CN102947996B - For the equipment of humidification anodic gas - Google Patents
For the equipment of humidification anodic gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102947996B CN102947996B CN201180029684.2A CN201180029684A CN102947996B CN 102947996 B CN102947996 B CN 102947996B CN 201180029684 A CN201180029684 A CN 201180029684A CN 102947996 B CN102947996 B CN 102947996B
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- Prior art keywords
- anode chamber
- separator
- damping device
- flow
- gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04149—Humidifying by diffusion, e.g. making use of membranes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment carrying out humidification for the anode chamber (3) to fuel cell (2) and/or the air-flow that flows to the anode chamber (3) of fuel cell (2).This equipment comprises the separator (8) that is arranged in from the exhaust stream of anode chamber (3) and comprises damping device (11), and described damping device arranges and is used for inputting water at least partially to anode chamber (3) and/or the air-flow that flows to anode chamber (3).Separator (8) is connected by a duct element (10) with damping device (11).Being provided with between anode chamber (3) and separator (8) can by the back-flow preventer of percolation (12) on the direction towards separator (8).Be provided with the device for carrying out pressure-loaded to separator (8), bring up to higher than the pressure in the region of damping device (11) when the pressure in the region of separator (8) can be made to have at least by this device.Described pressure-loaded is undertaken by gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the equipment of the air-flow flowed in a kind of anode chamber for humidifying fuel cell by claim 1 preamble specific definition type and/or the anode chamber to fuel cell.
Background technology
Fuel cell or be generally utilize the hydrogen in anode-side and the oxygen at cathode side or air to run by the battery pack formed of individual fuel cells, i.e. so-called fuel cell unit.The hydrogen of anode side flowing is generally the hydrogen from compressed gas storage device in this regard.Hydrogen flow in anode region by not adding wetland in most instances for the valve gear reduced pressure.The anode chamber of fuel cell often utilizes the air through humidification to run as oxygen supplier in this regard.This point is reasonable and necessity, because for fuel cell, the i.e. PEM fuel cell of most common type in the application of particularly automotive field, polymer film must have certain humidification to keep the normal function of battery.In this regard, the realizing fairly simple and mostly enough guarantee it is at least basic humidification of air wetting of in general fuel battery negative pole side.
And hydrogen is generally be transported to fuel cell dryly from compressed gas storage device.This point particularly has problems to first row cell, because the anode-side of these cells is not by humidification to the first cell in fuel cell unit or in the fuel cell unit of series connection.This point makes the proton conductivity of diaphragm be deteriorated and therefore cause electrical efficiency to be deteriorated in the region of these cells or this row cell.
DE 10110419A1 and US 2001/021468A1 describes a kind of fuel cell system, wherein describes adding humidity project on the anode side and adding humidity project on the cathode side.According to each scheme, in this regard by water vapour by diaphragm make the corresponding humidification of the exhaust stream of male or female incoming gas separately---i.e. air or oxygen.In addition have separator, water residual after crossing diaphragm humidification module at percolation is separated in liquid form by this separator from respective exhaust.Then these water are collected and are again transported to by pump and unidirectional valve in the region of the gas of anode room or cathode chamber flowing, and its for humidification and percolation cross membrane module after in the region of described gas, be such as transferred by spraying into.
The damping device with multiple membrane module form and the structure more complicated therefore very expensive in this regard of carrying out humidification by the water that separator is collected.In addition, particularly in the region of anode, need larger structure space, the major defect of this point is, here larger length of flow appears in duct element, parts and aspect like this.Because the hydrogen more complicated of sealed inside flowing and divergence loss are in fact inevitable here, this point has certain disadvantages in the hydrogen consumption estimated.
In addition, in the region of the collection container of separator, need water pump all the time, thus occur parasitic power demand thus, it makes the gross efficiency phase strain differential of fuel cell system.Which kind of degree should be compensated to by the humidification of the first battery row or the first battery row that improve fuel cell system, according to carried out calculating and research, at least in the anode chamber of fuel cell, also there is query.
In US 2007/048572A1, disclose a kind of scheme for cathode side, wherein recycle water by pressure reduction.
Summary of the invention
Here the object of the invention is to, there is provided a kind of equipment of air-flow that have above-mentioned prior art principal character, that flow in the anode chamber for humidifying fuel cell and/or the anode chamber to fuel cell, this equipment can produce a kind of structure of very simple, compact and high energy efficiency in addition.
This object is achieved by the feature described in claim 1 characteristic according to the present invention.According to the advantageous execution mode of other tools of equipment of the present invention in this regard from its dependent claims.
Therefore propose according to structure of the present invention, be provided with between anode chamber and separator can on the direction of separator by the back-flow preventer of percolation.In addition the device for carrying out pressure-loaded to separator by gas is provided with, when the pressure in the region of separator can be made to have at least by this device/temporarily bring up to higher than the pressure in the region of damping device.Therefore this structure proposes, and replaces and has the water collecting container of pump, load a check-valves or like between separator and anode chamber, thus this section can only on the direction of separator by percolation.Just can to separator on-load pressure by suitable device, higher than the pressure in damping device region when it has at least during fuel cell operation.The water collected there can be made to be fed to damping device by the elevated pressures in the region of separator, then from this damping device, water is used for anode chamber and/or the air-flow humidification flowing to anode chamber.According to the present invention, described pressure-loaded is undertaken by gas.Because gas is generally on different stress levels in the region of fuel cell system, so this gas particularly from the region of pressure natively with needs/necessity, thus can be able to fully phase out when operation of fuel cell system for carrying the additional-energy of gas.In the air-flow flowing to anode chamber, valve gear is provided with for the ease of pressure-loaded suitably.
Advantageous particularly with in the advantageous improvement project of tool in the one of present device, described gas contains hydrogen.Therefore particularly can containing hydrogen or be exactly hydrogen to the gas of separator on-load pressure.Because hydrogen is such as natively on very high stress level in the region of compressed gas storage device, so this hydrogen can be used ideally, so as therefore also to separator on-load pressure and by isolated water anode region or to flow to anode air-flow region in feed back.Because hydrogen is also generally the gas of supply anode of fuel cell room, so when gas to be flow to jointly by on-load pressure in the region of anode chamber this gas without dangerous and also have no adverse effect to the operation of fuel cell, because this gas is at hydrogen or containing the fuel supply that can contribute to fuel cell when hydrogen.
In addition propose in the advantageous particularly and advantageous embodiment of tool of the another kind of present device, described gas is the exhaust stream from anode chamber.Particularly in the fuel cell of the open-ended (Open-End) of such as cascaded structure, the hydrogen of certain residual volume is discharged together with water from the region of anode chamber, the hydrogen of these residual volumes or lost, or be such as transfused to again burner to reclaim heat energy and to avoid surrounding environment discharge hydrogen.The composition of this gas from anode chamber's exhaust stream is applicable to carry out pressure-loaded to separator and be back in the region of the gas flowing to anode chamber together with water and/or be back in anode chamber itself admirably.
In the one of present device very in the advantageous improvement project of tool, described pressure-loaded by being at least that dynamic mode fuel cell operation is implemented in operating pressure.Fuel cell, especially for providing the fuel cell of driving-energy not to be generally static in the car, but with the power requirement of automobile correspondingly dynamically or even height dynamically run.The dynamic operational mode of this height of fuel cell system not only shows that the electrical power of high DYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION exports, and causes the high dynamic operation method of operating pressure, or is at least allow this point.Can simple and effective way be undertaken by the dynamic operation in operating pressure especially now the pressure-loaded of separator, this operating pressure or design for utilizing present device to implement humidification specially, or natively exist due to the dynamic operation of fuel cell.If there is pressure increase in the region of present fuel cell, so water to be correspondingly gathered in the region of separator and not to flow out in the region of this gas or anode chamber due to the elevated pressures in the region of gas flowing to anode chamber.If declined for the gas pressure flowing to anode chamber in the supply of fuel cell now, the pressure so at least in shorter period in separator region is higher than the pressure of gas flowing to anode chamber.Under this operation conditions, water is emptied in anode chamber by damping device or flows in the gas of anode chamber and therefore this anode chamber of humidification/this gas.
In the advantageous particularly and advantageous improvement project of tool of the one of present device, be provided with between this external separator and damping device can on the direction of damping device by the back-flow preventer of percolation.Which ensure that the pressure-loaded that can not cause due to the gas flowing to anode chamber separator.
In addition propose in the advantageous particularly and advantageous improvement project of tool of the one of present device, there is the device for making water atomization and/or vaporization in the region of damping device.Aerosol or water vapour can be produced by this device for being atomized and/or vaporize,, namely there is enough humidifications in its humidification of air-flow realizing antianode room as follows and/or flow to anode chamber and the subregion of anode chamber can not " be flooded " by water due to too much aqueous water thus prevent diaphragm portion from being contacted with gas by aqueous water.
In the advantageous improvement project of a kind of tool, be provided with in the region of damping device at least one water vapour by diaphragm, this at least one diaphragm contacts with water in side and contacts with the gas flowing to anode chamber at opposite side.Here also allow to use diaphragm according to structure of the present invention, this point particularly has advantage in the case where there: be namely not for hydrogen or not hydrogeneous gas to the gas of separator on-load pressure.Such as utilize from cathodic region exhaust, utilize oxygen or nitrogen on-load pressure time, this scheme has obvious advantage, this is because only have water vapour to be entered by diaphragm in the region of the gas flowing to anode chamber and there will not be the mixing of gas itself.
In addition propose in the highly beneficial and advantageous embodiment of tool of another kind thus, damping device has for nozzle member water being sprayed into anode chamber and/or flow in the air-flow of anode chamber.Particularly when making full use of on-load pressure gas, this simple especially structure atomizes water into very thin aerosol.This point can make humidification very simple and efficient, wherein, by the water droplet of meticulous distribution during atomization, can prevent anode chamber from being flooded by a large amount of aqueous waters equally safely and reliably.This structure is extremely effective in this regard because can efficiency very highland anode chamber and/or flow to anode chamber air-flow in by than relatively large water atomization.
Propose in addition in the advantageous embodiment of tool very much at the another kind of present device, damping device and/or anode chamber have the surf zone for improving water anode room/the flow to transition in the air-flow of anode chamber.This surface such as can by corresponding roughness, suitable material or like this in suitably enlarged surface and forming like this, make water correspondingly become easy to the air-flow flowing to anode chamber or the transition that has been in the gas in anode chamber.
In addition propose in the advantageous particularly and advantageous improvement project of tool of one thus, surf zone can be heated.Except such as by making air-flow form corresponding eddy current thereon thus making water easily be absorbed and except the transition of rough surface that flow away together, in addition can heat in effects on surface region, thus mechanically absorb substituting or supplementing of the scheme of water as pure in the gas flow, can heat water until make it to become steam.Change the absorption of gas to water thus further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
According to the advantageous execution mode of other tools of equipment of the present invention in this regard from remaining dependent claims be described in detail by embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.Wherein:
Fig. 1 illustrates according to the possible execution mode of equipment first of the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates according to the possible execution mode of equipment second of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the first execution mode according to the damping device in equipment of the present invention; And
Fig. 4 illustrates the second execution mode according to the damping device in equipment of the present invention.
Embodiment
A part for fuel cell system 1 can be found out in the illustration of FIG. 1.Fuel cell 2 is shown in this regard, and this fuel cell forms as so-called PEM fuel cell and usually forms as the battery pack be made up of cell.Each cell has anode chamber 3 and cathode chamber 4, and described anode chamber and cathode chamber embodiment shown here are passed the imperial examinations at the provincial level and exemplified.Anode chamber 3 and cathode chamber 4 are separated from each other by proton exchange membrane (PE film) 5.Carry the air as oxygen supplier in a per se known way to cathode chamber 4, the exhaust stream of oxygen deprivation is discharged from cathode chamber 4.This point is known from general prior art, thus is not described in detail this in the framework of structure shown here.
Hydrogen is supplied for the valve gear 7 reduced pressure to the anode chamber 3 of fuel cell 2 by one from compressed gas storage device 6.Compressed gas storage device 6 is general in this regard to work and supplies more highly purified hydrogen to the anode chamber 3 of fuel cell 2 on the stress level of 350bar or 700bar.From compressed gas storage device 6 hydrogen (through) drier in this regard after valve gear 7, therefore, although flow into the inlet air flow of the cathode chamber 4 of fuel cell 2 generally by humidification, at least the first cell of fuel cell or cell row may parch in the region of its anode chamber 3.When the fuel cell 2 that application runs in the mode without so-called anode circulation, that is this fuel cell otherwise as without gas effusion all hydrogen all exhaust in cathodic region 3, endcapped formula (Dead-End) fuel cell 2 forms, that discharge from anode region 3 as a certain amount of residual hydrogen, so-called open-ended fuel cell 2 is formed, and all has conclusive challenge in the structure of this humidification to the first cell and/or the anode chamber at cascade 3 to the humidification of the first cell row.
Structure in Fig. 1 shows the structure of the fuel cell 2 as open-ended fuel cell in this regard, and the exhaust stream wherein from anode chamber 3 is discharged through a separator 8 and choke valve 9.Then or arrive in surrounding environment these residual hydrogens, or can burn to utilize its heat energy in---such as catalytic burner, multi-orifice burner or burner like this---at a burner again.Separator 8 in the region of the exhaust stream from anode chamber 3 is implemented and in this regard equally in a per se known way for isolating liquid water droplet in the region of exhaust stream.In the lower area of separator 8, the water of these liquid state is gathered and is entered in the region of damping device 11 by a duct element 10, to be directly input in the air-flow of anode chamber 3 and/or inlet flow anode room with to its humidification.A back-flow preventer 12 is provided with in region between anode chamber 3 and separator 8.Exhaust stream from anode chamber 3 only can cross this back-flow preventer 12 by percolation on the direction towards separator 8.
---such as must be produced---additional-energy in order to realize carrying out humidification to the air-flow such as flowing to anode chamber in the region of damping device 11 by pump or device like this without the need to providing for this reason now, in the case can by give with the duct element 13 of valve gear 14 separator 8 apply from compressed gas storage device 6, the hydrogen be under pressure, this compressed gas storage device in the region of valve gear 7 or in the region of valve gear 7 upstream by tap out branch.Back-flow preventer 12 avoids, and the hydrogen " from downstream " be under pressure flows into the anode chamber 3 of fuel cell 2.By suitably setting choke valve 9, can prevent the hydrogen of pronounced amount from flowing out from fuel cell system 1.In separator 8 be in hydrogen under pressure then by duct element 10 by water and at least partially hydrogen be transported in the region of damping device 11, the water described in its region is used for humidification anode chamber 3 and/or flows to the air-flow of anode chamber 3.This structure is simple and efficient especially in this regard and be only provided with an additional duct element 13 and additional valve gear 14 is just enough, and without the need to the conveying device of the run duration required power at fuel cell system 1 or this kind of device.
Fig. 2 illustrates another structure simplified further of fuel cell system 1, wherein can realize the function that (with Fig. 1 embodiment) is suitable.Duct element 13 and valve gear 14 is eliminated in fuel cell system 1 structure shown in Fig. 2.In the region of duct element 10, there is another back-flow preventer 15 in this regard, this back-flow preventer only can from separator 8 on the direction of damping device 11 by percolation mistake.Function is identical in other respects, wherein, carries out the water conveying from separator 8 to the region of damping device 11 here in the dynamic operation of fuel cell system 1.According to the first running status, the pressure ratio of the gas of anode room 3 flowing is in this regard higher.In this case, back-flow preventer 15 stops these gases to enter in the region of separator 8 effectively.Exhaust stream from anode chamber 3 is entered in the region of separator by back-flow preventer 12.Can isolate liquid water here, possible residual gas can be discharged by choke valve 9 continuously or intermittently.If the pressure drop in the region of the gas making anode room 3 flow due to the dynamic operation of fuel cell 2 now, so forms a pressure drop between separator 8 and anode chamber 3.In this case, back-flow preventer 12 blocks, and the exhaust stream from the region of separator 8 can not be turned back in anode chamber 3.Back-flow preventer 15 is opened and thus allows the water accumulated in the region of separator 8 to be flowed out in damping device 11 by duct element 10 simultaneously.Then the water from separator 8 can be utilized to realize antianode room 3 by damping device 11 and/or flow to the humidification of air-flow of anode chamber 3.Because the operation of fuel cell 2---particularly when this fuel cell is in the car for generation of electric drive power---be generally dynamically or height dynamically carry out, so antianode room 3 can be guaranteed with time means on the running time of fuel cell or flow to enough humidifications of air-flow of anode chamber 3, particularly because the parching of the diaphragm through humidification of the first cell or the first cell row needs the regular hour, thus before diaphragm parches, at least statistically having there is an operation phase again with following pressure condition: the air-flow that this pressure condition allows antianode room 3 and/or flows to anode chamber 3 carries out humidification again.
The illustrated exemplary of Fig. 3 illustrates first of damping device 11 the possible execution mode.This damping device 11 comprises the first locellus 16 crossed by the air-flow percolation flowing to anode chamber 3.The diaphragm 18 that one second locellus 17 can be passed through by water vapour separates with locellus 16.In the region of (second) locellus 17, there is now the water from separator 8, described water such as can vaporize or be atomized in this (second) locellus 17.The water vapour formed can enter (first) locellus 16 through diaphragm 18, thus the gas flowed in subtend anode chamber 3 carries out humidification.As shown in the figure, if need to make residue discharge.This structure particularly has advantage at use gas to when separator 8 on-load pressure, and this gas such as oxygen, nitrogen or similar inert gas do not arrive in the region of anode chamber.
The selectable execution mode of the one of damping device 11 can be found out from the diagram of Fig. 4.Damping device 11 has unique chamber 19 in this regard, and this chamber is flowed to the air-flow percolation mistake of anode chamber 3.In addition there is nozzle 20, make to arrive in the region of damping device 11 from the water of separator 8 by this nozzle.By the form of throttling arrangement 21 suitably selecting nozzle and may exist, can by means of only the atomization pressure of separator 8 on-load pressure and the negative pressure of the gas flow through set up by throttling arrangement 21 and nozzle 20 being realized to the water in the region of air-flow flowing to anode chamber 3.Because the gas being generally also used in on-load pressure here except the atomization of water also arrives jointly flow in the air-flow of anode chamber, so this structure is particularly when the gas of water supply separator 8 on-load pressure is hydrogen or at least containing being applicable during hydrogen.Then these hydrogen can be converted in a fuel cell by regulation ground in the region of anode chamber 3.
For in these two kinds of structures of damping device 11 and other is from general damping device commonly known in the art 11 structure, in addition can propose, in the region of damping device 11 or also in the region of anode chamber 3 itself, be provided with suitable surface 22, such as there is the surface of corresponding surface roughness etc., that described surface makes the water capacity be attached in the region on this surface easily be flowed by anode room 3 or to be in anode chamber 3 and the air-flow flow through on a surface of the gas of same flowing here absorbs.Shown in Fig. 4 citing this surperficial 22 such as can have suitable surface roughness or material, to obtain this effect.Particularly this surperficial 22 also can have heater, such as electric heater unit, and it is represented by the heater coil 23 that principle illustrates in the diagram.This structure as to improving water substituting or supplementing to the mechanical transition in air-flow, can be realized intensification or the vaporization of water, thus water can be absorbed by the air-flow flow through better by heating.
Generally speaking, according to structure described here fuel cell system for fuel cell 2 anode chamber 3 or to the gas of fuel cell 2 anode chamber 3 flowing humidification for provide a kind of very simple, effective, compactly designed and energy-optimised scheme.Particularly therefore the first cell or the first cell row in fuel cell unit 2 in series obtain enough humidifications, thus the electric property of fuel cell 2 all can improve under any operation conditions.
Claims (11)
1. one kind is carried out the equipment of humidification for the anode chamber (3) to fuel cell (2) and/or the air-flow of anode chamber (3) that flows to fuel cell (2), comprise the separator (8) that is arranged in from the exhaust stream of anode chamber (3) and comprise damping device (11), described damping device arranges and is used for inputting water at least partially to anode chamber (3) and/or the air-flow that flows to anode chamber (3), wherein, separator (8) is connected by a duct element (10) with damping device (11), it is characterized in that, being provided with between anode chamber (3) and separator (8) can by the back-flow preventer of percolation (12) on the direction towards separator (8), be provided with the device for carrying out pressure-loaded to separator (8), the pressure in the region of separator (8) can be made at least temporarily to bring up to higher than the pressure in the region of damping device (11) by this device, wherein, described pressure-loaded is undertaken by gas, wherein, valve gear (7) is provided with in the air-flow flowing to anode chamber (3).
2., by equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gas comprises hydrogen.
3., by the equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described gas is the exhaust stream from anode chamber (3).
4., by the equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described gas is from a compressed gas storage device (6).
5. by the equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described pressure-loaded is at least that dynamic fuel cell (2) operation is implemented by one in operating pressure, and be provided with between separator (8) and damping device (11) can by the back-flow preventer of percolation (15) on the direction towards damping device (11) for this reason.
6., by the equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, via choke valve (9), gas is discharged from described separator (8).
7., by the equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that there is the device for making water atomization and/or vaporization in the region of damping device (11).
8. by equipment according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, be provided with in the region of damping device (11) can by water vapour through at least one diaphragm (18), this at least one diaphragm contacts with water in side and contacts with the gas flowing to anode chamber (3) at opposite side.
9., by equipment according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, damping device (11) has for water being sprayed into anode chamber (3) and/or flowing to the nozzle member (20) in the air-flow of anode chamber (3).
10. by the equipment described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, damping device (11) and/or anode chamber (3) have surf zone (22), and described surf zone makes the water capacity be attached in this surf zone easily be flowed by anode room (3) or the air-flow be in anode chamber (3) absorbs.
11. by equipment according to claim 10, and it is characterized in that, described surf zone (22) is heated.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010024187.3 | 2010-06-17 | ||
| DE102010024187A DE102010024187A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2010-06-17 | Device for moistening |
| PCT/EP2011/002401 WO2011157334A1 (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-05-14 | Device for humidifying anode gas |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102947996A CN102947996A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
| CN102947996B true CN102947996B (en) | 2015-10-07 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201180029684.2A Expired - Fee Related CN102947996B (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2011-05-14 | For the equipment of humidification anodic gas |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20130137004A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2583341B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5705310B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102947996B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102010024187A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011157334A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202013009357U1 (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2015-01-16 | Dana Canada Corporation | Integrated gas management device for a fuel cell system |
| KR101535026B1 (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2015-07-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Humidifier for Fuel Cell System |
| DE102014212835A1 (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-01-07 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Fuel cell device with water-transferring anode gas path and method for operating a fuel cell |
| CN107195928B (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2020-07-10 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Humidification device and fuel cell power system with same |
| CN114420976A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-29 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Intake air humidifying system for fuel cell |
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| US5441821A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1995-08-15 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell system with a regulated vacuum ejector for recirculation of the fluid fuel stream |
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| DE10110419A1 (en) | 2000-03-08 | 2003-10-23 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | The fuel cell system |
| JP4804699B2 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2011-11-02 | パナソニック株式会社 | Fuel cell system |
| US7531254B2 (en) * | 2002-04-17 | 2009-05-12 | Aerovironment Inc. | Energy storage system |
| JP2005183020A (en) * | 2003-12-16 | 2005-07-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Feeder for generated water of fuel cell |
| US7608354B2 (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2009-10-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and control method of same |
| US20070048572A1 (en) * | 2005-09-01 | 2007-03-01 | Keith Oglesby | Fuel cell system enclosure |
| US20080113230A1 (en) * | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-15 | Whyatt Greg A | Method and apparatus for improving water balance in fuel cell power unit |
| JP2008186696A (en) * | 2007-01-30 | 2008-08-14 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel cells |
| US9660278B2 (en) * | 2010-02-23 | 2017-05-23 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Method for detecting orifice flow phase transition in a pressure-controlled anode |
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2010
- 2010-06-17 DE DE102010024187A patent/DE102010024187A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-05-14 US US13/704,544 patent/US20130137004A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-05-14 CN CN201180029684.2A patent/CN102947996B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-14 WO PCT/EP2011/002401 patent/WO2011157334A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-14 JP JP2013514563A patent/JP5705310B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-14 EP EP11730900.5A patent/EP2583341B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5441821A (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1995-08-15 | Ballard Power Systems Inc. | Electrochemical fuel cell system with a regulated vacuum ejector for recirculation of the fluid fuel stream |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102010024187A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
| EP2583341B1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
| US20130137004A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
| JP5705310B2 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
| JP2013529829A (en) | 2013-07-22 |
| EP2583341A1 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
| WO2011157334A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
| CN102947996A (en) | 2013-02-27 |
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