CN102944577A - Soil moisture sensor calibration device and method based on time domain transmission technology - Google Patents
Soil moisture sensor calibration device and method based on time domain transmission technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN102944577A CN102944577A CN201210441476XA CN201210441476A CN102944577A CN 102944577 A CN102944577 A CN 102944577A CN 201210441476X A CN201210441476X A CN 201210441476XA CN 201210441476 A CN201210441476 A CN 201210441476A CN 102944577 A CN102944577 A CN 102944577A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil moisture sensor calibration device and method based on a time domain transmission technology(TDT). A sensor probe mainly consists of a built-in circuit board, a coaxial cable, a copper line and epoxy resin. The calibration device mainly consists of a multimeter, a battery, an organic glass column, an earth pillar, a TDT sensor, an electronic balance, a Marriott bottle (Markov bottle) and an artificial climatic box. According to the calibration method disclosed by the invention, different soil textures can be calibrated to obtain a calibration curve and a relevant parameter as well as obtain a temperature calibration curve so as to better realize temperature compensation. The parameter obtained with the calibration method disclosed by the invention has an important meaning on TDT soil moisture sensor performance evaluation, subsequent perfection and development and practical application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of measuring technique, especially a kind of scaling method of the soil moisture sensor based on time domain transmission technology (TDT).
Background technology
At present, a lot of determining soil moisture technology are arranged in the world, and wherein weight method is standard method, and Neutron probe method is the 2nd standard method, time domain reflectometry (TDR) is main stream approach, also has in addition gamma-rays (transmission) method, electric-resistivity method and frequency domain reflectometry (FDR) etc.Different determination techniques has different separately application conditions and relative merits.Take the TDR method as example, this technology has easily and fast, accurately and can realize fixing a point automatically to monitor the characteristics such as soil water dynamics.But TDR instrument price is relatively expensive, and user's knowledge and technology level is had relatively high expectations, and has limited this technology popularizing in actual agricultural production.The FDR technology is similar to the TDR technology, and additive method will far be worse than TDR and FDR method on comprehensive evaluation.From the development of following Methods for Measuring Soil Water Content: A, high precision, low cost, non-destruction and robotization will be the main directions of its development.In recent years, a kind of time domain transmission technology (TDT) is being subject to extensive concern aspect determining soil moisture.Compare with the TDR technology, the characteristics of TDT technology maximum are electromagnetic wave one-way propagations in medium, detection be the signal of electromagnetic wave one-way transmission, can be in the lower operation of relatively low frequency (hundreds of megahertz).The instrument circuit design comparison is simple, except possessing the high precision that TDR has, destroys littlely, outside the advantages such as robotization, also has low cost, and easy-operating advantage is convenient to promote the use of.
At present on the market some producers such as Precision Soil ﹠amp; The TDT sensor probe that Water Solutions Ltd produces, general effective length 20cm; Front end is tapered, and long 3cm is convenient to insert inside soil body, and circuit board is equipped with in probe inside, and the surface is tied with copper cash with the double helix form, and outermost layer evenly scribbles epoxy encapsulation.The probe tail end is derived concentric cable, is used for connecting power-supply unit, exports simultaneously measurement signals.
TDT sensor cardinal principle as shown in Figure 1, be by measure the electromagnetic wave one-way propagation when terminal to probe the phase differential size between reception signal and the initial transmissions signal come the dielectric properties of reflect soil 3 phase systems, and then can the Accurate Determining soil moisture content.The main components of the circuit part of instrument comprises impulse sender, phase comparator and voltage reforming unit.Impulse sender is launched periodic rectangular wave, and 1 road signal to receiving end, obtains signal transmission through medium transmission after the electromagnetic wave emission.1 road signal directly arrives receiving end along transmission line without medium in addition, as the reference signal.Two paths of signals carries out the phase demodulation processing by phase comparator and obtains phase differential, and final phase differential is converted to 1 relative output voltage.
Before adopting the TDT soil moisture sensor to measure, must demarcate the measurement situation of TDT soil moisture sensor under different soil properties, different temperatures first.Existing scaling method and calibrating instrument are incomplete, especially based on the soil moisture sensor of time domain transmission technology (TDT), and domestic Related product and the scaling method of having no.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to: provide a kind of to caliberating device and method based on the measurement situation of soil moisture sensor under different soil properties, different temperatures of time domain transmission technology (TDT).
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of soil moisture sensor caliberating device based on the time domain transmission technology, it comprises organic glass column, earth pillar, the TDT sensor, mariotte flask (Ma Shi bottle), growth cabinet, described organic glass post is cylindrical container, internal diameter 11cm, high 25cm, the lower end is closed, upper end open, approximately one opening is respectively arranged the 0.5cm place in the described organic glass post left and right sides apart from the bottom surface, the opening internal diameter is 0.5cm approximately, and opening links to each other with the Ma Shi bottle by band tubing, described TDT sensor probe is fixed in organic glass post center, the high 20cm of described earth pillar, uniform filling is inner at the organic glass post, and with TDT sensor probe close contact.
Preferably, a plastic foam is placed in described organic glass column bottom, described plastic foam diameter 11cm, and high 3cm, described TDT sensor probe front end inserts plastic foam 3cm.
Preferably, in the described Ma Shi bottle scale mark is arranged, volume is 2L, can by switch accurately control add the volume of water in the organic glass post.
Preferably, described TDT sensor probe is derived some concentric cable, and wherein two link to each other with the 9V battery, and for the TDT sensor provides power supply, three link to each other with multimeter, read measurement result output signal (result exports with voltage form).
Preferably, the sealing of earth pillar surface coverage one deck preservative film at described organic glass capital end opening place prevents moisture evaporation in the earth pillar.
A kind of soil moisture sensor scaling method based on the time domain transmission technology is characterized in that: draw soil volumetric water content-sensor output voltage calibration curve and may further comprise the steps:
(1) before the demarcation, measures first the earth pillar quality, organic glass post (containing earth pillar and TDT sensor probe) gross mass and earth pillar volume, earth pillar initial volume water cut;
(2) for ease of adding water, the Ma Shi bottle should be placed on the position that is higher than the organic glass post, the organic glass post that fills earth pillar and TDT sensor probe is positioned on the electronic balance, multimeter and battery not can be placed on the electronic balance, wherein, multimeter, battery, electronic balance only are held open state when reading, all the other times keep closed condition;
(3) timing signal is opened Ma Shi bottle switch, adds the design water yield in earth pillar, close the Ma Shi bottle, after leaving standstill 24 hours, read organic glass post gross mass by electronic balance, read the output voltage of TDT soil moisture sensor by multimeter, again open the Ma Shi bottle, the water of adding and last equivalent, reading after 24 hours, the like, until earth pillar is saturated, then this is demarcated and stops;
(4) after acquisition adds the organic glass post gross mass and TDT soil moisture sensor output voltage that records after water is stablized at every turn, data in the integrating step (1), can draw the calibration curve of soil, from curve, can obtain the linear fit function of soil volumetric water content-sensor output voltage, and related coefficient, described related coefficient illustrates then that more close to 1 TDT soil moisture sensor performance is more superior.
Preferably, when carrying out temperature calibration, need to draw the temperature rating curve, its step is as follows:
(1) a whole set of caliberating device is put into growth cabinet, setting the climate box temperature is 10 ℃, continues 4 hours to guarantee reading multimeter data and climate box temperature data behind the temperature stabilization;
(2) the climate box temperature is set in respectively under 20 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, repeats the operation of above-mentioned steps (1), behind temperature stabilization, obtain multimeter data and climate box temperature data;
(3) in earth pillar, add the volumetric(al) moisture content that water changes earth pillar, then repeat the operation of above-mentioned steps (1) (2), in conjunction with the multimeter data that obtain under each temperature and climate box temperature data, can draw the temperature rating curve of soil under the different volumes water cut, can obtain the related coefficient of sensor output voltage and temperature from curve, this related coefficient more just illustrates near 1 can realize temperature compensation well.
Described growth cabinet temperature control scope-5 ℃-60 ℃, precision is 0.1 ℃.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1. caliberating device of the present invention can be demarcated different soil properties, obtains calibration curve and related coefficient, well realizes temperature compensation thereby can also obtain the temperature rating curve;
2. the parameter that obtains of scaling method of the present invention is significant to TDT soil moisture sensor performance evaluation, follow-up perfect exploitation and practical application.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is TDT soil moisture sensor fundamental diagram;
Fig. 2 is TDT soil moisture sensor caliberating device and TDT probe schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 be under the normal temperature TDT soil moisture sensor to calibration curve and the related coefficient of sand;
Fig. 4 be under the normal temperature TDT soil moisture sensor to calibration curve and the related coefficient of silty clay;
Fig. 5 be under the normal temperature TDT soil moisture sensor to calibration curve and the related coefficient of clay;
Fig. 6 be under the temperature control condition TDT soil moisture sensor to the temperature rating curve of sand timing signal.
Embodiment
Embodiment: following take TDT soil moisture sensor demarcation sand as example, the concrete operational version of this scaling method is described, but the use of apparatus of the present invention is not limited to this.
(1), the installation of caliberating device
The installation of caliberating device as shown in Figure 2.For ease of adding water, the Ma Shi bottle should be placed and be higher than organic glass post 1m place.The organic glass post that fills earth pillar and TDT sensor probe is positioned on the electronic balance, and multimeter and battery not can be placed on the electronic balance.Wherein, multimeter, battery, electronic balance only are held open state when reading, and all the other times keep closed condition.
(2), reading
When demarcating sand, the volumetric(al) moisture content of initial designs earth pillar is 5%, and each amount of water is equivalent to 5% volumetric(al) moisture content, until earth pillar is saturated.When calibration experiment begins, open Ma Shi bottle switch, add the design water yield in the earth pillar, close the Ma Shi bottle, leave standstill 24 hours after, read organic glass post gross mass by electronic balance, read the output voltage of TDT soil moisture sensor by multimeter.Again open the Ma Shi bottle, add and the front once identical water yield (water yield that namely 5% volumetric(al) moisture content is corresponding), reading after 24 hours.The like, until earth pillar is saturated, then this is demarcated and stops.
(3), draw calibration curve
Before the demarcation, measure first the earth pillar quality, organic glass post (containing earth pillar and TDT sensor probe) gross mass and earth pillar volume, earth pillar initial volume water cut (being 5% volumetric(al) moisture content in the present embodiment), in conjunction with add glass column gross mass and the TDT soil moisture sensor output voltage that records after water is stablized at every turn, can draw the calibration curve of sand and see Fig. 3 again.As seen from Figure 3, related coefficient reaches 0.9896, and TDT soil moisture sensor superior performance is described, precision reaches 1%, the Related products such as leading TDR and FDR.
Such as Fig. 4, Figure 5 shows that the soil volumetric water content silty clay and clay drawn out in order to upper scaling method-sensor output voltage calibration curve.
The below the concrete operational version of temperature rating method is described, but the use of this instrument is not limited to this take sand as example.
(1), the installation of caliberating device
The installation of caliberating device as shown in Figure 2.For ease of adding water, the Ma Shi bottle should be placed and be higher than organic glass post 1m place.The organic glass post that fills earth pillar and TDT sensor probe is positioned on the electronic balance, and multimeter and battery not can be placed on the electronic balance.Wherein, multimeter, battery, electronic balance only are held open state when reading, and all the other times keep closed condition.
(2), reading
When demarcating sand, the volumetric(al) moisture content of initial designs earth pillar is 5%, and each amount of water is equivalent to 5% volumetric(al) moisture content, until earth pillar is saturated.When calibration experiment begins, open Ma Shi bottle switch, add the design water yield in the earth pillar, close the Ma Shi bottle, leave standstill 24 hours after, read organic glass post gross mass by electronic balance, read the output voltage of TDT soil moisture sensor by multimeter.A whole set of caliberating device is put into growth cabinet, and setting the climate box temperature is 10 ℃, continues 4 hours to guarantee reading multimeter data and climate box temperature data behind the temperature stabilization.The rest may be inferred, read respectively again set 20 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃ under, the multimeter data behind the temperature stabilization and climate box temperature data.After 5% sand temperature calibration is finished, again 16%, 22% volumetric(al) moisture content sand is carried out the temperature calibration with same method.
(3), draw rating curve
In conjunction with the multimeter data that obtain under each temperature and climate box temperature data, can draw the temperature rating curve of sand under the different volumes water cut, see Fig. 6.As seen from Figure 6, the temperature rating curve related coefficient of TDT soil moisture sensor all surpasses 0.99, and explanation can well realize temperature compensation.
Below only be concrete exemplary applications of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not constituted any limitation.In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop within the present invention's scope required for protection.
Claims (7)
1. soil moisture sensor caliberating device based on the time domain transmission technology, it is characterized in that: it comprises organic glass column, earth pillar, the TDT sensor, mariotte flask (Ma Shi bottle), growth cabinet, described organic glass post is cylindrical container, the lower end is closed, upper end open, near the place, bottom surface one opening is arranged respectively in the described organic glass post left and right sides, opening links to each other with the Ma Shi bottle by band tubing, described TDT sensor probe is fixed in organic glass post center, described earth pillar uniform filling is inner at the organic glass post, and with TDT sensor probe close contact.
2. the soil moisture sensor caliberating device based on the time domain transmission technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: a plastic foam is placed in described organic glass column bottom, described plastic foam diameter is identical with the organic glass column internal diameter, and described TDT sensor probe front end inserts in the plastic foam.
3. the soil moisture sensor caliberating device based on the time domain transmission technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described Ma Shi bottle scale mark is arranged, can by switch accurately control add the volume of water in the organic glass post.
4. the soil moisture sensor caliberating device based on the time domain transmission technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described TDT sensor probe is derived some concentric cable, wherein two link to each other with battery, for the TDT sensor provides power supply, three link to each other with multimeter, read measurement result output signal (result exports with voltage form).
5. the soil moisture sensor caliberating device based on the time domain transmission technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: earth pillar surface coverage one deck preservative film sealing at described organic glass capital end opening place prevents moisture evaporation in the earth pillar.
6. soil moisture sensor scaling method based on the time domain transmission technology is characterized in that: draw soil volumetric water content-sensor output voltage calibration curve and may further comprise the steps:
(1) before the demarcation, measures first the earth pillar quality, organic glass post (containing earth pillar and TDT sensor probe) gross mass and earth pillar volume, earth pillar initial volume water cut;
(2) for ease of adding water, the Ma Shi bottle should be placed on the position that is higher than the organic glass post, the organic glass post that fills earth pillar and TDT sensor probe is positioned on the electronic balance, multimeter and battery not can be placed on the electronic balance, wherein, multimeter, battery, electronic balance only are held open state when reading, all the other times keep closed condition;
(3) timing signal is opened Ma Shi bottle switch, adds the design water yield in earth pillar, close the Ma Shi bottle, after leaving standstill 24 hours, read organic glass post gross mass by electronic balance, read the output voltage of TDT soil moisture sensor by multimeter, again open the Ma Shi bottle, the water of adding and last equivalent, reading after 24 hours, the like, until earth pillar is saturated, then this is demarcated and stops;
(4) after acquisition adds the organic glass post gross mass and TDT soil moisture sensor output voltage that records after water is stablized at every turn, data in the integrating step (1), can draw the calibration curve of soil, from curve, can obtain the linear fit function of soil volumetric water content-sensor output voltage, and related coefficient, described related coefficient illustrates then that more close to 1 TDT soil moisture sensor performance is more superior.
7. the soil moisture sensor scaling method based on the time domain transmission technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: when carrying out temperature calibration, need to draw the temperature rating curve, its step is as follows:
(1) a whole set of caliberating device is put into growth cabinet, setting the climate box temperature is 10 ℃, continues 4 hours to guarantee reading multimeter data and climate box temperature data behind the temperature stabilization;
(2) the climate box temperature is set in respectively under 20 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, repeats the operation of above-mentioned steps (1), behind temperature stabilization, obtain multimeter data and climate box temperature data;
(3) in earth pillar, add the volumetric(al) moisture content that water changes earth pillar, then repeat the operation of above-mentioned steps (1) (2), in conjunction with the multimeter data that obtain under each temperature and climate box temperature data, can draw the temperature rating curve of soil under the different volumes water cut, can obtain the related coefficient of sensor output voltage and temperature from curve, this related coefficient more just illustrates near 1 can realize temperature compensation well.
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| CN104007128A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-27 | 中国农业大学 | Method for measuring water content of soil by adopting time length measurement technology |
| CN105136864A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-09 | 东南大学 | Detector capable of testing water content and dry density of soil at different depths under earth surface on field |
| CN105842261A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-10 | 中国农业大学 | Soil moisture measuring transducer based on time domain transmission and realization method |
| CN106248522A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-21 | 西安思坦环境科技有限公司 | A kind of laboratory investment method about soil moisture content sensor |
| CN106645314A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 中环天仪（天津）气象仪器有限公司 | Fault diagnosis device for FDR (Frequency Domain Reflectiometry) tube type soil moisture sensor and detection method |
| CN106770505A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-31 | 沈阳巍图农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soil in-situ quick-analysis method based on dielectric spectra |
| CN106771075A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 中环天仪（天津）气象仪器有限公司 | For the double automatic detection device and method of contact pin type soil moisture sensor |
| CN106840954A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-13 | 上海事凡物联网科技有限公司 | The scaling method and caliberating device of fallen leaves moisture content |
| CN106855527A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-06-16 | 浙江大学 | One kind permeates up the coaxial test barrel caliberating devices of method TDR and scaling method |
| CN107478681A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-15 | 宁夏大学 | A kind of soil water-containing quantity measuring method based on time-domain reflectomer |
| CN108490150A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The indoor high-precision absolute calibration method of soil moisture sensor |
| CN109425551A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-03-05 | 湖南省气象技术装备中心 | A kind of method of the reflective soil moisture sensor original-state soil calibration of FDR frequency domain |
| CN110057854A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-26 | 河海大学 | A kind of test method of simulating drought desert Influence of Evaporation critical depth |
| CN110702701A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-01-17 | 天津大学 | Resonant cavity sensor calibration and temperature and conductivity testing device and method |
| CN111220661A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-02 | 安徽省（水利部淮河水利委员会）水利科学研究院（安徽省水利工程质量检测中心站） | Calibration device and method for soil moisture sensor |
| CN112697841A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-04-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Electrical characteristic method crude oil water content analyzer water content curve calibration system and method |
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| CN104007128A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-27 | 中国农业大学 | Method for measuring water content of soil by adopting time length measurement technology |
| CN105136864B (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-11-03 | 东南大学 | Can the native moisture content of different depth and the detector of dry density under on-the-spot test earth's surface |
| CN105136864A (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2015-12-09 | 东南大学 | Detector capable of testing water content and dry density of soil at different depths under earth surface on field |
| CN105842261A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-08-10 | 中国农业大学 | Soil moisture measuring transducer based on time domain transmission and realization method |
| CN105842261B (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2019-02-15 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of soil moisture measurement sensor and implementation method based on time-domain transmission |
| CN106248522A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-21 | 西安思坦环境科技有限公司 | A kind of laboratory investment method about soil moisture content sensor |
| CN106248522B (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2019-06-07 | 西安思坦环境科技有限公司 | A kind of laboratory investment method about soil moisture content sensor |
| CN106855527A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-06-16 | 浙江大学 | One kind permeates up the coaxial test barrel caliberating devices of method TDR and scaling method |
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| CN106840954A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-13 | 上海事凡物联网科技有限公司 | The scaling method and caliberating device of fallen leaves moisture content |
| CN107478681A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-15 | 宁夏大学 | A kind of soil water-containing quantity measuring method based on time-domain reflectomer |
| CN109425551A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2019-03-05 | 湖南省气象技术装备中心 | A kind of method of the reflective soil moisture sensor original-state soil calibration of FDR frequency domain |
| CN109425551B (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2021-06-04 | 湖南省气象技术装备中心 | Method for calibrating undisturbed soil of FDR frequency domain reflection type soil moisture sensor |
| CN108490150A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | The indoor high-precision absolute calibration method of soil moisture sensor |
| CN110057854A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-26 | 河海大学 | A kind of test method of simulating drought desert Influence of Evaporation critical depth |
| CN110702701A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2020-01-17 | 天津大学 | Resonant cavity sensor calibration and temperature and conductivity testing device and method |
| CN111220661A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-02 | 安徽省（水利部淮河水利委员会）水利科学研究院（安徽省水利工程质量检测中心站） | Calibration device and method for soil moisture sensor |
| CN111220661B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2022-08-09 | 安徽省（水利部淮河水利委员会）水利科学研究院（安徽省水利工程质量检测中心站） | Calibration device and method for soil moisture sensor |
| CN112697841A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-04-23 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Electrical characteristic method crude oil water content analyzer water content curve calibration system and method |
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Application publication date: 20130227 |