early stage wheat germination seed or normal wheat seed.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises whether the image that judges the wheat germination seed has leaf, if having, for entering the wheat germination seed of a leaf phase.
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| CN104217400B (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2017-06-27 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | The method and electronic equipment of a kind of image procossing |
| CN103745478B (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2016-06-08 | 山东农业大学 | Machine vision determination method for wheat germination rate |
| CN106576499A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-04-26 | 深圳前海弘稼科技有限公司 | Method and device for prompting plant germination, planting monitoring terminal and server |
| CN107121397B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-06-11 | 江苏天丰种业有限公司 | Wheat germination rate cuts embryo rapid detection method |
| CN109086823B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2022-02-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Automatic statistical method for wheat scab ear disease rate |
| CN109523509B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-08-13 | 航天新气象科技有限公司 | Method and device for detecting heading stage of wheat and electronic equipment |
| CN110186924B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-11-05 | 长沙荣业智能制造有限公司 | A kind of rice variety intelligent detecting method, system and device |
| CN111008563B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2023-05-23 | 湖北工程学院 | Dim light scene seed germination detection method and device and readable storage medium |
| CN111537505B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-06-28 | 邯郸市农业科学院 | Method for evaluating disastrous rainfall encountered in wheat harvesting period |
| CN113469112B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-06-21 | 三门峡市乡村振兴局 | Crop growth condition image identification method and system |
| CN113826542A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-24 | 湖南米米梦工场科技股份有限公司 | Production method of germinated brown rice |
| CN113875349B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-07-05 | 四川农业大学 | Intelligent cultivation device and cultivation method for peanut germination |
| CN115088416B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2023-07-28 | 南京农业大学 | Crop seed germination rate detection device and image detection method thereof |
| CN116326284A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-06-27 | 粤海永顺泰(广州)麦芽有限公司 | Beer barley pre-germination rate judging method |
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