CN102946531A - GOP (group of picture) frame structure combined video watermarking method and system - Google Patents
GOP (group of picture) frame structure combined video watermarking method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a GOP (group of picture) frame structure combined video watermarking method and a system. The video watermarking method comprises the following steps: generating a digital watermark by user information and video information together, combining with GOP frame structure information, distributing the digital watermark information, determining the embedded location based on the watermarking data and performing the corresponding process, specifically consisting of two parts of embedding the watermark information and extracting the watermark information, that is, performing an appointed algorithm on the user information and the video information to obtain the embedded information; distributing the to-be-embedded watermark information according to the GOP frame structure information of the video; determining the embedded watermark location and the corresponding information embedding process, and saving the corresponding video integral information; and obtaining the embedded information from the user information and the video information, finding out the watermark location through the embedded information, reading out the video information at the locations, and comparing the video information with the server difference information to obtain the watermark information. By virtue of the video watermarking method, the watermark can be quickly and simply added into and extracted from the video; and meanwhile, the extra difference information saved by the server is quite small. The technical scheme has excellent development prospect.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the video digital watermark field, being specifically related to a kind of video watermark in conjunction with the GOP frame structure adds and extracting method, realized in the GOP frame structure, embedding and extracting watermark information, constructed the data integrity that a kind of method fast and safely guarantees video sequence.
Two, background technology
Digital watermarking is a kind of effective copyright protection of digital product and data security maintenance technology.In system for processing watermark, the bootlegger attempts to remove watermark and destroys copyright or copy product after being tampered to obtain false content verification.Recent years, the digital network communication is just in develop rapidly.Under this environment, digital product is easy to be replicated, processes, propagates and discloses.The bootlegger utilizes these performances of digital product to destroy manufacturer and user's lawful authority to obtain individual interest just.Thereby people must consider the safety problem of media product in the digital network compartment system.
To illegal operation or the behavior of digital media product, generally include following three kinds of situations.
(1) unauthorized access: i.e. without permission bootlegging or reprint digital product from some websites.
(2) fault is distorted: the bootlegger revises mala fide digital product with extraction or insertion feature and resends, thereby the copyright information of primary products is lost.
(3) copyright is destroyed: the bootlegger resells it without copyright owner's permission after receiving digital product.
Digital watermark technology has been obtained very large development in recent years, but research direction mainly concentrates on the rest image digital watermark, aspect video watermark research, because comprising the more accurate human vision model of the characteristics such as spatial concealment effect sets up not yet fully, so that the video watermark technology lags behind with respect to the Image Watermarking Technique development, the limitation that existing normal video coded format has caused again digital watermark to introduce, some (are recombinated such as frame for the special attacks form of video watermark, frame is average, inter-frame-combined, frame deletion etc.) appearance, and the characteristics such as the real-time of video watermark algorithm so that video watermark research face new challenges.
Video is different from picture, certain special construction is arranged, such as Fig. 1 behind the coding.GOP (Group Of Picture) refers to the frame sequence in the video code model, generally be divided into three kinds of I, P, B, as line up IBBPBBPBBPBBPBBP ... pattern, GOP are the base units of in the future access of Video coding, and putting in order of it will repeat to image always and finish.After video was encoded, the order of frame will change, and as original after encoding was.A GOP is exactly one group of continuous IPB frame.Video coding is divided into three kinds of I, P, B with frame, and I is intracoded frame, and P is forward predicted frame, and B is two-way interpolation frame.Say simply, the I frame is a complete picture, and P frame and B frame recording is variation with respect to the I frame.Do not have the I frame, P frame and B frame just can't be decoded.
More existing watermark embedded mode based on spatial domain, do not consider the design feature of frame of video itself, just in a certain frame, added watermark individually, like this, recombinate such as frame for some, frame deletions etc. destroy the behavior of video, and whether these methods can not detect video and be destroyed, and video quality can be subject to certain impact.And based on the watermark embedding method of compression domain, depend on too much specific video compression algorithm, can only be applicable to some specific video formats.Therefore, consider to propose a kind of digital watermark method, comprehensive GOP frame characteristics information has overcome the weakness that conventional method can't guarantee the successive frame integrality.
Three, summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a video watermark process in conjunction with the GOP frame structure and system, traditional video watermark process is improved, according to the GOP frame structure in the video encoding-decoding process, video is effectively processed, overcome the weakness that conventional method can't guarantee the successive video frames integrality, video quality has not been had any impact.The process of digital watermarking extraction and checking is quick and convenient, the effective video integrality that guaranteed; Support various video formats, algorithm is simply efficient.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
(1) embed watermark information
Embed watermark information refers to the information that user profile and the video information algorithm by an agreement is obtained embedding, GOP frame structure information according to video is distributed watermark information to be embedded, determine that watermarked position and corresponding information embed processing, and preserve corresponding video integrity information, as shown in Figure 2.
1. the information that user profile and the video information algorithm by an agreement is obtained embedding, different users will obtain the embedding information with guarantee with different videos, the information that can guarantee so on the one hand each video embedding is not identical, can guarantee again on the other hand fail safe and the incomprehensiveness of the information that embeds.
2. the video file decoding is obtained the picture frame of uncompressed domain, according to GOP frame structure to be encoded it is divided into groups, each GOP is one group to be processed it, determines to embed in each frame the quantity of information according to the structure of frame of video;
3. according to behind the algorithm of the information that embeds through agreement, determine concrete embedded location;
When 4. watermarked, calculate the Pixel Information of also preserving the relevant position and the difference between the watermark information value.
In fact do not have truly embedding information in video, but preserve poor between the pixel intensity of relevant position and the watermark information value, an advantage like this is exactly can the quality of video file not to be damaged, thus the saboteur also just only scan image just find out the information of embedding.
(2) extract watermark information:
The extraction watermark information refers to video decode and is grouped into frame of video, user profile and video information are tried to achieve embedding information, find out the position of watermark by this embedding information, read video information in these positions, then itself and server difference information are compared and obtain watermark information, as shown in Figure 3.
1. after frame of video being decoded, remain one group of each GOP;
2. obtain embedding information according to user profile and video information, the position that is then obtained embedding by these information;
3. the position that obtains according to video information extracts the corresponding information of pixel, again with server on the difference of preserving differ from calculating, the watermark information value that obtains extracting;
4. watermark value and the right value that extracts compared, if the information of all groups is all identical with correct information, show that then the video integrality is not destroyed; As long as wherein a certain group of difference arranged, just can judge that video has been subject to certain damage.
The advantage of the method is to add in spatial domain, and the method for realization is simpler, and speed is also very fast, and the quality of video is not more had any impact; The extra difference information of preserving simultaneously also is quite little for server, is negligible.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 GOP frame assumption diagram
Fig. 2 watermark embeds flow chart
Fig. 3 watermark extracting flow chart
Fig. 4 embeds Information generation
Fig. 5 embeds information distribution
Determining of Fig. 6 embedded location
Fig. 7 watermark embeds
Fig. 8 watermark extracting
Five, embodiment
In the process of coding, can adopt the H264 coding standard, and use " IBPBIBPB " such frame structure, namely a GOP group is " IBPB ".
(1) watermarked
The watermark information that embeds is obtained by an irreversible algorithm by user profile and video information, can adopt the uplink time of user account and video to ask the method for Hash digest, in implementation procedure, use the SHA-1 algorithm, so just obtained 160 data message.Can certainly use other similar methods, just realize two functions after processing like this, guarantee on the one hand the uniqueness of the information that embeds, also avoid on the other hand the direct safety problem that expressly causes of using, as shown in Figure 4.
To adding the video file decoding of watermark, take a gop structure as one group, in the adding procedure of carrying out video watermark, process take it as base unit.
For 160 summary info, can be according to the dissimilar information that embeds selectively varying number of frame.As shown in Figure 5, in the I frame, embed 80 bit data, in the P frame, embed 48 bit data, in each B frame, embed 16 bit data, certainly the quantity that embeds information in each frame also can be selected other allocation strategies, also can dynamically determine to embed what of information in each frame by certain algorithm.
When carrying out the watermark embedding, need to be according to embedding information, determine the embedded location of picture frame, such as, can determine which which row particular location is at by 0 and 1 number in those information before embedding information among 160 information, also can determine by other method, but will guarantee that the position that every bit obtains all is different.(as shown in Figure 6,80 information bits 010001001111101010 that in the I frame, embed, also, embed second 1 o'clock, determine its embedded location by the data 010001 in all these frames before it, number 4 by 0 determines that it is embedded in the 4th row, and the number 2 by 1 determines that it is embedded in the second row; By that analogy, can determine the embedded location of all data)
When watermarked, do not go practically to change the information of embedded location pixel, but certain information (such as brightness) of this position pixel is asked poor with the value that will embed, its difference is kept on the server.Guaranteed that video quality is not damaged so on the one hand, also strengthened on the other hand the difficulty of distorting the personation video, as shown in Figure 7.
For example the brightness of embedded location pixel is 128, and embed watermark information is 1, and the information of then preserving just is 127.
(2) extract watermark
Extracting watermark is the inverse process that embeds, as shown in Figure 8.Before this video file that will verify was decoded, obtained its frame structure information, the frame structure as the IBPBIBPB that uses before, namely a GOP is IBPB, and each GOP is divided into one group, processes take it as base unit.
An important step is exactly the position that will obtain the information that embeds.At first also be the information that will obtain embedding, the position that then obtains embedding by this information calculations.The method of calculating embedded location method of use when watermarked is identical, like this correctness of the information that extracts of guarantee.Can determine which which row particular location is at by 0 and 1 number in those information before embedding information among 160 information as previously mentioned.
Read the value of information that obtains the relevant position pixel, the difference information of preserving on itself and the server is asked the poor information that is finally extracted.The pixel brightness value that for example reads the position is 128, and the difference that server end is preserved is 127, and the watermark information that then extracts is 1, and is identical with the information that embeds.
The information that extracts and correct embedding information are compared, if each group is all identical, can say that then the integrality of video is not damaged; If arbitrary group of difference arranged, just can say that then the video integrality has been subject to destruction.
Claims (6)
1. in conjunction with video watermark process and the system of GOP frame structure, it is characterized in that: by user profile and the common generating digital watermark of video information, in conjunction with GOP frame structure information distribute digital watermark information, determine embedded location and handle accordingly by watermark data, specifically comprise embed watermark information and extract two parts of watermark information.
2. video watermark process and system in conjunction with the GOP frame structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described embed watermark information part, and concrete steps are:
Step 1, user profile and video information are generated the information that embeds by engagement arithmetic;
Step 2, with video decode and packet video frame, distribute watermark information to be embedded according to the GOP frame structure information of video;
Step 3, determine watermarked position according to embedding information through engagement arithmetic;
Step 4, read the information of relevant position pixel, ask poor with embedding information, corresponding it is kept at server as integrity information.
3. video watermark process and system in conjunction with the GOP frame structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described extraction watermark information part, and concrete steps are:
Step 1, with video decode and be grouped into frame of video;
Step 2, user profile and video information are tried to achieve embedding information;
Step 3, determine the position of watermark by this embedding information;
Step 4, read Pixel Information in these positions, then the integrity information of preserving on itself and the server is obtained difference and obtain watermark information.
4. embed watermark information part according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described engagement arithmetic, its specific implementation are that user account and video uplink time are used hashing algorithm, obtain summary info, with this as the information that embeds.
5. embed watermark information part according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described GOP frame structure information according to video is distributed watermark information to be embedded, specifically refer to adding the video file decoding of watermark, take a gop structure as one group, can dynamically determine in each frame what of the information that embeds according to the dissimilar of frame or by certain algorithm.
6. embed watermark information part according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: describedly determining watermarked position, is by treating among the water mark inlaying information that 0 and 1 number is determined concrete ranks position in those information before embedding information during specific implementation.
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| WO2016095169A1 (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-06-23 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Method and apparatus for publishing locational copyrighted watermarking video |
| CN109379642A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-22 | 连尚（新昌）网络科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for adding and detecting the method and apparatus of video watermark |
| CN111918021A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-11-10 | 意法半导体股份有限公司 | Display system and related vehicle and method |
| CN112153237A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2020-12-29 | 山东华软金盾软件股份有限公司 | Protection method and system for watermark gateway |
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